clean up implementation

The compiler may generate calls to fminimum/fmaximum on some platforms.
Neither of the libm implementations we statically link against have these functions yet.
Implement them ourselves.

.github/workflows/build-macos.yml

@@ -16,36 +16,37 @@ jobs:
     name: build-macos
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        # macos-13: amd64 (oldest supported version as of 18-10-2024)
-        # macos-14: arm64 (oldest arm64 version)
-        os: [macos-13, macos-14]
+        # macos-14: arm64 (oldest supported version as of 18-11-2025)
+        # macos-15-intel: amd64 (last intel version to be supported by github runners)
+        # See https://github.com/actions/runner-images/issues/13046
+        os: [macos-14, macos-15-intel]
         include:
-          - os: macos-13
-            goarch: amd64
           - os: macos-14
             goarch: arm64
+          - os: macos-15-intel
+            goarch: amd64
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     steps:
       - name: Install Dependencies
         run: |
           HOMEBREW_NO_AUTO_UPDATE=1 brew install qemu binaryen
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5
         with:
           submodules: true
       - name: Extract TinyGo version
         id: version
         run: ./.github/workflows/tinygo-extract-version.sh | tee -a "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v6
         with:
-          go-version: '1.25.0'
+          go-version: '1.25.7'
           cache: true
       - name: Restore LLVM source cache
         uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
         id: cache-llvm-source
         with:
-          key: llvm-source-19-${{ matrix.os }}-v1
+          key: llvm-source-20-${{ matrix.os }}-v1
           path: |
             llvm-project/clang/lib/Headers
             llvm-project/clang/include
@@ -70,7 +71,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
         id: cache-llvm-build
         with:
-          key: llvm-build-19-${{ matrix.os }}-v1
+          key: llvm-build-20-${{ matrix.os }}-v2
           path: llvm-build
       - name: Build LLVM
         if: steps.cache-llvm-build.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
@@ -79,7 +80,7 @@ jobs:
           rm -rf llvm-project
           make llvm-source
           # install dependencies
-          HOMEBREW_NO_AUTO_UPDATE=1 brew install cmake ninja
+          HOMEBREW_NO_AUTO_UPDATE=1 brew install ninja
           # build!
           make llvm-build
           find llvm-build -name CMakeFiles -prune -exec rm -r '{}' \;
@@ -130,11 +131,11 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           brew install llvm@${{ matrix.version }}
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v6
         with:
-          go-version: '1.25.0'
+          go-version: '1.25.7'
           cache: true
       - name: Build TinyGo (LLVM ${{ matrix.version }})
         run: go install -tags=llvm${{ matrix.version }}

.github/workflows/docker.yml

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ jobs:
           sudo rm -rf /usr/local/share/boost
           df -h
       - name: Check out the repo
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5
         with:
           submodules: recursive
       - name: Set up Docker Buildx
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ jobs:
           username: ${{ github.actor }}
           password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
       - name: Build and push
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
         with:
           context: .
           push: true
@@ -66,45 +66,3 @@ jobs:
           labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}
           cache-from: type=gha
           cache-to: type=gha,mode=max
-      - name: Trigger Drivers repo build on Github Actions
-        run: |
-          curl -X POST \
-          -H "Authorization: Bearer ${{secrets.GHA_ACCESS_TOKEN}}" \
-          -H "Accept: application/vnd.github.v3+json" \
-          https://api.github.com/repos/tinygo-org/drivers/actions/workflows/build.yml/dispatches \
-          -d '{"ref": "dev"}'
-      - name: Trigger Bluetooth repo build on Github Actions
-        run: |
-          curl -X POST \
-          -H "Authorization: Bearer ${{secrets.GHA_ACCESS_TOKEN}}" \
-          -H "Accept: application/vnd.github.v3+json" \
-          https://api.github.com/repos/tinygo-org/bluetooth/actions/workflows/linux.yml/dispatches \
-          -d '{"ref": "dev"}'
-      - name: Trigger TinyFS repo build on Github Actions
-        run: |
-          curl -X POST \
-          -H "Authorization: Bearer ${{secrets.GHA_ACCESS_TOKEN}}" \
-          -H "Accept: application/vnd.github.v3+json" \
-          https://api.github.com/repos/tinygo-org/tinyfs/actions/workflows/build.yml/dispatches \
-          -d '{"ref": "dev"}'
-      - name: Trigger TinyFont repo build on Github Actions
-        run: |
-          curl -X POST \
-          -H "Authorization: Bearer ${{secrets.GHA_ACCESS_TOKEN}}" \
-          -H "Accept: application/vnd.github.v3+json" \
-          https://api.github.com/repos/tinygo-org/tinyfont/actions/workflows/build.yml/dispatches \
-          -d '{"ref": "dev"}'
-      - name: Trigger TinyDraw repo build on Github Actions
-        run: |
-          curl -X POST \
-          -H "Authorization: Bearer ${{secrets.GHA_ACCESS_TOKEN}}" \
-          -H "Accept: application/vnd.github.v3+json" \
-          https://api.github.com/repos/tinygo-org/tinydraw/actions/workflows/build.yml/dispatches \
-          -d '{"ref": "dev"}'
-      - name: Trigger TinyTerm repo build on Github Actions
-        run: |
-          curl -X POST \
-          -H "Authorization: Bearer ${{secrets.GHA_ACCESS_TOKEN}}" \
-          -H "Accept: application/vnd.github.v3+json" \
-          https://api.github.com/repos/tinygo-org/tinyterm/actions/workflows/build.yml/dispatches \
-          -d '{"ref": "dev"}'

.github/workflows/linux.yml

@@ -26,12 +26,12 @@ jobs:
         # tar: needed for actions/cache@v4
         # git+openssh: needed for checkout (I think?)
         # ruby: needed to install fpm
-        run: apk add tar git openssh make g++ ruby-dev
+        run: apk add tar git openssh make g++ ruby-dev mold
       - name: Work around CVE-2022-24765
         # We're not on a multi-user machine, so this is safe.
         run: git config --global --add safe.directory "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE"
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5
         with:
           submodules: true
       - name: Extract TinyGo version
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
         id: cache-llvm-source
         with:
-          key: llvm-source-19-linux-alpine-v1
+          key: llvm-source-20-linux-alpine-v1
           path: |
             llvm-project/clang/lib/Headers
             llvm-project/clang/include
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
         id: cache-llvm-build
         with:
-          key: llvm-build-19-linux-alpine-v1
+          key: llvm-build-20-linux-alpine-v1
           path: llvm-build
       - name: Build LLVM
         if: steps.cache-llvm-build.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
@@ -131,13 +131,13 @@ jobs:
     needs: build-linux
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5
         with:
           submodules: true
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v6
         with:
-          go-version: '1.25.0'
+          go-version: '1.25.7'
           cache: true
       - name: Install wasmtime
         uses: bytecodealliance/actions/wasmtime/setup@v1
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5
         with:
           submodules: true
       - name: Install apt dependencies
@@ -179,9 +179,9 @@ jobs:
               simavr \
               ninja-build
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v6
         with:
-          go-version: '1.25.0'
+          go-version: '1.25.7'
           cache: true
       - name: Install Node.js
         uses: actions/setup-node@v4
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
         id: cache-llvm-source
         with:
-          key: llvm-source-19-linux-asserts-v1
+          key: llvm-source-20-linux-asserts-v1
           path: |
             llvm-project/clang/lib/Headers
             llvm-project/clang/include
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
         id: cache-llvm-build
         with:
-          key: llvm-build-19-linux-asserts-v1
+          key: llvm-build-20-linux-asserts-v1
           path: llvm-build
       - name: Build LLVM
         if: steps.cache-llvm-build.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: build-linux
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5
       - name: Get TinyGo version
         id: version
         run: ./.github/workflows/tinygo-extract-version.sh | tee -a "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
@@ -296,15 +296,15 @@ jobs:
               g++-${{ matrix.toolchain }} \
               libc6-dev-${{ matrix.libc }}-cross
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v6
         with:
-          go-version: '1.25.0'
+          go-version: '1.25.7'
           cache: true
       - name: Restore LLVM source cache
         uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
         id: cache-llvm-source
         with:
-          key: llvm-source-19-linux-v1
+          key: llvm-source-20-linux-v1
           path: |
             llvm-project/clang/lib/Headers
             llvm-project/clang/include
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
         id: cache-llvm-build
         with:
-          key: llvm-build-19-linux-${{ matrix.goarch }}-v3
+          key: llvm-build-20-linux-${{ matrix.goarch }}-v1
           path: llvm-build
       - name: Build LLVM
         if: steps.cache-llvm-build.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'

.github/workflows/llvm.yml

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ jobs:
       contents: read
     steps:
       - name: Check out the repo
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5
         with:
           submodules: recursive
       - name: Set up Docker Buildx
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ jobs:
         uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
         with:
           images: |
-            tinygo/llvm-19
-            ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/llvm-19
+            tinygo/llvm-20
+            ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/llvm-20
           tags: |
             type=sha,format=long
             type=raw,value=latest
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ jobs:
           username: ${{ github.actor }}
           password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
       - name: Build and push
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
         with:
           target: tinygo-llvm-build
           context: .

.github/workflows/nix.yml

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ jobs:
         # See: https://github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/pull/4516#issuecomment-2416363668
         run: sudo apt-get remove llvm-18
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5
       - name: Pull musl, bdwgc
         run: |
             git submodule update --init lib/musl lib/bdwgc
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
         id: cache-llvm-source
         with:
-          key: llvm-source-19-linux-nix-v1
+          key: llvm-source-20-linux-nix-v1
           path: |
             llvm-project/compiler-rt
       - name: Download LLVM source
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ jobs:
           key: ${{ steps.cache-llvm-source.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
           path: |
             llvm-project/compiler-rt
-      - uses: cachix/install-nix-action@v22
+      - uses: cachix/install-nix-action@v31
       - name: Test
         run: |
           nix develop --ignore-environment --keep HOME --command bash -c "go install && ~/go/bin/tinygo version && ~/go/bin/tinygo build -o test ./testdata/cgo"

.github/workflows/sizediff.yml

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           echo "$HOME/go/bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0 # fetch all history (no sparse checkout)
           submodules: true
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/cache@v4
         id: cache-llvm-source
         with:
-          key: llvm-source-19-sizediff-v1
+          key: llvm-source-20-sizediff-v1
           path: |
             llvm-project/compiler-rt
       - name: Download LLVM source

.github/workflows/windows.yml

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           scoop install ninja binaryen
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5
         with:
           submodules: true
       - name: Extract TinyGo version
@@ -39,15 +39,15 @@ jobs:
         shell: bash
         run: ./.github/workflows/tinygo-extract-version.sh | tee -a "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v6
         with:
-          go-version: '1.25.0'
+          go-version: '1.25.7'
           cache: true
       - name: Restore cached LLVM source
         uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
         id: cache-llvm-source
         with:
-          key: llvm-source-19-windows-v1
+          key: llvm-source-20-windows-v1
           path: |
             llvm-project/clang/lib/Headers
             llvm-project/clang/include
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
         id: cache-llvm-build
         with:
-          key: llvm-build-19-windows-v1
+          key: llvm-build-20-windows-v2
           path: llvm-build
       - name: Build LLVM
         if: steps.cache-llvm-build.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
@@ -143,11 +143,11 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           scoop install binaryen
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v6
         with:
-          go-version: '1.25.0'
+          go-version: '1.25.7'
           cache: true
       - name: Download TinyGo build
         uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
@@ -173,11 +173,11 @@ jobs:
           maximum-size: 24GB
           disk-root: "C:"
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v6
         with:
-          go-version: '1.25.0'
+          go-version: '1.25.7'
           cache: true
       - name: Download TinyGo build
         uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
@@ -209,11 +209,11 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           scoop install binaryen && scoop install wasmtime@29.0.1
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v6
         with:
-          go-version: '1.25.0'
+          go-version: '1.25.7'
           cache: true
       - name: Download TinyGo build
         uses: actions/download-artifact@v4

.gitmodules

@@ -16,13 +16,13 @@
 	url = https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-libc
 [submodule "lib/picolibc"]
 	path = lib/picolibc
-	url = https://github.com/keith-packard/picolibc.git
+	url = https://github.com/picolibc/picolibc.git
 [submodule "lib/stm32-svd"]
 	path = lib/stm32-svd
 	url = https://github.com/tinygo-org/stm32-svd
 [submodule "lib/musl"]
 	path = lib/musl
-	url = git://git.musl-libc.org/musl
+	url = https://github.com/tinygo-org/musl-libc.git
 [submodule "lib/binaryen"]
 	path = lib/binaryen
 	url = https://github.com/WebAssembly/binaryen.git

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,3 +1,156 @@
+0.40.1
+---
+* **machine**
+  - nrf: fix flash writes when SoftDevice is enabled
+* **runtime**
+  - runtime: avoid fixed math/rand sequence on RP2040/RP2350 (#5124)
+  - runtime: add calls to initRand() during run() for all schedulers
+  - runtime: call initRand() before initHeap() during initialization
+  - runtime: use rand_hwrng hardwareRand for RP2040/RP2350 (#5135)
+* **libs**
+  - picolibc: use updated location for git repo
+
+0.40.0
+---
+* **general**
+  - all: add full LLVM 20 support
+  - core: feat: enable //go:linkname pragma for globals
+  - core: feature: Add flag to ignore go compatibility matrix (#5078)
+  - chore: update version for 0.40 development cycle
+* **compiler**
+  - emit an error when the actual arch doesn't match GOARCH
+  - mark string parameters as readonly
+  - use Tarjan's SCC algorithm to detect loops for defer
+  - lower "large stack" limit to 16kb
+* **core**
+  - shrink bdwgc library
+  - Fix linker errors for runtime.vgetrandom and crypto/internal/sysrand.fatal
+  - fix: add TryLock to sync.RWMutex
+  - fix: correct linter issues exposed by the fix in #4679
+  - fix: don't hardcode success return state
+  - fix: expand RTT debugger compatibility
+  - internal/task (threads): save stack bounds instead of scanning under a lock
+  - internal/task: create detached threads and fix error handling
+  - interp: better errors when debugging interp
+  - transform (gc): create stack slots in callers of external functions
+  - internal/task: prevent semaphore resource leak for threads scheduler
+* **machine**
+  - cortexm: optimize code size for the HardFault_Handler
+  - fe310: add I2C pins for the HiFive1b
+  - clarify WriteAt semantics of BlockDevice
+  - fix deprecated AsmFull comment (#5005)
+  - make sure DMA buffers do not escape unnecessarily
+  - only enable USB-CDC when needed
+  - use larger SPI MAXCNT on nrf52833 and nrf52840
+  - fix: update m.queuedBytes when clamping output to avoid corrupting sentBytes
+  - fix: use int64 in ReadTemperature to avoid overflow
+  - fix(rp2): disable DBGPAUSE on startup
+  - fix(rp2): possible integer overflow while computing factors for SPI baudrate
+  - fix(rp2): reset spinlocks at startup
+  - fix(rp2): switch spinlock busy loop to wfe
+  - fix(rp2): use side-effect-free spinlocks
+  - nrf: add ADC_VDDH which is an ADC pin for VDDH
+  - nrf: don't block SPI transfer
+  - nrf: don't set PSELN, it's ignored in single ended mode anyway
+  - nrf: fix typo in ADC configuration
+  - nrf: refactor SoftDevice enabled check
+  - nrf: rename pwmPin to adcPin
+  - nrf: support flash operations while the SoftDevice is enabled
+  - rp2040: allow writing to the UART inside interrupts
+  - machine,nrf528: stop the bus only once on I2C bus error and ensures the first error is returned
+* **net**
+  - update submodule to latest commits
+* **runtime**
+  - (avr): fix infinite longjmp loop if stack is aligned to 256 bytes
+  - (gc_blocks.go): clear full size of allocation
+  - (gc_blocks.go): make sweep branchless
+  - (gc_blocks.go): simplify scanning logic
+  - (gc_blocks.go): use a linked stack to scan marked objects
+  - (gc_blocks.go): use best-fit allocation
+  - (gc_boehm.go): fix world already stopped check
+  - (wasm): scan the system stack
+  - fix sleep duration for long sleeps
+  - remove copied code for nrf52840
+  - src/syscall: update src buffer after write
+  - wasm: fix C realloc and optimize it a bit
+* **targets**
+  - add xiao-esp32s3 board target
+  - Add ESP32-S3 support (#5091)
+  - Added Gopher ARCADE board
+  - Create "pico2-ice" target board (#5062)
+* **build/test**
+  - Add testing.T.Context() and testing.B.Context()
+  - create separate go.mod file for testing dependencies for wasm tests that use Chromium headless browser to avoid use of older incompatible version.
+  - go back to normal scheduler instead of tasks scheduler for macos CI
+  - update CI to use Go 1.25.5
+  - update macOS GH actions builds to handle sunset of macOS 13
+  - use task scheduler on macOS builds to avoid test race condition lockups
+  - update all CI builds to use latest stable Go release. Also update some of the actions to their latest releases.
+  - update GH actions builds to use Go 1.25.4
+  - uninstall cmake before install
+  - fix: point the submodule for musl-lib to a mirror in the TinyGo GitHub org
+  - fix: remove macOS 15 from CI build matrix (conflicts with macOS 14 build)
+  - fix: separate host expected bytes from device intended bytes
+  - fix/typo: makeESPFirmwareImage
+  - make: GNUmakefile: shrink TinyGo binaries on Linux
+  - move the directory list into a variable
+  - several improvements to the macOS GH actions build
+  - Fix for #4678: top-level 'make lint' wasn't working
+  - fix: increase the timeout for chromedp to connect to the headless browser used for running the wasm tests.
+  - testdata: some more packages for the test corpus
+
+0.39.0
+---
+* **general**
+  - all: add Go 1.25 support
+  - net: update to latest tinygo net package
+  - docs: clarify build verification step for macOS users
+  - Add flag to skip Renesas SVD builds
+* **build**
+  - Makefile: install missing dlmalloc files
+  - flash: add -o flag support to save built binary (Fixes #4937) (#4942)
+  - fix: update version of clang to 17 to accommodate latest Go 1.25 docker base image
+* **ci**
+  - chore: update all CI builds to test Go 1.25 release
+  - fix: disable test-newest since CircleCI seems unable to download due to rate-limits on Dockerhub
+  - ci: rename some jobs to avoid churn on every Go/LLVM version bump
+  - ci: make the goroutines test less racy
+  - tests: de-flake goroutines test
+* **compiler**
+  - compiler: implement internal/abi.Escape
+* **main**
+  - main: show the compiler error (if any) for `tinygo test -c`
+  - chore: correct GOOS=js name in error messages for WASM
+* **machine**
+  - machine: add international keys
+  - machine: remove some unnecessary "// peripherals:" comments
+  - machine: add I2C pin comments
+  - machine: standardize I2C errors with "i2c:" prefix
+  - machine: make I2C usable in the simulator
+  - fix: add SPI and I2C to teensy 4.1 (#4943)
+  - `rp2`: use the correct channel mask for rp2350 ADC; hold lock during read (#4938)
+  - `rp2`: disable digital input for analog inputs
+* **runtime**
+  - runtime: ensure time.Sleep(d) sleeps at least d
+  - runtime: stub out weak pointer support
+  - runtime: implement dummy AddCleanup
+  - runtime: enable multi-core scheduler for rp2350
+  - `internal/task`: use -stack-size flag when starting a new thread
+  - `internal/task`: add SA_RESTART flag to GC interrupts
+  - `internal/task`: a few small correctness fixes
+  - `internal/gclayout`: make gclayout values constants
+  - darwin: add threading support and use it by default
+* **standard library**
+  - `sync`: implement sync.Swap
+  - `reflect`: implement Method.IsExported
+* **testing**
+  - testing: stub out testing.B.Loop
+* **targets**
+  - `stm32`: add support for the STM32L031G6U6
+  - add metro-rp2350 board definition (#4989)
+  - `rp2040/rp2350`: set the default stack size to 8k for rp2040/rp2350 based boards where this was not already the case
+
+
 0.38.0
 ---
 * **general**

Dockerfile

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 FROM golang:1.25 AS tinygo-llvm
 
 RUN apt-get update && \
-    apt-get install -y apt-utils make cmake clang-15 ninja-build && \
+    apt-get install -y apt-utils make cmake clang-17 ninja-build && \
     rm -rf \
         /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
         /var/log/* \

GNUmakefile

@@ -79,6 +79,26 @@ ifeq (1, $(STATIC))
     BINARYEN_OPTION += -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-static" -DCMAKE_C_FLAGS="-static"
 endif
 
+# Optimize the binary size for Linux.
+# These flags may work on other platforms, but have only been tested on Linux.
+ifeq ($(uname),Linux)
+    HAS_MOLD := $(shell command -v ld.mold 2> /dev/null)
+    HAS_LLD := $(shell command -v ld.lld 2> /dev/null)
+    LLVM_CFLAGS := -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -fvisibility=hidden
+    LLVM_LDFLAGS := -Wl,--gc-sections
+    ifneq ($(HAS_MOLD),)
+        # Mold might be slightly faster.
+        LLVM_LDFLAGS += -fuse-ld=mold -Wl,--icf=all
+    else ifneq ($(HAS_LLD),)
+        # LLD is more commonly available.
+        LLVM_LDFLAGS += -fuse-ld=lld -Wl,--icf=all
+    endif
+    LLVM_OPTION += \
+        -DCMAKE_C_FLAGS="$(LLVM_CFLAGS)" \
+        -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="$(LLVM_CFLAGS)"
+    CGO_LDFLAGS += $(LLVM_LDFLAGS)
+endif
+
 # Cross compiling support.
 ifneq ($(CROSS),)
     CC = $(CROSS)-gcc
@@ -243,7 +263,7 @@ gen-device-renesas: build/gen-device-svd
 	GO111MODULE=off $(GO) fmt ./src/device/renesas
 
 $(LLVM_PROJECTDIR)/llvm:
-	git clone -b xtensa_release_19.1.2 --depth=1 https://github.com/espressif/llvm-project $(LLVM_PROJECTDIR)
+	git clone -b tinygo_20.x --depth=1 https://github.com/tinygo-org/llvm-project $(LLVM_PROJECTDIR)
 llvm-source: $(LLVM_PROJECTDIR)/llvm ## Get LLVM sources
 
 # Configure LLVM.
@@ -461,6 +481,7 @@ TEST_IOFS := false
 endif
 
 TEST_SKIP_FLAG := -skip='TestExtraMethods|TestParseAndBytesRoundTrip/P256/Generic'
+TEST_ADDITIONAL_FLAGS ?=
 
 # Test known-working standard library packages.
 # TODO: parallelize, and only show failing tests (no implied -v flag).
@@ -468,7 +489,7 @@ TEST_SKIP_FLAG := -skip='TestExtraMethods|TestParseAndBytesRoundTrip/P256/Generi
 tinygo-test:
 	@# TestExtraMethods: used by many crypto packages and uses reflect.Type.Method which is not implemented.
 	@# TestParseAndBytesRoundTrip/P256/Generic: relies on t.Skip() which is not implemented
-	$(TINYGO) test $(TEST_SKIP_FLAG) $(TEST_PACKAGES_HOST) $(TEST_PACKAGES_SLOW)
+	$(TINYGO) test $(TEST_ADDITIONAL_FLAGS) $(TEST_SKIP_FLAG) $(TEST_PACKAGES_HOST) $(TEST_PACKAGES_SLOW)
 	@# io/fs requires os.ReadDir, not yet supported on windows or wasi. It also
 	@# requires a large stack-size. Hence, io/fs is only run conditionally.
 	@# For more details, see the comments on issue #3143.
@@ -601,6 +622,8 @@ smoketest: testchdir
 	@$(MD5SUM) test.hex
 	$(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.hex -target=feather-rp2040      examples/device-id
 	@$(MD5SUM) test.hex
+	$(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.hex -target=pico2-ice           examples/blinky1
+	@$(MD5SUM) test.hex
 	# test simulated boards on play.tinygo.org
 ifneq ($(WASM), 0)
 	GOOS=js GOARCH=wasm $(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.wasm -tags=arduino              examples/blinky1
@@ -775,6 +798,8 @@ endif
 	@$(MD5SUM) test.hex
 	$(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.hex -target=gopher-badge      examples/blinky1
 	@$(MD5SUM) test.hex
+	$(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.hex -target=gopher-arcade      examples/blinky1
+	@$(MD5SUM) test.hex
 	$(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.hex -target=ae-rp2040           examples/echo
 	@$(MD5SUM) test.hex
 	$(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.hex -target=thumby              examples/echo
@@ -789,6 +814,8 @@ endif
 	@$(MD5SUM) test.hex
 	$(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.hex -target=waveshare-rp2040-tiny examples/echo
 	@$(MD5SUM) test.hex
+	$(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.hex -target=vicharak_shrike-lite examples/echo
+	@$(MD5SUM) test.hex
 	# test pwm
 	$(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.hex -target=itsybitsy-m0        examples/pwm
 	@$(MD5SUM) test.hex
@@ -871,6 +898,10 @@ endif
 	@$(MD5SUM) test.hex
 	$(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.hex -target=digispark           examples/blinky1
 	@$(MD5SUM) test.hex
+	$(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.hex -target=digispark           examples/pwm
+	@$(MD5SUM) test.hex
+	$(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.hex -target=digispark           examples/mcp3008
+	@$(MD5SUM) test.hex
 	$(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.hex -target=digispark -gc=leaking examples/blinky1
 	@$(MD5SUM) test.hex
 ifneq ($(XTENSA), 0)
@@ -890,6 +921,12 @@ ifneq ($(XTENSA), 0)
 	@$(MD5SUM) test.bin
 	$(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.bin -target mch2022             examples/machinetest
 	@$(MD5SUM) test.bin
+	$(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.bin -target=xiao-esp32s3   		examples/blinky1
+	@$(MD5SUM) test.bin
+	$(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.bin -target=xiao-esp32s3   		examples/mcp3008
+	@$(MD5SUM) test.bin
+	$(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.bin -target=esp32s3-wroom1	    examples/mcp3008
+	@$(MD5SUM) test.bin
 endif
 	$(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.bin -target=esp-c3-32s-kit      examples/blinky1
 	@$(MD5SUM) test.bin
@@ -951,7 +988,7 @@ endif
 
 
 wasmtest:
-	$(GO) test ./tests/wasm
+	cd ./tests/wasm && $(GO) test .
 
 build/release: tinygo gen-device $(if $(filter 1,$(USE_SYSTEM_BINARYEN)),,binaryen)
 	@mkdir -p build/release/tinygo/bin
@@ -1098,6 +1135,7 @@ endif
 tools:
 	cd internal/tools && go generate -tags tools ./
 
+LINTDIRS=src/os/ src/reflect/
 .PHONY: lint
 lint: tools ## Lint source tree
 	revive -version
@@ -1105,7 +1143,10 @@ lint: tools ## Lint source tree
 	# revive.toml isn't flexible enough to filter out just one kind of error from a checker, so do it with grep here.
 	# Can't use grep with friendly formatter.  Plain output isn't too bad, though.
 	# Use 'grep .' to get rid of stray blank line
-	revive -config revive.toml compiler/... src/{os,reflect}/*.go | grep -v "should have comment or be unexported" | grep '.' | awk '{print}; END {exit NR>0}'
+	revive -config revive.toml compiler/... $$( find $(LINTDIRS) -type f -name '*.go' ) \
+		| grep -v "should have comment or be unexported" \
+		| grep '.' \
+		| awk '{print}; END {exit NR>0}'
 
 SPELLDIRSCMD=find . -depth 1 -type d  | egrep -wv '.git|lib|llvm|src'; find src -depth 1 | egrep -wv 'device|internal|net|vendor'; find src/internal -depth 1 -type d | egrep -wv src/internal/wasi
 .PHONY: spell

LICENSE

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-Copyright (c) 2018-2025 The TinyGo Authors. All rights reserved.
+Copyright (c) 2018-2026 The TinyGo Authors. All rights reserved.
 
 TinyGo includes portions of the Go standard library.
-Copyright (c) 2009-2024 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+See https://github.com/golang/go/blob/master/LICENSE for license information.
 
 TinyGo includes portions of LLVM, which is under the Apache License v2.0 with
 LLVM Exceptions. See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.

README.md

@@ -6,6 +6,9 @@ TinyGo is a Go compiler intended for use in small places such as microcontroller
 
 It reuses libraries used by the [Go language tools](https://golang.org/pkg/go/) alongside [LLVM](http://llvm.org) to provide an alternative way to compile programs written in the Go programming language.
 
+> [!IMPORTANT]
+> You can help TinyGo with a financial contribution using OpenCollective. Please see https://opencollective.com/tinygo for more information. Thank you!
+
 ## Embedded
 
 Here is an example program that blinks the built-in LED when run directly on any supported board with onboard LED:
@@ -63,7 +66,7 @@ tinygo build -buildmode=c-shared -o add.wasm -target=wasip1 add.go
 You can also use the same syntax as Go 1.24+:
 
 ```shell
-GOARCH=wasip1 GOOS=wasm tinygo build -buildmode=c-shared -o add.wasm add.go
+GOOS=wasip1 GOARCH=wasm tinygo build -buildmode=c-shared -o add.wasm add.go
 ```
 
 ## Installation

builder/bdwgc.go

@@ -30,7 +30,10 @@ var BoehmGC = Library{
 			// Use a minimal environment.
 			"-DNO_MSGBOX_ON_ERROR", // don't call MessageBoxA on Windows
 			"-DDONT_USE_ATEXIT",
-			"-DNO_GETENV",
+			"-DNO_GETENV",          // smaller binary, more predictable configuration
+			"-DNO_CLOCK",           // don't use system clock
+			"-DNO_DEBUGGING",       // reduce code size
+			"-DGC_NO_FINALIZATION", // finalization is not used at the moment
 
 			// Special flag to work around the lack of __data_start in ld.lld.
 			// TODO: try to fix this in LLVM/lld directly so we don't have to
@@ -39,6 +42,8 @@ var BoehmGC = Library{
 
 			// Do not scan the stack. We have our own mechanism to do this.
 			"-DSTACK_NOT_SCANNED",
+			"-DNO_PROC_STAT",  // we scan the stack manually (don't read /proc/self/stat on Linux)
+			"-DSTACKBOTTOM=0", // dummy value, we scan the stack manually
 
 			// Assertions can be enabled while debugging GC issues.
 			//"-DGC_ASSERTIONS",
@@ -63,7 +68,6 @@ var BoehmGC = Library{
 			"blacklst.c",
 			"dbg_mlc.c",
 			"dyn_load.c",
-			"finalize.c",
 			"headers.c",
 			"mach_dep.c",
 			"malloc.c",
@@ -71,7 +75,6 @@ var BoehmGC = Library{
 			"mark_rts.c",
 			"misc.c",
 			"new_hblk.c",
-			"obj_map.c",
 			"os_dep.c",
 			"reclaim.c",
 		}

builder/build.go

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import (
 	"os/exec"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"runtime"
+	"slices"
 	"sort"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
@@ -281,9 +282,13 @@ func Build(pkgName, outpath, tmpdir string, config *compileopts.Config) (BuildRe
 				allFiles[file.Name] = append(allFiles[file.Name], file)
 			}
 		}
-		for name, files := range allFiles {
-			name := name
-			files := files
+		// Sort embedded files by name to maintain output determinism.
+		embedNames := make([]string, 0, len(allFiles))
+		for _, files := range allFiles {
+			embedNames = append(embedNames, files[0].Name)
+		}
+		slices.Sort(embedNames)
+		for _, name := range embedNames {
 			job := &compileJob{
 				description: "make object file for " + name,
 				run: func(job *compileJob) error {
@@ -298,7 +303,7 @@ func Build(pkgName, outpath, tmpdir string, config *compileopts.Config) (BuildRe
 					sum := sha256.Sum256(data)
 					hexSum := hex.EncodeToString(sum[:16])
 
-					for _, file := range files {
+					for _, file := range allFiles[name] {
 						file.Size = uint64(len(data))
 						file.Hash = hexSum
 						if file.NeedsData {
@@ -1042,11 +1047,11 @@ func Build(pkgName, outpath, tmpdir string, config *compileopts.Config) (BuildRe
 		if err != nil {
 			return result, err
 		}
-	case "esp32", "esp32-img", "esp32c3", "esp8266":
+	case "esp32", "esp32-img", "esp32c3", "esp32s3", "esp8266":
 		// Special format for the ESP family of chips (parsed by the ROM
 		// bootloader).
 		result.Binary = filepath.Join(tmpdir, "main"+outext)
-		err := makeESPFirmareImage(result.Executable, result.Binary, outputBinaryFormat)
+		err := makeESPFirmwareImage(result.Executable, result.Binary, outputBinaryFormat)
 		if err != nil {
 			return result, err
 		}

builder/builder_test.go

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ func TestClangAttributes(t *testing.T) {
 		"cortex-m4",
 		"cortex-m7",
 		"esp32c3",
+		"esp32s3",
 		"fe310",
 		"gameboy-advance",
 		"k210",

builder/cc1as.cpp

@@ -144,8 +144,6 @@ bool AssemblerInvocation::CreateFromArgs(AssemblerInvocation &Opts,
             .Default(llvm::DebugCompressionType::None);
   }
 
-  Opts.RelaxELFRelocations = !Args.hasArg(OPT_mrelax_relocations_no);
-  Opts.SSE2AVX = Args.hasArg(OPT_msse2avx);
   if (auto *DwarfFormatArg = Args.getLastArg(OPT_gdwarf64, OPT_gdwarf32))
     Opts.Dwarf64 = DwarfFormatArg->getOption().matches(OPT_gdwarf64);
   Opts.DwarfVersion = getLastArgIntValue(Args, OPT_dwarf_version_EQ, 2, Diags);
@@ -236,6 +234,9 @@ bool AssemblerInvocation::CreateFromArgs(AssemblerInvocation &Opts,
   Opts.EmitCompactUnwindNonCanonical =
       Args.hasArg(OPT_femit_compact_unwind_non_canonical);
   Opts.Crel = Args.hasArg(OPT_crel);
+  Opts.ImplicitMapsyms = Args.hasArg(OPT_mmapsyms_implicit);
+  Opts.X86RelaxRelocations = !Args.hasArg(OPT_mrelax_relocations_no);
+  Opts.X86Sse2Avx = Args.hasArg(OPT_msse2avx);
 
   Opts.AsSecureLogFile = Args.getLastArgValue(OPT_as_secure_log_file);
 
@@ -294,8 +295,9 @@ static bool ExecuteAssemblerImpl(AssemblerInvocation &Opts,
   MCOptions.EmitCompactUnwindNonCanonical = Opts.EmitCompactUnwindNonCanonical;
   MCOptions.MCSaveTempLabels = Opts.SaveTemporaryLabels;
   MCOptions.Crel = Opts.Crel;
-  MCOptions.X86RelaxRelocations = Opts.RelaxELFRelocations;
-  MCOptions.X86Sse2Avx = Opts.SSE2AVX;
+  MCOptions.ImplicitMapSyms = Opts.ImplicitMapsyms;
+  MCOptions.X86RelaxRelocations = Opts.X86RelaxRelocations;
+  MCOptions.X86Sse2Avx = Opts.X86Sse2Avx;
   MCOptions.CompressDebugSections = Opts.CompressDebugSections;
   MCOptions.AsSecureLogFile = Opts.AsSecureLogFile;
 
@@ -343,10 +345,6 @@ static bool ExecuteAssemblerImpl(AssemblerInvocation &Opts,
   // MCObjectFileInfo needs a MCContext reference in order to initialize itself.
   std::unique_ptr<MCObjectFileInfo> MOFI(
       TheTarget->createMCObjectFileInfo(Ctx, PIC));
-  if (Opts.DarwinTargetVariantTriple)
-    MOFI->setDarwinTargetVariantTriple(*Opts.DarwinTargetVariantTriple);
-  if (!Opts.DarwinTargetVariantSDKVersion.empty())
-    MOFI->setDarwinTargetVariantSDKVersion(Opts.DarwinTargetVariantSDKVersion);
   Ctx.setObjectFileInfo(MOFI.get());
 
   if (Opts.GenDwarfForAssembly)
@@ -428,6 +426,13 @@ static bool ExecuteAssemblerImpl(AssemblerInvocation &Opts,
     Str.reset(TheTarget->createMCObjectStreamer(
         T, Ctx, std::move(MAB), std::move(OW), std::move(CE), *STI));
     Str.get()->initSections(Opts.NoExecStack, *STI);
+    if (T.isOSBinFormatMachO() && T.isOSDarwin()) {
+      Triple *TVT = Opts.DarwinTargetVariantTriple
+                        ? &*Opts.DarwinTargetVariantTriple
+                        : nullptr;
+      Str->emitVersionForTarget(T, VersionTuple(), TVT,
+                                Opts.DarwinTargetVariantSDKVersion);
+    }
   }
 
   // When -fembed-bitcode is passed to clang_as, a 1-byte marker

builder/cc1as.h

@@ -45,10 +45,6 @@ struct AssemblerInvocation {
   LLVM_PREFERRED_TYPE(bool)
   unsigned GenDwarfForAssembly : 1;
   LLVM_PREFERRED_TYPE(bool)
-  unsigned RelaxELFRelocations : 1;
-  LLVM_PREFERRED_TYPE(bool)
-  unsigned SSE2AVX : 1;
-  LLVM_PREFERRED_TYPE(bool)
   unsigned Dwarf64 : 1;
   unsigned DwarfVersion;
   std::string DwarfDebugFlags;
@@ -117,6 +113,13 @@ struct AssemblerInvocation {
 
   LLVM_PREFERRED_TYPE(bool)
   unsigned Crel : 1;
+  LLVM_PREFERRED_TYPE(bool)
+  unsigned ImplicitMapsyms : 1;
+
+  LLVM_PREFERRED_TYPE(bool)
+  unsigned X86RelaxRelocations : 1;
+  LLVM_PREFERRED_TYPE(bool)
+  unsigned X86Sse2Avx : 1;
 
   /// The name of the relocation model to use.
   std::string RelocationModel;
@@ -148,7 +151,6 @@ public:
     ShowInst = 0;
     ShowEncoding = 0;
     RelaxAll = 0;
-    SSE2AVX = 0;
     NoExecStack = 0;
     FatalWarnings = 0;
     NoWarn = 0;
@@ -160,6 +162,9 @@ public:
     EmitDwarfUnwind = EmitDwarfUnwindType::Default;
     EmitCompactUnwindNonCanonical = false;
     Crel = false;
+    ImplicitMapsyms = 0;
+    X86RelaxRelocations = 0;
+    X86Sse2Avx = 0;
   }
 
   static bool CreateFromArgs(AssemblerInvocation &Res,

builder/clang.cpp

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ bool tinygo_clang_driver(int argc, char **argv) {
 			}
 
 			// Create the actual diagnostics engine.
-			Clang->createDiagnostics();
+			Clang->createDiagnostics(*llvm::vfs::getRealFileSystem());
 			if (!Clang->hasDiagnostics()) {
 				return false;
 			}

builder/config.go

@@ -33,10 +33,13 @@ func NewConfig(options *compileopts.Options) (*compileopts.Config, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	if gorootMajor != 1 || gorootMinor < minorMin || gorootMinor > minorMax {
-		// Note: when this gets updated, also update the Go compatibility matrix:
-		// https://github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo-site/blob/dev/content/docs/reference/go-compat-matrix.md
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("requires go version 1.%d through 1.%d, got go%d.%d", minorMin, minorMax, gorootMajor, gorootMinor)
+
+	if options.GoCompatibility {
+		if gorootMajor != 1 || gorootMinor < minorMin || gorootMinor > minorMax {
+			// Note: when this gets updated, also update the Go compatibility matrix:
+			// https://github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo-site/blob/dev/content/docs/reference/go-compat-matrix.md
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("requires go version 1.%d through 1.%d, got go%d.%d", minorMin, minorMax, gorootMajor, gorootMinor)
+		}
 	}
 
 	// Check that the Go toolchain version isn't too new, if we haven't been

builder/esp.go

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ type espImageSegment struct {
 	data []byte
 }
 
-// makeESPFirmareImage converts an input ELF file to an image file for an ESP32 or
+// makeESPFirmwareImage converts an input ELF file to an image file for an ESP32 or
 // ESP8266 chip. This is a special purpose image format just for the ESP chip
 // family, and is parsed by the on-chip mask ROM bootloader.
 //
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ type espImageSegment struct {
 // https://github.com/espressif/esptool/wiki/Firmware-Image-Format
 // https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/blob/8fbb63c2a701c22ccf4ce249f43aded73e134a34/components/bootloader_support/include/esp_image_format.h#L58
 // https://github.com/espressif/esptool/blob/master/esptool.py
-func makeESPFirmareImage(infile, outfile, format string) error {
+func makeESPFirmwareImage(infile, outfile, format string) error {
 	inf, err := elf.Open(infile)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -100,11 +100,12 @@ func makeESPFirmareImage(infile, outfile, format string) error {
 	chip_id := map[string]uint16{
 		"esp32":   0x0000,
 		"esp32c3": 0x0005,
+		"esp32s3": 0x0009,
 	}[chip]
 
 	// Image header.
 	switch chip {
-	case "esp32", "esp32c3":
+	case "esp32", "esp32c3", "esp32s3":
 		// Header format:
 		// https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/blob/v4.3/components/bootloader_support/include/esp_app_format.h#L71
 		// Note: not adding a SHA256 hash as the binary is modified by

builder/sizes_test.go

@@ -42,9 +42,9 @@ func TestBinarySize(t *testing.T) {
 	// This is a small number of very diverse targets that we want to test.
 	tests := []sizeTest{
 		// microcontrollers
-		{"hifive1b", "examples/echo", 4580, 280, 0, 2264},
-		{"microbit", "examples/serial", 2928, 388, 8, 2272},
-		{"wioterminal", "examples/pininterrupt", 7387, 1489, 116, 6912},
+		{"hifive1b", "examples/echo", 3668, 280, 0, 2244},
+		{"microbit", "examples/serial", 2694, 342, 8, 2248},
+		{"wioterminal", "examples/pininterrupt", 6837, 1491, 120, 6888},
 
 		// TODO: also check wasm. Right now this is difficult, because
 		// wasm binaries are run through wasm-opt and therefore the

compileopts/config.go

@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ func (c *Config) StackSize() uint64 {
 
 // MaxStackAlloc returns the size of the maximum allocation to put on the stack vs heap.
 func (c *Config) MaxStackAlloc() uint64 {
-	if c.StackSize() > 32*1024 {
+	if c.StackSize() >= 16*1024 {
 		return 1024
 	}
 

compileopts/options.go

@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ type Options struct {
 	WITPackage      string // pass through to wasm-tools component embed invocation
 	WITWorld        string // pass through to wasm-tools component embed -w option
 	ExtLDFlags      []string
+	GoCompatibility bool // enable to check for Go version compatibility
 }
 
 // Verify performs a validation on the given options, raising an error if options are not valid.

compiler/asserts.go

@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ func (b *builder) createRuntimeAssert(assert llvm.Value, blockPrefix, assertFunc
 	// current insert position.
 	faultBlock := b.ctx.AddBasicBlock(b.llvmFn, blockPrefix+".throw")
 	nextBlock := b.insertBasicBlock(blockPrefix + ".next")
-	b.blockExits[b.currentBlock] = nextBlock // adjust outgoing block for phi nodes
+	b.currentBlockInfo.exit = nextBlock // adjust outgoing block for phi nodes
 
 	// Now branch to the out-of-bounds or the regular block.
 	b.CreateCondBr(assert, faultBlock, nextBlock)

compiler/calls.go

@@ -32,6 +32,9 @@ const (
 	// Whether this is a full or partial Go parameter (int, slice, etc).
 	// The extra context parameter is not a Go parameter.
 	paramIsGoParam = 1 << iota
+
+	// Whether this is a readonly parameter (for example, a string pointer).
+	paramIsReadonly
 )
 
 // createRuntimeCallCommon creates a runtime call. Use createRuntimeCall or
@@ -167,6 +170,7 @@ func (c *compilerContext) flattenAggregateType(t llvm.Type, name string, goType
 				continue
 			}
 			suffix := strconv.Itoa(i)
+			isString := false
 			if goType != nil {
 				// Try to come up with a good suffix for this struct field,
 				// depending on which Go type it's based on.
@@ -183,12 +187,16 @@ func (c *compilerContext) flattenAggregateType(t llvm.Type, name string, goType
 						suffix = []string{"r", "i"}[i]
 					case types.String:
 						suffix = []string{"data", "len"}[i]
+						isString = true
 					}
 				case *types.Signature:
 					suffix = []string{"context", "funcptr"}[i]
 				}
 			}
 			subInfos := c.flattenAggregateType(subfield, name+"."+suffix, extractSubfield(goType, i))
+			if isString {
+				subInfos[0].flags |= paramIsReadonly
+			}
 			paramInfos = append(paramInfos, subInfos...)
 		}
 		return paramInfos

compiler/compiler.go

@@ -152,10 +152,12 @@ type builder struct {
 	llvmFnType        llvm.Type
 	llvmFn            llvm.Value
 	info              functionInfo
-	locals            map[ssa.Value]llvm.Value            // local variables
-	blockEntries      map[*ssa.BasicBlock]llvm.BasicBlock // a *ssa.BasicBlock may be split up
-	blockExits        map[*ssa.BasicBlock]llvm.BasicBlock // these are the exit blocks
+	locals            map[ssa.Value]llvm.Value // local variables
+	blockInfo         []blockInfo
 	currentBlock      *ssa.BasicBlock
+	currentBlockInfo  *blockInfo
+	tarjanStack       []uint
+	tarjanIndex       uint
 	phis              []phiNode
 	deferPtr          llvm.Value
 	deferFrame        llvm.Value
@@ -187,11 +189,22 @@ func newBuilder(c *compilerContext, irbuilder llvm.Builder, f *ssa.Function) *bu
 		info:            c.getFunctionInfo(f),
 		locals:          make(map[ssa.Value]llvm.Value),
 		dilocals:        make(map[*types.Var]llvm.Metadata),
-		blockEntries:    make(map[*ssa.BasicBlock]llvm.BasicBlock),
-		blockExits:      make(map[*ssa.BasicBlock]llvm.BasicBlock),
 	}
 }
 
+type blockInfo struct {
+	// entry is the LLVM basic block corresponding to the start of this *ssa.Block.
+	entry llvm.BasicBlock
+
+	// exit is the LLVM basic block corresponding to the end of this *ssa.Block.
+	// It will be different than entry if any of the block's instructions contain internal branches.
+	exit llvm.BasicBlock
+
+	// tarjan holds state for applying Tarjan's strongly connected components algorithm to the CFG.
+	// This is used by defer.go to determine whether to stack- or heap-allocate defer data.
+	tarjan tarjanNode
+}
+
 type deferBuiltin struct {
 	callName string
 	pos      token.Pos
@@ -1220,14 +1233,29 @@ func (b *builder) createFunctionStart(intrinsic bool) {
 		// intrinsic (like an atomic operation). Create the entry block
 		// manually.
 		entryBlock = b.ctx.AddBasicBlock(b.llvmFn, "entry")
-	} else {
-		for _, block := range b.fn.DomPreorder() {
-			llvmBlock := b.ctx.AddBasicBlock(b.llvmFn, block.Comment)
-			b.blockEntries[block] = llvmBlock
-			b.blockExits[block] = llvmBlock
+		// Intrinsics may create internal branches (e.g. nil checks).
+		// They will attempt to access b.currentBlockInfo to update the exit block.
+		// Create some fake block info for them to access.
+		blockInfo := []blockInfo{
+			{
+				entry: entryBlock,
+				exit:  entryBlock,
+			},
 		}
+		b.blockInfo = blockInfo
+		b.currentBlockInfo = &blockInfo[0]
+	} else {
+		blocks := b.fn.Blocks
+		blockInfo := make([]blockInfo, len(blocks))
+		for _, block := range b.fn.DomPreorder() {
+			info := &blockInfo[block.Index]
+			llvmBlock := b.ctx.AddBasicBlock(b.llvmFn, block.Comment)
+			info.entry = llvmBlock
+			info.exit = llvmBlock
+		}
+		b.blockInfo = blockInfo
 		// Normal functions have an entry block.
-		entryBlock = b.blockEntries[b.fn.Blocks[0]]
+		entryBlock = blockInfo[0].entry
 	}
 	b.SetInsertPointAtEnd(entryBlock)
 
@@ -1323,8 +1351,9 @@ func (b *builder) createFunction() {
 		if b.DumpSSA {
 			fmt.Printf("%d: %s:\n", block.Index, block.Comment)
 		}
-		b.SetInsertPointAtEnd(b.blockEntries[block])
 		b.currentBlock = block
+		b.currentBlockInfo = &b.blockInfo[block.Index]
+		b.SetInsertPointAtEnd(b.currentBlockInfo.entry)
 		for _, instr := range block.Instrs {
 			if instr, ok := instr.(*ssa.DebugRef); ok {
 				if !b.Debug {
@@ -1384,7 +1413,7 @@ func (b *builder) createFunction() {
 		block := phi.ssa.Block()
 		for i, edge := range phi.ssa.Edges {
 			llvmVal := b.getValue(edge, getPos(phi.ssa))
-			llvmBlock := b.blockExits[block.Preds[i]]
+			llvmBlock := b.blockInfo[block.Preds[i].Index].exit
 			phi.llvm.AddIncoming([]llvm.Value{llvmVal}, []llvm.BasicBlock{llvmBlock})
 		}
 	}
@@ -1498,11 +1527,11 @@ func (b *builder) createInstruction(instr ssa.Instruction) {
 	case *ssa.If:
 		cond := b.getValue(instr.Cond, getPos(instr))
 		block := instr.Block()
-		blockThen := b.blockEntries[block.Succs[0]]
-		blockElse := b.blockEntries[block.Succs[1]]
+		blockThen := b.blockInfo[block.Succs[0].Index].entry
+		blockElse := b.blockInfo[block.Succs[1].Index].entry
 		b.CreateCondBr(cond, blockThen, blockElse)
 	case *ssa.Jump:
-		blockJump := b.blockEntries[instr.Block().Succs[0]]
+		blockJump := b.blockInfo[instr.Block().Succs[0].Index].entry
 		b.CreateBr(blockJump)
 	case *ssa.MapUpdate:
 		m := b.getValue(instr.Map, getPos(instr))
@@ -1570,7 +1599,8 @@ func (b *builder) createBuiltin(argTypes []types.Type, argValues []llvm.Value, c
 		elemsLen := b.CreateExtractValue(elems, 1, "append.elemsLen")
 		elemType := b.getLLVMType(argTypes[0].Underlying().(*types.Slice).Elem())
 		elemSize := llvm.ConstInt(b.uintptrType, b.targetData.TypeAllocSize(elemType), false)
-		result := b.createRuntimeCall("sliceAppend", []llvm.Value{srcBuf, elemsBuf, srcLen, srcCap, elemsLen, elemSize}, "append.new")
+		elemLayout := b.createObjectLayout(elemType, pos)
+		result := b.createRuntimeCall("sliceAppend", []llvm.Value{srcBuf, elemsBuf, srcLen, srcCap, elemsLen, elemSize, elemLayout}, "append.new")
 		newPtr := b.CreateExtractValue(result, 0, "append.newPtr")
 		newLen := b.CreateExtractValue(result, 1, "append.newLen")
 		newCap := b.CreateExtractValue(result, 2, "append.newCap")
@@ -1652,13 +1682,41 @@ func (b *builder) createBuiltin(argTypes []types.Type, argValues []llvm.Value, c
 	case "copy":
 		dst := argValues[0]
 		src := argValues[1]
+		// Fetch the lengths.
 		dstLen := b.CreateExtractValue(dst, 1, "copy.dstLen")
 		srcLen := b.CreateExtractValue(src, 1, "copy.srcLen")
-		dstBuf := b.CreateExtractValue(dst, 0, "copy.dstArray")
-		srcBuf := b.CreateExtractValue(src, 0, "copy.srcArray")
+		// Find the minimum of the lengths.
+		minFuncName := "llvm.umin.i" + strconv.Itoa(b.uintptrType.IntTypeWidth())
+		minFunc := b.mod.NamedFunction(minFuncName)
+		if minFunc.IsNil() {
+			fnType := llvm.FunctionType(b.uintptrType, []llvm.Type{b.uintptrType, b.uintptrType}, false)
+			minFunc = llvm.AddFunction(b.mod, minFuncName, fnType)
+		}
+		minLen := b.CreateCall(minFunc.GlobalValueType(), minFunc, []llvm.Value{dstLen, srcLen}, "copy.n")
+		// Multiply the length by the element size.
 		elemType := b.getLLVMType(argTypes[0].Underlying().(*types.Slice).Elem())
 		elemSize := llvm.ConstInt(b.uintptrType, b.targetData.TypeAllocSize(elemType), false)
-		return b.createRuntimeCall("sliceCopy", []llvm.Value{dstBuf, srcBuf, dstLen, srcLen, elemSize}, "copy.n"), nil
+		// NOTE: This is also NSW when uintptr is int, but we can only choose one through the C API?
+		size := b.CreateNUWMul(minLen, elemSize, "copy.size")
+		// Fetch the pointers.
+		dstBuf := b.CreateExtractValue(dst, 0, "copy.dstPtr")
+		srcBuf := b.CreateExtractValue(src, 0, "copy.srcPtr")
+		// Create a memcpy.
+		call := b.createMemCopy("memmove", dstBuf, srcBuf, size)
+		align := b.targetData.ABITypeAlignment(elemType)
+		if align > 1 {
+			// Apply the type's alignment to the arguments.
+			// LLVM sometimes turns constant-length moves into loads and stores.
+			// It may use this alignment for the created loads and stores.
+			alignAttr := b.ctx.CreateEnumAttribute(llvm.AttributeKindID("align"), uint64(align))
+			call.AddCallSiteAttribute(1, alignAttr)
+			call.AddCallSiteAttribute(2, alignAttr)
+		}
+		// Extend and return the copied length.
+		if b.targetData.TypeAllocSize(minLen.Type()) < b.targetData.TypeAllocSize(b.intType) {
+			minLen = b.CreateZExt(minLen, b.intType, "copy.n.zext")
+		}
+		return minLen, nil
 	case "delete":
 		m := argValues[0]
 		key := argValues[1]
@@ -1686,20 +1744,66 @@ func (b *builder) createBuiltin(argTypes []types.Type, argValues []llvm.Value, c
 		return llvmLen, nil
 	case "min", "max":
 		// min and max builtins, added in Go 1.21.
-		// We can simply reuse the existing binop comparison code, which has all
-		// the edge cases figured out already.
-		tok := token.LSS
-		if callName == "max" {
-			tok = token.GTR
-		}
-		result := argValues[0]
-		typ := argTypes[0]
-		for _, arg := range argValues[1:] {
-			cmp, err := b.createBinOp(tok, typ, typ, result, arg, pos)
-			if err != nil {
-				return result, err
+		// Find the corresponding intrinsic name.
+		ty := argTypes[0].Underlying().(*types.Basic)
+		llvmType := b.getLLVMType(ty)
+		info := ty.Info()
+		var prefix, delimeter, typeName string
+		if info&types.IsInteger != 0 {
+			// This is an integer value.
+			// Use the LLVM int min/max intrinsics.
+			prefix = "llvm.s"
+			if info&types.IsUnsigned != 0 {
+				prefix = "llvm.u"
 			}
-			result = b.CreateSelect(cmp, result, arg, "")
+			delimeter = ".i"
+			typeName = strconv.Itoa(llvmType.IntTypeWidth())
+		} else {
+			switch ty.Kind() {
+			case types.String:
+				// Strings do not have an equivalent intrinsic.
+				// Implement with compares and selects.
+				tok := token.LSS
+				if callName == "max" {
+					tok = token.GTR
+				}
+				result := argValues[0]
+				typ := argTypes[0]
+				for _, arg := range argValues[1:] {
+					cmp, err := b.createBinOp(tok, typ, typ, result, arg, pos)
+					if err != nil {
+						return result, err
+					}
+					result = b.CreateSelect(cmp, result, arg, "")
+				}
+				return result, nil
+			case types.Float32:
+				typeName = "f32"
+			case types.Float64:
+				typeName = "f64"
+			default:
+				return llvm.Value{}, b.makeError(pos, "todo: min/max: unknown type")
+			}
+			// There are a few edge cases with floating point min/max:
+			// min(-0.0, +0.0) = -0.0
+			// min(NaN, number) = NaN
+			// The llvm.minimum.*/llvm.maximum.* intrinsics match this behavior.
+			// Neither Go nor LLVM defines the bit representation of resulting NaNs.
+			prefix = "llvm."
+			delimeter = "imum."
+		}
+		intrinsicName := prefix + callName + delimeter + typeName
+		// Find or create the intrinsic.
+		llvmFn := b.mod.NamedFunction(intrinsicName)
+		if llvmFn.IsNil() {
+			fnType := llvm.FunctionType(llvmType, []llvm.Type{llvmType, llvmType}, false)
+			llvmFn = llvm.AddFunction(b.mod, intrinsicName, fnType)
+		}
+		// Call the intrinsic repeatedly to merge the arguments.
+		callType := llvmFn.GlobalValueType()
+		result := argValues[0]
+		for _, arg := range argValues[1:] {
+			result = b.CreateCall(callType, llvmFn, []llvm.Value{result, arg}, "")
 		}
 		return result, nil
 	case "panic":

compiler/defer.go

@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ func (b *builder) createLandingPad() {
 
 	// Continue at the 'recover' block, which returns to the parent in an
 	// appropriate way.
-	b.CreateBr(b.blockEntries[b.fn.Recover])
+	b.CreateBr(b.blockInfo[b.fn.Recover.Index].entry)
 }
 
 // Create a checkpoint (similar to setjmp). This emits inline assembly that
@@ -234,41 +234,108 @@ func (b *builder) createInvokeCheckpoint() {
 	continueBB := b.insertBasicBlock("")
 	b.CreateCondBr(isZero, continueBB, b.landingpad)
 	b.SetInsertPointAtEnd(continueBB)
-	b.blockExits[b.currentBlock] = continueBB
+	b.currentBlockInfo.exit = continueBB
 }
 
-// isInLoop checks if there is a path from a basic block to itself.
-func isInLoop(start *ssa.BasicBlock) bool {
-	// Use a breadth-first search to scan backwards through the block graph.
-	queue := []*ssa.BasicBlock{start}
-	checked := map[*ssa.BasicBlock]struct{}{}
+// isInLoop checks if there is a path from the current block to itself.
+// Use Tarjan's strongly connected components algorithm to search for cycles.
+// A one-node SCC is a cycle iff there is an edge from the node to itself.
+// A multi-node SCC is always a cycle.
+// https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarjan%27s_strongly_connected_components_algorithm
+func (b *builder) isInLoop() bool {
+	if b.currentBlockInfo.tarjan.lowLink == 0 {
+		b.strongConnect(b.currentBlock)
+	}
+	return b.currentBlockInfo.tarjan.cyclic
+}
 
-	for len(queue) > 0 {
-		// pop a block off of the queue
-		block := queue[len(queue)-1]
-		queue = queue[:len(queue)-1]
+func (b *builder) strongConnect(block *ssa.BasicBlock) {
+	// Assign a new index.
+	// Indices start from 1 so that 0 can be used as a sentinel.
+	assignedIndex := b.tarjanIndex + 1
+	b.tarjanIndex = assignedIndex
 
-		// Search through predecessors.
-		// Searching backwards means that this is pretty fast when the block is close to the start of the function.
-		// Defers are often placed near the start of the function.
-		for _, pred := range block.Preds {
-			if pred == start {
-				// cycle found
-				return true
-			}
+	// Apply the new index.
+	blockIndex := block.Index
+	node := &b.blockInfo[blockIndex].tarjan
+	node.lowLink = assignedIndex
 
-			if _, ok := checked[pred]; ok {
-				// block already checked
-				continue
-			}
+	// Push the node onto the stack.
+	node.onStack = true
+	b.tarjanStack = append(b.tarjanStack, uint(blockIndex))
 
-			// add to queue and checked map
-			queue = append(queue, pred)
-			checked[pred] = struct{}{}
+	// Process the successors.
+	for _, successor := range block.Succs {
+		// Look up the successor's state.
+		successorIndex := successor.Index
+		if successorIndex == blockIndex {
+			// Handle a self-cycle specially.
+			node.cyclic = true
+			continue
+		}
+		successorNode := &b.blockInfo[successorIndex].tarjan
+
+		switch {
+		case successorNode.lowLink == 0:
+			// This node has not yet been visisted.
+			b.strongConnect(successor)
+
+		case !successorNode.onStack:
+			// This node has been visited, but is in a different SCC.
+			// Ignore it, and do not update lowLink.
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Update the lowLink index.
+		// This always uses the min-of-lowlink instead of using index in the on-stack case.
+		// This is done for two reasons:
+		// 1. The lowLink update can be shared between the new-node and on-stack cases.
+		// 2. The assigned index does not need to be saved - it is only needed for root node detection.
+		if successorNode.lowLink < node.lowLink {
+			node.lowLink = successorNode.lowLink
 		}
 	}
 
-	return false
+	if node.lowLink == assignedIndex {
+		// This is a root node.
+		// Pop the SCC off the stack.
+		stack := b.tarjanStack
+		top := stack[len(stack)-1]
+		stack = stack[:len(stack)-1]
+		blocks := b.blockInfo
+		topNode := &blocks[top].tarjan
+		topNode.onStack = false
+
+		if top != uint(blockIndex) {
+			// The root node is not the only node in the SCC.
+			// Mark all nodes in this SCC as cyclic.
+			topNode.cyclic = true
+			for top != uint(blockIndex) {
+				top = stack[len(stack)-1]
+				stack = stack[:len(stack)-1]
+				topNode = &blocks[top].tarjan
+				topNode.onStack = false
+				topNode.cyclic = true
+			}
+		}
+
+		b.tarjanStack = stack
+	}
+}
+
+// tarjanNode holds per-block state for isInLoop and strongConnect.
+type tarjanNode struct {
+	// lowLink is the index of the first visited node that is reachable from this block.
+	// The lowLink indices are assigned by the SCC search, and do not correspond to b.Index.
+	// A lowLink of 0 is used as a sentinel to mark a node which has not yet been visited.
+	lowLink uint
+
+	// onStack tracks whether this node is currently on the SCC search stack.
+	onStack bool
+
+	// cyclic indicates whether this block is in a loop.
+	// If lowLink is 0, strongConnect must be called before reading this field.
+	cyclic bool
 }
 
 // createDefer emits a single defer instruction, to be run when this function
@@ -410,7 +477,10 @@ func (b *builder) createDefer(instr *ssa.Defer) {
 
 	// Put this struct in an allocation.
 	var alloca llvm.Value
-	if !isInLoop(instr.Block()) {
+	if instr.Block() != b.currentBlock {
+		panic("block mismatch")
+	}
+	if !b.isInLoop() {
 		// This can safely use a stack allocation.
 		alloca = llvmutil.CreateEntryBlockAlloca(b.Builder, deferredCallType, "defer.alloca")
 	} else {

compiler/gc.go

@@ -99,6 +99,9 @@ func typeHasPointers(t llvm.Type) bool {
 		}
 		return false
 	case llvm.ArrayTypeKind:
+		if t.ArrayLength() == 0 {
+			return false
+		}
 		if typeHasPointers(t.ElementType()) {
 			return true
 		}

compiler/inlineasm.go

@@ -38,10 +38,10 @@ func (b *builder) createInlineAsm(args []ssa.Value) (llvm.Value, error) {
 // provided immediately. For example:
 //
 //	arm.AsmFull(
-//	    "str {value}, {result}",
+//	    "str {value}, [{result}]",
 //	    map[string]interface{}{
-//	        "value":  1
-//	        "result": &dest,
+//	        "value":  1,
+//	        "result": uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&dest)),
 //	    })
 func (b *builder) createInlineAsmFull(instr *ssa.CallCommon) (llvm.Value, error) {
 	asmString := constant.StringVal(instr.Args[0].(*ssa.Const).Value)

compiler/interface.go

@@ -737,7 +737,7 @@ func (b *builder) createTypeAssert(expr *ssa.TypeAssert) llvm.Value {
 	prevBlock := b.GetInsertBlock()
 	okBlock := b.insertBasicBlock("typeassert.ok")
 	nextBlock := b.insertBasicBlock("typeassert.next")
-	b.blockExits[b.currentBlock] = nextBlock // adjust outgoing block for phi nodes
+	b.currentBlockInfo.exit = nextBlock // adjust outgoing block for phi nodes
 	b.CreateCondBr(commaOk, okBlock, nextBlock)
 
 	// Retrieve the value from the interface if the type assert was

compiler/intrinsics.go

@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@ func (b *builder) defineIntrinsicFunction() {
 		b.createStackSaveImpl()
 	case name == "runtime.KeepAlive":
 		b.createKeepAliveImpl()
+	case name == "machine.keepAliveNoEscape":
+		b.createMachineKeepAliveImpl()
 	case strings.HasPrefix(name, "runtime/volatile.Load"):
 		b.createVolatileLoad()
 	case strings.HasPrefix(name, "runtime/volatile.Store"):
@@ -48,19 +50,24 @@ func (b *builder) defineIntrinsicFunction() {
 // and will otherwise be lowered to regular libc memcpy/memmove calls.
 func (b *builder) createMemoryCopyImpl() {
 	b.createFunctionStart(true)
-	fnName := "llvm." + b.fn.Name() + ".p0.p0.i" + strconv.Itoa(b.uintptrType.IntTypeWidth())
+	params := b.fn.Params[0:3]
+	b.createMemCopy(
+		b.fn.Name(),
+		b.getValue(params[0], getPos(b.fn)),
+		b.getValue(params[1], getPos(b.fn)),
+		b.getValue(params[2], getPos(b.fn)),
+	)
+	b.CreateRetVoid()
+}
+
+func (b *builder) createMemCopy(kind string, dst, src, len llvm.Value) llvm.Value {
+	fnName := "llvm." + kind + ".p0.p0.i" + strconv.Itoa(b.uintptrType.IntTypeWidth())
 	llvmFn := b.mod.NamedFunction(fnName)
 	if llvmFn.IsNil() {
 		fnType := llvm.FunctionType(b.ctx.VoidType(), []llvm.Type{b.dataPtrType, b.dataPtrType, b.uintptrType, b.ctx.Int1Type()}, false)
 		llvmFn = llvm.AddFunction(b.mod, fnName, fnType)
 	}
-	var params []llvm.Value
-	for _, param := range b.fn.Params {
-		params = append(params, b.getValue(param, getPos(b.fn)))
-	}
-	params = append(params, llvm.ConstInt(b.ctx.Int1Type(), 0, false))
-	b.CreateCall(llvmFn.GlobalValueType(), llvmFn, params, "")
-	b.CreateRetVoid()
+	return b.CreateCall(llvmFn.GlobalValueType(), llvmFn, []llvm.Value{dst, src, len, llvm.ConstInt(b.ctx.Int1Type(), 0, false)}, "")
 }
 
 // createMemoryZeroImpl creates calls to llvm.memset.* to zero a block of
@@ -144,6 +151,20 @@ func (b *builder) createAbiEscapeImpl() {
 	b.CreateRet(result)
 }
 
+// Implement machine.keepAliveNoEscape, which makes sure the compiler keeps the
+// pointer parameter alive until this point (for GC).
+func (b *builder) createMachineKeepAliveImpl() {
+	b.createFunctionStart(true)
+	pointerValue := b.getValue(b.fn.Params[0], getPos(b.fn))
+
+	// See createKeepAliveImpl for details.
+	asmType := llvm.FunctionType(b.ctx.VoidType(), []llvm.Type{b.dataPtrType}, false)
+	asmFn := llvm.InlineAsm(asmType, "", "r", true, false, 0, false)
+	b.createCall(asmType, asmFn, []llvm.Value{pointerValue}, "")
+
+	b.CreateRetVoid()
+}
+
 var mathToLLVMMapping = map[string]string{
 	"math.Ceil":  "llvm.ceil.f64",
 	"math.Exp":   "llvm.exp.f64",

compiler/llvm.go

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 package compiler
 
 import (
+	"encoding/binary"
 	"fmt"
 	"go/token"
 	"go/types"
-	"math/big"
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/compileopts"
@@ -231,6 +231,12 @@ func (c *compilerContext) makeGlobalArray(buf []byte, name string, elementType l
 //
 // For details on what's in this value, see src/runtime/gc_precise.go.
 func (c *compilerContext) createObjectLayout(t llvm.Type, pos token.Pos) llvm.Value {
+	if !typeHasPointers(t) {
+		// There are no pointers in this type, so we can simplify the layout.
+		layout := (uint64(1) << 1) | 1
+		return llvm.ConstIntToPtr(llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, layout, false), c.dataPtrType)
+	}
+
 	// Use the element type for arrays. This works even for nested arrays.
 	for {
 		kind := t.TypeKind()
@@ -248,54 +254,29 @@ func (c *compilerContext) createObjectLayout(t llvm.Type, pos token.Pos) llvm.Va
 		break
 	}
 
-	// Do a few checks to see whether we need to generate any object layout
-	// information at all.
+	// Create the pointer bitmap.
 	objectSizeBytes := c.targetData.TypeAllocSize(t)
+	pointerAlignment := uint64(c.targetData.PrefTypeAlignment(c.dataPtrType))
+	bitmapLen := objectSizeBytes / pointerAlignment
+	bitmapBytes := (bitmapLen + 7) / 8
+	bitmap := make([]byte, bitmapBytes, max(bitmapBytes, 8))
+	c.buildPointerBitmap(bitmap, pointerAlignment, pos, t, 0)
+
+	// Try to encode the layout inline.
 	pointerSize := c.targetData.TypeAllocSize(c.dataPtrType)
-	pointerAlignment := c.targetData.PrefTypeAlignment(c.dataPtrType)
-	if objectSizeBytes < pointerSize {
-		// Too small to contain a pointer.
-		layout := (uint64(1) << 1) | 1
-		return llvm.ConstIntToPtr(llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, layout, false), c.dataPtrType)
-	}
-	bitmap := c.getPointerBitmap(t, pos)
-	if bitmap.BitLen() == 0 {
-		// There are no pointers in this type, so we can simplify the layout.
-		// TODO: this can be done in many other cases, e.g. when allocating an
-		// array (like [4][]byte, which repeats a slice 4 times).
-		layout := (uint64(1) << 1) | 1
-		return llvm.ConstIntToPtr(llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, layout, false), c.dataPtrType)
-	}
-	if objectSizeBytes%uint64(pointerAlignment) != 0 {
-		// This shouldn't happen except for packed structs, which aren't
-		// currently used.
-		c.addError(pos, "internal error: unexpected object size for object with pointer field")
-		return llvm.ConstNull(c.dataPtrType)
-	}
-	objectSizeWords := objectSizeBytes / uint64(pointerAlignment)
-
 	pointerBits := pointerSize * 8
-	var sizeFieldBits uint64
-	switch pointerBits {
-	case 16:
-		sizeFieldBits = 4
-	case 32:
-		sizeFieldBits = 5
-	case 64:
-		sizeFieldBits = 6
-	default:
-		panic("unknown pointer size")
-	}
-	layoutFieldBits := pointerBits - 1 - sizeFieldBits
+	if bitmapLen < pointerBits {
+		rawMask := binary.LittleEndian.Uint64(bitmap[0:8])
+		layout := rawMask*pointerBits + bitmapLen
+		layout <<= 1
+		layout |= 1
 
-	// Try to emit the value as an inline integer. This is possible in most
-	// cases.
-	if objectSizeWords < layoutFieldBits {
-		// If it can be stored directly in the pointer value, do so.
-		// The runtime knows that if the least significant bit of the pointer is
-		// set, the pointer contains the value itself.
-		layout := bitmap.Uint64()<<(sizeFieldBits+1) | (objectSizeWords << 1) | 1
-		return llvm.ConstIntToPtr(llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, layout, false), c.dataPtrType)
+		// Check if the layout fits.
+		layout &= 1<<pointerBits - 1
+		if (layout>>1)/pointerBits == rawMask {
+			// No set bits were shifted off.
+			return llvm.ConstIntToPtr(llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, layout, false), c.dataPtrType)
+		}
 	}
 
 	// Unfortunately, the object layout is too big to fit in a pointer-sized
@@ -303,25 +284,24 @@ func (c *compilerContext) createObjectLayout(t llvm.Type, pos token.Pos) llvm.Va
 
 	// Try first whether the global already exists. All objects with a
 	// particular name have the same type, so this is possible.
-	globalName := "runtime/gc.layout:" + fmt.Sprintf("%d-%0*x", objectSizeWords, (objectSizeWords+15)/16, bitmap)
+	globalName := "runtime/gc.layout:" + fmt.Sprintf("%d-%0*x", bitmapLen, (bitmapLen+15)/16, bitmap)
 	global := c.mod.NamedGlobal(globalName)
 	if !global.IsNil() {
 		return global
 	}
 
 	// Create the global initializer.
-	bitmapBytes := make([]byte, int(objectSizeWords+7)/8)
-	bitmap.FillBytes(bitmapBytes)
-	reverseBytes(bitmapBytes) // big-endian to little-endian
-	var bitmapByteValues []llvm.Value
-	for _, b := range bitmapBytes {
-		bitmapByteValues = append(bitmapByteValues, llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int8Type(), uint64(b), false))
+	bitmapByteValues := make([]llvm.Value, bitmapBytes)
+	i8 := c.ctx.Int8Type()
+	for i, b := range bitmap {
+		bitmapByteValues[i] = llvm.ConstInt(i8, uint64(b), false)
 	}
 	initializer := c.ctx.ConstStruct([]llvm.Value{
-		llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, objectSizeWords, false),
-		llvm.ConstArray(c.ctx.Int8Type(), bitmapByteValues),
+		llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, bitmapLen, false),
+		llvm.ConstArray(i8, bitmapByteValues),
 	}, false)
 
+	// Create the actual global.
 	global = llvm.AddGlobal(c.mod, initializer.Type(), globalName)
 	global.SetInitializer(initializer)
 	global.SetUnnamedAddr(true)
@@ -329,6 +309,7 @@ func (c *compilerContext) createObjectLayout(t llvm.Type, pos token.Pos) llvm.Va
 	global.SetLinkage(llvm.LinkOnceODRLinkage)
 	if c.targetData.PrefTypeAlignment(c.uintptrType) < 2 {
 		// AVR doesn't have alignment by default.
+		// The lowest bit must be unset to distinguish this from an inline layout.
 		global.SetAlignment(2)
 	}
 	if c.Debug && pos != token.NoPos {
@@ -360,52 +341,71 @@ func (c *compilerContext) createObjectLayout(t llvm.Type, pos token.Pos) llvm.Va
 	return global
 }
 
-// getPointerBitmap scans the given LLVM type for pointers and sets bits in a
-// bigint at the word offset that contains a pointer. This scan is recursive.
-func (c *compilerContext) getPointerBitmap(typ llvm.Type, pos token.Pos) *big.Int {
-	alignment := c.targetData.PrefTypeAlignment(c.dataPtrType)
-	switch typ.TypeKind() {
+// buildPointerBitmap scans the given LLVM type for pointers and sets bits in a
+// bitmap at the word offset that contains a pointer. This scan is recursive.
+func (c *compilerContext) buildPointerBitmap(
+	dst []byte,
+	ptrAlign uint64,
+	pos token.Pos,
+	t llvm.Type,
+	offset uint64,
+) {
+	switch t.TypeKind() {
 	case llvm.IntegerTypeKind, llvm.FloatTypeKind, llvm.DoubleTypeKind:
-		return big.NewInt(0)
+		// These types do not contain pointers.
+
 	case llvm.PointerTypeKind:
-		return big.NewInt(1)
+		// Set the corresponding position in the bitmap.
+		dst[offset/8] |= 1 << (offset % 8)
+
 	case llvm.StructTypeKind:
-		ptrs := big.NewInt(0)
-		for i, subtyp := range typ.StructElementTypes() {
-			subptrs := c.getPointerBitmap(subtyp, pos)
-			if subptrs.BitLen() == 0 {
+		// Recurse over struct elements.
+		for i, et := range t.StructElementTypes() {
+			eo := c.targetData.ElementOffset(t, i)
+			if eo%uint64(ptrAlign) != 0 {
+				if typeHasPointers(et) {
+					// This error will let the compilation fail, but by continuing
+					// the error can still easily be shown.
+					c.addError(pos, "internal error: allocated struct contains unaligned pointer")
+				}
 				continue
 			}
-			offset := c.targetData.ElementOffset(typ, i)
-			if offset%uint64(alignment) != 0 {
-				// This error will let the compilation fail, but by continuing
-				// the error can still easily be shown.
-				c.addError(pos, "internal error: allocated struct contains unaligned pointer")
-				continue
-			}
-			subptrs.Lsh(subptrs, uint(offset)/uint(alignment))
-			ptrs.Or(ptrs, subptrs)
+			c.buildPointerBitmap(
+				dst,
+				ptrAlign,
+				pos,
+				et,
+				offset+(eo/ptrAlign),
+			)
 		}
-		return ptrs
+
 	case llvm.ArrayTypeKind:
-		subtyp := typ.ElementType()
-		subptrs := c.getPointerBitmap(subtyp, pos)
-		ptrs := big.NewInt(0)
-		if subptrs.BitLen() == 0 {
-			return ptrs
+		// Recurse over array elements.
+		len := t.ArrayLength()
+		if len <= 0 {
+			return
 		}
-		elementSize := c.targetData.TypeAllocSize(subtyp)
-		if elementSize%uint64(alignment) != 0 {
-			// This error will let the compilation fail (but continues so that
-			// other errors can be shown).
-			c.addError(pos, "internal error: allocated array contains unaligned pointer")
-			return ptrs
+		et := t.ElementType()
+		elementSize := c.targetData.TypeAllocSize(et)
+		if elementSize%ptrAlign != 0 {
+			if typeHasPointers(et) {
+				// This error will let the compilation fail (but continues so that
+				// other errors can be shown).
+				c.addError(pos, "internal error: allocated array contains unaligned pointer")
+			}
+			return
 		}
-		for i := 0; i < typ.ArrayLength(); i++ {
-			ptrs.Lsh(ptrs, uint(elementSize)/uint(alignment))
-			ptrs.Or(ptrs, subptrs)
+		elementSize /= ptrAlign
+		for i := 0; i < len; i++ {
+			c.buildPointerBitmap(
+				dst,
+				ptrAlign,
+				pos,
+				et,
+				offset+uint64(i)*elementSize,
+			)
 		}
-		return ptrs
+
 	default:
 		// Should not happen.
 		panic("unknown LLVM type")

compiler/llvmutil/llvm.go

@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ func Version() int {
 	return major
 }
 
-// Return the byte order for the given target triple. Most targets are little
+// ByteOrder returns the byte order for the given target triple. Most targets are little
 // endian, but for example MIPS can be big-endian.
 func ByteOrder(target string) binary.ByteOrder {
 	if strings.HasPrefix(target, "mips-") {

compiler/map.go

@@ -250,6 +250,9 @@ func (b *builder) createMapIteratorNext(rangeVal ssa.Value, llvmRangeVal, it llv
 func hashmapIsBinaryKey(keyType types.Type) bool {
 	switch keyType := keyType.Underlying().(type) {
 	case *types.Basic:
+		// TODO: unsafe.Pointer is also a binary key, but to support that we
+		// need to fix an issue with interp first (see
+		// https://github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/pull/4898).
 		return keyType.Info()&(types.IsBoolean|types.IsInteger) != 0
 	case *types.Pointer:
 		return true

compiler/symbol.go

@@ -142,6 +142,11 @@ func (c *compilerContext) getFunction(fn *ssa.Function) (llvm.Type, llvm.Value)
 			nocapture := c.ctx.CreateEnumAttribute(llvm.AttributeKindID("nocapture"), 0)
 			llvmFn.AddAttributeAtIndex(i+1, nocapture)
 		}
+		if paramInfo.flags&paramIsReadonly != 0 && paramInfo.llvmType.TypeKind() == llvm.PointerTypeKind {
+			// Readonly pointer parameters (like strings) benefit from being marked as readonly.
+			readonly := c.ctx.CreateEnumAttribute(llvm.AttributeKindID("readonly"), 0)
+			llvmFn.AddAttributeAtIndex(i+1, readonly)
+		}
 	}
 
 	// Set a number of function or parameter attributes, depending on the
@@ -154,6 +159,8 @@ func (c *compilerContext) getFunction(fn *ssa.Function) (llvm.Type, llvm.Value)
 		llvmFn.AddFunctionAttr(c.ctx.CreateEnumAttribute(llvm.AttributeKindID("noreturn"), 0))
 	case "internal/abi.NoEscape":
 		llvmFn.AddAttributeAtIndex(1, c.ctx.CreateEnumAttribute(llvm.AttributeKindID("nocapture"), 0))
+	case "machine.keepAliveNoEscape", "machine.unsafeNoEscape":
+		llvmFn.AddAttributeAtIndex(1, c.ctx.CreateEnumAttribute(llvm.AttributeKindID("nocapture"), 0))
 	case "runtime.alloc":
 		// Tell the optimizer that runtime.alloc is an allocator, meaning that it
 		// returns values that are never null and never alias to an existing value.
@@ -177,12 +184,6 @@ func (c *compilerContext) getFunction(fn *ssa.Function) (llvm.Type, llvm.Value)
 		// be modified.
 		llvmFn.AddAttributeAtIndex(2, c.ctx.CreateEnumAttribute(llvm.AttributeKindID("nocapture"), 0))
 		llvmFn.AddAttributeAtIndex(2, c.ctx.CreateEnumAttribute(llvm.AttributeKindID("readonly"), 0))
-	case "runtime.sliceCopy":
-		// Copying a slice won't capture any of the parameters.
-		llvmFn.AddAttributeAtIndex(1, c.ctx.CreateEnumAttribute(llvm.AttributeKindID("writeonly"), 0))
-		llvmFn.AddAttributeAtIndex(1, c.ctx.CreateEnumAttribute(llvm.AttributeKindID("nocapture"), 0))
-		llvmFn.AddAttributeAtIndex(2, c.ctx.CreateEnumAttribute(llvm.AttributeKindID("readonly"), 0))
-		llvmFn.AddAttributeAtIndex(2, c.ctx.CreateEnumAttribute(llvm.AttributeKindID("nocapture"), 0))
 	case "runtime.stringFromBytes":
 		llvmFn.AddAttributeAtIndex(1, c.ctx.CreateEnumAttribute(llvm.AttributeKindID("nocapture"), 0))
 		llvmFn.AddAttributeAtIndex(1, c.ctx.CreateEnumAttribute(llvm.AttributeKindID("readonly"), 0))
@@ -630,7 +631,7 @@ func (c *compilerContext) addStandardAttributes(llvmFn llvm.Value) {
 // linkName is equal to .RelString(nil) on a global and extern is false, but for
 // some symbols this is different (due to //go:extern for example).
 type globalInfo struct {
-	linkName string // go:extern
+	linkName string // go:extern, go:linkname
 	extern   bool   // go:extern
 	align    int    // go:align
 	section  string // go:section
@@ -715,14 +716,14 @@ func (c *compilerContext) getGlobalInfo(g *ssa.Global) globalInfo {
 	// Check for //go: pragmas, which may change the link name (among others).
 	doc := c.astComments[info.linkName]
 	if doc != nil {
-		info.parsePragmas(doc)
+		info.parsePragmas(doc, c, g)
 	}
 	return info
 }
 
 // Parse //go: pragma comments from the source. In particular, it parses the
-// //go:extern pragma on globals.
-func (info *globalInfo) parsePragmas(doc *ast.CommentGroup) {
+// //go:extern and //go:linkname pragmas on globals.
+func (info *globalInfo) parsePragmas(doc *ast.CommentGroup, c *compilerContext, g *ssa.Global) {
 	for _, comment := range doc.List {
 		if !strings.HasPrefix(comment.Text, "//go:") {
 			continue
@@ -743,6 +744,17 @@ func (info *globalInfo) parsePragmas(doc *ast.CommentGroup) {
 			if len(parts) == 2 {
 				info.section = parts[1]
 			}
+		case "//go:linkname":
+			if len(parts) != 3 || parts[1] != g.Name() {
+				continue
+			}
+			// Only enable go:linkname when the package imports "unsafe".
+			// This is a slightly looser requirement than what gc uses: gc
+			// requires the file to import "unsafe", not the package as a
+			// whole.
+			if hasUnsafeImport(g.Pkg.Pkg) {
+				info.linkName = parts[2]
+			}
 		}
 	}
 }

compiler/syscall.go

@@ -74,6 +74,14 @@ func (b *builder) createRawSyscall(call *ssa.CallCommon) (llvm.Value, error) {
 		return b.CreateCall(fnType, target, args, ""), nil
 
 	case b.GOARCH == "arm" && b.GOOS == "linux":
+		if arch := b.archFamily(); arch != "arm" {
+			// Some targets pretend to be linux/arm for compatibility but aren't
+			// actually such a system. Make sure we emit an error instead of
+			// creating inline assembly that will fail to compile.
+			// See: https://github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/issues/4959
+			return llvm.Value{}, b.makeError(call.Pos(), "system calls are not supported: target emulates a linux/arm system on "+arch)
+		}
+
 		// Implement the EABI system call convention for Linux.
 		// Source: syscall(2) man page.
 		args := []llvm.Value{}

compiler/testdata/basic.ll

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ; ModuleID = 'basic.go'
 source_filename = "basic.go"
-target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-p10:8:8-p20:8:8-i64:64-n32:64-S128-ni:1:10:20"
+target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-p10:8:8-p20:8:8-i64:64-i128:128-n32:64-S128-ni:1:10:20"
 target triple = "wasm32-unknown-wasi"
 
 %main.kv = type { float, i32, i32, i32 }
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ entry:
   ret void
 }
 
-attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #1 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #2 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #1 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #2 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
 attributes #3 = { nounwind }

compiler/testdata/channel.ll

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ; ModuleID = 'channel.go'
 source_filename = "channel.go"
-target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-p10:8:8-p20:8:8-i64:64-n32:64-S128-ni:1:10:20"
+target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-p10:8:8-p20:8:8-i64:64-i128:128-n32:64-S128-ni:1:10:20"
 target triple = "wasm32-unknown-wasi"
 
 %runtime.channelOp = type { ptr, ptr, i32, ptr }
@@ -82,11 +82,11 @@ entry:
   store i32 1, ptr %select.send.value, align 4
   call void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 16, ptr nonnull %select.states.alloca)
   store ptr %ch1, ptr %select.states.alloca, align 4
-  %select.states.alloca.repack1 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %select.states.alloca, i32 4
+  %select.states.alloca.repack1 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %select.states.alloca, i32 4
   store ptr %select.send.value, ptr %select.states.alloca.repack1, align 4
-  %0 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %select.states.alloca, i32 8
+  %0 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %select.states.alloca, i32 8
   store ptr %ch2, ptr %0, align 4
-  %.repack3 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %select.states.alloca, i32 12
+  %.repack3 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %select.states.alloca, i32 12
   store ptr null, ptr %.repack3, align 4
   %select.result = call { i32, i1 } @runtime.chanSelect(ptr undef, ptr nonnull %select.states.alloca, i32 2, i32 2, ptr null, i32 0, i32 0, ptr undef) #4
   call void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 16, ptr nonnull %select.states.alloca)
@@ -107,8 +107,8 @@ select.body:                                      ; preds = %select.next
 
 declare { i32, i1 } @runtime.chanSelect(ptr, ptr, i32, i32, ptr, i32, i32, ptr) #1
 
-attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #1 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #2 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #1 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #2 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
 attributes #3 = { nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite) }
 attributes #4 = { nounwind }

compiler/testdata/defer-cortex-m-qemu.ll

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ entry:
   %0 = call ptr @llvm.stacksave.p0()
   call void @runtime.setupDeferFrame(ptr nonnull %deferframe.buf, ptr %0, ptr undef) #4
   store i32 0, ptr %defer.alloca, align 4
-  %defer.alloca.repack15 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %defer.alloca, i32 4
+  %defer.alloca.repack15 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %defer.alloca, i32 4
   store ptr null, ptr %defer.alloca.repack15, align 4
   store ptr %defer.alloca, ptr %deferPtr, align 4
   %setjmp = call i32 asm "\0Amovs r0, #0\0Amov r2, pc\0Astr r2, [r1, #4]", "={r0},{r1},~{r1},~{r2},~{r3},~{r4},~{r5},~{r6},~{r7},~{r8},~{r9},~{r10},~{r11},~{r12},~{lr},~{q0},~{q1},~{q2},~{q3},~{q4},~{q5},~{q6},~{q7},~{q8},~{q9},~{q10},~{q11},~{q12},~{q13},~{q14},~{q15},~{cpsr},~{memory}"(ptr nonnull %deferframe.buf) #5
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ rundefers.loophead:                               ; preds = %3, %rundefers.block
   br i1 %stackIsNil, label %rundefers.end, label %rundefers.loop
 
 rundefers.loop:                                   ; preds = %rundefers.loophead
-  %stack.next.gep = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %2, i32 4
+  %stack.next.gep = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %2, i32 4
   %stack.next = load ptr, ptr %stack.next.gep, align 4
   store ptr %stack.next, ptr %deferPtr, align 4
   %callback = load i32, ptr %2, align 4
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ rundefers.loophead6:                              ; preds = %5, %lpad
   br i1 %stackIsNil7, label %rundefers.end3, label %rundefers.loop5
 
 rundefers.loop5:                                  ; preds = %rundefers.loophead6
-  %stack.next.gep8 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %4, i32 4
+  %stack.next.gep8 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %4, i32 4
   %stack.next9 = load ptr, ptr %stack.next.gep8, align 4
   store ptr %stack.next9, ptr %deferPtr, align 4
   %callback11 = load i32, ptr %4, align 4
@@ -144,11 +144,11 @@ entry:
   %0 = call ptr @llvm.stacksave.p0()
   call void @runtime.setupDeferFrame(ptr nonnull %deferframe.buf, ptr %0, ptr undef) #4
   store i32 0, ptr %defer.alloca, align 4
-  %defer.alloca.repack22 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %defer.alloca, i32 4
+  %defer.alloca.repack22 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %defer.alloca, i32 4
   store ptr null, ptr %defer.alloca.repack22, align 4
   store ptr %defer.alloca, ptr %deferPtr, align 4
   store i32 1, ptr %defer.alloca2, align 4
-  %defer.alloca2.repack23 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %defer.alloca2, i32 4
+  %defer.alloca2.repack23 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %defer.alloca2, i32 4
   store ptr %defer.alloca, ptr %defer.alloca2.repack23, align 4
   store ptr %defer.alloca2, ptr %deferPtr, align 4
   %setjmp = call i32 asm "\0Amovs r0, #0\0Amov r2, pc\0Astr r2, [r1, #4]", "={r0},{r1},~{r1},~{r2},~{r3},~{r4},~{r5},~{r6},~{r7},~{r8},~{r9},~{r10},~{r11},~{r12},~{lr},~{q0},~{q1},~{q2},~{q3},~{q4},~{q5},~{q6},~{q7},~{q8},~{q9},~{q10},~{q11},~{q12},~{q13},~{q14},~{q15},~{cpsr},~{memory}"(ptr nonnull %deferframe.buf) #5
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ rundefers.loophead:                               ; preds = %4, %3, %rundefers.b
   br i1 %stackIsNil, label %rundefers.end, label %rundefers.loop
 
 rundefers.loop:                                   ; preds = %rundefers.loophead
-  %stack.next.gep = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %2, i32 4
+  %stack.next.gep = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %2, i32 4
   %stack.next = load ptr, ptr %stack.next.gep, align 4
   store ptr %stack.next, ptr %deferPtr, align 4
   %callback = load i32, ptr %2, align 4
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ rundefers.loophead10:                             ; preds = %7, %6, %lpad
   br i1 %stackIsNil11, label %rundefers.end7, label %rundefers.loop9
 
 rundefers.loop9:                                  ; preds = %rundefers.loophead10
-  %stack.next.gep12 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %5, i32 4
+  %stack.next.gep12 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %5, i32 4
   %stack.next13 = load ptr, ptr %stack.next.gep12, align 4
   store ptr %stack.next13, ptr %deferPtr, align 4
   %callback15 = load i32, ptr %5, align 4
@@ -270,6 +270,241 @@ entry:
   ret void
 }
 
+; Function Attrs: nounwind
+define hidden void @main.deferInfiniteLoop(ptr %context) unnamed_addr #1 {
+entry:
+  %deferPtr = alloca ptr, align 4
+  store ptr null, ptr %deferPtr, align 4
+  %deferframe.buf = alloca %runtime.deferFrame, align 4
+  %0 = call ptr @llvm.stacksave.p0()
+  call void @runtime.setupDeferFrame(ptr nonnull %deferframe.buf, ptr %0, ptr undef) #4
+  br label %for.body
+
+for.body:                                         ; preds = %for.body, %entry
+  %defer.next = load ptr, ptr %deferPtr, align 4
+  %defer.alloc.call = call dereferenceable(12) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 12, ptr null, ptr undef) #4
+  store i32 0, ptr %defer.alloc.call, align 4
+  %defer.alloc.call.repack1 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %defer.alloc.call, i32 4
+  store ptr %defer.next, ptr %defer.alloc.call.repack1, align 4
+  %defer.alloc.call.repack3 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %defer.alloc.call, i32 8
+  store i32 8, ptr %defer.alloc.call.repack3, align 4
+  store ptr %defer.alloc.call, ptr %deferPtr, align 4
+  br label %for.body
+
+recover:                                          ; preds = %rundefers.end
+  ret void
+
+lpad:                                             ; No predecessors!
+  br label %rundefers.loophead
+
+rundefers.loophead:                               ; preds = %rundefers.callback0, %lpad
+  br i1 poison, label %rundefers.end, label %rundefers.loop
+
+rundefers.loop:                                   ; preds = %rundefers.loophead
+  switch i32 poison, label %rundefers.default [
+    i32 0, label %rundefers.callback0
+  ]
+
+rundefers.callback0:                              ; preds = %rundefers.loop
+  br label %rundefers.loophead
+
+rundefers.default:                                ; preds = %rundefers.loop
+  unreachable
+
+rundefers.end:                                    ; preds = %rundefers.loophead
+  br label %recover
+}
+
+; Function Attrs: nounwind
+define hidden void @main.deferLoop(ptr %context) unnamed_addr #1 {
+entry:
+  %deferPtr = alloca ptr, align 4
+  store ptr null, ptr %deferPtr, align 4
+  %deferframe.buf = alloca %runtime.deferFrame, align 4
+  %0 = call ptr @llvm.stacksave.p0()
+  call void @runtime.setupDeferFrame(ptr nonnull %deferframe.buf, ptr %0, ptr undef) #4
+  br label %for.loop
+
+for.loop:                                         ; preds = %for.body, %entry
+  %1 = phi i32 [ 0, %entry ], [ %3, %for.body ]
+  %2 = icmp slt i32 %1, 10
+  br i1 %2, label %for.body, label %for.done
+
+for.body:                                         ; preds = %for.loop
+  %defer.next = load ptr, ptr %deferPtr, align 4
+  %defer.alloc.call = call dereferenceable(12) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 12, ptr null, ptr undef) #4
+  store i32 0, ptr %defer.alloc.call, align 4
+  %defer.alloc.call.repack13 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %defer.alloc.call, i32 4
+  store ptr %defer.next, ptr %defer.alloc.call.repack13, align 4
+  %defer.alloc.call.repack15 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %defer.alloc.call, i32 8
+  store i32 %1, ptr %defer.alloc.call.repack15, align 4
+  store ptr %defer.alloc.call, ptr %deferPtr, align 4
+  %3 = add i32 %1, 1
+  br label %for.loop
+
+for.done:                                         ; preds = %for.loop
+  br label %rundefers.block
+
+rundefers.after:                                  ; preds = %rundefers.end
+  call void @runtime.destroyDeferFrame(ptr nonnull %deferframe.buf, ptr undef) #4
+  ret void
+
+rundefers.block:                                  ; preds = %for.done
+  br label %rundefers.loophead
+
+rundefers.loophead:                               ; preds = %rundefers.callback0, %rundefers.block
+  %4 = load ptr, ptr %deferPtr, align 4
+  %stackIsNil = icmp eq ptr %4, null
+  br i1 %stackIsNil, label %rundefers.end, label %rundefers.loop
+
+rundefers.loop:                                   ; preds = %rundefers.loophead
+  %stack.next.gep = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %4, i32 4
+  %stack.next = load ptr, ptr %stack.next.gep, align 4
+  store ptr %stack.next, ptr %deferPtr, align 4
+  %callback = load i32, ptr %4, align 4
+  switch i32 %callback, label %rundefers.default [
+    i32 0, label %rundefers.callback0
+  ]
+
+rundefers.callback0:                              ; preds = %rundefers.loop
+  %gep = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %4, i32 8
+  %param = load i32, ptr %gep, align 4
+  call void @runtime.printlock(ptr undef) #4
+  call void @runtime.printint32(i32 %param, ptr undef) #4
+  call void @runtime.printunlock(ptr undef) #4
+  br label %rundefers.loophead
+
+rundefers.default:                                ; preds = %rundefers.loop
+  unreachable
+
+rundefers.end:                                    ; preds = %rundefers.loophead
+  br label %rundefers.after
+
+recover:                                          ; preds = %rundefers.end1
+  ret void
+
+lpad:                                             ; No predecessors!
+  br label %rundefers.loophead4
+
+rundefers.loophead4:                              ; preds = %rundefers.callback010, %lpad
+  br i1 poison, label %rundefers.end1, label %rundefers.loop3
+
+rundefers.loop3:                                  ; preds = %rundefers.loophead4
+  switch i32 poison, label %rundefers.default2 [
+    i32 0, label %rundefers.callback010
+  ]
+
+rundefers.callback010:                            ; preds = %rundefers.loop3
+  br label %rundefers.loophead4
+
+rundefers.default2:                               ; preds = %rundefers.loop3
+  unreachable
+
+rundefers.end1:                                   ; preds = %rundefers.loophead4
+  br label %recover
+}
+
+; Function Attrs: nounwind
+define hidden void @main.deferBetweenLoops(ptr %context) unnamed_addr #1 {
+entry:
+  %defer.alloca = alloca { i32, ptr, i32 }, align 4
+  %deferPtr = alloca ptr, align 4
+  store ptr null, ptr %deferPtr, align 4
+  %deferframe.buf = alloca %runtime.deferFrame, align 4
+  %0 = call ptr @llvm.stacksave.p0()
+  call void @runtime.setupDeferFrame(ptr nonnull %deferframe.buf, ptr %0, ptr undef) #4
+  br label %for.loop
+
+for.loop:                                         ; preds = %for.body, %entry
+  %1 = phi i32 [ 0, %entry ], [ %3, %for.body ]
+  %2 = icmp slt i32 %1, 10
+  br i1 %2, label %for.body, label %for.done
+
+for.body:                                         ; preds = %for.loop
+  %3 = add i32 %1, 1
+  br label %for.loop
+
+for.done:                                         ; preds = %for.loop
+  %defer.next = load ptr, ptr %deferPtr, align 4
+  store i32 0, ptr %defer.alloca, align 4
+  %defer.alloca.repack16 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %defer.alloca, i32 4
+  store ptr %defer.next, ptr %defer.alloca.repack16, align 4
+  %defer.alloca.repack18 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %defer.alloca, i32 8
+  store i32 1, ptr %defer.alloca.repack18, align 4
+  store ptr %defer.alloca, ptr %deferPtr, align 4
+  br label %for.loop1
+
+for.loop1:                                        ; preds = %for.body2, %for.done
+  %4 = phi i32 [ 0, %for.done ], [ %6, %for.body2 ]
+  %5 = icmp slt i32 %4, 10
+  br i1 %5, label %for.body2, label %for.done3
+
+for.body2:                                        ; preds = %for.loop1
+  %6 = add i32 %4, 1
+  br label %for.loop1
+
+for.done3:                                        ; preds = %for.loop1
+  br label %rundefers.block
+
+rundefers.after:                                  ; preds = %rundefers.end
+  call void @runtime.destroyDeferFrame(ptr nonnull %deferframe.buf, ptr undef) #4
+  ret void
+
+rundefers.block:                                  ; preds = %for.done3
+  br label %rundefers.loophead
+
+rundefers.loophead:                               ; preds = %rundefers.callback0, %rundefers.block
+  %7 = load ptr, ptr %deferPtr, align 4
+  %stackIsNil = icmp eq ptr %7, null
+  br i1 %stackIsNil, label %rundefers.end, label %rundefers.loop
+
+rundefers.loop:                                   ; preds = %rundefers.loophead
+  %stack.next.gep = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %7, i32 4
+  %stack.next = load ptr, ptr %stack.next.gep, align 4
+  store ptr %stack.next, ptr %deferPtr, align 4
+  %callback = load i32, ptr %7, align 4
+  switch i32 %callback, label %rundefers.default [
+    i32 0, label %rundefers.callback0
+  ]
+
+rundefers.callback0:                              ; preds = %rundefers.loop
+  %gep = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %7, i32 8
+  %param = load i32, ptr %gep, align 4
+  call void @runtime.printlock(ptr undef) #4
+  call void @runtime.printint32(i32 %param, ptr undef) #4
+  call void @runtime.printunlock(ptr undef) #4
+  br label %rundefers.loophead
+
+rundefers.default:                                ; preds = %rundefers.loop
+  unreachable
+
+rundefers.end:                                    ; preds = %rundefers.loophead
+  br label %rundefers.after
+
+recover:                                          ; preds = %rundefers.end4
+  ret void
+
+lpad:                                             ; No predecessors!
+  br label %rundefers.loophead7
+
+rundefers.loophead7:                              ; preds = %rundefers.callback013, %lpad
+  br i1 poison, label %rundefers.end4, label %rundefers.loop6
+
+rundefers.loop6:                                  ; preds = %rundefers.loophead7
+  switch i32 poison, label %rundefers.default5 [
+    i32 0, label %rundefers.callback013
+  ]
+
+rundefers.callback013:                            ; preds = %rundefers.loop6
+  br label %rundefers.loophead7
+
+rundefers.default5:                               ; preds = %rundefers.loop6
+  unreachable
+
+rundefers.end4:                                   ; preds = %rundefers.loophead7
+  br label %recover
+}
+
 attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+armv7-m,+hwdiv,+soft-float,+thumb-mode,-aes,-bf16,-cdecp0,-cdecp1,-cdecp2,-cdecp3,-cdecp4,-cdecp5,-cdecp6,-cdecp7,-crc,-crypto,-d32,-dotprod,-dsp,-fp-armv8,-fp-armv8d16,-fp-armv8d16sp,-fp-armv8sp,-fp16,-fp16fml,-fp64,-fpregs,-fullfp16,-hwdiv-arm,-i8mm,-lob,-mve,-mve.fp,-neon,-pacbti,-ras,-sb,-sha2,-vfp2,-vfp2sp,-vfp3,-vfp3d16,-vfp3d16sp,-vfp3sp,-vfp4,-vfp4d16,-vfp4d16sp,-vfp4sp" }
 attributes #1 = { nounwind "target-features"="+armv7-m,+hwdiv,+soft-float,+thumb-mode,-aes,-bf16,-cdecp0,-cdecp1,-cdecp2,-cdecp3,-cdecp4,-cdecp5,-cdecp6,-cdecp7,-crc,-crypto,-d32,-dotprod,-dsp,-fp-armv8,-fp-armv8d16,-fp-armv8d16sp,-fp-armv8sp,-fp16,-fp16fml,-fp64,-fpregs,-fullfp16,-hwdiv-arm,-i8mm,-lob,-mve,-mve.fp,-neon,-pacbti,-ras,-sb,-sha2,-vfp2,-vfp2sp,-vfp3,-vfp3d16,-vfp3d16sp,-vfp3sp,-vfp4,-vfp4d16,-vfp4d16sp,-vfp4sp" }
 attributes #2 = { "target-features"="+armv7-m,+hwdiv,+soft-float,+thumb-mode,-aes,-bf16,-cdecp0,-cdecp1,-cdecp2,-cdecp3,-cdecp4,-cdecp5,-cdecp6,-cdecp7,-crc,-crypto,-d32,-dotprod,-dsp,-fp-armv8,-fp-armv8d16,-fp-armv8d16sp,-fp-armv8sp,-fp16,-fp16fml,-fp64,-fpregs,-fullfp16,-hwdiv-arm,-i8mm,-lob,-mve,-mve.fp,-neon,-pacbti,-ras,-sb,-sha2,-vfp2,-vfp2sp,-vfp3,-vfp3d16,-vfp3d16sp,-vfp3sp,-vfp4,-vfp4d16,-vfp4d16sp,-vfp4sp" }

compiler/testdata/defer.go

@@ -18,3 +18,23 @@ func deferMultiple() {
 	}()
 	external()
 }
+
+func deferInfiniteLoop() {
+	for {
+		defer print(8)
+	}
+}
+
+func deferLoop() {
+	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
+		defer print(i)
+	}
+}
+
+func deferBetweenLoops() {
+	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
+	}
+	defer print(1)
+	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
+	}
+}

compiler/testdata/float.ll

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ; ModuleID = 'float.go'
 source_filename = "float.go"
-target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-p10:8:8-p20:8:8-i64:64-n32:64-S128-ni:1:10:20"
+target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-p10:8:8-p20:8:8-i64:64-i128:128-n32:64-S128-ni:1:10:20"
 target triple = "wasm32-unknown-wasi"
 
 ; Function Attrs: allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0)
@@ -93,6 +93,6 @@ entry:
   ret i8 %0
 }
 
-attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #1 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #2 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #1 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #2 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }

compiler/testdata/func.ll

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ; ModuleID = 'func.go'
 source_filename = "func.go"
-target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-p10:8:8-p20:8:8-i64:64-n32:64-S128-ni:1:10:20"
+target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-p10:8:8-p20:8:8-i64:64-i128:128-n32:64-S128-ni:1:10:20"
 target triple = "wasm32-unknown-wasi"
 
 ; Function Attrs: allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0)
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ entry:
   ret void
 }
 
-attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #1 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #2 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #1 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #2 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
 attributes #3 = { nounwind }

compiler/testdata/gc.go

@@ -24,6 +24,10 @@ var (
 		x *byte
 		y [61]uintptr
 	}
+	struct5 *struct {
+		x *byte
+		y [30]uintptr
+	}
 
 	slice1 []byte
 	slice2 []*int
@@ -58,6 +62,10 @@ func newStruct() {
 		x *byte
 		y [61]uintptr
 	})
+	struct5 = new(struct {
+		x *byte
+		y [30]uintptr
+	})
 }
 
 func newFuncValue() *func() {

compiler/testdata/gc.ll

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ; ModuleID = 'gc.go'
 source_filename = "gc.go"
-target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-p10:8:8-p20:8:8-i64:64-n32:64-S128-ni:1:10:20"
+target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-p10:8:8-p20:8:8-i64:64-i128:128-n32:64-S128-ni:1:10:20"
 target triple = "wasm32-unknown-wasi"
 
 %runtime._interface = type { ptr, ptr }
@@ -16,11 +16,12 @@ target triple = "wasm32-unknown-wasi"
 @main.struct2 = hidden global ptr null, align 4
 @main.struct3 = hidden global ptr null, align 4
 @main.struct4 = hidden global ptr null, align 4
+@main.struct5 = hidden global ptr null, align 4
 @main.slice1 = hidden global { ptr, i32, i32 } zeroinitializer, align 4
 @main.slice2 = hidden global { ptr, i32, i32 } zeroinitializer, align 4
 @main.slice3 = hidden global { ptr, i32, i32 } zeroinitializer, align 4
-@"runtime/gc.layout:62-2000000000000001" = linkonce_odr unnamed_addr constant { i32, [8 x i8] } { i32 62, [8 x i8] c"\01\00\00\00\00\00\00 " }
-@"runtime/gc.layout:62-0001" = linkonce_odr unnamed_addr constant { i32, [8 x i8] } { i32 62, [8 x i8] c"\01\00\00\00\00\00\00\00" }
+@"runtime/gc.layout:62-0100000000000020" = linkonce_odr unnamed_addr constant { i32, [8 x i8] } { i32 62, [8 x i8] c"\01\00\00\00\00\00\00 " }
+@"runtime/gc.layout:62-0100000000000000" = linkonce_odr unnamed_addr constant { i32, [8 x i8] } { i32 62, [8 x i8] c"\01\00\00\00\00\00\00\00" }
 @"reflect/types.type:basic:complex128" = linkonce_odr constant { i8, ptr } { i8 80, ptr @"reflect/types.type:pointer:basic:complex128" }, align 4
 @"reflect/types.type:pointer:basic:complex128" = linkonce_odr constant { i8, i16, ptr } { i8 -43, i16 0, ptr @"reflect/types.type:basic:complex128" }, align 4
 
@@ -80,12 +81,15 @@ entry:
   %new1 = call align 4 dereferenceable(8) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 8, ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 3 to ptr), ptr undef) #3
   call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %new1, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #3
   store ptr %new1, ptr @main.struct2, align 4
-  %new2 = call align 4 dereferenceable(248) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 248, ptr nonnull @"runtime/gc.layout:62-2000000000000001", ptr undef) #3
+  %new2 = call align 4 dereferenceable(248) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 248, ptr nonnull @"runtime/gc.layout:62-0100000000000020", ptr undef) #3
   call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %new2, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #3
   store ptr %new2, ptr @main.struct3, align 4
-  %new3 = call align 4 dereferenceable(248) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 248, ptr nonnull @"runtime/gc.layout:62-0001", ptr undef) #3
+  %new3 = call align 4 dereferenceable(248) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 248, ptr nonnull @"runtime/gc.layout:62-0100000000000000", ptr undef) #3
   call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %new3, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #3
   store ptr %new3, ptr @main.struct4, align 4
+  %new4 = call align 4 dereferenceable(124) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 124, ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 127 to ptr), ptr undef) #3
+  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %new4, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #3
+  store ptr %new4, ptr @main.struct5, align 4
   ret void
 }
 
@@ -105,18 +109,18 @@ entry:
   %makeslice = call align 1 dereferenceable(5) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 5, ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 3 to ptr), ptr undef) #3
   call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %makeslice, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #3
   store ptr %makeslice, ptr @main.slice1, align 4
-  store i32 5, ptr getelementptr inbounds (i8, ptr @main.slice1, i32 4), align 4
-  store i32 5, ptr getelementptr inbounds (i8, ptr @main.slice1, i32 8), align 4
+  store i32 5, ptr getelementptr inbounds nuw (i8, ptr @main.slice1, i32 4), align 4
+  store i32 5, ptr getelementptr inbounds nuw (i8, ptr @main.slice1, i32 8), align 4
   %makeslice1 = call align 4 dereferenceable(20) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 20, ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 67 to ptr), ptr undef) #3
   call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %makeslice1, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #3
   store ptr %makeslice1, ptr @main.slice2, align 4
-  store i32 5, ptr getelementptr inbounds (i8, ptr @main.slice2, i32 4), align 4
-  store i32 5, ptr getelementptr inbounds (i8, ptr @main.slice2, i32 8), align 4
+  store i32 5, ptr getelementptr inbounds nuw (i8, ptr @main.slice2, i32 4), align 4
+  store i32 5, ptr getelementptr inbounds nuw (i8, ptr @main.slice2, i32 8), align 4
   %makeslice3 = call align 4 dereferenceable(60) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 60, ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 71 to ptr), ptr undef) #3
   call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %makeslice3, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #3
   store ptr %makeslice3, ptr @main.slice3, align 4
-  store i32 5, ptr getelementptr inbounds (i8, ptr @main.slice3, i32 4), align 4
-  store i32 5, ptr getelementptr inbounds (i8, ptr @main.slice3, i32 8), align 4
+  store i32 5, ptr getelementptr inbounds nuw (i8, ptr @main.slice3, i32 4), align 4
+  store i32 5, ptr getelementptr inbounds nuw (i8, ptr @main.slice3, i32 8), align 4
   ret void
 }
 
@@ -127,7 +131,7 @@ entry:
   %0 = call align 8 dereferenceable(16) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 16, ptr null, ptr undef) #3
   call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %0, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #3
   store double %v.r, ptr %0, align 8
-  %.repack1 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %0, i32 8
+  %.repack1 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %0, i32 8
   store double %v.i, ptr %.repack1, align 8
   %1 = insertvalue %runtime._interface { ptr @"reflect/types.type:basic:complex128", ptr undef }, ptr %0, 1
   call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull @"reflect/types.type:basic:complex128", ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #3
@@ -135,7 +139,7 @@ entry:
   ret %runtime._interface %1
 }
 
-attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #1 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #2 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #1 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #2 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
 attributes #3 = { nounwind }

compiler/testdata/go1.20.ll

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ; ModuleID = 'go1.20.go'
 source_filename = "go1.20.go"
-target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-p10:8:8-p20:8:8-i64:64-n32:64-S128-ni:1:10:20"
+target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-p10:8:8-p20:8:8-i64:64-i128:128-n32:64-S128-ni:1:10:20"
 target triple = "wasm32-unknown-wasi"
 
 %runtime._string = type { ptr, i32 }
@@ -50,14 +50,14 @@ unsafe.String.throw:                              ; preds = %entry
 declare void @runtime.unsafeSlicePanic(ptr) #1
 
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
-define hidden ptr @main.unsafeStringData(ptr %s.data, i32 %s.len, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
+define hidden ptr @main.unsafeStringData(ptr readonly %s.data, i32 %s.len, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
 entry:
   %stackalloc = alloca i8, align 1
   call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr %s.data, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #3
   ret ptr %s.data
 }
 
-attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #1 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #2 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #1 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #2 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
 attributes #3 = { nounwind }

compiler/testdata/go1.21.ll

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ; ModuleID = 'go1.21.go'
 source_filename = "go1.21.go"
-target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-p10:8:8-p20:8:8-i64:64-n32:64-S128-ni:1:10:20"
+target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-p10:8:8-p20:8:8-i64:64-i128:128-n32:64-S128-ni:1:10:20"
 target triple = "wasm32-unknown-wasi"
 
 %runtime._string = type { ptr, i32 }
@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@ entry:
   ret i32 %a
 }
 
+; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind speculatable willreturn memory(none)
+declare i32 @llvm.smin.i32(i32, i32) #3
+
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
 define hidden i32 @main.min2(i32 %a, i32 %b, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
 entry:
@@ -53,6 +56,9 @@ entry:
   ret i8 %0
 }
 
+; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind speculatable willreturn memory(none)
+declare i8 @llvm.umin.i8(i8, i8) #3
+
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
 define hidden i32 @main.minUnsigned(i32 %a, i32 %b, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
 entry:
@@ -60,24 +66,31 @@ entry:
   ret i32 %0
 }
 
+; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind speculatable willreturn memory(none)
+declare i32 @llvm.umin.i32(i32, i32) #3
+
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
 define hidden float @main.minFloat32(float %a, float %b, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
 entry:
-  %0 = fcmp olt float %a, %b
-  %1 = select i1 %0, float %a, float %b
-  ret float %1
+  %0 = call float @llvm.minimum.f32(float %a, float %b)
+  ret float %0
 }
 
+; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind speculatable willreturn memory(none)
+declare float @llvm.minimum.f32(float, float) #3
+
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
 define hidden double @main.minFloat64(double %a, double %b, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
 entry:
-  %0 = fcmp olt double %a, %b
-  %1 = select i1 %0, double %a, double %b
-  ret double %1
+  %0 = call double @llvm.minimum.f64(double %a, double %b)
+  ret double %0
 }
 
+; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind speculatable willreturn memory(none)
+declare double @llvm.minimum.f64(double, double) #3
+
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
-define hidden %runtime._string @main.minString(ptr %a.data, i32 %a.len, ptr %b.data, i32 %b.len, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
+define hidden %runtime._string @main.minString(ptr readonly %a.data, i32 %a.len, ptr readonly %b.data, i32 %b.len, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
 entry:
   %0 = insertvalue %runtime._string zeroinitializer, ptr %a.data, 0
   %1 = insertvalue %runtime._string %0, i32 %a.len, 1
@@ -86,12 +99,12 @@ entry:
   %stackalloc = alloca i8, align 1
   %4 = call i1 @runtime.stringLess(ptr %a.data, i32 %a.len, ptr %b.data, i32 %b.len, ptr undef) #5
   %5 = select i1 %4, %runtime._string %1, %runtime._string %3
-  %6 = extractvalue %runtime._string %5, 0
+  %6 = select i1 %4, ptr %a.data, ptr %b.data
   call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr %6, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #5
   ret %runtime._string %5
 }
 
-declare i1 @runtime.stringLess(ptr, i32, ptr, i32, ptr) #1
+declare i1 @runtime.stringLess(ptr readonly, i32, ptr readonly, i32, ptr) #1
 
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
 define hidden i32 @main.maxInt(i32 %a, i32 %b, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
@@ -100,6 +113,9 @@ entry:
   ret i32 %0
 }
 
+; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind speculatable willreturn memory(none)
+declare i32 @llvm.smax.i32(i32, i32) #3
+
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
 define hidden i32 @main.maxUint(i32 %a, i32 %b, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
 entry:
@@ -107,16 +123,21 @@ entry:
   ret i32 %0
 }
 
+; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind speculatable willreturn memory(none)
+declare i32 @llvm.umax.i32(i32, i32) #3
+
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
 define hidden float @main.maxFloat32(float %a, float %b, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
 entry:
-  %0 = fcmp ogt float %a, %b
-  %1 = select i1 %0, float %a, float %b
-  ret float %1
+  %0 = call float @llvm.maximum.f32(float %a, float %b)
+  ret float %0
 }
 
+; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind speculatable willreturn memory(none)
+declare float @llvm.maximum.f32(float, float) #3
+
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
-define hidden %runtime._string @main.maxString(ptr %a.data, i32 %a.len, ptr %b.data, i32 %b.len, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
+define hidden %runtime._string @main.maxString(ptr readonly %a.data, i32 %a.len, ptr readonly %b.data, i32 %b.len, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
 entry:
   %0 = insertvalue %runtime._string zeroinitializer, ptr %a.data, 0
   %1 = insertvalue %runtime._string %0, i32 %a.len, 1
@@ -125,7 +146,7 @@ entry:
   %stackalloc = alloca i8, align 1
   %4 = call i1 @runtime.stringLess(ptr %b.data, i32 %b.len, ptr %a.data, i32 %a.len, ptr undef) #5
   %5 = select i1 %4, %runtime._string %1, %runtime._string %3
-  %6 = extractvalue %runtime._string %5, 0
+  %6 = select i1 %4, ptr %a.data, ptr %b.data
   call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr %6, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #5
   ret %runtime._string %5
 }
@@ -139,7 +160,7 @@ entry:
 }
 
 ; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: write)
-declare void @llvm.memset.p0.i32(ptr nocapture writeonly, i8, i32, i1 immarg) #3
+declare void @llvm.memset.p0.i32(ptr nocapture writeonly, i8, i32, i1 immarg) #4
 
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
 define hidden void @main.clearZeroSizedSlice(ptr %s.data, i32 %s.len, i32 %s.cap, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
@@ -156,24 +177,9 @@ entry:
 
 declare void @runtime.hashmapClear(ptr dereferenceable_or_null(40), ptr) #1
 
-; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind speculatable willreturn memory(none)
-declare i32 @llvm.smin.i32(i32, i32) #4
-
-; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind speculatable willreturn memory(none)
-declare i8 @llvm.umin.i8(i8, i8) #4
-
-; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind speculatable willreturn memory(none)
-declare i32 @llvm.umin.i32(i32, i32) #4
-
-; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind speculatable willreturn memory(none)
-declare i32 @llvm.smax.i32(i32, i32) #4
-
-; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind speculatable willreturn memory(none)
-declare i32 @llvm.umax.i32(i32, i32) #4
-
-attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #1 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #2 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #3 = { nocallback nofree nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: write) }
-attributes #4 = { nocallback nofree nosync nounwind speculatable willreturn memory(none) }
+attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #1 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #2 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #3 = { nocallback nofree nosync nounwind speculatable willreturn memory(none) }
+attributes #4 = { nocallback nofree nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: write) }
 attributes #5 = { nounwind }

compiler/testdata/goroutine-cortex-m-qemu-tasks.ll

@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ entry:
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
 define hidden void @main.regularFunctionGoroutine(ptr %context) unnamed_addr #1 {
 entry:
-  %stacksize = call i32 @"internal/task.getGoroutineStackSize"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @"main.regularFunction$gowrapper" to i32), ptr undef) #9
-  call void @"internal/task.start"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @"main.regularFunction$gowrapper" to i32), ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 5 to ptr), i32 %stacksize, ptr undef) #9
+  %stacksize = call i32 @"internal/task.getGoroutineStackSize"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @"main.regularFunction$gowrapper" to i32), ptr undef) #11
+  call void @"internal/task.start"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @"main.regularFunction$gowrapper" to i32), ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 5 to ptr), i32 %stacksize, ptr undef) #11
   ret void
 }
 
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ declare void @main.regularFunction(i32, ptr) #2
 define linkonce_odr void @"main.regularFunction$gowrapper"(ptr %0) unnamed_addr #3 {
 entry:
   %unpack.int = ptrtoint ptr %0 to i32
-  call void @main.regularFunction(i32 %unpack.int, ptr undef) #9
+  call void @main.regularFunction(i32 %unpack.int, ptr undef) #11
   ret void
 }
 
@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@ declare void @"internal/task.start"(i32, ptr, i32, ptr) #2
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
 define hidden void @main.inlineFunctionGoroutine(ptr %context) unnamed_addr #1 {
 entry:
-  %stacksize = call i32 @"internal/task.getGoroutineStackSize"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @"main.inlineFunctionGoroutine$1$gowrapper" to i32), ptr undef) #9
-  call void @"internal/task.start"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @"main.inlineFunctionGoroutine$1$gowrapper" to i32), ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 5 to ptr), i32 %stacksize, ptr undef) #9
+  %stacksize = call i32 @"internal/task.getGoroutineStackSize"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @"main.inlineFunctionGoroutine$1$gowrapper" to i32), ptr undef) #11
+  call void @"internal/task.start"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @"main.inlineFunctionGoroutine$1$gowrapper" to i32), ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 5 to ptr), i32 %stacksize, ptr undef) #11
   ret void
 }
 
@@ -61,18 +61,18 @@ entry:
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
 define hidden void @main.closureFunctionGoroutine(ptr %context) unnamed_addr #1 {
 entry:
-  %n = call align 4 dereferenceable(4) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 4, ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 3 to ptr), ptr undef) #9
+  %n = call align 4 dereferenceable(4) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 4, ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 3 to ptr), ptr undef) #11
   store i32 3, ptr %n, align 4
-  %0 = call align 4 dereferenceable(8) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 8, ptr null, ptr undef) #9
+  %0 = call align 4 dereferenceable(8) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 8, ptr null, ptr undef) #11
   store i32 5, ptr %0, align 4
-  %1 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %0, i32 4
+  %1 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %0, i32 4
   store ptr %n, ptr %1, align 4
-  %stacksize = call i32 @"internal/task.getGoroutineStackSize"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @"main.closureFunctionGoroutine$1$gowrapper" to i32), ptr undef) #9
-  call void @"internal/task.start"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @"main.closureFunctionGoroutine$1$gowrapper" to i32), ptr nonnull %0, i32 %stacksize, ptr undef) #9
+  %stacksize = call i32 @"internal/task.getGoroutineStackSize"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @"main.closureFunctionGoroutine$1$gowrapper" to i32), ptr undef) #11
+  call void @"internal/task.start"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @"main.closureFunctionGoroutine$1$gowrapper" to i32), ptr nonnull %0, i32 %stacksize, ptr undef) #11
   %2 = load i32, ptr %n, align 4
-  call void @runtime.printlock(ptr undef) #9
-  call void @runtime.printint32(i32 %2, ptr undef) #9
-  call void @runtime.printunlock(ptr undef) #9
+  call void @runtime.printlock(ptr undef) #11
+  call void @runtime.printint32(i32 %2, ptr undef) #11
+  call void @runtime.printunlock(ptr undef) #11
   ret void
 }
 
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ entry:
 define linkonce_odr void @"main.closureFunctionGoroutine$1$gowrapper"(ptr %0) unnamed_addr #5 {
 entry:
   %1 = load i32, ptr %0, align 4
-  %2 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %0, i32 4
+  %2 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %0, i32 4
   %3 = load ptr, ptr %2, align 4
   call void @"main.closureFunctionGoroutine$1"(i32 %1, ptr %3)
   ret void
@@ -102,14 +102,14 @@ declare void @runtime.printunlock(ptr) #2
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
 define hidden void @main.funcGoroutine(ptr %fn.context, ptr %fn.funcptr, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #1 {
 entry:
-  %0 = call align 4 dereferenceable(12) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 12, ptr null, ptr undef) #9
+  %0 = call align 4 dereferenceable(12) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 12, ptr null, ptr undef) #11
   store i32 5, ptr %0, align 4
-  %1 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %0, i32 4
+  %1 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %0, i32 4
   store ptr %fn.context, ptr %1, align 4
-  %2 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %0, i32 8
+  %2 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %0, i32 8
   store ptr %fn.funcptr, ptr %2, align 4
-  %stacksize = call i32 @"internal/task.getGoroutineStackSize"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @main.funcGoroutine.gowrapper to i32), ptr undef) #9
-  call void @"internal/task.start"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @main.funcGoroutine.gowrapper to i32), ptr nonnull %0, i32 %stacksize, ptr undef) #9
+  %stacksize = call i32 @"internal/task.getGoroutineStackSize"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @main.funcGoroutine.gowrapper to i32), ptr undef) #11
+  call void @"internal/task.start"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @main.funcGoroutine.gowrapper to i32), ptr nonnull %0, i32 %stacksize, ptr undef) #11
   ret void
 }
 
@@ -117,11 +117,11 @@ entry:
 define linkonce_odr void @main.funcGoroutine.gowrapper(ptr %0) unnamed_addr #6 {
 entry:
   %1 = load i32, ptr %0, align 4
-  %2 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %0, i32 4
+  %2 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %0, i32 4
   %3 = load ptr, ptr %2, align 4
-  %4 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %0, i32 8
+  %4 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %0, i32 8
   %5 = load ptr, ptr %4, align 4
-  call void %5(i32 %1, ptr %3) #9
+  call void %5(i32 %1, ptr %3) #11
   ret void
 }
 
@@ -134,16 +134,21 @@ entry:
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
 define hidden void @main.copyBuiltinGoroutine(ptr %dst.data, i32 %dst.len, i32 %dst.cap, ptr %src.data, i32 %src.len, i32 %src.cap, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #1 {
 entry:
-  %copy.n = call i32 @runtime.sliceCopy(ptr %dst.data, ptr %src.data, i32 %dst.len, i32 %src.len, i32 1, ptr undef) #9
+  %copy.n = call i32 @llvm.umin.i32(i32 %dst.len, i32 %src.len)
+  call void @llvm.memmove.p0.p0.i32(ptr align 1 %dst.data, ptr align 1 %src.data, i32 %copy.n, i1 false)
   ret void
 }
 
-declare i32 @runtime.sliceCopy(ptr nocapture writeonly, ptr nocapture readonly, i32, i32, i32, ptr) #2
+; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind speculatable willreturn memory(none)
+declare i32 @llvm.umin.i32(i32, i32) #7
+
+; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite)
+declare void @llvm.memmove.p0.p0.i32(ptr nocapture writeonly, ptr nocapture readonly, i32, i1 immarg) #8
 
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
 define hidden void @main.closeBuiltinGoroutine(ptr dereferenceable_or_null(36) %ch, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #1 {
 entry:
-  call void @runtime.chanClose(ptr %ch, ptr undef) #9
+  call void @runtime.chanClose(ptr %ch, ptr undef) #11
   ret void
 }
 
@@ -152,32 +157,32 @@ declare void @runtime.chanClose(ptr dereferenceable_or_null(36), ptr) #2
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
 define hidden void @main.startInterfaceMethod(ptr %itf.typecode, ptr %itf.value, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #1 {
 entry:
-  %0 = call align 4 dereferenceable(16) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 16, ptr null, ptr undef) #9
+  %0 = call align 4 dereferenceable(16) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 16, ptr null, ptr undef) #11
   store ptr %itf.value, ptr %0, align 4
-  %1 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %0, i32 4
+  %1 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %0, i32 4
   store ptr @"main$string", ptr %1, align 4
-  %2 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %0, i32 8
+  %2 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %0, i32 8
   store i32 4, ptr %2, align 4
-  %3 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %0, i32 12
+  %3 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %0, i32 12
   store ptr %itf.typecode, ptr %3, align 4
-  %stacksize = call i32 @"internal/task.getGoroutineStackSize"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @"interface:{Print:func:{basic:string}{}}.Print$invoke$gowrapper" to i32), ptr undef) #9
-  call void @"internal/task.start"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @"interface:{Print:func:{basic:string}{}}.Print$invoke$gowrapper" to i32), ptr nonnull %0, i32 %stacksize, ptr undef) #9
+  %stacksize = call i32 @"internal/task.getGoroutineStackSize"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @"interface:{Print:func:{basic:string}{}}.Print$invoke$gowrapper" to i32), ptr undef) #11
+  call void @"internal/task.start"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @"interface:{Print:func:{basic:string}{}}.Print$invoke$gowrapper" to i32), ptr nonnull %0, i32 %stacksize, ptr undef) #11
   ret void
 }
 
-declare void @"interface:{Print:func:{basic:string}{}}.Print$invoke"(ptr, ptr, i32, ptr, ptr) #7
+declare void @"interface:{Print:func:{basic:string}{}}.Print$invoke"(ptr, ptr, i32, ptr, ptr) #9
 
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
-define linkonce_odr void @"interface:{Print:func:{basic:string}{}}.Print$invoke$gowrapper"(ptr %0) unnamed_addr #8 {
+define linkonce_odr void @"interface:{Print:func:{basic:string}{}}.Print$invoke$gowrapper"(ptr %0) unnamed_addr #10 {
 entry:
   %1 = load ptr, ptr %0, align 4
-  %2 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %0, i32 4
+  %2 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %0, i32 4
   %3 = load ptr, ptr %2, align 4
-  %4 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %0, i32 8
+  %4 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %0, i32 8
   %5 = load i32, ptr %4, align 4
-  %6 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %0, i32 12
+  %6 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %0, i32 12
   %7 = load ptr, ptr %6, align 4
-  call void @"interface:{Print:func:{basic:string}{}}.Print$invoke"(ptr %1, ptr %3, i32 %5, ptr %7, ptr undef) #9
+  call void @"interface:{Print:func:{basic:string}{}}.Print$invoke"(ptr %1, ptr %3, i32 %5, ptr %7, ptr undef) #11
   ret void
 }
 
@@ -188,6 +193,8 @@ attributes #3 = { nounwind "target-features"="+armv7-m,+hwdiv,+soft-float,+thumb
 attributes #4 = { nounwind "target-features"="+armv7-m,+hwdiv,+soft-float,+thumb-mode,-aes,-bf16,-cdecp0,-cdecp1,-cdecp2,-cdecp3,-cdecp4,-cdecp5,-cdecp6,-cdecp7,-crc,-crypto,-d32,-dotprod,-dsp,-fp-armv8,-fp-armv8d16,-fp-armv8d16sp,-fp-armv8sp,-fp16,-fp16fml,-fp64,-fpregs,-fullfp16,-hwdiv-arm,-i8mm,-lob,-mve,-mve.fp,-neon,-pacbti,-ras,-sb,-sha2,-vfp2,-vfp2sp,-vfp3,-vfp3d16,-vfp3d16sp,-vfp3sp,-vfp4,-vfp4d16,-vfp4d16sp,-vfp4sp" "tinygo-gowrapper"="main.inlineFunctionGoroutine$1" }
 attributes #5 = { nounwind "target-features"="+armv7-m,+hwdiv,+soft-float,+thumb-mode,-aes,-bf16,-cdecp0,-cdecp1,-cdecp2,-cdecp3,-cdecp4,-cdecp5,-cdecp6,-cdecp7,-crc,-crypto,-d32,-dotprod,-dsp,-fp-armv8,-fp-armv8d16,-fp-armv8d16sp,-fp-armv8sp,-fp16,-fp16fml,-fp64,-fpregs,-fullfp16,-hwdiv-arm,-i8mm,-lob,-mve,-mve.fp,-neon,-pacbti,-ras,-sb,-sha2,-vfp2,-vfp2sp,-vfp3,-vfp3d16,-vfp3d16sp,-vfp3sp,-vfp4,-vfp4d16,-vfp4d16sp,-vfp4sp" "tinygo-gowrapper"="main.closureFunctionGoroutine$1" }
 attributes #6 = { nounwind "target-features"="+armv7-m,+hwdiv,+soft-float,+thumb-mode,-aes,-bf16,-cdecp0,-cdecp1,-cdecp2,-cdecp3,-cdecp4,-cdecp5,-cdecp6,-cdecp7,-crc,-crypto,-d32,-dotprod,-dsp,-fp-armv8,-fp-armv8d16,-fp-armv8d16sp,-fp-armv8sp,-fp16,-fp16fml,-fp64,-fpregs,-fullfp16,-hwdiv-arm,-i8mm,-lob,-mve,-mve.fp,-neon,-pacbti,-ras,-sb,-sha2,-vfp2,-vfp2sp,-vfp3,-vfp3d16,-vfp3d16sp,-vfp3sp,-vfp4,-vfp4d16,-vfp4d16sp,-vfp4sp" "tinygo-gowrapper" }
-attributes #7 = { "target-features"="+armv7-m,+hwdiv,+soft-float,+thumb-mode,-aes,-bf16,-cdecp0,-cdecp1,-cdecp2,-cdecp3,-cdecp4,-cdecp5,-cdecp6,-cdecp7,-crc,-crypto,-d32,-dotprod,-dsp,-fp-armv8,-fp-armv8d16,-fp-armv8d16sp,-fp-armv8sp,-fp16,-fp16fml,-fp64,-fpregs,-fullfp16,-hwdiv-arm,-i8mm,-lob,-mve,-mve.fp,-neon,-pacbti,-ras,-sb,-sha2,-vfp2,-vfp2sp,-vfp3,-vfp3d16,-vfp3d16sp,-vfp3sp,-vfp4,-vfp4d16,-vfp4d16sp,-vfp4sp" "tinygo-invoke"="reflect/methods.Print(string)" "tinygo-methods"="reflect/methods.Print(string)" }
-attributes #8 = { nounwind "target-features"="+armv7-m,+hwdiv,+soft-float,+thumb-mode,-aes,-bf16,-cdecp0,-cdecp1,-cdecp2,-cdecp3,-cdecp4,-cdecp5,-cdecp6,-cdecp7,-crc,-crypto,-d32,-dotprod,-dsp,-fp-armv8,-fp-armv8d16,-fp-armv8d16sp,-fp-armv8sp,-fp16,-fp16fml,-fp64,-fpregs,-fullfp16,-hwdiv-arm,-i8mm,-lob,-mve,-mve.fp,-neon,-pacbti,-ras,-sb,-sha2,-vfp2,-vfp2sp,-vfp3,-vfp3d16,-vfp3d16sp,-vfp3sp,-vfp4,-vfp4d16,-vfp4d16sp,-vfp4sp" "tinygo-gowrapper"="interface:{Print:func:{basic:string}{}}.Print$invoke" }
-attributes #9 = { nounwind }
+attributes #7 = { nocallback nofree nosync nounwind speculatable willreturn memory(none) }
+attributes #8 = { nocallback nofree nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite) }
+attributes #9 = { "target-features"="+armv7-m,+hwdiv,+soft-float,+thumb-mode,-aes,-bf16,-cdecp0,-cdecp1,-cdecp2,-cdecp3,-cdecp4,-cdecp5,-cdecp6,-cdecp7,-crc,-crypto,-d32,-dotprod,-dsp,-fp-armv8,-fp-armv8d16,-fp-armv8d16sp,-fp-armv8sp,-fp16,-fp16fml,-fp64,-fpregs,-fullfp16,-hwdiv-arm,-i8mm,-lob,-mve,-mve.fp,-neon,-pacbti,-ras,-sb,-sha2,-vfp2,-vfp2sp,-vfp3,-vfp3d16,-vfp3d16sp,-vfp3sp,-vfp4,-vfp4d16,-vfp4d16sp,-vfp4sp" "tinygo-invoke"="reflect/methods.Print(string)" "tinygo-methods"="reflect/methods.Print(string)" }
+attributes #10 = { nounwind "target-features"="+armv7-m,+hwdiv,+soft-float,+thumb-mode,-aes,-bf16,-cdecp0,-cdecp1,-cdecp2,-cdecp3,-cdecp4,-cdecp5,-cdecp6,-cdecp7,-crc,-crypto,-d32,-dotprod,-dsp,-fp-armv8,-fp-armv8d16,-fp-armv8d16sp,-fp-armv8sp,-fp16,-fp16fml,-fp64,-fpregs,-fullfp16,-hwdiv-arm,-i8mm,-lob,-mve,-mve.fp,-neon,-pacbti,-ras,-sb,-sha2,-vfp2,-vfp2sp,-vfp3,-vfp3d16,-vfp3d16sp,-vfp3sp,-vfp4,-vfp4d16,-vfp4d16sp,-vfp4sp" "tinygo-gowrapper"="interface:{Print:func:{basic:string}{}}.Print$invoke" }
+attributes #11 = { nounwind }

compiler/testdata/goroutine-wasm-asyncify.ll

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ; ModuleID = 'goroutine.go'
 source_filename = "goroutine.go"
-target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-p10:8:8-p20:8:8-i64:64-n32:64-S128-ni:1:10:20"
+target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-p10:8:8-p20:8:8-i64:64-i128:128-n32:64-S128-ni:1:10:20"
 target triple = "wasm32-unknown-wasi"
 
 @"main$string" = internal unnamed_addr constant [4 x i8] c"test", align 1
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ entry:
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
 define hidden void @main.regularFunctionGoroutine(ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
 entry:
-  call void @"internal/task.start"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @"main.regularFunction$gowrapper" to i32), ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 5 to ptr), i32 65536, ptr undef) #9
+  call void @"internal/task.start"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @"main.regularFunction$gowrapper" to i32), ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 5 to ptr), i32 65536, ptr undef) #11
   ret void
 }
 
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ declare void @runtime.deadlock(ptr) #1
 define linkonce_odr void @"main.regularFunction$gowrapper"(ptr %0) unnamed_addr #3 {
 entry:
   %unpack.int = ptrtoint ptr %0 to i32
-  call void @main.regularFunction(i32 %unpack.int, ptr undef) #9
-  call void @runtime.deadlock(ptr undef) #9
+  call void @main.regularFunction(i32 %unpack.int, ptr undef) #11
+  call void @runtime.deadlock(ptr undef) #11
   unreachable
 }
 
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ declare void @"internal/task.start"(i32, ptr, i32, ptr) #1
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
 define hidden void @main.inlineFunctionGoroutine(ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
 entry:
-  call void @"internal/task.start"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @"main.inlineFunctionGoroutine$1$gowrapper" to i32), ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 5 to ptr), i32 65536, ptr undef) #9
+  call void @"internal/task.start"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @"main.inlineFunctionGoroutine$1$gowrapper" to i32), ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 5 to ptr), i32 65536, ptr undef) #11
   ret void
 }
 
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ define linkonce_odr void @"main.inlineFunctionGoroutine$1$gowrapper"(ptr %0) unn
 entry:
   %unpack.int = ptrtoint ptr %0 to i32
   call void @"main.inlineFunctionGoroutine$1"(i32 %unpack.int, ptr undef)
-  call void @runtime.deadlock(ptr undef) #9
+  call void @runtime.deadlock(ptr undef) #11
   unreachable
 }
 
@@ -64,21 +64,21 @@ entry:
 define hidden void @main.closureFunctionGoroutine(ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
 entry:
   %stackalloc = alloca i8, align 1
-  %n = call align 4 dereferenceable(4) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 4, ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 3 to ptr), ptr undef) #9
-  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %n, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #9
+  %n = call align 4 dereferenceable(4) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 4, ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 3 to ptr), ptr undef) #11
+  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %n, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #11
   store i32 3, ptr %n, align 4
-  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %n, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #9
-  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull @"main.closureFunctionGoroutine$1", ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #9
-  %0 = call align 4 dereferenceable(8) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 8, ptr null, ptr undef) #9
-  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %0, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #9
+  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %n, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #11
+  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull @"main.closureFunctionGoroutine$1", ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #11
+  %0 = call align 4 dereferenceable(8) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 8, ptr null, ptr undef) #11
+  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %0, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #11
   store i32 5, ptr %0, align 4
-  %1 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %0, i32 4
+  %1 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %0, i32 4
   store ptr %n, ptr %1, align 4
-  call void @"internal/task.start"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @"main.closureFunctionGoroutine$1$gowrapper" to i32), ptr nonnull %0, i32 65536, ptr undef) #9
+  call void @"internal/task.start"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @"main.closureFunctionGoroutine$1$gowrapper" to i32), ptr nonnull %0, i32 65536, ptr undef) #11
   %2 = load i32, ptr %n, align 4
-  call void @runtime.printlock(ptr undef) #9
-  call void @runtime.printint32(i32 %2, ptr undef) #9
-  call void @runtime.printunlock(ptr undef) #9
+  call void @runtime.printlock(ptr undef) #11
+  call void @runtime.printint32(i32 %2, ptr undef) #11
+  call void @runtime.printunlock(ptr undef) #11
   ret void
 }
 
@@ -93,10 +93,10 @@ entry:
 define linkonce_odr void @"main.closureFunctionGoroutine$1$gowrapper"(ptr %0) unnamed_addr #5 {
 entry:
   %1 = load i32, ptr %0, align 4
-  %2 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %0, i32 4
+  %2 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %0, i32 4
   %3 = load ptr, ptr %2, align 4
   call void @"main.closureFunctionGoroutine$1"(i32 %1, ptr %3)
-  call void @runtime.deadlock(ptr undef) #9
+  call void @runtime.deadlock(ptr undef) #11
   unreachable
 }
 
@@ -110,14 +110,14 @@ declare void @runtime.printunlock(ptr) #1
 define hidden void @main.funcGoroutine(ptr %fn.context, ptr %fn.funcptr, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
 entry:
   %stackalloc = alloca i8, align 1
-  %0 = call align 4 dereferenceable(12) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 12, ptr null, ptr undef) #9
-  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %0, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #9
+  %0 = call align 4 dereferenceable(12) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 12, ptr null, ptr undef) #11
+  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %0, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #11
   store i32 5, ptr %0, align 4
-  %1 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %0, i32 4
+  %1 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %0, i32 4
   store ptr %fn.context, ptr %1, align 4
-  %2 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %0, i32 8
+  %2 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %0, i32 8
   store ptr %fn.funcptr, ptr %2, align 4
-  call void @"internal/task.start"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @main.funcGoroutine.gowrapper to i32), ptr nonnull %0, i32 65536, ptr undef) #9
+  call void @"internal/task.start"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @main.funcGoroutine.gowrapper to i32), ptr nonnull %0, i32 65536, ptr undef) #11
   ret void
 }
 
@@ -125,12 +125,12 @@ entry:
 define linkonce_odr void @main.funcGoroutine.gowrapper(ptr %0) unnamed_addr #6 {
 entry:
   %1 = load i32, ptr %0, align 4
-  %2 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %0, i32 4
+  %2 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %0, i32 4
   %3 = load ptr, ptr %2, align 4
-  %4 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %0, i32 8
+  %4 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %0, i32 8
   %5 = load ptr, ptr %4, align 4
-  call void %5(i32 %1, ptr %3) #9
-  call void @runtime.deadlock(ptr undef) #9
+  call void %5(i32 %1, ptr %3) #11
+  call void @runtime.deadlock(ptr undef) #11
   unreachable
 }
 
@@ -143,16 +143,21 @@ entry:
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
 define hidden void @main.copyBuiltinGoroutine(ptr %dst.data, i32 %dst.len, i32 %dst.cap, ptr %src.data, i32 %src.len, i32 %src.cap, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
 entry:
-  %copy.n = call i32 @runtime.sliceCopy(ptr %dst.data, ptr %src.data, i32 %dst.len, i32 %src.len, i32 1, ptr undef) #9
+  %copy.n = call i32 @llvm.umin.i32(i32 %dst.len, i32 %src.len)
+  call void @llvm.memmove.p0.p0.i32(ptr align 1 %dst.data, ptr align 1 %src.data, i32 %copy.n, i1 false)
   ret void
 }
 
-declare i32 @runtime.sliceCopy(ptr nocapture writeonly, ptr nocapture readonly, i32, i32, i32, ptr) #1
+; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind speculatable willreturn memory(none)
+declare i32 @llvm.umin.i32(i32, i32) #7
+
+; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite)
+declare void @llvm.memmove.p0.p0.i32(ptr nocapture writeonly, ptr nocapture readonly, i32, i1 immarg) #8
 
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
 define hidden void @main.closeBuiltinGoroutine(ptr dereferenceable_or_null(36) %ch, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
 entry:
-  call void @runtime.chanClose(ptr %ch, ptr undef) #9
+  call void @runtime.chanClose(ptr %ch, ptr undef) #11
   ret void
 }
 
@@ -162,43 +167,45 @@ declare void @runtime.chanClose(ptr dereferenceable_or_null(36), ptr) #1
 define hidden void @main.startInterfaceMethod(ptr %itf.typecode, ptr %itf.value, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
 entry:
   %stackalloc = alloca i8, align 1
-  %0 = call align 4 dereferenceable(16) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 16, ptr null, ptr undef) #9
-  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %0, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #9
+  %0 = call align 4 dereferenceable(16) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 16, ptr null, ptr undef) #11
+  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %0, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #11
   store ptr %itf.value, ptr %0, align 4
-  %1 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %0, i32 4
+  %1 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %0, i32 4
   store ptr @"main$string", ptr %1, align 4
-  %2 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %0, i32 8
+  %2 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %0, i32 8
   store i32 4, ptr %2, align 4
-  %3 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %0, i32 12
+  %3 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %0, i32 12
   store ptr %itf.typecode, ptr %3, align 4
-  call void @"internal/task.start"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @"interface:{Print:func:{basic:string}{}}.Print$invoke$gowrapper" to i32), ptr nonnull %0, i32 65536, ptr undef) #9
+  call void @"internal/task.start"(i32 ptrtoint (ptr @"interface:{Print:func:{basic:string}{}}.Print$invoke$gowrapper" to i32), ptr nonnull %0, i32 65536, ptr undef) #11
   ret void
 }
 
-declare void @"interface:{Print:func:{basic:string}{}}.Print$invoke"(ptr, ptr, i32, ptr, ptr) #7
+declare void @"interface:{Print:func:{basic:string}{}}.Print$invoke"(ptr, ptr, i32, ptr, ptr) #9
 
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
-define linkonce_odr void @"interface:{Print:func:{basic:string}{}}.Print$invoke$gowrapper"(ptr %0) unnamed_addr #8 {
+define linkonce_odr void @"interface:{Print:func:{basic:string}{}}.Print$invoke$gowrapper"(ptr %0) unnamed_addr #10 {
 entry:
   %1 = load ptr, ptr %0, align 4
-  %2 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %0, i32 4
+  %2 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %0, i32 4
   %3 = load ptr, ptr %2, align 4
-  %4 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %0, i32 8
+  %4 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %0, i32 8
   %5 = load i32, ptr %4, align 4
-  %6 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %0, i32 12
+  %6 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %0, i32 12
   %7 = load ptr, ptr %6, align 4
-  call void @"interface:{Print:func:{basic:string}{}}.Print$invoke"(ptr %1, ptr %3, i32 %5, ptr %7, ptr undef) #9
-  call void @runtime.deadlock(ptr undef) #9
+  call void @"interface:{Print:func:{basic:string}{}}.Print$invoke"(ptr %1, ptr %3, i32 %5, ptr %7, ptr undef) #11
+  call void @runtime.deadlock(ptr undef) #11
   unreachable
 }
 
-attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #1 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #2 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #3 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "tinygo-gowrapper"="main.regularFunction" }
-attributes #4 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "tinygo-gowrapper"="main.inlineFunctionGoroutine$1" }
-attributes #5 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "tinygo-gowrapper"="main.closureFunctionGoroutine$1" }
-attributes #6 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "tinygo-gowrapper" }
-attributes #7 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "tinygo-invoke"="reflect/methods.Print(string)" "tinygo-methods"="reflect/methods.Print(string)" }
-attributes #8 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "tinygo-gowrapper"="interface:{Print:func:{basic:string}{}}.Print$invoke" }
-attributes #9 = { nounwind }
+attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #1 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #2 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #3 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "tinygo-gowrapper"="main.regularFunction" }
+attributes #4 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "tinygo-gowrapper"="main.inlineFunctionGoroutine$1" }
+attributes #5 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "tinygo-gowrapper"="main.closureFunctionGoroutine$1" }
+attributes #6 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "tinygo-gowrapper" }
+attributes #7 = { nocallback nofree nosync nounwind speculatable willreturn memory(none) }
+attributes #8 = { nocallback nofree nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite) }
+attributes #9 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "tinygo-invoke"="reflect/methods.Print(string)" "tinygo-methods"="reflect/methods.Print(string)" }
+attributes #10 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "tinygo-gowrapper"="interface:{Print:func:{basic:string}{}}.Print$invoke" }
+attributes #11 = { nounwind }

compiler/testdata/interface.ll

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ; ModuleID = 'interface.go'
 source_filename = "interface.go"
-target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-p10:8:8-p20:8:8-i64:64-n32:64-S128-ni:1:10:20"
+target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-p10:8:8-p20:8:8-i64:64-i128:128-n32:64-S128-ni:1:10:20"
 target triple = "wasm32-unknown-wasi"
 
 %runtime._interface = type { ptr, ptr }
@@ -130,11 +130,11 @@ entry:
 
 declare %runtime._string @"interface:{Error:func:{}{basic:string}}.Error$invoke"(ptr, ptr, ptr) #6
 
-attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #1 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #2 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #3 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "tinygo-methods"="reflect/methods.Error() string" }
-attributes #4 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "tinygo-methods"="reflect/methods.String() string" }
-attributes #5 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "tinygo-invoke"="main.$methods.foo(int) uint8" "tinygo-methods"="reflect/methods.String() string; main.$methods.foo(int) uint8" }
-attributes #6 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "tinygo-invoke"="reflect/methods.Error() string" "tinygo-methods"="reflect/methods.Error() string" }
+attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #1 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #2 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #3 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "tinygo-methods"="reflect/methods.Error() string" }
+attributes #4 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "tinygo-methods"="reflect/methods.String() string" }
+attributes #5 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "tinygo-invoke"="main.$methods.foo(int) uint8" "tinygo-methods"="reflect/methods.String() string; main.$methods.foo(int) uint8" }
+attributes #6 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "tinygo-invoke"="reflect/methods.Error() string" "tinygo-methods"="reflect/methods.Error() string" }
 attributes #7 = { nounwind }

compiler/testdata/pointer.ll

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ; ModuleID = 'pointer.go'
 source_filename = "pointer.go"
-target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-p10:8:8-p20:8:8-i64:64-n32:64-S128-ni:1:10:20"
+target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-p10:8:8-p20:8:8-i64:64-i128:128-n32:64-S128-ni:1:10:20"
 target triple = "wasm32-unknown-wasi"
 
 ; Function Attrs: allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0)
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ entry:
   ret ptr %x
 }
 
-attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #1 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #2 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #1 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #2 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
 attributes #3 = { nounwind }

compiler/testdata/pragma.ll

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ; ModuleID = 'pragma.go'
 source_filename = "pragma.go"
-target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-p10:8:8-p20:8:8-i64:64-n32:64-S128-ni:1:10:20"
+target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-p10:8:8-p20:8:8-i64:64-i128:128-n32:64-S128-ni:1:10:20"
 target triple = "wasm32-unknown-wasi"
 
 @extern_global = external global [0 x i8], align 1
@@ -93,13 +93,13 @@ entry:
   ret void
 }
 
-attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #1 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #2 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #3 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "wasm-export-name"="extern_func" }
-attributes #4 = { inlinehint nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #5 = { noinline nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #6 = { noinline nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "wasm-export-name"="exportedFunctionInSection" }
-attributes #7 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "wasm-import-module"="modulename" "wasm-import-name"="import1" }
-attributes #8 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "wasm-import-module"="foobar" "wasm-import-name"="imported" }
-attributes #9 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "wasm-export-name"="exported" }
+attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #1 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #2 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #3 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "wasm-export-name"="extern_func" }
+attributes #4 = { inlinehint nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #5 = { noinline nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #6 = { noinline nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "wasm-export-name"="exportedFunctionInSection" }
+attributes #7 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "wasm-import-module"="modulename" "wasm-import-name"="import1" }
+attributes #8 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "wasm-import-module"="foobar" "wasm-import-name"="imported" }
+attributes #9 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" "wasm-export-name"="exported" }

compiler/testdata/slice.ll

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ; ModuleID = 'slice.go'
 source_filename = "slice.go"
-target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-p10:8:8-p20:8:8-i64:64-n32:64-S128-ni:1:10:20"
+target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-p10:8:8-p20:8:8-i64:64-i128:128-n32:64-S128-ni:1:10:20"
 target triple = "wasm32-unknown-wasi"
 
 ; Function Attrs: allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0)
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ lookup.next:                                      ; preds = %entry
   ret i32 %1
 
 lookup.throw:                                     ; preds = %entry
-  call void @runtime.lookupPanic(ptr undef) #3
+  call void @runtime.lookupPanic(ptr undef) #5
   unreachable
 }
 
@@ -48,49 +48,55 @@ declare void @runtime.lookupPanic(ptr) #1
 define hidden { ptr, i32, i32 } @main.sliceAppendValues(ptr %ints.data, i32 %ints.len, i32 %ints.cap, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
 entry:
   %stackalloc = alloca i8, align 1
-  %varargs = call align 4 dereferenceable(12) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 12, ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 3 to ptr), ptr undef) #3
-  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %varargs, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #3
+  %varargs = call align 4 dereferenceable(12) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 12, ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 3 to ptr), ptr undef) #5
+  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %varargs, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #5
   store i32 1, ptr %varargs, align 4
-  %0 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %varargs, i32 4
+  %0 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %varargs, i32 4
   store i32 2, ptr %0, align 4
-  %1 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %varargs, i32 8
+  %1 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %varargs, i32 8
   store i32 3, ptr %1, align 4
-  %append.new = call { ptr, i32, i32 } @runtime.sliceAppend(ptr %ints.data, ptr nonnull %varargs, i32 %ints.len, i32 %ints.cap, i32 3, i32 4, ptr undef) #3
+  %append.new = call { ptr, i32, i32 } @runtime.sliceAppend(ptr %ints.data, ptr nonnull %varargs, i32 %ints.len, i32 %ints.cap, i32 3, i32 4, ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 3 to ptr), ptr undef) #5
   %append.newPtr = extractvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } %append.new, 0
   %append.newLen = extractvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } %append.new, 1
   %append.newCap = extractvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } %append.new, 2
   %2 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } undef, ptr %append.newPtr, 0
   %3 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } %2, i32 %append.newLen, 1
   %4 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } %3, i32 %append.newCap, 2
-  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr %append.newPtr, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #3
+  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr %append.newPtr, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #5
   ret { ptr, i32, i32 } %4
 }
 
-declare { ptr, i32, i32 } @runtime.sliceAppend(ptr, ptr nocapture readonly, i32, i32, i32, i32, ptr) #1
+declare { ptr, i32, i32 } @runtime.sliceAppend(ptr, ptr nocapture readonly, i32, i32, i32, i32, ptr, ptr) #1
 
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
 define hidden { ptr, i32, i32 } @main.sliceAppendSlice(ptr %ints.data, i32 %ints.len, i32 %ints.cap, ptr %added.data, i32 %added.len, i32 %added.cap, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
 entry:
   %stackalloc = alloca i8, align 1
-  %append.new = call { ptr, i32, i32 } @runtime.sliceAppend(ptr %ints.data, ptr %added.data, i32 %ints.len, i32 %ints.cap, i32 %added.len, i32 4, ptr undef) #3
+  %append.new = call { ptr, i32, i32 } @runtime.sliceAppend(ptr %ints.data, ptr %added.data, i32 %ints.len, i32 %ints.cap, i32 %added.len, i32 4, ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 3 to ptr), ptr undef) #5
   %append.newPtr = extractvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } %append.new, 0
   %append.newLen = extractvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } %append.new, 1
   %append.newCap = extractvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } %append.new, 2
   %0 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } undef, ptr %append.newPtr, 0
   %1 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } %0, i32 %append.newLen, 1
   %2 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } %1, i32 %append.newCap, 2
-  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr %append.newPtr, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #3
+  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr %append.newPtr, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #5
   ret { ptr, i32, i32 } %2
 }
 
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
 define hidden i32 @main.sliceCopy(ptr %dst.data, i32 %dst.len, i32 %dst.cap, ptr %src.data, i32 %src.len, i32 %src.cap, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
 entry:
-  %copy.n = call i32 @runtime.sliceCopy(ptr %dst.data, ptr %src.data, i32 %dst.len, i32 %src.len, i32 4, ptr undef) #3
+  %copy.n = call i32 @llvm.umin.i32(i32 %dst.len, i32 %src.len)
+  %copy.size = shl nuw i32 %copy.n, 2
+  call void @llvm.memmove.p0.p0.i32(ptr align 4 %dst.data, ptr align 4 %src.data, i32 %copy.size, i1 false)
   ret i32 %copy.n
 }
 
-declare i32 @runtime.sliceCopy(ptr nocapture writeonly, ptr nocapture readonly, i32, i32, i32, ptr) #1
+; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind speculatable willreturn memory(none)
+declare i32 @llvm.umin.i32(i32, i32) #3
+
+; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite)
+declare void @llvm.memmove.p0.p0.i32(ptr nocapture writeonly, ptr nocapture readonly, i32, i1 immarg) #4
 
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
 define hidden { ptr, i32, i32 } @main.makeByteSlice(i32 %len, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
@@ -100,15 +106,15 @@ entry:
   br i1 %slice.maxcap, label %slice.throw, label %slice.next
 
 slice.next:                                       ; preds = %entry
-  %makeslice.buf = call align 1 ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 %len, ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 3 to ptr), ptr undef) #3
+  %makeslice.buf = call align 1 ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 %len, ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 3 to ptr), ptr undef) #5
   %0 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } undef, ptr %makeslice.buf, 0
   %1 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } %0, i32 %len, 1
   %2 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } %1, i32 %len, 2
-  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %makeslice.buf, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #3
+  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %makeslice.buf, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #5
   ret { ptr, i32, i32 } %2
 
 slice.throw:                                      ; preds = %entry
-  call void @runtime.slicePanic(ptr undef) #3
+  call void @runtime.slicePanic(ptr undef) #5
   unreachable
 }
 
@@ -123,15 +129,15 @@ entry:
 
 slice.next:                                       ; preds = %entry
   %makeslice.cap = shl nuw i32 %len, 1
-  %makeslice.buf = call align 2 ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 %makeslice.cap, ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 3 to ptr), ptr undef) #3
+  %makeslice.buf = call align 2 ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 %makeslice.cap, ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 3 to ptr), ptr undef) #5
   %0 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } undef, ptr %makeslice.buf, 0
   %1 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } %0, i32 %len, 1
   %2 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } %1, i32 %len, 2
-  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %makeslice.buf, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #3
+  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %makeslice.buf, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #5
   ret { ptr, i32, i32 } %2
 
 slice.throw:                                      ; preds = %entry
-  call void @runtime.slicePanic(ptr undef) #3
+  call void @runtime.slicePanic(ptr undef) #5
   unreachable
 }
 
@@ -144,15 +150,15 @@ entry:
 
 slice.next:                                       ; preds = %entry
   %makeslice.cap = mul i32 %len, 3
-  %makeslice.buf = call align 1 ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 %makeslice.cap, ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 3 to ptr), ptr undef) #3
+  %makeslice.buf = call align 1 ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 %makeslice.cap, ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 3 to ptr), ptr undef) #5
   %0 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } undef, ptr %makeslice.buf, 0
   %1 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } %0, i32 %len, 1
   %2 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } %1, i32 %len, 2
-  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %makeslice.buf, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #3
+  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %makeslice.buf, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #5
   ret { ptr, i32, i32 } %2
 
 slice.throw:                                      ; preds = %entry
-  call void @runtime.slicePanic(ptr undef) #3
+  call void @runtime.slicePanic(ptr undef) #5
   unreachable
 }
 
@@ -165,15 +171,15 @@ entry:
 
 slice.next:                                       ; preds = %entry
   %makeslice.cap = shl nuw i32 %len, 2
-  %makeslice.buf = call align 4 ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 %makeslice.cap, ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 3 to ptr), ptr undef) #3
+  %makeslice.buf = call align 4 ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 %makeslice.cap, ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 3 to ptr), ptr undef) #5
   %0 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } undef, ptr %makeslice.buf, 0
   %1 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } %0, i32 %len, 1
   %2 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } %1, i32 %len, 2
-  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %makeslice.buf, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #3
+  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %makeslice.buf, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #5
   ret { ptr, i32, i32 } %2
 
 slice.throw:                                      ; preds = %entry
-  call void @runtime.slicePanic(ptr undef) #3
+  call void @runtime.slicePanic(ptr undef) #5
   unreachable
 }
 
@@ -182,7 +188,7 @@ define hidden ptr @main.Add32(ptr %p, i32 %len, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
 entry:
   %stackalloc = alloca i8, align 1
   %0 = getelementptr i8, ptr %p, i32 %len
-  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr %0, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #3
+  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr %0, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #5
   ret ptr %0
 }
 
@@ -192,7 +198,7 @@ entry:
   %stackalloc = alloca i8, align 1
   %0 = trunc i64 %len to i32
   %1 = getelementptr i8, ptr %p, i32 %0
-  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr %1, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #3
+  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr %1, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #5
   ret ptr %1
 }
 
@@ -206,7 +212,7 @@ slicetoarray.next:                                ; preds = %entry
   ret ptr %s.data
 
 slicetoarray.throw:                               ; preds = %entry
-  call void @runtime.sliceToArrayPointerPanic(ptr undef) #3
+  call void @runtime.sliceToArrayPointerPanic(ptr undef) #5
   unreachable
 }
 
@@ -216,8 +222,8 @@ declare void @runtime.sliceToArrayPointerPanic(ptr) #1
 define hidden ptr @main.SliceToArrayConst(ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
 entry:
   %stackalloc = alloca i8, align 1
-  %makeslice = call align 4 dereferenceable(24) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 24, ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 3 to ptr), ptr undef) #3
-  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %makeslice, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #3
+  %makeslice = call align 4 dereferenceable(24) ptr @runtime.alloc(i32 24, ptr nonnull inttoptr (i32 3 to ptr), ptr undef) #5
+  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr nonnull %makeslice, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #5
   br i1 false, label %slicetoarray.throw, label %slicetoarray.next
 
 slicetoarray.next:                                ; preds = %entry
@@ -242,11 +248,11 @@ unsafe.Slice.next:                                ; preds = %entry
   %5 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } undef, ptr %ptr, 0
   %6 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } %5, i32 %len, 1
   %7 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } %6, i32 %len, 2
-  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr %ptr, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #3
+  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr %ptr, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #5
   ret { ptr, i32, i32 } %7
 
 unsafe.Slice.throw:                               ; preds = %entry
-  call void @runtime.unsafeSlicePanic(ptr undef) #3
+  call void @runtime.unsafeSlicePanic(ptr undef) #5
   unreachable
 }
 
@@ -266,11 +272,11 @@ unsafe.Slice.next:                                ; preds = %entry
   %4 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } undef, ptr %ptr, 0
   %5 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } %4, i32 %3, 1
   %6 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } %5, i32 %3, 2
-  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr %ptr, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #3
+  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr %ptr, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #5
   ret { ptr, i32, i32 } %6
 
 unsafe.Slice.throw:                               ; preds = %entry
-  call void @runtime.unsafeSlicePanic(ptr undef) #3
+  call void @runtime.unsafeSlicePanic(ptr undef) #5
   unreachable
 }
 
@@ -290,11 +296,11 @@ unsafe.Slice.next:                                ; preds = %entry
   %6 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } undef, ptr %ptr, 0
   %7 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } %6, i32 %5, 1
   %8 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } %7, i32 %5, 2
-  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr %ptr, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #3
+  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr %ptr, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #5
   ret { ptr, i32, i32 } %8
 
 unsafe.Slice.throw:                               ; preds = %entry
-  call void @runtime.unsafeSlicePanic(ptr undef) #3
+  call void @runtime.unsafeSlicePanic(ptr undef) #5
   unreachable
 }
 
@@ -314,15 +320,17 @@ unsafe.Slice.next:                                ; preds = %entry
   %6 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } undef, ptr %ptr, 0
   %7 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } %6, i32 %5, 1
   %8 = insertvalue { ptr, i32, i32 } %7, i32 %5, 2
-  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr %ptr, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #3
+  call void @runtime.trackPointer(ptr %ptr, ptr nonnull %stackalloc, ptr undef) #5
   ret { ptr, i32, i32 } %8
 
 unsafe.Slice.throw:                               ; preds = %entry
-  call void @runtime.unsafeSlicePanic(ptr undef) #3
+  call void @runtime.unsafeSlicePanic(ptr undef) #5
   unreachable
 }
 
-attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #1 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #2 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #3 = { nounwind }
+attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #1 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #2 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #3 = { nocallback nofree nosync nounwind speculatable willreturn memory(none) }
+attributes #4 = { nocallback nofree nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite) }
+attributes #5 = { nounwind }

compiler/testdata/string.ll

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ; ModuleID = 'string.go'
 source_filename = "string.go"
-target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-p10:8:8-p20:8:8-i64:64-n32:64-S128-ni:1:10:20"
+target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-p10:8:8-p20:8:8-i64:64-i128:128-n32:64-S128-ni:1:10:20"
 target triple = "wasm32-unknown-wasi"
 
 %runtime._string = type { ptr, i32 }
@@ -31,13 +31,13 @@ entry:
 }
 
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
-define hidden i32 @main.stringLen(ptr %s.data, i32 %s.len, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
+define hidden i32 @main.stringLen(ptr readonly %s.data, i32 %s.len, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
 entry:
   ret i32 %s.len
 }
 
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
-define hidden i8 @main.stringIndex(ptr %s.data, i32 %s.len, i32 %index, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
+define hidden i8 @main.stringIndex(ptr readonly %s.data, i32 %s.len, i32 %index, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
 entry:
   %.not = icmp ult i32 %index, %s.len
   br i1 %.not, label %lookup.next, label %lookup.throw
@@ -55,16 +55,16 @@ lookup.throw:                                     ; preds = %entry
 declare void @runtime.lookupPanic(ptr) #1
 
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
-define hidden i1 @main.stringCompareEqual(ptr %s1.data, i32 %s1.len, ptr %s2.data, i32 %s2.len, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
+define hidden i1 @main.stringCompareEqual(ptr readonly %s1.data, i32 %s1.len, ptr readonly %s2.data, i32 %s2.len, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
 entry:
   %0 = call i1 @runtime.stringEqual(ptr %s1.data, i32 %s1.len, ptr %s2.data, i32 %s2.len, ptr undef) #3
   ret i1 %0
 }
 
-declare i1 @runtime.stringEqual(ptr, i32, ptr, i32, ptr) #1
+declare i1 @runtime.stringEqual(ptr readonly, i32, ptr readonly, i32, ptr) #1
 
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
-define hidden i1 @main.stringCompareUnequal(ptr %s1.data, i32 %s1.len, ptr %s2.data, i32 %s2.len, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
+define hidden i1 @main.stringCompareUnequal(ptr readonly %s1.data, i32 %s1.len, ptr readonly %s2.data, i32 %s2.len, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
 entry:
   %0 = call i1 @runtime.stringEqual(ptr %s1.data, i32 %s1.len, ptr %s2.data, i32 %s2.len, ptr undef) #3
   %1 = xor i1 %0, true
@@ -72,23 +72,23 @@ entry:
 }
 
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
-define hidden i1 @main.stringCompareLarger(ptr %s1.data, i32 %s1.len, ptr %s2.data, i32 %s2.len, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
+define hidden i1 @main.stringCompareLarger(ptr readonly %s1.data, i32 %s1.len, ptr readonly %s2.data, i32 %s2.len, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
 entry:
   %0 = call i1 @runtime.stringLess(ptr %s2.data, i32 %s2.len, ptr %s1.data, i32 %s1.len, ptr undef) #3
   ret i1 %0
 }
 
-declare i1 @runtime.stringLess(ptr, i32, ptr, i32, ptr) #1
+declare i1 @runtime.stringLess(ptr readonly, i32, ptr readonly, i32, ptr) #1
 
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
-define hidden i8 @main.stringLookup(ptr %s.data, i32 %s.len, i8 %x, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
+define hidden i8 @main.stringLookup(ptr readonly %s.data, i32 %s.len, i8 %x, ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
 entry:
   %0 = zext i8 %x to i32
-  %.not = icmp ult i32 %0, %s.len
+  %.not = icmp ugt i32 %s.len, %0
   br i1 %.not, label %lookup.next, label %lookup.throw
 
 lookup.next:                                      ; preds = %entry
-  %1 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %s.data, i32 %0
+  %1 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %s.data, i32 %0
   %2 = load i8, ptr %1, align 1
   ret i8 %2
 
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ lookup.throw:                                     ; preds = %entry
   unreachable
 }
 
-attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #1 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #2 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #1 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #2 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
 attributes #3 = { nounwind }

compiler/testdata/zeromap.ll

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ; ModuleID = 'zeromap.go'
 source_filename = "zeromap.go"
-target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-p10:8:8-p20:8:8-i64:64-n32:64-S128-ni:1:10:20"
+target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-p10:8:8-p20:8:8-i64:64-i128:128-n32:64-S128-ni:1:10:20"
 target triple = "wasm32-unknown-wasi"
 
 %main.hasPadding = type { i1, i32, i1 }
@@ -27,9 +27,9 @@ entry:
   call void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 4, ptr nonnull %hashmap.value)
   call void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 12, ptr nonnull %hashmap.key)
   store %main.hasPadding %2, ptr %hashmap.key, align 4
-  %3 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %hashmap.key, i32 1
+  %3 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %hashmap.key, i32 1
   call void @runtime.memzero(ptr nonnull %3, i32 3, ptr undef) #5
-  %4 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %hashmap.key, i32 9
+  %4 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %hashmap.key, i32 9
   call void @runtime.memzero(ptr nonnull %4, i32 3, ptr undef) #5
   %5 = call i1 @runtime.hashmapBinaryGet(ptr %m, ptr nonnull %hashmap.key, ptr nonnull %hashmap.value, i32 4, ptr undef) #5
   call void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 12, ptr nonnull %hashmap.key)
@@ -60,9 +60,9 @@ entry:
   store i32 5, ptr %hashmap.value, align 4
   call void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 12, ptr nonnull %hashmap.key)
   store %main.hasPadding %2, ptr %hashmap.key, align 4
-  %3 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %hashmap.key, i32 1
+  %3 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %hashmap.key, i32 1
   call void @runtime.memzero(ptr nonnull %3, i32 3, ptr undef) #5
-  %4 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %hashmap.key, i32 9
+  %4 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %hashmap.key, i32 9
   call void @runtime.memzero(ptr nonnull %4, i32 3, ptr undef) #5
   call void @runtime.hashmapBinarySet(ptr %m, ptr nonnull %hashmap.key, ptr nonnull %hashmap.value, ptr undef) #5
   call void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 12, ptr nonnull %hashmap.key)
@@ -81,16 +81,16 @@ entry:
   call void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 24, ptr nonnull %hashmap.key)
   %s.elt = extractvalue [2 x %main.hasPadding] %s, 0
   store %main.hasPadding %s.elt, ptr %hashmap.key, align 4
-  %hashmap.key.repack1 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %hashmap.key, i32 12
+  %hashmap.key.repack1 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %hashmap.key, i32 12
   %s.elt2 = extractvalue [2 x %main.hasPadding] %s, 1
   store %main.hasPadding %s.elt2, ptr %hashmap.key.repack1, align 4
-  %0 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %hashmap.key, i32 1
+  %0 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %hashmap.key, i32 1
   call void @runtime.memzero(ptr nonnull %0, i32 3, ptr undef) #5
-  %1 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %hashmap.key, i32 9
+  %1 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %hashmap.key, i32 9
   call void @runtime.memzero(ptr nonnull %1, i32 3, ptr undef) #5
-  %2 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %hashmap.key, i32 13
+  %2 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %hashmap.key, i32 13
   call void @runtime.memzero(ptr nonnull %2, i32 3, ptr undef) #5
-  %3 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %hashmap.key, i32 21
+  %3 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %hashmap.key, i32 21
   call void @runtime.memzero(ptr nonnull %3, i32 3, ptr undef) #5
   %4 = call i1 @runtime.hashmapBinaryGet(ptr %m, ptr nonnull %hashmap.key, ptr nonnull %hashmap.value, i32 4, ptr undef) #5
   call void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 24, ptr nonnull %hashmap.key)
@@ -109,16 +109,16 @@ entry:
   call void @llvm.lifetime.start.p0(i64 24, ptr nonnull %hashmap.key)
   %s.elt = extractvalue [2 x %main.hasPadding] %s, 0
   store %main.hasPadding %s.elt, ptr %hashmap.key, align 4
-  %hashmap.key.repack1 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %hashmap.key, i32 12
+  %hashmap.key.repack1 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %hashmap.key, i32 12
   %s.elt2 = extractvalue [2 x %main.hasPadding] %s, 1
   store %main.hasPadding %s.elt2, ptr %hashmap.key.repack1, align 4
-  %0 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %hashmap.key, i32 1
+  %0 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %hashmap.key, i32 1
   call void @runtime.memzero(ptr nonnull %0, i32 3, ptr undef) #5
-  %1 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %hashmap.key, i32 9
+  %1 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %hashmap.key, i32 9
   call void @runtime.memzero(ptr nonnull %1, i32 3, ptr undef) #5
-  %2 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %hashmap.key, i32 13
+  %2 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %hashmap.key, i32 13
   call void @runtime.memzero(ptr nonnull %2, i32 3, ptr undef) #5
-  %3 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %hashmap.key, i32 21
+  %3 = getelementptr inbounds nuw i8, ptr %hashmap.key, i32 21
   call void @runtime.memzero(ptr nonnull %3, i32 3, ptr undef) #5
   call void @runtime.hashmapBinarySet(ptr %m, ptr nonnull %hashmap.key, ptr nonnull %hashmap.value, ptr undef) #5
   call void @llvm.lifetime.end.p0(i64 24, ptr nonnull %hashmap.key)
@@ -132,9 +132,9 @@ entry:
   ret void
 }
 
-attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #1 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #2 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
-attributes #3 = { noinline nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #0 = { allockind("alloc,zeroed") allocsize(0) "alloc-family"="runtime.alloc" "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #1 = { "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #2 = { nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
+attributes #3 = { noinline nounwind "target-features"="+bulk-memory,+bulk-memory-opt,+call-indirect-overlong,+mutable-globals,+nontrapping-fptoint,+sign-ext,-multivalue,-reference-types" }
 attributes #4 = { nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite) }
 attributes #5 = { nounwind }

flake.lock

@@ -20,16 +20,16 @@
     },
     "nixpkgs": {
       "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1747953325,
-        "narHash": "sha256-y2ZtlIlNTuVJUZCqzZAhIw5rrKP4DOSklev6c8PyCkQ=",
+        "lastModified": 1770136044,
+        "narHash": "sha256-tlFqNG/uzz2++aAmn4v8J0vAkV3z7XngeIIB3rM3650=",
         "owner": "NixOS",
         "repo": "nixpkgs",
-        "rev": "55d1f923c480dadce40f5231feb472e81b0bab48",
+        "rev": "e576e3c9cf9bad747afcddd9e34f51d18c855b4e",
         "type": "github"
       },
       "original": {
         "id": "nixpkgs",
-        "ref": "nixos-25.05",
+        "ref": "nixos-25.11",
         "type": "indirect"
       }
     },

flake.nix

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
   inputs = {
     # Use a recent stable release, but fix the version to make it reproducible.
     # This version should be updated from time to time.
-    nixpkgs.url = "nixpkgs/nixos-25.05";
+    nixpkgs.url = "nixpkgs/nixos-25.11";
     flake-utils.url = "github:numtide/flake-utils";
   };
   outputs = { self, nixpkgs, flake-utils }:

go.mod

@@ -5,8 +5,6 @@ go 1.22.0
 require (
 	github.com/aykevl/go-wasm v0.0.2-0.20250317121156-42b86c494139
 	github.com/blakesmith/ar v0.0.0-20150311145944-8bd4349a67f2
-	github.com/chromedp/cdproto v0.0.0-20220113222801-0725d94bb6ee
-	github.com/chromedp/chromedp v0.7.6
 	github.com/gofrs/flock v0.8.1
 	github.com/google/shlex v0.0.0-20181106134648-c34317bd91bf
 	github.com/inhies/go-bytesize v0.0.0-20220417184213-4913239db9cf
@@ -24,13 +22,7 @@ require (
 )
 
 require (
-	github.com/chromedp/sysutil v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/creack/goselect v0.1.2 // indirect
-	github.com/gobwas/httphead v0.1.0 // indirect
-	github.com/gobwas/pool v0.2.1 // indirect
-	github.com/gobwas/ws v1.1.0 // indirect
-	github.com/josharian/intern v1.0.0 // indirect
-	github.com/mailru/easyjson v0.7.7 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 // indirect
 	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.4 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/text v0.22.0 // indirect

go.sum

@@ -2,33 +2,16 @@ github.com/aykevl/go-wasm v0.0.2-0.20250317121156-42b86c494139 h1:2O/WuAt8J5id3k
 github.com/aykevl/go-wasm v0.0.2-0.20250317121156-42b86c494139/go.mod h1:7sXyiaA0WtSogCu67R2252fQpVmJMh9JWJ9ddtGkpWw=
 github.com/blakesmith/ar v0.0.0-20150311145944-8bd4349a67f2 h1:oMCHnXa6CCCafdPDbMh/lWRhRByN0VFLvv+g+ayx1SI=
 github.com/blakesmith/ar v0.0.0-20150311145944-8bd4349a67f2/go.mod h1:PkYb9DJNAwrSvRx5DYA+gUcOIgTGVMNkfSCbZM8cWpI=
-github.com/chromedp/cdproto v0.0.0-20211126220118-81fa0469ad77/go.mod h1:At5TxYYdxkbQL0TSefRjhLE3Q0lgvqKKMSFUglJ7i1U=
-github.com/chromedp/cdproto v0.0.0-20220113222801-0725d94bb6ee h1:+SFdIVfQpG0s0DHYzou0kgfE0n0ZjKPwbiRJsXrZegU=
-github.com/chromedp/cdproto v0.0.0-20220113222801-0725d94bb6ee/go.mod h1:At5TxYYdxkbQL0TSefRjhLE3Q0lgvqKKMSFUglJ7i1U=
-github.com/chromedp/chromedp v0.7.6 h1:2juGaktzjwULlsn+DnvIZXFUckEp5xs+GOBroaea+jA=
-github.com/chromedp/chromedp v0.7.6/go.mod h1:ayT4YU/MGAALNfOg9gNrpGSAdnU51PMx+FCeuT1iXzo=
-github.com/chromedp/sysutil v1.0.0 h1:+ZxhTpfpZlmchB58ih/LBHX52ky7w2VhQVKQMucy3Ic=
-github.com/chromedp/sysutil v1.0.0/go.mod h1:kgWmDdq8fTzXYcKIBqIYvRRTnYb9aNS9moAV0xufSww=
 github.com/creack/goselect v0.1.2 h1:2DNy14+JPjRBgPzAd1thbQp4BSIihxcBf0IXhQXDRa0=
 github.com/creack/goselect v0.1.2/go.mod h1:a/NhLweNvqIYMuxcMOuWY516Cimucms3DglDzQP3hKY=
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 h1:vj9j/u1bqnvCEfJOwUhtlOARqs3+rkHYY13jYWTU97c=
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
-github.com/gobwas/httphead v0.1.0 h1:exrUm0f4YX0L7EBwZHuCF4GDp8aJfVeBrlLQrs6NqWU=
-github.com/gobwas/httphead v0.1.0/go.mod h1:O/RXo79gxV8G+RqlR/otEwx4Q36zl9rqC5u12GKvMCM=
-github.com/gobwas/pool v0.2.1 h1:xfeeEhW7pwmX8nuLVlqbzVc7udMDrwetjEv+TZIz1og=
-github.com/gobwas/pool v0.2.1/go.mod h1:q8bcK0KcYlCgd9e7WYLm9LpyS+YeLd8JVDW6WezmKEw=
-github.com/gobwas/ws v1.1.0 h1:7RFti/xnNkMJnrK7D1yQ/iCIB5OrrY/54/H930kIbHA=
-github.com/gobwas/ws v1.1.0/go.mod h1:nzvNcVha5eUziGrbxFCo6qFIojQHjJV5cLYIbezhfL0=
 github.com/gofrs/flock v0.8.1 h1:+gYjHKf32LDeiEEFhQaotPbLuUXjY5ZqxKgXy7n59aw=
 github.com/gofrs/flock v0.8.1/go.mod h1:F1TvTiK9OcQqauNUHlbJvyl9Qa1QvF/gOUDKA14jxHU=
 github.com/google/shlex v0.0.0-20181106134648-c34317bd91bf h1:7+FW5aGwISbqUtkfmIpZJGRgNFg2ioYPvFaUxdqpDsg=
 github.com/google/shlex v0.0.0-20181106134648-c34317bd91bf/go.mod h1:RpwtwJQFrIEPstU94h88MWPXP2ektJZ8cZ0YntAmXiE=
 github.com/inhies/go-bytesize v0.0.0-20220417184213-4913239db9cf h1:FtEj8sfIcaaBfAKrE1Cwb61YDtYq9JxChK1c7AKce7s=
 github.com/inhies/go-bytesize v0.0.0-20220417184213-4913239db9cf/go.mod h1:yrqSXGoD/4EKfF26AOGzscPOgTTJcyAwM2rpixWT+t4=
-github.com/josharian/intern v1.0.0 h1:vlS4z54oSdjm0bgjRigI+G1HpF+tI+9rE5LLzOg8HmY=
-github.com/josharian/intern v1.0.0/go.mod h1:5DoeVV0s6jJacbCEi61lwdGj/aVlrQvzHFFd8Hwg//Y=
-github.com/mailru/easyjson v0.7.7 h1:UGYAvKxe3sBsEDzO8ZeWOSlIQfWFlxbzLZe7hwFURr0=
-github.com/mailru/easyjson v0.7.7/go.mod h1:xzfreul335JAWq5oZzymOObrkdz5UnU4kGfJJLY9Nlc=
 github.com/marcinbor85/gohex v0.0.0-20200531091804-343a4b548892 h1:6J+qramlHVLmiBOgRiBOnQkno8uprqG6YFFQTt6uYIw=
 github.com/marcinbor85/gohex v0.0.0-20200531091804-343a4b548892/go.mod h1:Pb6XcsXyropB9LNHhnqaknG/vEwYztLkQzVCHv8sQ3M=
 github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.4/go.mod h1:U0ppj6V5qS13XJ6of8GYAs25YV2eR4EVcfRqFIhoBtE=
@@ -42,8 +25,6 @@ github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20/go.mod h1:W+V8PltTTMOvKvAeJH7IuucS94S2C6jfK/D
 github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.7/go.mod h1:H031xJmbD/WCDINGzjvQ9THkh0rPKHF+m2gUSrubnMI=
 github.com/mattn/go-tty v0.0.4 h1:NVikla9X8MN0SQAqCYzpGyXv0jY7MNl3HOWD2dkle7E=
 github.com/mattn/go-tty v0.0.4/go.mod h1:u5GGXBtZU6RQoKV8gY5W6UhMudbR5vXnUe7j3pxse28=
-github.com/orisano/pixelmatch v0.0.0-20210112091706-4fa4c7ba91d5 h1:1SoBaSPudixRecmlHXb/GxmaD3fLMtHIDN13QujwQuc=
-github.com/orisano/pixelmatch v0.0.0-20210112091706-4fa4c7ba91d5/go.mod h1:nZgzbfBr3hhjoZnS66nKrHmduYNpc34ny7RK4z5/HM0=
 github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 h1:4DBwDE0NGyQoBHbLQYPwSUPoCMWR5BEzIk/f1lZbAQM=
 github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0/go.mod h1:iKH77koFhYxTK1pcRnkKkqfTogsbg7gZNVY4sRDYZ/4=
 github.com/sigurn/crc16 v0.0.0-20211026045750-20ab5afb07e3 h1:aQKxg3+2p+IFXXg97McgDGT5zcMrQoi0EICZs8Pgchs=
@@ -63,8 +44,6 @@ golang.org/x/sync v0.11.0/go.mod h1:Czt+wKu1gCyEFDUtn0jG5QVvpJ6rzVqr5aXyt9drQfk=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20190222072716-a9d3bda3a223/go.mod h1:STP8DvDyc/dI5b8T5hshtkjS+E42TnysNCUPdjciGhY=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20191008105621-543471e840be/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20191120155948-bd437916bb0e/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20201207223542-d4d67f95c62d/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20211124211545-fe61309f8881/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220811171246-fbc7d0a398ab/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.6.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.30.0 h1:QjkSwP/36a20jFYWkSue1YwXzLmsV5Gfq7Eiy72C1uc=

goenv/version.go

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import (
 
 // Version of TinyGo.
 // Update this value before release of new version of software.
-const version = "0.39.0-dev"
+const version = "0.41.0-dev"
 
 // Return TinyGo version, either in the form 0.30.0 or as a development version
 // (like 0.30.0-dev-abcd012).

interp/interp_test.go

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ package interp
 
 import (
 	"os"
-	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
@@ -11,25 +10,17 @@ import (
 )
 
 func TestInterp(t *testing.T) {
-	llvmVersion, err := strconv.Atoi(strings.Split(llvm.Version, ".")[0])
-	if err != nil {
-		// Note: this should never happen and if it does, it will always happen
-		// for a particular build because llvm.Version is a constant.
-		panic(err)
-	}
 	for _, name := range []string{
 		"basic",
 		"phi",
-		"slice-copy",
 		"consteval",
+		"intrinsics",
+		"copy",
 		"interface",
 		"revert",
 		"alloc",
 	} {
 		name := name // make local to this closure
-		if name == "slice-copy" && llvmVersion < 14 {
-			continue
-		}
 		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 			runTest(t, "testdata/"+name)

interp/interpreter.go

@@ -312,33 +312,28 @@ func (r *runner) run(fn *function, params []value, parentMem *memoryView, indent
 					fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, indent+"runtime.alloc:", size, "->", ptr)
 				}
 				locals[inst.localIndex] = ptr
-			case callFn.name == "runtime.sliceCopy":
-				// sliceCopy implements the built-in copy function for slices.
-				// It is implemented here so that it can be used even if the
-				// runtime implementation is not available. Doing it this way
-				// may also be faster.
-				// Code:
-				// func sliceCopy(dst, src unsafe.Pointer, dstLen, srcLen uintptr, elemSize uintptr) int {
-				//     n := srcLen
-				//     if n > dstLen {
-				//         n = dstLen
-				//     }
-				//     memmove(dst, src, n*elemSize)
-				//     return int(n)
-				// }
-				dstLen := operands[3].Uint(r)
-				srcLen := operands[4].Uint(r)
-				elemSize := operands[5].Uint(r)
-				n := srcLen
-				if n > dstLen {
-					n = dstLen
+			case strings.HasPrefix(callFn.name, "llvm.umin."):
+				locals[inst.localIndex] = makeLiteralInt(min(operands[1].Uint(r), operands[2].Uint(r)), inst.llvmInst.Type().IntTypeWidth())
+			case strings.HasPrefix(callFn.name, "llvm.smin."):
+				locals[inst.localIndex] = makeLiteralInt(uint64(min(operands[1].Int(r), operands[2].Int(r))), inst.llvmInst.Type().IntTypeWidth())
+			case strings.HasPrefix(callFn.name, "llvm.umax."):
+				locals[inst.localIndex] = makeLiteralInt(max(operands[1].Uint(r), operands[2].Uint(r)), inst.llvmInst.Type().IntTypeWidth())
+			case strings.HasPrefix(callFn.name, "llvm.smax."):
+				locals[inst.localIndex] = makeLiteralInt(uint64(max(operands[1].Int(r), operands[2].Int(r))), inst.llvmInst.Type().IntTypeWidth())
+			case strings.HasPrefix(callFn.name, "llvm.memcpy.p0") || strings.HasPrefix(callFn.name, "llvm.memmove.p0"):
+				// Copy a block of memory from one pointer to another.
+				if operands[4].Uint(r) != 0 {
+					// This is a volatile copy/move.
+					err := r.runAtRuntime(fn, inst, locals, &mem, indent)
+					if err != nil {
+						return nil, mem, err
+					}
+					continue
 				}
-				if r.debug {
-					fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, indent+"copy:", operands[1], operands[2], n)
-				}
-				if n != 0 {
+				nBytes := operands[3].Uint(r)
+				if nBytes != 0 {
 					// Only try to copy bytes when there are any bytes to copy.
-					// This is not just an optimization. If one of the slices
+					// This is not just an optimization. If one of the pointers
 					// (or both) are nil, the asPointer method call will fail
 					// even though copying a nil slice is allowed.
 					dst, err := operands[1].asPointer(r)
@@ -363,11 +358,10 @@ func (r *runner) run(fn *function, params []value, parentMem *memoryView, indent
 						}
 						continue
 					}
-					nBytes := uint32(n * elemSize)
 					srcObj := mem.get(src.index())
 					dstObj := mem.getWritable(dst.index())
 					if srcObj.buffer == nil || dstObj.buffer == nil {
-						// If the buffer is nil, it means the slice is external.
+						// If the buffer is nil, it means the memory is external.
 						// This can happen for example when copying data out of
 						// a //go:embed slice, which is not available at interp
 						// time.
@@ -380,33 +374,10 @@ func (r *runner) run(fn *function, params []value, parentMem *memoryView, indent
 					}
 					dstBuf := dstObj.buffer.asRawValue(r)
 					srcBuf := srcObj.buffer.asRawValue(r)
-					copy(dstBuf.buf[dst.offset():dst.offset()+nBytes], srcBuf.buf[src.offset():])
+					copy(dstBuf.buf[dst.offset():][:nBytes], srcBuf.buf[src.offset():][:nBytes])
 					dstObj.buffer = dstBuf
 					mem.put(dst.index(), dstObj)
 				}
-				locals[inst.localIndex] = makeLiteralInt(n, inst.llvmInst.Type().IntTypeWidth())
-			case strings.HasPrefix(callFn.name, "llvm.memcpy.p0") || strings.HasPrefix(callFn.name, "llvm.memmove.p0"):
-				// Copy a block of memory from one pointer to another.
-				dst, err := operands[1].asPointer(r)
-				if err != nil {
-					return nil, mem, r.errorAt(inst, err)
-				}
-				src, err := operands[2].asPointer(r)
-				if err != nil {
-					return nil, mem, r.errorAt(inst, err)
-				}
-				nBytes := uint32(operands[3].Uint(r))
-				dstObj := mem.getWritable(dst.index())
-				dstBuf := dstObj.buffer.asRawValue(r)
-				if mem.get(src.index()).buffer == nil {
-					// Looks like the source buffer is not defined.
-					// This can happen with //extern or //go:embed.
-					return nil, mem, r.errorAt(inst, errUnsupportedRuntimeInst)
-				}
-				srcBuf := mem.get(src.index()).buffer.asRawValue(r)
-				copy(dstBuf.buf[dst.offset():dst.offset()+nBytes], srcBuf.buf[src.offset():])
-				dstObj.buffer = dstBuf
-				mem.put(dst.index(), dstObj)
 			case callFn.name == "runtime.typeAssert":
 				// This function must be implemented manually as it is normally
 				// implemented by the interface lowering pass.
@@ -577,7 +548,7 @@ func (r *runner) run(fn *function, params []value, parentMem *memoryView, indent
 						// runtime instead of at compile time. But we need to
 						// revert any changes made by the call first.
 						if r.debug {
-							fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, indent+"!! revert because of error:", callErr.Err)
+							fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, indent+"!! revert because of error:", callErr.Error())
 						}
 						callMem.revert()
 						err := r.runAtRuntime(fn, inst, locals, &mem, indent)

interp/testdata/basic.out.ll

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ target triple = "x86_64--linux"
 @main.exposedValue2 = local_unnamed_addr global i16 0
 @main.insertedValue = local_unnamed_addr global { i8, i32, { float, { i64, i16 } } } zeroinitializer
 @main.gepArray = local_unnamed_addr global [8 x i8] zeroinitializer
-@main.negativeGEP = global ptr getelementptr inbounds (i8, ptr @main.negativeGEP, i64 2)
+@main.negativeGEP = global ptr getelementptr inbounds nuw (i8, ptr @main.negativeGEP, i64 2)
 
 declare void @runtime.printint64(i64) unnamed_addr
 

interp/testdata/consteval.out.ll

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ target triple = "x86_64--linux"
 @ptrToIntResult = local_unnamed_addr global i8 2
 @pointerTagResult = local_unnamed_addr global i64 2
 @someArray = internal global { i16, i8, i8 } zeroinitializer
-@someArrayPointer = local_unnamed_addr global ptr getelementptr inbounds (i8, ptr @someArray, i64 2)
+@someArrayPointer = local_unnamed_addr global ptr getelementptr inbounds nuw (i8, ptr @someArray, i64 2)
 
 define void @runtime.initAll() local_unnamed_addr {
   ret void

interp/testdata/copy.ll

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+target datalayout = "e-m:e-i64:64-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
+target triple = "x86_64--linux"
+
+@string = internal unnamed_addr constant [3 x i8] c"foo"
+@moveDst = global [3 x i8] zeroinitializer
+@copyDst = global [3 x i8] zeroinitializer
+
+@externalSrc = external global [2 x i8]
+@moveExternalDst = global [2 x i8] zeroinitializer
+
+@moveEscapedSrc = global [4 x i8] c"abcd"
+@moveEscapedDst = global [4 x i8] zeroinitializer
+
+@volatileSrc = global [2 x i8] c"xy"
+@volatileDst = global [2 x i8] zeroinitializer
+
+declare void @use(ptr)
+
+define void @runtime.initAll() {
+  call void @main.init()
+  ret void
+}
+
+define internal void @main.init() {
+  call void @testMove()
+  call void @testCopy()
+  call void @testMoveExternal()
+  call void @testMoveEscaped()
+  call void @testVolatileCopy()
+  ret void
+}
+
+; Test a simple memmove between globals.
+define internal void @testMove() {
+  call void @llvm.memmove.p0.p0.i64(ptr @moveDst, ptr @string, i64 3, i1 false)
+  ret void
+}
+
+; Test a simple memcpy between globals.
+define internal void @testCopy() {
+  call void @llvm.memcpy.p0.p0.i64(ptr @copyDst, ptr @string, i64 3, i1 false)
+  ret void
+}
+
+; Test a memmove from an external global.
+; This should be run at runtime.
+define internal void @testMoveExternal() {
+  call void @llvm.memmove.p0.p0.i64(ptr @moveExternalDst, ptr @externalSrc, i64 2, i1 false)
+  ret void
+}
+
+; Test a memmove from an escaped (and potentially modified) source buffer.
+define internal void @testMoveEscaped() {
+  call void @use(ptr @moveEscapedSrc)
+  call void @llvm.memmove.p0.p0.i64(ptr @moveEscapedDst, ptr @moveEscapedSrc, i64 4, i1 false)
+  ret void
+}
+
+; Test a volatile memcpy.
+; This should always be run at runtime.
+define internal void @testVolatileCopy() {
+  call void @llvm.memcpy.p0.p0.i64(ptr @volatileDst, ptr @volatileSrc, i64 2, i1 true)
+  ret void
+}
+
+declare void @llvm.memmove.p0.p0.i64(ptr, ptr, i64, i1)
+
+declare void @llvm.memcpy.p0.p0.i64(ptr, ptr, i64, i1)

interp/testdata/copy.out.ll

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+target datalayout = "e-m:e-i64:64-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
+target triple = "x86_64--linux"
+
+@moveDst = local_unnamed_addr global [3 x i8] c"foo"
+@copyDst = local_unnamed_addr global [3 x i8] c"foo"
+@externalSrc = external local_unnamed_addr global [2 x i8]
+@moveExternalDst = local_unnamed_addr global [2 x i8] zeroinitializer
+@moveEscapedSrc = global [4 x i8] c"abcd"
+@moveEscapedDst = local_unnamed_addr global [4 x i8] zeroinitializer
+@volatileSrc = global [2 x i8] c"xy"
+@volatileDst = global [2 x i8] zeroinitializer
+
+declare void @use(ptr) local_unnamed_addr
+
+define void @runtime.initAll() local_unnamed_addr {
+  call void @llvm.memmove.p0.p0.i64(ptr @moveExternalDst, ptr @externalSrc, i64 2, i1 false)
+  call void @use(ptr @moveEscapedSrc)
+  call void @llvm.memmove.p0.p0.i64(ptr @moveEscapedDst, ptr @moveEscapedSrc, i64 4, i1 false)
+  call void @llvm.memcpy.p0.p0.i64(ptr @volatileDst, ptr @volatileSrc, i64 2, i1 true)
+  ret void
+}
+
+declare void @llvm.memmove.p0.p0.i64(ptr nocapture writeonly, ptr nocapture readonly, i64, i1 immarg) #0
+
+declare void @llvm.memcpy.p0.p0.i64(ptr noalias nocapture writeonly, ptr noalias nocapture readonly, i64, i1 immarg) #0
+
+attributes #0 = { nocallback nofree nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite) }

interp/testdata/intrinsics.ll

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+target datalayout = "e-m:e-i64:64-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
+target triple = "x86_64--linux"
+
+@uminResult = global i32 0
+@sminResult = global i32 0
+@umaxResult = global i32 0
+@smaxResult = global i32 0
+
+define void @runtime.initAll() {
+  call void @main.init()
+  ret void
+}
+
+define internal void @main.init() {
+  call void @testUMin()
+  call void @testSMin()
+  call void @testUMax()
+  call void @testSMax()
+  ret void
+}
+
+define internal void @testUMin() {
+  %umin = call i32 @llvm.umin.i32(i32 12, i32 -1)
+  store i32 %umin, ptr @uminResult
+  ret void
+}
+
+declare i32 @llvm.umin.i32(i32, i32)
+
+define internal void @testSMin() {
+  %smin = call i32 @llvm.smin.i32(i32 12, i32 -1)
+  store i32 %smin, ptr @sminResult
+  ret void
+}
+
+declare i32 @llvm.smin.i32(i32, i32)
+
+define internal void @testUMax() {
+  %umax = call i32 @llvm.umax.i32(i32 12, i32 -1)
+  store i32 %umax, ptr @umaxResult
+  ret void
+}
+
+declare i32 @llvm.umax.i32(i32, i32)
+
+define internal void @testSMax() {
+  %smax = call i32 @llvm.smax.i32(i32 12, i32 -1)
+  store i32 %smax, ptr @smaxResult
+  ret void
+}
+
+declare i32 @llvm.smax.i32(i32, i32)

interp/testdata/intrinsics.out.ll

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+target datalayout = "e-m:e-i64:64-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
+target triple = "x86_64--linux"
+
+@uminResult = local_unnamed_addr global i32 12
+@sminResult = local_unnamed_addr global i32 -1
+@umaxResult = local_unnamed_addr global i32 -1
+@smaxResult = local_unnamed_addr global i32 12
+
+define void @runtime.initAll() local_unnamed_addr {
+  ret void
+}

interp/testdata/slice-copy.ll

@@ -1,124 +0,0 @@
-target datalayout = "e-m:e-i64:64-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
-target triple = "x86_64--linux"
-
-@main.uint8SliceSrc.buf = internal global [2 x i8] c"\03d"
-@main.uint8SliceSrc = internal unnamed_addr global { ptr, i64, i64 } { ptr @main.uint8SliceSrc.buf, i64 2, i64 2 }
-@main.uint8SliceDst = internal unnamed_addr global { ptr, i64, i64 } zeroinitializer
-@main.int16SliceSrc.buf = internal global [3 x i16] [i16 5, i16 123, i16 1024]
-@main.int16SliceSrc = internal unnamed_addr global { ptr, i64, i64 } { ptr @main.int16SliceSrc.buf, i64 3, i64 3 }
-@main.int16SliceDst = internal unnamed_addr global { ptr, i64, i64 } zeroinitializer
-@main.sliceSrcUntaint.buf = internal global [2 x i8] c"ab"
-@main.sliceDstUntaint.buf = internal global [2 x i8] zeroinitializer
-@main.sliceSrcTaint.buf = internal global [2 x i8] c"cd"
-@main.sliceDstTaint.buf = internal global [2 x i8] zeroinitializer
-@main.sliceSrcExternal1.buf = external global [2 x i8]
-@main.sliceDstExternal1.buf = internal global [2 x i8] zeroinitializer
-@main.sliceSrcExternal2.buf = internal global [2 x i8] zeroinitializer
-@main.sliceDstExternal2.buf = external global [2 x i8]
-
-declare i64 @runtime.sliceCopy(ptr %dst, ptr %src, i64 %dstLen, i64 %srcLen, i64 %elemSize) unnamed_addr
-
-declare ptr @runtime.alloc(i64, ptr) unnamed_addr
-
-declare void @runtime.printuint8(i8)
-
-declare void @runtime.printint16(i16)
-
-declare void @use(ptr)
-
-define void @runtime.initAll() unnamed_addr {
-entry:
-  call void @main.init()
-  ret void
-}
-
-define void @main() unnamed_addr {
-entry:
-  ; print(uintSliceSrc[0])
-  %uint8SliceSrc.buf = load ptr, ptr @main.uint8SliceSrc
-  %uint8SliceSrc.val = load i8, ptr %uint8SliceSrc.buf
-  call void @runtime.printuint8(i8 %uint8SliceSrc.val)
-
-  ; print(uintSliceDst[0])
-  %uint8SliceDst.buf = load ptr, ptr @main.uint8SliceDst
-  %uint8SliceDst.val = load i8, ptr %uint8SliceDst.buf
-  call void @runtime.printuint8(i8 %uint8SliceDst.val)
-
-  ; print(int16SliceSrc[0])
-  %int16SliceSrc.buf = load ptr, ptr @main.int16SliceSrc
-  %int16SliceSrc.val = load i16, ptr %int16SliceSrc.buf
-  call void @runtime.printint16(i16 %int16SliceSrc.val)
-
-  ; print(int16SliceDst[0])
-  %int16SliceDst.buf = load ptr, ptr @main.int16SliceDst
-  %int16SliceDst.val = load i16, ptr %int16SliceDst.buf
-  call void @runtime.printint16(i16 %int16SliceDst.val)
-
-  ; print(sliceDstUntaint[0])
-  %sliceDstUntaint.val = load i8, ptr getelementptr inbounds (i8, ptr @main.sliceDstUntaint.buf, i32 0)
-  call void @runtime.printuint8(i8 %sliceDstUntaint.val)
-
-  ; print(sliceDstTaint[0])
-  %sliceDstTaint.val = load i8, ptr getelementptr inbounds (i8, ptr @main.sliceDstTaint.buf, i32 0)
-  call void @runtime.printuint8(i8 %sliceDstTaint.val)
-
-  ; print(sliceDstExternal1[0])
-  %sliceDstExternal1.val = load i8, ptr getelementptr inbounds (i8, ptr @main.sliceDstExternal1.buf, i32 0)
-  call void @runtime.printuint8(i8 %sliceDstExternal1.val)
-
-  ; print(sliceDstExternal2[0])
-  %sliceDstExternal2.val = load i8, ptr getelementptr inbounds (i8, ptr @main.sliceDstExternal2.buf, i32 0)
-  call void @runtime.printuint8(i8 %sliceDstExternal2.val)
-
-  ret void
-}
-
-define internal void @main.init() unnamed_addr {
-entry:
-  ; equivalent of:
-  ;     uint8SliceDst = make([]uint8, len(uint8SliceSrc))
-  %uint8SliceSrc = load { ptr, i64, i64 }, ptr @main.uint8SliceSrc
-  %uint8SliceSrc.len = extractvalue { ptr, i64, i64 } %uint8SliceSrc, 1
-  %uint8SliceDst.buf = call ptr @runtime.alloc(i64 %uint8SliceSrc.len, ptr null)
-  %0 = insertvalue { ptr, i64, i64 } undef, ptr %uint8SliceDst.buf, 0
-  %1 = insertvalue { ptr, i64, i64 } %0, i64 %uint8SliceSrc.len, 1
-  %2 = insertvalue { ptr, i64, i64 } %1, i64 %uint8SliceSrc.len, 2
-  store { ptr, i64, i64 } %2, ptr @main.uint8SliceDst
-
-  ; equivalent of:
-  ;     copy(uint8SliceDst, uint8SliceSrc)
-  %uint8SliceSrc.buf = extractvalue { ptr, i64, i64 } %uint8SliceSrc, 0
-  %copy.n = call i64 @runtime.sliceCopy(ptr %uint8SliceDst.buf, ptr %uint8SliceSrc.buf, i64 %uint8SliceSrc.len, i64 %uint8SliceSrc.len, i64 1)
-
-  ; equivalent of:
-  ;     int16SliceDst = make([]int16, len(int16SliceSrc))
-  %int16SliceSrc = load { ptr, i64, i64 }, ptr @main.int16SliceSrc
-  %int16SliceSrc.len = extractvalue { ptr, i64, i64 } %int16SliceSrc, 1
-  %int16SliceSrc.len.bytes = mul i64 %int16SliceSrc.len, 2
-  %int16SliceDst.buf = call ptr @runtime.alloc(i64 %int16SliceSrc.len.bytes, ptr null)
-  %3 = insertvalue { ptr, i64, i64 } undef, ptr %int16SliceDst.buf, 0
-  %4 = insertvalue { ptr, i64, i64 } %3, i64 %int16SliceSrc.len, 1
-  %5 = insertvalue { ptr, i64, i64 } %4, i64 %int16SliceSrc.len, 2
-  store { ptr, i64, i64 } %5, ptr @main.int16SliceDst
-
-  ; equivalent of:
-  ;     copy(int16SliceDst, int16SliceSrc)
-  %int16SliceSrc.buf = extractvalue { ptr, i64, i64 } %int16SliceSrc, 0
-  %copy.n2 = call i64 @runtime.sliceCopy(ptr %int16SliceDst.buf, ptr %int16SliceSrc.buf, i64 %int16SliceSrc.len, i64 %int16SliceSrc.len, i64 2)
-
-  ; Copy slice that has a known value.
-  %copy.n3 = call i64 @runtime.sliceCopy(ptr @main.sliceDstUntaint.buf, ptr @main.sliceSrcUntaint.buf, i64 2, i64 2, i64 1)
-
-  ; Copy slice that might have been modified by the external @use call.
-  ; This is a fix for https://github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/issues/3890.
-  call void @use(ptr @main.sliceSrcTaint.buf)
-  %copy.n4 = call i64 @runtime.sliceCopy(ptr @main.sliceDstTaint.buf, ptr @main.sliceSrcTaint.buf, i64 2, i64 2, i64 1)
-
-  ; Test that copying from or into external buffers works correctly.
-  ; These copy operations must be done at runtime.
-  ; https://github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/issues/4895
-  %copy.n5 = call i64 @runtime.sliceCopy(ptr @main.sliceDstExternal1.buf, ptr @main.sliceSrcExternal1.buf, i64 2, i64 2, i64 1)
-  %copy.n6 = call i64 @runtime.sliceCopy(ptr @main.sliceDstExternal2.buf, ptr @main.sliceSrcExternal2.buf, i64 2, i64 2, i64 1)
-
-  ret void
-}

interp/testdata/slice-copy.out.ll

@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-target datalayout = "e-m:e-i64:64-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
-target triple = "x86_64--linux"
-
-@main.sliceSrcTaint.buf = internal global [2 x i8] c"cd"
-@main.sliceDstTaint.buf = internal global [2 x i8] zeroinitializer
-@main.sliceSrcExternal1.buf = external global [2 x i8]
-@main.sliceDstExternal1.buf = internal global [2 x i8] zeroinitializer
-@main.sliceSrcExternal2.buf = internal global [2 x i8] zeroinitializer
-@main.sliceDstExternal2.buf = external global [2 x i8]
-
-declare i64 @runtime.sliceCopy(ptr, ptr, i64, i64, i64) unnamed_addr
-
-declare void @runtime.printuint8(i8) local_unnamed_addr
-
-declare void @runtime.printint16(i16) local_unnamed_addr
-
-declare void @use(ptr) local_unnamed_addr
-
-define void @runtime.initAll() unnamed_addr {
-entry:
-  call void @use(ptr @main.sliceSrcTaint.buf)
-  %copy.n4 = call i64 @runtime.sliceCopy(ptr @main.sliceDstTaint.buf, ptr @main.sliceSrcTaint.buf, i64 2, i64 2, i64 1)
-  %copy.n5 = call i64 @runtime.sliceCopy(ptr @main.sliceDstExternal1.buf, ptr @main.sliceSrcExternal1.buf, i64 2, i64 2, i64 1)
-  %copy.n6 = call i64 @runtime.sliceCopy(ptr @main.sliceDstExternal2.buf, ptr @main.sliceSrcExternal2.buf, i64 2, i64 2, i64 1)
-  ret void
-}
-
-define void @main() unnamed_addr {
-entry:
-  call void @runtime.printuint8(i8 3)
-  call void @runtime.printuint8(i8 3)
-  call void @runtime.printint16(i16 5)
-  call void @runtime.printint16(i16 5)
-  call void @runtime.printuint8(i8 97)
-  %sliceDstTaint.val = load i8, ptr @main.sliceDstTaint.buf, align 1
-  call void @runtime.printuint8(i8 %sliceDstTaint.val)
-  %sliceDstExternal1.val = load i8, ptr @main.sliceDstExternal1.buf, align 1
-  call void @runtime.printuint8(i8 %sliceDstExternal1.val)
-  %sliceDstExternal2.val = load i8, ptr @main.sliceDstExternal2.buf, align 1
-  call void @runtime.printuint8(i8 %sliceDstExternal2.val)
-  ret void
-}

main.go

@@ -1635,6 +1635,7 @@ func main() {
 	cpuprofile := flag.String("cpuprofile", "", "cpuprofile output")
 	monitor := flag.Bool("monitor", false, "enable serial monitor")
 	baudrate := flag.Int("baudrate", 115200, "baudrate of serial monitor")
+	gocompatibility := flag.Bool("go-compatibility", true, "enable to check for Go versions compatibility, you can also configure this by setting the TINYGO_GOCOMPATIBILITY environment variable")
 
 	// Internal flags, that are only intended for TinyGo development.
 	printIR := flag.Bool("internal-printir", false, "print LLVM IR")
@@ -1712,6 +1713,16 @@ func main() {
 		ocdCommands = strings.Split(*ocdCommandsString, ",")
 	}
 
+	val, ok := os.LookupEnv("TINYGO_GOCOMPATIBILITY")
+	if ok {
+		b, err := strconv.ParseBool(val)
+		if err != nil {
+			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "could not parse TINYGO_GOCOMPATIBILITY value %q: %v\n", val, err)
+			os.Exit(1)
+		}
+		*gocompatibility = b
+	}
+
 	options := &compileopts.Options{
 		GOOS:            goenv.Get("GOOS"),
 		GOARCH:          goenv.Get("GOARCH"),
@@ -1748,6 +1759,7 @@ func main() {
 		Timeout:         *timeout,
 		WITPackage:      witPackage,
 		WITWorld:        witWorld,
+		GoCompatibility: *gocompatibility,
 	}
 	if *printCommands {
 		options.PrintCommands = printCommand

main_test.go

@@ -222,6 +222,7 @@ func TestBuild(t *testing.T) {
 			// to be sure.
 			t.Parallel()
 			options := optionsFromOSARCH("linux/mipsle/softfloat", sema)
+			emuCheck(t, options)
 			runTest("cgo/", options, t, nil, nil)
 		})
 	} else if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {

monitor.go

@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ func Monitor(executable, port string, config *compileopts.Config) error {
 		// Use the RTT interface, which is documented (in part) here:
 		// https://wiki.segger.com/RTT
 
-		// Try to find the "machine.rttSerialInstance" symbol, which is the RTT
-		// control block.
+		// Try to find the "_SEGGER_RTT" symbol (machine.rttSerialInstance)
+		// symbol, which is the RTT control block.
 		file, err := elf.Open(executable)
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("could not open ELF file to determine RTT control block: %w", err)
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ func Monitor(executable, port string, config *compileopts.Config) error {
 		}
 		var address uint64
 		for _, symbol := range symbols {
-			if symbol.Name == "machine.rttSerialInstance" {
+			if symbol.Name == "_SEGGER_RTT" {
 				address = symbol.Value
 				break
 			}

src/device/arm/arm.go

@@ -48,10 +48,10 @@ func Asm(asm string)
 // recognizes template values in the form {name}, like so:
 //
 //	arm.AsmFull(
-//	    "str {value}, {result}",
+//	    "str {value}, [{result}]",
 //	    map[string]interface{}{
-//	        "value":  1
-//	        "result": &dest,
+//	        "value":  1,
+//	        "result": uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&dest)),
 //	    })
 //
 // You can use {} in the asm string (which expands to a register) to set the

src/device/arm/cortexm.S

@@ -1,29 +1,6 @@
 .syntax unified
 .cfi_sections .debug_frame
 
-.section .text.HardFault_Handler
-.global  HardFault_Handler
-.type    HardFault_Handler, %function
-HardFault_Handler:
-    .cfi_startproc
-    // Put the old stack pointer in the first argument, for easy debugging. This
-    // is especially useful on Cortex-M0, which supports far fewer debug
-    // facilities.
-    mov r0, sp
-
-    // Load the default stack pointer from address 0 so that we can call normal
-    // functions again that expect a working stack. However, it will corrupt the
-    // old stack so the function below must not attempt to recover from this
-    // fault.
-    movs r3, #0
-    ldr r3, [r3]
-    mov sp, r3
-
-    // Continue handling this error in Go.
-    bl handleHardFault
-    .cfi_endproc
-.size HardFault_Handler, .-HardFault_Handler
-
 // This is a convenience function for semihosting support.
 // At some point, this should be replaced by inline assembly.
 .section .text.SemihostingCall

src/device/arm64/arm64.go

@@ -10,10 +10,10 @@ func Asm(asm string)
 // recognizes template values in the form {name}, like so:
 //
 //	arm.AsmFull(
-//	    "str {value}, {result}",
+//	    "str {value}, [{result}]",
 //	    map[string]interface{}{
-//	        "value":  1
-//	        "result": &dest,
+//	        "value":  1,
+//	        "result": uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&dest)),
 //	    })
 //
 // You can use {} in the asm string (which expands to a register) to set the

src/device/asm.go

@@ -10,10 +10,10 @@ func Asm(asm string)
 // recognizes template values in the form {name}, like so:
 //
 //	arm.AsmFull(
-//	    "str {value}, {result}",
+//	    "str {value}, [{result}]",
 //	    map[string]interface{}{
-//	        "value":  1
-//	        "result": &dest,
+//	        "value":  1,
+//	        "result": uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&dest)),
 //	    })
 //
 // You can use {} in the asm string (which expands to a register) to set the

src/device/riscv/riscv.go

@@ -10,10 +10,10 @@ func Asm(asm string)
 // recognizes template values in the form {name}, like so:
 //
 //	arm.AsmFull(
-//	    "st {value}, {result}",
+//	    "st {value}, [{result}]",
 //	    map[string]interface{}{
-//	        "value":  1
-//	        "result": &dest,
+//	        "value":  1,
+//	        "result": uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&dest)),
 //	    })
 //
 // You can use {} in the asm string (which expands to a register) to set the

src/examples/pwm/digispark.go

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+//go:build digispark
+
+package main
+
+import "machine"
+
+var (
+	// Use Timer1 for PWM (recommended for ATtiny85)
+	pwm  = machine.Timer1
+	pinA = machine.P1 // PB1, Timer1 channel A (LED pin)
+	pinB = machine.P4 // PB4, Timer1 channel B
+)

src/internal/gclayout/gclayout.go

@@ -13,12 +13,14 @@ const (
 	// 64-bit int => bits = 6
 	sizeBits = 4 + unsafe.Sizeof(uintptr(0))/4
 
+	ptrAlign = unsafe.Alignof(uintptr(0))
+
 	sizeShift = sizeBits + 1
 
-	NoPtrs  = Layout(uintptr(0b0<<sizeShift) | uintptr(0b1<<1) | uintptr(1))
-	Pointer = Layout(uintptr(0b1<<sizeShift) | uintptr(0b1<<1) | uintptr(1))
-	String  = Layout(uintptr(0b01<<sizeShift) | uintptr(0b10<<1) | uintptr(1))
-	Slice   = Layout(uintptr(0b001<<sizeShift) | uintptr(0b11<<1) | uintptr(1))
+	NoPtrs  = Layout((0 << sizeShift) | (1 << 1) | 1)
+	Pointer = Layout((1 << sizeShift) | ((unsafe.Sizeof(unsafe.Pointer(nil)) / ptrAlign) << 1) | 1)
+	String  = Layout((1 << sizeShift) | ((unsafe.Sizeof("") / ptrAlign) << 1) | 1)
+	Slice   = Layout((1 << sizeShift) | ((unsafe.Sizeof([]byte{}) / ptrAlign) << 1) | 1)
 )
 
 func (l Layout) AsPtr() unsafe.Pointer { return unsafe.Pointer(l) }

src/internal/reflectlite/value.go

@@ -86,6 +86,64 @@ func (v Value) Interface() interface{} {
 	return valueInterfaceUnsafe(v)
 }
 
+func TypeAssert[T any](v Value) (T, bool) {
+	if v.typecode == nil {
+		panic("reflect.TypeAssert: zero Value")
+	}
+	if !v.isExported() {
+		// Do not allow access to unexported values via TypeAssert,
+		// because they might be pointers that should not be
+		// writable or methods or function that should not be callable.
+		panic("reflect.TypeAssert: cannot return value obtained from unexported field or method")
+	}
+
+	typ := TypeFor[T]()
+
+	// If v is an interface, return the element inside the interface.
+	//
+	// T is a concrete type and v is an interface. For example:
+	//
+	//	var v any = int(1)
+	//	val := ValueOf(&v).Elem()
+	//	TypeAssert[int](val) == val.Interface().(int)
+	//
+	// T is a interface and v is a non-nil interface value. For example:
+	//
+	//	var v any = &someError{}
+	//	val := ValueOf(&v).Elem()
+	//	TypeAssert[error](val) == val.Interface().(error)
+	//
+	// T is a interface and v is a nil interface value. For example:
+	//
+	//	var v error = nil
+	//	val := ValueOf(&v).Elem()
+	//	TypeAssert[error](val) == val.Interface().(error)
+	if v.Kind() == Interface {
+		val, ok := valueInterfaceUnsafe(v).(T)
+		return val, ok
+	}
+
+	// If T is an interface and v is a concrete type. For example:
+	//
+	//	TypeAssert[any](ValueOf(1)) == ValueOf(1).Interface().(any)
+	//	TypeAssert[error](ValueOf(&someError{})) == ValueOf(&someError{}).Interface().(error)
+	if typ.Kind() == Interface {
+		val, ok := valueInterfaceUnsafe(v).(T)
+		return val, ok
+	}
+
+	// Both v and T must be concrete types.
+	// The only way for an type-assertion to match is if the types are equal.
+	if typ != v.typecode {
+		var zero T
+		return zero, false
+	}
+	if !v.isIndirect() {
+		return *(*T)(unsafe.Pointer(&v.value)), true
+	}
+	return *(*T)(v.value), true
+}
+
 // valueInterfaceUnsafe is used by the runtime to hash map keys. It should not
 // be subject to the isExported check.
 func valueInterfaceUnsafe(v Value) interface{} {
@@ -1738,6 +1796,9 @@ func (e *ValueError) Error() string {
 //go:linkname memcpy runtime.memcpy
 func memcpy(dst, src unsafe.Pointer, size uintptr)
 
+//go:linkname memmove runtime.memmove
+func memmove(dst, src unsafe.Pointer, size uintptr)
+
 //go:linkname memzero runtime.memzero
 func memzero(ptr unsafe.Pointer, size uintptr)
 
@@ -1745,10 +1806,7 @@ func memzero(ptr unsafe.Pointer, size uintptr)
 func alloc(size uintptr, layout unsafe.Pointer) unsafe.Pointer
 
 //go:linkname sliceAppend runtime.sliceAppend
-func sliceAppend(srcBuf, elemsBuf unsafe.Pointer, srcLen, srcCap, elemsLen uintptr, elemSize uintptr) (unsafe.Pointer, uintptr, uintptr)
-
-//go:linkname sliceCopy runtime.sliceCopy
-func sliceCopy(dst, src unsafe.Pointer, dstLen, srcLen uintptr, elemSize uintptr) int
+func sliceAppend(srcBuf, elemsBuf unsafe.Pointer, srcLen, srcCap, elemsLen uintptr, elemSize uintptr, layout unsafe.Pointer) (unsafe.Pointer, uintptr, uintptr)
 
 // Copy copies the contents of src into dst until either
 // dst has been filled or src has been exhausted.
@@ -1779,7 +1837,10 @@ func Copy(dst, src Value) int {
 		dst.checkRO()
 	}
 
-	return sliceCopy(dstbuf, srcbuf, dstlen, srclen, dst.typecode.elem().Size())
+	minLen := min(dstlen, srclen)
+	elemSize := dst.typecode.elem().Size()
+	memmove(dstbuf, srcbuf, minLen*elemSize)
+	return int(minLen)
 }
 
 func buflen(v Value) (unsafe.Pointer, uintptr) {
@@ -1810,7 +1871,7 @@ func buflen(v Value) (unsafe.Pointer, uintptr) {
 }
 
 //go:linkname sliceGrow runtime.sliceGrow
-func sliceGrow(buf unsafe.Pointer, oldLen, oldCap, newCap, elemSize uintptr) (unsafe.Pointer, uintptr, uintptr)
+func sliceGrow(buf unsafe.Pointer, oldLen, oldCap, newCap, elemSize uintptr, layout unsafe.Pointer) (unsafe.Pointer, uintptr, uintptr)
 
 // extend slice to hold n new elements
 func extendSlice(v Value, n int) sliceHeader {
@@ -1823,7 +1884,10 @@ func extendSlice(v Value, n int) sliceHeader {
 		old = *(*sliceHeader)(v.value)
 	}
 
-	nbuf, nlen, ncap := sliceGrow(old.data, old.len, old.cap, old.len+uintptr(n), v.typecode.elem().Size())
+	elem := v.typecode.elem()
+	elemSize := elem.Size()
+	elemLayout := elem.gcLayout()
+	nbuf, nlen, ncap := sliceGrow(old.data, old.len, old.cap, old.len+uintptr(n), elemSize, elemLayout)
 
 	return sliceHeader{
 		data: nbuf,
@@ -1862,8 +1926,10 @@ func AppendSlice(s, t Value) Value {
 	}
 	sSlice := (*sliceHeader)(s.value)
 	tSlice := (*sliceHeader)(t.value)
-	elemSize := s.typecode.elem().Size()
-	ptr, len, cap := sliceAppend(sSlice.data, tSlice.data, sSlice.len, sSlice.cap, tSlice.len, elemSize)
+	elem := s.typecode.elem()
+	elemSize := elem.Size()
+	elemLayout := elem.gcLayout()
+	ptr, len, cap := sliceAppend(sSlice.data, tSlice.data, sSlice.len, sSlice.cap, tSlice.len, elemSize, elemLayout)
 	result := &sliceHeader{
 		data: ptr,
 		len:  len,

src/internal/task/task_asyncify.go

@@ -108,6 +108,10 @@ func (*stackState) unwind()
 func (t *Task) Resume() {
 	// The current task must be saved and restored because this can nest on WASM with JS.
 	prevTask := currentTask
+	if prevTask == nil {
+		// Save the system stack pointer.
+		saveStackPointer()
+	}
 	t.gcData.swap()
 	currentTask = t
 	if !t.state.launched {
@@ -123,6 +127,9 @@ func (t *Task) Resume() {
 	}
 }
 
+//go:linkname saveStackPointer runtime.saveStackPointer
+func saveStackPointer()
+
 //export tinygo_rewind
 func (*state) rewind()
 

src/internal/task/task_stack_esp32.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//go:build scheduler.tasks && esp32
+//go:build scheduler.tasks && (esp32 || esp32s3)
 
 package task
 

src/internal/task/task_threads.c

@@ -120,15 +120,21 @@ int tinygo_task_start(uintptr_t fn, void *args, void *task, pthread_t *thread, u
     #endif
     pthread_attr_t attrs;
     pthread_attr_init(&attrs);
+	pthread_attr_setdetachstate(&attrs, PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED);
     pthread_attr_setstacksize(&attrs, stackSize);
     int result = pthread_create(thread, &attrs, &start_wrapper, &state);
     pthread_attr_destroy(&attrs);
+	if (result != 0) {
+		return result;
+	}
 
     // Wait until the thread has been created and read all state_pass variables.
     #if __APPLE__
     dispatch_semaphore_wait(state.startlock, DISPATCH_TIME_FOREVER);
+    dispatch_release(state.startlock);
     #else
     sem_wait(&state.startlock);
+    sem_destroy(&state.startlock);
     #endif
 
     return result;

src/internal/task/task_threads.go

@@ -23,16 +23,15 @@ type state struct {
 	// is needed to be able to scan the stack.
 	stackTop uintptr
 
+	// Lowest address of the stack.
+	// This is populated when the thread is stopped by the GC.
+	stackBottom uintptr
+
 	// Next task in the activeTasks queue.
 	QueueNext *Task
 
 	// Semaphore to pause/resume the thread atomically.
 	pauseSem Semaphore
-
-	// Semaphore used for stack scanning.
-	// We can't reuse pauseSem here since the thread might have been paused for
-	// other reasons (for example, because it was waiting on a channel).
-	gcSem Semaphore
 }
 
 // Goroutine counter, starting at 0 for the main goroutine.
@@ -96,6 +95,9 @@ func (t *Task) Resume() {
 	t.state.pauseSem.Post()
 }
 
+// otherGoroutines is the total number of live goroutines minus one.
+var otherGoroutines uint32
+
 // Start a new OS thread.
 func start(fn uintptr, args unsafe.Pointer, stackSize uintptr) {
 	t := &Task{}
@@ -115,6 +117,7 @@ func start(fn uintptr, args unsafe.Pointer, stackSize uintptr) {
 	}
 	t.state.QueueNext = activeTasks
 	activeTasks = t
+	otherGoroutines++
 	activeTaskLock.Unlock()
 }
 
@@ -135,6 +138,7 @@ func taskExited(t *Task) {
 			break
 		}
 	}
+	otherGoroutines--
 	activeTaskLock.Unlock()
 
 	// Sanity check.
@@ -143,9 +147,42 @@ func taskExited(t *Task) {
 	}
 }
 
-// Futex to wait on until all tasks have finished scanning the stack.
-// This is basically a sync.WaitGroup.
-var scanDoneFutex Futex
+// scanWaitGroup is used to wait on until all threads have finished the current state transition.
+var scanWaitGroup waitGroup
+
+type waitGroup struct {
+	f Futex
+}
+
+func initWaitGroup(n uint32) waitGroup {
+	var wg waitGroup
+	wg.f.Store(n)
+	return wg
+}
+
+func (wg *waitGroup) done() {
+	if wg.f.Add(^uint32(0)) == 0 {
+		wg.f.WakeAll()
+	}
+}
+
+func (wg *waitGroup) wait() {
+	for {
+		val := wg.f.Load()
+		if val == 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		wg.f.Wait(val)
+	}
+}
+
+// gcState is used to track and notify threads when the GC is stopping/resuming.
+var gcState Futex
+
+const (
+	gcStateResumed = iota
+	gcStateStopped
+)
 
 // GC scan phase. Because we need to stop the world while scanning, this kinda
 // needs to be done in the tasks package.
@@ -155,65 +192,71 @@ var scanDoneFutex Futex
 func GCStopWorldAndScan() {
 	current := Current()
 
-	// Don't allow new goroutines to be started while pausing/resuming threads
-	// in the stop-the-world phase.
-	activeTaskLock.Lock()
+	// NOTE: This does not need to be atomic.
+	if gcState.Load() == gcStateResumed {
+		// Don't allow new goroutines to be started while pausing/resuming threads
+		// in the stop-the-world phase.
+		activeTaskLock.Lock()
 
-	// Pause all other threads.
-	numOtherThreads := uint32(0)
-	for t := activeTasks; t != nil; t = t.state.QueueNext {
-		if t != current {
-			numOtherThreads++
-			tinygo_task_send_gc_signal(t.state.thread)
+		// Wait for threads to finish resuming.
+		scanWaitGroup.wait()
+
+		// Change the gc state to stopped.
+		// NOTE: This does not need to be atomic.
+		gcState.Store(gcStateStopped)
+
+		// Set the number of threads to wait for.
+		scanWaitGroup = initWaitGroup(otherGoroutines)
+
+		// Pause all other threads.
+		for t := activeTasks; t != nil; t = t.state.QueueNext {
+			if t != current {
+				tinygo_task_send_gc_signal(t.state.thread)
+			}
 		}
+
+		// Wait for the threads to finish stopping.
+		scanWaitGroup.wait()
 	}
 
-	// Store the number of threads to wait for in the futex.
-	// This is the equivalent of doing an initial wg.Add(numOtherThreads).
-	scanDoneFutex.Store(numOtherThreads)
+	// Scan other thread stacks.
+	for t := activeTasks; t != nil; t = t.state.QueueNext {
+		if t != current {
+			markRoots(t.state.stackBottom, t.state.stackTop)
+		}
+	}
 
 	// Scan the current stack, and all current registers.
 	scanCurrentStack()
 
-	// Wake each paused thread for the first time so it will scan the stack.
-	for t := activeTasks; t != nil; t = t.state.QueueNext {
-		if t != current {
-			t.state.gcSem.Post()
-		}
-	}
-
-	// Wait until all threads have finished scanning their stack.
-	// This is the equivalent of wg.Wait()
-	for {
-		val := scanDoneFutex.Load()
-		if val == 0 {
-			break
-		}
-		scanDoneFutex.Wait(val)
-	}
-
 	// Scan all globals (implemented in the runtime).
 	gcScanGlobals()
 }
 
 // After the GC is done scanning, resume all other threads.
-//
-// This must only be called after a GCStopWorldAndScan call.
 func GCResumeWorld() {
-	current := Current()
-
-	// Wake each paused thread for the second time, so they will resume normal
-	// operation.
-	for t := activeTasks; t != nil; t = t.state.QueueNext {
-		if t != current {
-			t.state.gcSem.Post()
-		}
+	// NOTE: This does not need to be atomic.
+	if gcState.Load() == gcStateResumed {
+		// This is already resumed.
+		return
 	}
 
+	// Set the wait group to track resume progress.
+	scanWaitGroup = initWaitGroup(otherGoroutines)
+
+	// Set the state to resumed.
+	gcState.Store(gcStateResumed)
+
+	// Wake all of the stopped threads.
+	gcState.WakeAll()
+
 	// Allow goroutines to start and exit again.
 	activeTaskLock.Unlock()
 }
 
+//go:linkname markRoots runtime.markRoots
+func markRoots(start, end uintptr)
+
 // Scan globals, implemented in the runtime package.
 func gcScanGlobals()
 
@@ -221,34 +264,27 @@ var stackScanLock PMutex
 
 //export tinygo_task_gc_pause
 func tingyo_task_gc_pause(sig int32) {
-	// Wait until we get the signal to start scanning the stack.
-	Current().state.gcSem.Wait()
+	// Write the entrty stack pointer to the state.
+	Current().state.stackBottom = uintptr(stacksave())
 
-	// Scan the thread stack.
-	// Only scan a single thread stack at a time, because the GC marking phase
-	// doesn't support parallelism.
-	// TODO: it may be possible to call markRoots directly (without saving
-	// registers) since we are in a signal handler that already saved a bunch of
-	// registers. This is an optimization left for a future time.
-	stackScanLock.Lock()
-	scanCurrentStack()
-	stackScanLock.Unlock()
+	// Notify the GC that we are stopped.
+	scanWaitGroup.done()
 
-	// Equivalent of wg.Done(): subtract one from the futex and if the result is
-	// 0 (meaning we were the last in the waitgroup), wake the waiting thread.
-	n := uint32(1)
-	if scanDoneFutex.Add(-n) == 0 {
-		scanDoneFutex.Wake()
+	// Wait for the GC to resume.
+	for gcState.Load() == gcStateStopped {
+		gcState.Wait(gcStateStopped)
 	}
 
-	// Wait until we get the signal we can resume normally (after the mark phase
-	// has finished).
-	Current().state.gcSem.Wait()
+	// Notify the GC that we have resumed.
+	scanWaitGroup.done()
 }
 
 //go:export tinygo_scanCurrentStack
 func scanCurrentStack()
 
+//go:linkname stacksave runtime.stacksave
+func stacksave() unsafe.Pointer
+
 // Return the highest address of the current stack.
 func StackTop() uintptr {
 	return Current().state.stackTop

src/machine/board_amken_trio.go

@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+//go:build amken_trio
+
+// RabbitPNP Toolhead Board
+// MCU: STM32G0B1CBTx (LQFP48, 128KB Flash, 144KB RAM)
+
+package machine
+
+import (
+	"device/stm32"
+	"runtime/interrupt"
+)
+
+// Vacuum sensors (PWM input via TIM2)
+const (
+	VAC1 = PA0 // TIM2_CH1
+	VAC2 = PA1 // TIM2_CH2
+)
+
+// Motor 1 pins (stepper driver)
+const (
+	M1_CS   = PC7
+	M1_DIR  = PB13 // REFL
+	M1_STEP = PB14 // REFR
+	M1_ENN  = PA10 // Enable (active low)
+)
+
+// Motor 2 pins (stepper driver)
+const (
+	M2_CS   = PA9
+	M2_DIR  = PB12 // REFL
+	M2_STEP = PB11 // REFR
+	M2_ENN  = PC6  // Enable (active low)
+)
+
+// Motor 3 pins (stepper driver)
+const (
+	M3_CS   = PB15
+	M3_DIR  = PB2 // REFL
+	M3_STEP = PB1 // REFR
+	M3_ENN  = PA8 // Enable (active low)
+)
+
+// LED
+const (
+	LED         = LED1
+	LED_BUILTIN = LED1
+	LED1        = PB7
+)
+
+// Solenoid and Neopixel (PWM via TIM4)
+const (
+	SOLENOID = PB8 // TIM4_CH3
+	NEOPIXEL = PB9 // TIM4_CH4
+)
+
+// Endstops
+const (
+	ENDSTOP_IN1 = PC13
+	ENDSTOP_IN2 = PC14
+)
+
+// Magnetic sensor
+const (
+	MAG1 = PB3
+)
+
+// Accelerometer chip select (LIS2D on SPI2)
+const (
+	LIS2D_CS = PB5
+)
+
+// SPI1 pins (motor drivers)
+const (
+	SPI1_SCK_PIN = PA5
+	SPI1_SDO_PIN = PA2 // MOSI
+	SPI1_SDI_PIN = PA6 // MISO
+	SPI0_SCK_PIN = SPI1_SCK_PIN
+	SPI0_SDO_PIN = SPI1_SDO_PIN
+	SPI0_SDI_PIN = SPI1_SDI_PIN
+)
+
+// SPI2 pins (accelerometer)
+const (
+	SPI2_SCK_PIN = PB10
+	SPI2_SDO_PIN = PA4 // MOSI
+	SPI2_SDI_PIN = PA3 // MISO
+)
+
+// I2C2 pins
+const (
+	I2C2_SCL_PIN = PA7
+	I2C2_SDA_PIN = PB4
+	I2C0_SCL_PIN = I2C2_SCL_PIN
+	I2C0_SDA_PIN = I2C2_SDA_PIN
+)
+
+// FDCAN1 pins
+const (
+	CAN_RX = PD0
+	CAN_TX = PD1
+)
+
+// USB pins
+const (
+	USB_DM = PA11
+	USB_DP = PA12
+)
+
+// UART pins (not directly connected but required by machine package)
+const (
+	UART_TX_PIN = NoPin
+	UART_RX_PIN = NoPin
+)
+
+var (
+	// SPI1 for motor drivers
+	SPI1 = &SPI{
+		Bus:             stm32.SPI1,
+		AltFuncSelector: AF0_SYSTEM,
+	}
+	SPI0 = SPI1
+
+	// SPI2 for accelerometer
+	SPI2 = &SPI{
+		Bus:             stm32.SPI2,
+		AltFuncSelector: AF1_TIM1_TIM2_TIM3_LPTIM1,
+	}
+
+	// I2C2
+	I2C2 = &I2C{
+		Bus:             stm32.I2C2,
+		AltFuncSelector: AF6_SPI2_USART3_USART4_I2C1,
+	}
+	I2C0 = I2C2
+
+	// FDCAN1 on PD0 (RX) / PD1 (TX) with onboard transceiver
+	CAN1  = &_CAN1
+	_CAN1 = CAN{
+		Bus:             stm32.FDCAN1,
+		TxAltFuncSelect: AF3_FDCAN1_FDCAN2,
+		RxAltFuncSelect: AF3_FDCAN1_FDCAN2,
+		instance:        0,
+	}
+	// Alias for convenience
+	CAN0 = CAN1
+)
+
+// Suppress unused import warning for interrupt package
+var _ = interrupt.New
+
+func init() {
+	// No UART configured on this board - uses USB or CAN for communication
+}

src/machine/board_digispark.go

@@ -2,17 +2,26 @@
 
 package machine
 
+// Digispark is a tiny ATtiny85-based board with 6 I/O pins.
+//
+// PWM is available on the following pins:
+//   - P0 (PB0): Timer0 channel A
+//   - P1 (PB1): Timer0 channel B or Timer1 channel A (LED pin)
+//   - P4 (PB4): Timer1 channel B
+//
+// Timer1 is recommended for PWM as it provides more flexible frequency control.
+
 // Return the current CPU frequency in hertz.
 func CPUFrequency() uint32 {
 	return 16000000
 }
 
 const (
-	P0 Pin = PB0
-	P1 Pin = PB1
+	P0 Pin = PB0 // PWM available (Timer0 OC0A)
+	P1 Pin = PB1 // PWM available (Timer0 OC0B or Timer1 OC1A)
 	P2 Pin = PB2
 	P3 Pin = PB3
-	P4 Pin = PB4
+	P4 Pin = PB4 // PWM available (Timer1 OC1B)
 	P5 Pin = PB5
 
 	LED = P1

src/machine/board_esp32s3-wroom1.go

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+//go:build esp32s3_wroom1
+
+package machine
+
+const (
+	SPI1_SCK_PIN  = GPIO12 // SCK
+	SPI1_MOSI_PIN = GPIO11 // SDO (MOSI)
+	SPI1_MISO_PIN = GPIO13 // SDI (MISO)
+	SPI1_CS_PIN   = GPIO10 // CS
+
+	SPI2_SCK_PIN  = GPIO36 // SCK
+	SPI2_MOSI_PIN = GPIO35 // SDO (MOSI)
+	SPI2_MISO_PIN = GPIO37 // SDI (MISO)
+	SPI2_CS_PIN   = GPIO34 // CS
+)

src/machine/board_fe310.go

@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ const (
 	P09 Pin = 9
 	P10 Pin = 10
 	P11 Pin = 11
-	P12 Pin = 12
-	P13 Pin = 13
+	P12 Pin = 12 // peripherals: I2C0 SDA
+	P13 Pin = 13 // peripherals: I2C0 SCL
 	P14 Pin = 14
 	P15 Pin = 15
 	P16 Pin = 16

src/machine/board_feather-m0.go

@@ -43,6 +43,15 @@ const (
 	USBCDC_DP_PIN = PA25
 )
 
+// UART0 pins
+const (
+	UART0_TX_PIN = D1
+	UART0_RX_PIN = D0
+)
+
+// UART0 on the Feather M0.
+var UART0 = &sercomUSART0
+
 // UART1 pins
 const (
 	UART_TX_PIN = D10

src/machine/board_gopher-arcade.go

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+//go:build gopher_arcade
+
+package machine
+
+// Return the current CPU frequency in hertz.
+func CPUFrequency() uint32 {
+	return 8000000
+}
+
+const (
+	P5 Pin = PB0
+	P6 Pin = PB1
+	P7 Pin = PB2
+	P2 Pin = PB3
+	P3 Pin = PB4
+	P1 Pin = PB5
+
+	LED          = P1
+	BUTTON_LEFT  = P7
+	BUTTON_RIGHT = P5
+	SPEAKER      = P6
+)

src/machine/board_nucleog0b1re.go

@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+//go:build nucleog0b1re
+
+// Schematic: https://www.st.com/resource/en/user_manual/um2324-stm32-nucleo64-boards-mb1360-stmicroelectronics.pdf
+// Datasheet: https://www.st.com/resource/en/datasheet/stm32g0b1re.pdf
+
+package machine
+
+import (
+	"device/stm32"
+	"runtime/interrupt"
+)
+
+const (
+	// Arduino Pins
+	A0 = PA0
+	A1 = PA1
+	A2 = PA4
+	A3 = PB1
+	A4 = PA11
+	A5 = PA12
+
+	D0  = PB7
+	D1  = PB6
+	D2  = PA10
+	D3  = PB3
+	D4  = PB5
+	D5  = PB4
+	D6  = PB10
+	D7  = PA8
+	D8  = PA9
+	D9  = PC7
+	D10 = PB0
+	D11 = PA7
+	D12 = PA6
+	D13 = PA5
+	D14 = PB9
+	D15 = PB8
+)
+
+// User LD4: the green LED is a user LED connected to ARDUINO signal D13 corresponding
+// to STM32 I/O PA5.
+const (
+	LED         = LED_BUILTIN
+	LED_BUILTIN = LED_GREEN
+	LED_GREEN   = PA5
+)
+
+// User B1: the user button is connected to PC13.
+const (
+	BUTTON = PC13
+)
+
+const (
+	// UART pins
+	// PA2 and PA3 are connected to the ST-Link Virtual Com Port (VCP)
+	UART_TX_PIN = PA2
+	UART_RX_PIN = PA3
+
+	// I2C pins
+	// PB8 is SCL (connected to Arduino connector D15)
+	// PB9 is SDA (connected to Arduino connector D14)
+	I2C0_SCL_PIN = PB8
+	I2C0_SDA_PIN = PB9
+
+	// SPI pins
+	SPI1_SCK_PIN = PA5
+	SPI1_SDI_PIN = PA6
+	SPI1_SDO_PIN = PA7
+	SPI0_SCK_PIN = SPI1_SCK_PIN
+	SPI0_SDI_PIN = SPI1_SDI_PIN
+	SPI0_SDO_PIN = SPI1_SDO_PIN
+
+	// CAN pins (directly accessible on Nucleo-G0B1RE board)
+	// FDCAN1: PA11 (TX) / PA12 (RX) using AF9
+	// FDCAN2: PD12 (TX) / PD13 (RX) using AF3
+	CAN1_TX_PIN = PA11
+	CAN1_RX_PIN = PA12
+	CAN2_TX_PIN = PD12
+	CAN2_RX_PIN = PD13
+)
+
+var (
+	// USART2 is the hardware serial port connected to the onboard ST-LINK
+	// debugger to be exposed as virtual COM port over USB on Nucleo boards.
+	UART1  = &_UART1
+	_UART1 = UART{
+		Buffer:            NewRingBuffer(),
+		Bus:               stm32.USART2,
+		TxAltFuncSelector: AF1_TIM1_TIM2_TIM3_LPTIM1,
+		RxAltFuncSelector: AF1_TIM1_TIM2_TIM3_LPTIM1,
+	}
+	DefaultUART = UART1
+
+	// I2C1 is documented, alias to I2C0 as well
+	I2C1 = &I2C{
+		Bus:             stm32.I2C1,
+		AltFuncSelector: AF6_SPI2_USART3_USART4_I2C1,
+	}
+	I2C0 = I2C1
+
+	// SPI1 is documented, alias to SPI0 as well
+	SPI1 = &SPI{
+		Bus:             stm32.SPI1,
+		AltFuncSelector: AF0_SYSTEM,
+	}
+	SPI0 = SPI1
+
+	// FDCAN1 on PA11 (TX) / PA12 (RX)
+	CAN1  = &_CAN1
+	_CAN1 = CAN{
+		Bus:             stm32.FDCAN1,
+		TxAltFuncSelect: AF9_FDCAN1_FDCAN2,
+		RxAltFuncSelect: AF9_FDCAN1_FDCAN2,
+		instance:        0,
+	}
+
+	// FDCAN2 on PD12 (TX) / PD13 (RX)
+	CAN2  = &_CAN2
+	_CAN2 = CAN{
+		Bus:             stm32.FDCAN2,
+		TxAltFuncSelect: AF3_FDCAN1_FDCAN2,
+		RxAltFuncSelect: AF3_FDCAN1_FDCAN2,
+		instance:        1,
+	}
+)
+
+func init() {
+	UART1.Interrupt = interrupt.New(stm32.IRQ_USART2_LPUART2, _UART1.handleInterrupt)
+	// Note: FDCAN interrupts share with USB (IRQ_UCPD1_UCPD2_USB = 8)
+	// User should configure interrupts via SetInterrupt method if needed
+}

src/machine/board_pico2_ice.go

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+//go:build pico2_ice
+
+// Most of the info is from
+// https://pico2-ice.tinyvision.ai/md_pinout.html although
+// (2025-09-07) RP4 appears twice in that pinout - the schematic is
+// more clear. Consistent with other RPi boards, we use GPn instead of
+// RPn to reference the RPi connected pins.
+
+package machine
+
+// GPIO pins
+const (
+	GP0  = GPIO0
+	GP1  = GPIO1
+	GP2  = GPIO2
+	GP3  = GPIO3
+	GP4  = GPIO4
+	GP5  = GPIO5
+	GP6  = GPIO6
+	GP7  = GPIO7
+	GP8  = GPIO8
+	GP9  = GPIO9
+	GP10 = GPIO10
+	GP11 = GPIO11
+	GP12 = GPIO12
+	GP13 = GPIO13
+	GP14 = GPIO14
+	GP15 = GPIO15
+	GP16 = GPIO16
+	GP17 = GPIO17
+	GP18 = GPIO18
+	GP19 = GPIO19
+	GP20 = GPIO20
+	GP21 = GPIO21
+	GP22 = GPIO22
+	GP23 = GPIO23
+	GP24 = GPIO24
+	GP25 = GPIO25
+	GP26 = GPIO26
+	GP27 = GPIO27
+	GP28 = GPIO28
+	GP29 = GPIO29
+	GP30 = GPIO30
+	GP31 = GPIO31
+	GP32 = GPIO32
+	GP33 = GPIO33
+	GP34 = GPIO34
+	GP35 = GPIO35
+	GP36 = GPIO36
+	GP37 = GPIO37
+	GP38 = GPIO38
+	GP39 = GPIO39
+	GP40 = GPIO40
+	GP41 = GPIO41
+	GP42 = GPIO42
+	GP43 = GPIO43
+	GP44 = GPIO44
+	GP45 = GPIO45
+	GP46 = GPIO46
+	GP47 = GPIO47
+
+	// RPi pins shared with ICE. The ICE number is what appears on
+	// the board silkscreen.
+	ICE9  = GP28
+	ICE11 = GP29
+	ICE14 = GP7
+	ICE15 = GP6
+	ICE16 = GP5
+	ICE17 = GP4
+	ICE18 = GP27
+	ICE19 = GP23
+	ICE20 = GP22
+	ICE21 = GP26
+	ICE23 = GP25
+	ICE25 = GP30
+	ICE26 = GP24
+	ICE27 = GP20
+
+	// FPGA Clock pin.
+	ICE35_G0 = GP21
+
+	// Silkscreen & Pinout names
+	ICE_SSN = ICE16
+	ICE_SO  = ICE14
+	ICE_SI  = ICE17
+	ICE_CK  = ICE15
+	SD      = GP2
+	SC      = GP3
+
+	FPGA_RSTN = GP31
+	A3        = GP32
+	A1        = GP33
+	A4        = GP34
+	A2        = GP35
+	B3        = GP36
+	B1        = GP37
+	B4        = GP38
+	B2        = GP39
+	N0        = GP40 // On the board these are labeled "~0"
+	N1        = GP41
+	N2        = GP42
+	N3        = GP43
+	N4        = GP44
+	N5        = GP45
+	N6        = GP46
+
+	// Functions from Schematic.
+	ICE_DONE = GP40
+	USB_BOOT = GP42
+
+	// Button
+	SW1     = GP42
+	BOOTSEL = GP42
+
+	// Tricolor LEDs
+	LED_RED   = GP1
+	LED_GREEN = GP0
+	LED_BLUE  = GP9
+
+	// Onboard LED
+	LED = LED_GREEN
+
+	// Onboard crystal oscillator frequency, in MHz.
+	xoscFreq = 12 // MHz
+)
+
+// This board does not define default i2c pins.
+const (
+	I2C0_SDA_PIN = NoPin
+	I2C0_SCL_PIN = NoPin
+	I2C1_SDA_PIN = NoPin
+	I2C1_SCL_PIN = NoPin
+)
+
+// SPI default pins
+const (
+	// Default Serial Clock Bus 0 for SPI communications
+	SPI0_SCK_PIN = GPIO18
+	// Default Serial Out Bus 0 for SPI communications
+	SPI0_SDO_PIN = GPIO19 // Tx
+	// Default Serial In Bus 0 for SPI communications
+	SPI0_SDI_PIN = GPIO16 // Rx
+
+	// Default Serial Clock Bus 1 for SPI communications
+	SPI1_SCK_PIN = GPIO10
+	// Default Serial Out Bus 1 for SPI communications
+	SPI1_SDO_PIN = GPIO11 // Tx
+	// Default Serial In Bus 1 for SPI communications
+	SPI1_SDI_PIN = GPIO12 // Rx
+)
+
+// UART pins
+const (
+	UART0_TX_PIN = GPIO0
+	UART0_RX_PIN = GPIO1
+	UART1_TX_PIN = GPIO8
+	UART1_RX_PIN = GPIO9
+	UART_TX_PIN  = UART0_TX_PIN
+	UART_RX_PIN  = UART0_RX_PIN
+)
+
+var DefaultUART = UART0
+
+// USB identifiers
+const (
+	usb_STRING_PRODUCT      = "Pico2"
+	usb_STRING_MANUFACTURER = "Raspberry Pi"
+)
+
+var (
+	usb_VID uint16 = 0x2E8A
+	usb_PID uint16 = 0x000A
+)

src/machine/board_vicharak_shrike-lite.go

@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+//go:build vicharak_shrike_lite
+
+// Pin mappings for Vicharak Shrike-Lite.
+//
+// Reference: https://vicharak-in.github.io/shrike/shrike_pinouts.html
+
+package machine
+
+// Digital
+const (
+	IO0  Pin = GPIO0
+	IO1  Pin = GPIO1
+	IO2  Pin = GPIO2
+	IO3  Pin = GPIO3
+	IO4  Pin = GPIO4
+	IO5  Pin = GPIO5
+	IO6  Pin = GPIO6
+	IO7  Pin = GPIO7
+	IO8  Pin = GPIO8
+	IO9  Pin = GPIO9
+	IO10 Pin = GPIO10
+	IO11 Pin = GPIO11
+	IO12 Pin = GPIO12
+	IO13 Pin = GPIO13
+	IO14 Pin = GPIO14
+	IO15 Pin = GPIO15
+	IO16 Pin = GPIO16
+	IO17 Pin = GPIO17
+	IO18 Pin = GPIO18
+	IO19 Pin = GPIO19
+	IO20 Pin = GPIO20
+	IO21 Pin = GPIO21
+	IO22 Pin = GPIO22
+	IO23 Pin = GPIO23
+	IO24 Pin = GPIO24
+	IO25 Pin = GPIO25
+	IO26 Pin = GPIO26
+	IO27 Pin = GPIO27
+	IO28 Pin = GPIO28
+	IO29 Pin = GPIO29
+)
+
+// FPGA Pins
+const (
+	FPGA_EN  Pin = IO13
+	FPGA_PWR Pin = IO12
+	// SPI_SCLK
+	F3 Pin = IO2
+	// SPI_SS
+	F4 Pin = IO1
+	// SPI_SI (MOSI)
+	F5 Pin = IO3
+	// SPI_SO (MISO) / CONFIG
+	F6  Pin = IO0
+	F18 Pin = IO14
+	F17 Pin = IO15
+)
+
+// Analog pins
+const (
+	A0 Pin = IO26
+	A1 Pin = IO27
+	A2 Pin = IO28
+	A3 Pin = IO29
+)
+
+// LED
+const (
+	LED = IO4
+)
+
+// I2C pins
+const (
+	I2C0_SDA_PIN Pin = IO24
+	I2C0_SCL_PIN Pin = IO25
+
+	I2C1_SDA_PIN Pin = IO6
+	I2C1_SCL_PIN Pin = IO7
+)
+
+// SPI pins
+const (
+	SPI0_SCK_PIN Pin = IO18
+	SPI0_SDO_PIN Pin = IO19
+	SPI0_SDI_PIN Pin = IO20
+
+	SPI1_SCK_PIN Pin = IO10
+	SPI1_SDO_PIN Pin = IO11
+	SPI1_SDI_PIN Pin = IO8
+)
+
+// Onboard crystal oscillator frequency, in MHz.
+const (
+	xoscFreq = 12 // MHz
+)
+
+// UART pins
+const (
+	UART0_TX_PIN = IO28
+	UART0_RX_PIN = IO29
+	UART_TX_PIN  = UART0_TX_PIN
+	UART_RX_PIN  = UART0_RX_PIN
+	UART1_TX_PIN = IO24
+	UART1_RX_PIN = IO25
+)
+
+var DefaultUART = UART0
+
+// USB CDC identifiers
+const (
+	usb_STRING_PRODUCT      = "Shrike-Lite"
+	usb_STRING_MANUFACTURER = "Vicharak"
+)
+
+var (
+	usb_VID uint16 = 0x2e8a
+	usb_PID uint16 = 0x0003
+)

src/machine/board_xiao-esp32s3.go

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+//go:build xiao_esp32s3
+
+// This file contains the pin mappings for the Seeed XIAO ESP32S3 boards.
+//
+// Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32S3 is an IoT mini development board based on
+// the Espressif ESP32-S3 WiFi/Bluetooth dual-mode chip.
+//
+// - https://www.seeedstudio.com/XIAO-ESP32S3-p-5627.html
+// - https://wiki.seeedstudio.com/xiao_esp32s3_getting_started/
+
+package machine
+
+// Digital Pins
+const (
+	D0  = GPIO1
+	D1  = GPIO2
+	D2  = GPIO3
+	D3  = GPIO4
+	D4  = GPIO5
+	D5  = GPIO6
+	D6  = GPIO43
+	D7  = GPIO44
+	D8  = GPIO7
+	D9  = GPIO8
+	D10 = GPIO9
+)
+
+// Analog pins
+const (
+	A0 = GPIO1
+	A1 = GPIO2
+	A2 = GPIO3
+	A3 = GPIO4
+)
+
+// UART pins
+const (
+	UART_RX_PIN = GPIO44
+	UART_TX_PIN = GPIO43
+)
+
+// I2C pins
+const (
+	SDA_PIN = GPIO5
+	SCL_PIN = GPIO6
+)
+
+// SPI pins
+const (
+	SPI1_SCK_PIN  = GPIO7 // D8
+	SPI1_MISO_PIN = GPIO8 // D9
+	SPI1_MOSI_PIN = GPIO9 // D10
+	SPI1_CS_PIN   = NoPin
+
+	SPI2_SCK_PIN  = NoPin
+	SPI2_MOSI_PIN = NoPin
+	SPI2_MISO_PIN = NoPin
+	SPI2_CS_PIN   = NoPin
+)
+
+// Onboard LEDs
+const (
+	LED = GPIO21
+)

src/machine/can.go

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+//go:build stm32g0
+
+package machine
+
+// unexported functions here are implemented in the device file
+// and added to the build tags of this file.
+
+// These types are an alias for documentation purposes exclusively. We wish
+// the interface to be used by other ecosystems besides TinyGo which is why
+// we need these types to be a primitive types at the interface level.
+// If these types are defined at machine or machine/can level they are not
+// usable by non-TinyGo projects. This is not good news for fostering wider adoption
+// of our API in "big-Go" embedded system projects like TamaGo and periph.io
+type (
+	// CAN IDs in tinygo are represented as 30 bit integers where
+	// bits 1..29 store the actual ID and the 30th bit stores the IDE bit (if extended ID).
+	// We include the extended ID bit in the ID itself to make comparison of IDs easier for users
+	// since two identical IDs where one is extended and one is not are NOT equivalent IDs.
+	canID = uint32
+	// CAN flags bitmask are defined below.
+	canFlags = uint32
+)
+
+// CAN ID definitions.
+const (
+	canIDStdMask      canID = (1 << 11) - 1
+	canIDExtendedMask canID = (1 << 29) - 1
+	canIDExtendedBit  canID = 1 << 30
+)
+
+// CAN Flag bit definitions.
+const (
+	canFlagBRS canFlags = 1 << 0 // Bit Rate Switch active on tx/rx of frame.
+	canFlagFDF canFlags = 1 << 1 // Is a FD Frame.
+	canFlagRTR canFlags = 1 << 2 // is a retransmission request frame.
+	canFlagESI canFlags = 1 << 3 // Error status indicator active on tx/rx of frame.
+	canFlagIDE canFlags = 1 << 4 // Extended ID.
+)
+
+// TxFIFOLevel returns amount of CAN frames stored for transmission and total Tx fifo length.
+func (can *CAN) TxFIFOLevel() (level int, maxlevel int) {
+	return can.txFIFOLevel()
+}
+
+// Tx puts a CAN frame in TxFIFO for transmission. Returns error if TxFIFO is full.
+func (can *CAN) Tx(id canID, flags canFlags, data []byte) error {
+	return can.tx(id, flags, data)
+}
+
+// RxFIFOLevel returns amount of CAN frames received and stored and total Rx fifo length.
+// If the hardware is interrupt driven RxFIFOLevel should return 0,0.
+func (can *CAN) RxFIFOLevel() (level int, maxlevel int) {
+	return can.rxFIFOLevel()
+}
+
+type canRxCallback = func(data []byte, id canID, timestamp uint32, flags canFlags)
+
+// SetRxCallback sets the receive callback. See [canFlags] for information on how bits are layed out.
+func (can *CAN) SetRxCallback(cb canRxCallback) {
+	can.setRxCallback(cb)
+}
+
+// RxPoll is called periodically for poll driven drivers. If the driver is interrupt driven
+// then RxPoll is a no-op and may return nil. Users may determine if a CAN is interrupt driven by
+// checking if RxFIFOLevel returns 0,0.
+func (can *CAN) RxPoll() error {
+	return can.rxPoll()
+}
+
+// DLC to bytes lookup table
+var dlcToBytes = [16]byte{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 32, 48, 64}
+
+// dlcToLength converts a DLC value to actual byte length
+func dlcToLength(dlc byte) uint8 {
+	if dlc > 15 {
+		dlc = 15
+	}
+	return dlcToBytes[dlc]
+}
+
+// lengthToDLC converts a byte length to DLC value
+func lengthToDLC(length uint8) (dlc byte) {
+	switch {
+	case length <= 8:
+		dlc = length
+	case length <= 12:
+		dlc = 9
+	case length <= 16:
+		dlc = 10
+	case length <= 20:
+		dlc = 11
+	case length <= 24:
+		dlc = 12
+	case length <= 32:
+		dlc = 13
+	case length <= 48:
+		dlc = 14
+	default:
+		dlc = 15
+	}
+	return dlc
+}

src/machine/flash.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//go:build nrf || nrf51 || nrf52 || nrf528xx || stm32f4 || stm32l4 || stm32wlx || atsamd21 || atsamd51 || atsame5x || rp2040 || rp2350
+//go:build nrf || nrf51 || nrf52 || nrf528xx || stm32f4 || stm32l0 || stm32l4 || stm32wlx || atsamd21 || atsamd51 || atsame5x || rp2040 || rp2350
 
 package machine
 
@@ -43,6 +43,11 @@ type BlockDevice interface {
 	io.ReaderAt
 
 	// WriteAt writes the given number of bytes to the block device.
+	//
+	// This interface directly writes data to the underlying block device.
+	// Different kinds of devices have different requirements: most can only
+	// write data after the page has been erased, and many can only write data
+	// with specific alignment (such as 4-byte alignment).
 	io.WriterAt
 
 	// Size returns the number of bytes in this block device.

src/machine/machine.go

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 package machine
 
-import "errors"
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"unsafe"
+)
 
 var (
 	ErrTimeoutRNG         = errors.New("machine: RNG Timeout")
@@ -62,3 +65,30 @@ func (p Pin) Low() {
 type ADC struct {
 	Pin Pin
 }
+
+// Convert the pointer to a uintptr, to be used for memory I/O (DMA for
+// example). It also means the pointer is "gone" as far as the compiler is
+// concerned, and a GC cycle might deallocate the object. To prevent this from
+// happening, also call keepAliveNoEscape at a point after the address isn't
+// accessed anymore by the hardware.
+// The only exception is if the pointer is accessed later in a volatile way
+// (volatile read/write), which also forces the value to stay alive until that
+// point.
+//
+// This function is treated specially by the compiler to mark the 'ptr'
+// parameter as not escaping.
+//
+// TODO: this function should eventually be replaced with the proposed ptrtoaddr
+// instruction in LLVM. See:
+// https://discourse.llvm.org/t/clarifiying-the-semantics-of-ptrtoint/83987/10
+// https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/139357
+func unsafeNoEscape(ptr unsafe.Pointer) uintptr {
+	return uintptr(ptr)
+}
+
+// Make sure the given pointer stays alive until this point. This is similar to
+// runtime.KeepAlive, with the difference that it won't let the pointer escape.
+// This is typically used together with unsafeNoEscape.
+//
+// This is a compiler intrinsic.
+func keepAliveNoEscape(ptr unsafe.Pointer)

src/machine/machine_atsamd21_usb.go

@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ func handleUSBSetAddress(setup usb.Setup) bool {
 
 // SendUSBInPacket sends a packet for USB (interrupt in / bulk in).
 func SendUSBInPacket(ep uint32, data []byte) bool {
-	sendUSBPacket(ep, data, 0)
+	sendUSBPacket(ep, data)
 
 	// clear transfer complete flag
 	setEPINTFLAG(ep, sam.USB_DEVICE_EPINTFLAG_TRCPT1)
@@ -351,27 +351,28 @@ func SendUSBInPacket(ep uint32, data []byte) bool {
 // Prevent file size increases: https://github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/pull/998
 //
 //go:noinline
-func sendUSBPacket(ep uint32, data []byte, maxsize uint16) {
-	l := uint16(len(data))
-	if 0 < maxsize && maxsize < l {
-		l = maxsize
+func sendUSBPacket(ep uint32, data []byte) {
+	// Select the corresponding buffer.
+	buffer := udd_ep_control_cache_buffer[:]
+	if ep != 0 {
+		buffer = udd_ep_in_cache_buffer[ep][:]
 	}
 
-	// Set endpoint address for sending data
-	if ep == 0 {
-		copy(udd_ep_control_cache_buffer[:], data[:l])
-		usbEndpointDescriptors[ep].DeviceDescBank[1].ADDR.Set(uint32(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&udd_ep_control_cache_buffer))))
-	} else {
-		copy(udd_ep_in_cache_buffer[ep][:], data[:l])
-		usbEndpointDescriptors[ep].DeviceDescBank[1].ADDR.Set(uint32(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&udd_ep_in_cache_buffer[ep]))))
-	}
+	// Copy the packet to the buffer.
+	copy(buffer[:len(data)], data)
+
+	// Select the corresponding endpoint descriptor.
+	endpoint := &usbEndpointDescriptors[ep].DeviceDescBank[1]
+
+	// Set the endpoint address.
+	endpoint.ADDR.Set(uint32(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(unsafe.SliceData(buffer)))))
 
 	// clear multi-packet size which is total bytes already sent
-	usbEndpointDescriptors[ep].DeviceDescBank[1].PCKSIZE.ClearBits(usb_DEVICE_PCKSIZE_MULTI_PACKET_SIZE_Mask << usb_DEVICE_PCKSIZE_MULTI_PACKET_SIZE_Pos)
+	endpoint.PCKSIZE.ClearBits(usb_DEVICE_PCKSIZE_MULTI_PACKET_SIZE_Mask << usb_DEVICE_PCKSIZE_MULTI_PACKET_SIZE_Pos)
 
 	// set byte count, which is total number of bytes to be sent
-	usbEndpointDescriptors[ep].DeviceDescBank[1].PCKSIZE.ClearBits(usb_DEVICE_PCKSIZE_BYTE_COUNT_Mask << usb_DEVICE_PCKSIZE_BYTE_COUNT_Pos)
-	usbEndpointDescriptors[ep].DeviceDescBank[1].PCKSIZE.SetBits((uint32(l) & usb_DEVICE_PCKSIZE_BYTE_COUNT_Mask) << usb_DEVICE_PCKSIZE_BYTE_COUNT_Pos)
+	endpoint.PCKSIZE.ClearBits(usb_DEVICE_PCKSIZE_BYTE_COUNT_Mask << usb_DEVICE_PCKSIZE_BYTE_COUNT_Pos)
+	endpoint.PCKSIZE.SetBits((uint32(len(data)) & usb_DEVICE_PCKSIZE_BYTE_COUNT_Mask) << usb_DEVICE_PCKSIZE_BYTE_COUNT_Pos)
 }
 
 func ReceiveUSBControlPacket() ([cdcLineInfoSize]byte, error) {