ws2812: add SPI based implementation

This is useful because it allows using the WS2812 driver on platforms
without bitbanged WS2812 support and it may be the only option if
disabling interrupts is impossible or impractical.

.circleci/config.yml

@@ -6,13 +6,15 @@ jobs:
   build:
     docker:
       - image: tinygo/tinygo-dev
-    working_directory: /usr/local/go/src/tinygo.org/x/drivers
     steps:
       - checkout
       - run: tinygo version
       - run:
           name: "Enforce Go Formatted Code"
           command: make fmt-check
+      - run:
+          name: "Run unit tests"
+          command: make unit-test
       - run:
           name: "Run build and smoke tests"
           command: make smoke-test

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,3 +1,164 @@
+0.14.0
+---
+- **new devices**
+    - lis2mdl: add LIS2MDL magnetometer (#187)
+    - waveshare: add Waveshare 4.2in B/W e-paper driver (#183)
+- **enhancements**
+    - adt7410: add connection test and for that matter connection method
+    - gps
+        - add speed and heading to fix, as parsed from RMC NMEA sentence
+        - improvements and bugfixes (#186)
+    - ili9341
+        - add support for setting framerate, vsync pause, and reading scanline data.
+        - renamed NewSpi() to NewSPI() in accordance with Go naming conventions
+    - ws2812
+        - add support for ESP8266
+        - add support for ESP32
+- **bugfixes**
+    - ili9341
+        - rix setWindow bug, add CS pin for Clue compatibility. (#180)
+        - bugfix for RAMWR bug
+    - lis2mdl: turn on read mode on every read, to ensure that magnetometer data is updated
+- **core**
+    - i2c
+        - switch all i2c drivers definitions to use i2c bus interface type instead of machine package concrete type
+        - correct interface definition for I2C Tx function
+- **testing**
+    - fix smoke-test unless avr-gcc installed
+    - add very basic mock structs for testing i2c devices, based on work done by @rogpeppe
+    - improve API surface and implement one more test function in lis2mdl driver
+- **docs**
+    - replace README badge for godocs with pkgdocs
+
+0.13.0
+---
+- **new devices**
+    - bmi160: add initial support
+    - bmp280: added support for the Bosch BMP280 temperature and pressure sensor. (#158)
+    - lsm303agr: add lsm303agr (#162)
+    - ssd1351: add SSD1351 OLED display driver (#146)
+- **enhancements**
+    - hd44780: add Hd44780i2c driver (#173)
+    - ili9341
+        - add ILI9341 TFT driver (SPI) for ATSAMD2x (#174)
+        - cache address window to prevent sending unnecessary commands (#171)
+        - ILI9341 TFT driver (SPI) (#153)
+        - improve performance of ILI9341 on ATSAMD5X
+    - ST77xx: fix DrawFastHLine for ST77xx, SSD1331 and SSD1351 DrawFastHLine uses FillRectangle(x,y,width,height,c), so height must be 1 to draw a horizontal line
+    - tmp102: add Connected func to check for device
+    - wifinina: added UDP support
+    - ws2812: update ws2812_avr_16m.go
+- **bugfixes**
+    - apa102: avoid creating garbage
+    - bmp180: fix temperature type conversion
+- **core**
+    - all
+        - added custom import path (#161)
+        - changeover to eliminate all direct use of master/slave terminology
+    - build: try vendor in working directory to match expected module path
+    - ci: support Go modules
+    - modules: update go version and dependency
+- **docs**
+    - docs: reorder to correct alpha and adjust count of supported drivers
+
+0.12.0
+---
+- **new devices**
+    - hcsr04: Added HC-SR04 ultrasonic distance sensor. (#143)
+    - spi/qspi: Low-level IO driver for serial flash memory via SPI and QSPI (#124)
+    - tmp102: TMP102 low-power digital temperature sensor (#141)
+    - amg88xx: AMG88xx thermal camera module
+- **bugfixes**
+    - mqtt: reduce use of goroutines in router to not start a new goroutine for each invocation of each callback
+
+0.11.0
+---
+- **new devices**
+    - shiftregister: Support for various shift register chips (#135)
+- **enhancements**
+    - shifter: simplify API surface for PyBadge (#137)
+    - shifter: new API for shifter driver
+    - mqtt: use buffered channels for incoming messages to handle bursts
+    - ili9341: Adding scroll functionality (#121)
+- **bugfixes**
+    - wifinina: fix typo on StartScanNetworks
+    - ili9341: various bugfixes for display
+- **examples**
+    - semihosting: add example
+- **docs**
+    - readme: Use degree sign instead of ordinal
+    - all: fix celsius symbol in all code comments
+
+0.10.0
+---
+- **new devices**
+    - adt7410: Support for ADT7410 temperature sensor (#109)
+    - ili9341: ILI9341 TFT driver (#115)
+    - l293x: added support for h-bridge motor controller
+    - l9110x: add support for L9110x h-bridge motor driver
+    - resistive: Adding driver for four-wire resistive touchscreen (#118)
+- **enhancements**
+    - st7735: added scroll functionality to st7735
+    - st7735: remove default offsets
+    - st7789: remove default offsets
+    - ws2812: Added nrf52840 tag to ws2812
+    - ws2812: work-arounds to allow Digispark to control WS2812 LEDs
+- **docs**
+    - readme: update README to include list of all 44 drivers
+    - wifinina: update docs and add Dockerfile to build firmware
+    - wifinina: update docs and info on how to install WiFiNINA driver
+
+0.9.0
+---
+- **new devices**
+    - net: shared implementation of net package for serial wifi devices
+    - shifter: add support for bit Parallel In Serial Out (PISO) shifter
+    - stepper: add support for dual stepper motor
+    - wifinina: add implementation for WiFiNINA firmware
+- **enhancements**
+    - st7735: improvements in st7735 driver
+    - st7789: improvements in st7789 driver
+    - ws2812: add support for 120Mhz Cortex-M4
+    - ws2812: added Feather M0 and Trinket M0 to build tags for WS2812
+    - ws2812: add support for simulation
+- **bugfixes**
+    - ws2812: fix "invalid symbol redefinition" error
+- **examples**
+    - Add examples for wifinina drivers
+
+0.8.0
+---
+- **new devices**
+    - mcp3008: add implementation for MCP3008 ADC with SPI interface
+    - semihosting: initial implementation of ARM semihosting
+- **enhancements**
+    - espat: refactor response processing for greater speed and efficiency
+    - espat: implement mqtt subscribe functionality via blocking select/channels (experiemental)
+- **bugfixes**
+    - st7789: fix index out of bounds error
+- **examples**
+    - Add espat driver example for mqtt subscribe
+
+0.7.0
+---
+- **new devices**
+    - veml6070: add Vishay UV light sensor
+- **enhancements**
+    - lis3dh: example uses I2C1 so requires config to specify pins since they are not default
+    - ssd1331: make SPI TX faster
+    - st7735: make SPI Tx faster
+- **docs**
+    - complete missing GoDocs for main and sub-packages
+- **core**
+    - add Version string for support purposes
+- **examples**
+    - Change all espat driver examples to use Arduino Nano33 IoT by default
+
+0.6.0
+---
+- **new devices**
+    - Support software SPI for APA102 (Itsy Bitsy M0 on-board "Dotstar" LED as example)
+
 0.5.0
 ---
 - **new devices**

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ Please first open a Github issue. We want to help, and also make sure that there
 
 ## How to use our Github repository
 
-The `master` branch of this repo will always have the latest released version of the TinyGo drivers. All of the active development work for the next release will take place in the `dev` branch. The TinyGo drivers will use semantic versioning and will create a tag/release for each release.
+The `release` branch of this repo will always have the latest released version of the TinyGo drivers. All of the active development work for the next release will take place in the `dev` branch. The TinyGo drivers will use semantic versioning and will create a tag/release for each release.
 
 Here is how to contribute back some code or documentation:
 

LICENSE

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Copyright (c) 2018-2019 The TinyGo Authors. All rights reserved.
+Copyright (c) 2018-2020 The TinyGo Authors. All rights reserved.
 
 Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are

Makefile

@@ -9,45 +9,164 @@ fmt-check:
 
 smoke-test:
 	@mkdir -p build
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/adxl345/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/apa102/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=microbit ./examples/at24cx/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/bh1750/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/blinkm/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/bmp180/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=bluepill ./examples/ds1307/sram/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=bluepill ./examples/ds1307/time/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/ds3231/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=microbit ./examples/easystepper/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/espat/espconsole/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/espat/esphub/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/espat/espstation/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=feather-m0 ./examples/gps/i2c/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=feather-m0 ./examples/gps/uart/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=microbit ./examples/hd44780/customchar/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=microbit ./examples/hd44780/text/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=microbit ./examples/hub75/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=circuitplay-express ./examples/lis3dh/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=arduino-nano33 ./examples/lsm6ds3/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/mag3110/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=microbit ./examples/microbitmatrix/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/mma8653/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/mpu6050/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=microbit ./examples/pcd8544/setbuffer/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=microbit ./examples/pcd8544/setpixel/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=microbit ./examples/sht3x/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=microbit ./examples/ssd1306/i2c_128x32/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=microbit ./examples/ssd1306/spi_128x64/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=microbit ./examples/ssd1331/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=microbit ./examples/st7735/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=microbit ./examples/st7789/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=circuitplay-express ./examples/thermistor/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/vl53l1x/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=microbit ./examples/waveshare-epd/epd2in13/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=microbit ./examples/waveshare-epd/epd2in13x/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=circuitplay-express ./examples/ws2812/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=trinket-m0 ./examples/bme280/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=circuitplay-express ./examples/microphone/main.go
-	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.elf -target=circuitplay-express ./examples/buzzer/main.go
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/adt7410/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/adxl345/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=pybadge ./examples/amg88xx
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/apa102/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/apa102/itsybitsy-m0/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=microbit ./examples/at24cx/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/bh1750/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/blinkm/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/bmi160/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/bmp180/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/bmp280/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=bluepill ./examples/ds1307/sram/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=bluepill ./examples/ds1307/time/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/ds3231/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=microbit ./examples/easystepper/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=arduino-nano33 ./examples/espat/espconsole/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=arduino-nano33 ./examples/espat/esphub/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=arduino-nano33 ./examples/espat/espstation/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/flash/console/spi
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=pyportal ./examples/flash/console/qspi
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=feather-m0 ./examples/gps/i2c/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=feather-m0 ./examples/gps/uart/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/hcsr04/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=microbit ./examples/hd44780/customchar/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=microbit ./examples/hd44780/text/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=arduino-nano33 ./examples/hd44780i2c/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=microbit ./examples/hub75/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=pyportal ./examples/ili9341/basic
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=xiao ./examples/ili9341/basic
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=pyportal ./examples/ili9341/pyportal_boing
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=pyportal ./examples/ili9341/scroll
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=xiao ./examples/ili9341/scroll
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=circuitplay-express ./examples/lis3dh/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=microbit ./examples/lsm303agr/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=arduino-nano33 ./examples/lsm6ds3/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/mag3110/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/mcp3008/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=microbit ./examples/microbitmatrix/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/mma8653/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/mpu6050/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=microbit ./examples/pcd8544/setbuffer/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=microbit ./examples/pcd8544/setpixel/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=pybadge ./examples/shifter/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=microbit ./examples/sht3x/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=microbit ./examples/ssd1306/i2c_128x32/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=microbit ./examples/ssd1306/spi_128x64/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=microbit ./examples/ssd1331/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=microbit ./examples/st7735/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=microbit ./examples/st7789/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=circuitplay-express ./examples/thermistor/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=pyportal ./examples/touch/resistive/fourwire/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=pyportal ./examples/touch/resistive/pyportal_touchpaint/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=itsybitsy-m0 ./examples/vl53l1x/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=microbit ./examples/waveshare-epd/epd2in13/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=microbit ./examples/waveshare-epd/epd2in13x/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=microbit ./examples/waveshare-epd/epd4in2/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=arduino-nano33 ./examples/wifinina/ntpclient/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=arduino-nano33 ./examples/wifinina/udpstation/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=arduino-nano33 ./examples/wifinina/tcpclient/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=arduino-nano33 ./examples/wifinina/webclient/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=circuitplay-express ./examples/ws2812
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+ifneq ($(AVR), 0)
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=arduino   ./examples/ws2812
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=digispark ./examples/ws2812
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+endif
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=trinket-m0 ./examples/bme280/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=circuitplay-express ./examples/microphone/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=circuitplay-express ./examples/buzzer/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=trinket-m0 ./examples/veml6070/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=arduino-nano33 ./examples/l293x/simple/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=arduino-nano33 ./examples/l293x/speed/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=arduino-nano33 ./examples/l9110x/simple/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=arduino-nano33 ./examples/l9110x/speed/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=nucleo-f103rb ./examples/shiftregister/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=hifive1b ./examples/ssd1351/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
+	tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=circuitplay-express ./examples/lis2mdl/main.go
+	@md5sum ./build/test.hex
 
-test: clean fmt-check smoke-test
+DRIVERS = $(wildcard */)
+NOTESTS = build examples flash semihosting pcd8544 shiftregister st7789 microphone mcp3008 gps microbitmatrix \
+		hcsr04 ssd1331 ws2812 thermistor apa102 easystepper ssd1351 ili9341 wifinina shifter hub75 \
+		hd44780 buzzer ssd1306 espat l9110x st7735 bmi160 l293x
+TESTS = $(filter-out $(addsuffix /%,$(NOTESTS)),$(DRIVERS))
+
+unit-test:
+	@go test -v $(addprefix ./,$(TESTS)) 
+
+test: clean fmt-check unit-test smoke-test

README.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # TinyGo Drivers
 
-[![GoDoc](https://godoc.org/tinygo.org/x/drivers?status.svg)](https://godoc.org/tinygo.org/x/drivers) [![CircleCI](https://circleci.com/gh/tinygo-org/drivers/tree/dev.svg?style=svg)](https://circleci.com/gh/tinygo-org/drivers/tree/dev)
+[![PkgGoDev](https://pkg.go.dev/badge/tinygo.org/x/drivers)](https://pkg.go.dev/tinygo.org/x/drivers) [![CircleCI](https://circleci.com/gh/tinygo-org/drivers/tree/dev.svg?style=svg)](https://circleci.com/gh/tinygo-org/drivers/tree/dev)
 
 
 This package provides a collection of hardware drivers for devices that can be used together with [TinyGo](https://tinygo.org).
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ func main() {
 
     for {
         temp, _ := sensor.ReadTemperature()
-        println("Temperature:", float32(temp)/1000, "ºC")
+        println("Temperature:", float32(temp)/1000, "°C")
 
         pressure, _ := sensor.ReadPressure()
         println("Pressure", float32(pressure)/100000, "hPa")
@@ -52,39 +52,62 @@ func main() {
 
 ## Currently supported devices
 
+The following 53 devices are supported.
+
 | Device Name | Interface Type |
 |----------|-------------|
+| [ADT7410 I2C Temperature Sensor](https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/ADT7410.pdf) | I2C |
 | [ADXL345 accelerometer](http://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/ADXL345.pdf) | I2C |
+| [AMG88xx 8x8 Thermal camera sensor](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/043/261/original/Grid-EYE_SPECIFICATIONS%28Reference%29.pdf) | I2C |
 | [APA102 RGB LED](https://cdn-shop.adafruit.com/product-files/2343/APA102C.pdf) | SPI |
 | [AT24CX 2-wire serial EEPROM](https://www.openimpulse.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/wpsc/downloadables/24C32-Datasheet.pdf) | I2C |
+| [BBC micro:bit LED matrix](https://github.com/bbcmicrobit/hardware/blob/master/SCH_BBC-Microbit_V1.3B.pdf) | GPIO |
 | [BH1750 ambient light sensor](https://www.mouser.com/ds/2/348/bh1750fvi-e-186247.pdf) | I2C |
 | [BlinkM RGB LED](http://thingm.com/fileadmin/thingm/downloads/BlinkM_datasheet.pdf) | I2C |
 | [BME280 humidity/pressure sensor](https://cdn-shop.adafruit.com/datasheets/BST-BME280_DS001-10.pdf) | I2C |
+| [BMI160 accelerometer/gyroscope](https://www.bosch-sensortec.com/media/boschsensortec/downloads/datasheets/bst-bmi160-ds000.pdf) | SPI |
 | [BMP180 barometer](https://cdn-shop.adafruit.com/datasheets/BST-BMP180-DS000-09.pdf) | I2C |
+| [BMP280 temperature/barometer](https://www.bosch-sensortec.com/media/boschsensortec/downloads/datasheets/bst-bmp280-ds001.pdf) | I2C |
 | [Buzzer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buzzer#Piezoelectric) | GPIO |
 | [DS1307 real time clock](https://datasheets.maximintegrated.com/en/ds/DS1307.pdf) | I2C |
 | [DS3231 real time clock](https://datasheets.maximintegrated.com/en/ds/DS3231.pdf) | I2C |
-| ["Easystepper" stepper motor controller](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stepper_motor) | GPIO |
+| [ESP32 as WiFi Coprocessor with Arduino nina-fw](https://github.com/arduino/nina-fw) | SPI |
 | [ESP8266/ESP32 AT Command set for WiFi/TCP/UDP](https://github.com/espressif/esp32-at) | UART |
 | [GPS module](https://www.u-blox.com/en/product/neo-6-series) | I2C/UART |
+| [HC-SR04 Ultrasonic distance sensor](https://cdn.sparkfun.com/datasheets/Sensors/Proximity/HCSR04.pdf) | GPIO |
+| [HD44780 LCD controller](https://www.sparkfun.com/datasheets/LCD/HD44780.pdf) | GPIO/I2C |
 | [HUB75 RGB led matrix](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/downloads/pdf/32x16-32x32-rgb-led-matrix.pdf) | SPI |
+| [ILI9341 TFT color display](https://cdn-shop.adafruit.com/datasheets/ILI9341.pdf) | SPI |
+| [L293x motor driver](https://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/l293d.pdf) | GPIO/PWM |
+| [L9110x motor driver](https://www.elecrow.com/download/datasheet-l9110.pdf) | GPIO/PWM |
+| [LIS2MDL magnetometer](https://www.st.com/resource/en/datasheet/lis2mdl.pdf) | I2C |
 | [LIS3DH accelerometer](https://www.st.com/resource/en/datasheet/lis3dh.pdf) | I2C |
 | [LSM6DS3 accelerometer](https://www.st.com/resource/en/datasheet/lsm6ds3.pdf) | I2C |
 | [MAG3110 magnetometer](https://www.nxp.com/docs/en/data-sheet/MAG3110.pdf) | I2C |
-| [BBC micro:bit LED matrix](https://github.com/bbcmicrobit/hardware/blob/master/SCH_BBC-Microbit_V1.3B.pdf) | GPIO |
+| [MCP3008 analog to digital converter (ADC)](http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/21295d.pdf) | SPI |
 | [Microphone - PDM](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/049/977/original/MP34DT01-M.pdf) | I2S/PDM |
 | [MMA8653 accelerometer](https://www.nxp.com/docs/en/data-sheet/MMA8653FC.pdf) | I2C |
 | [MPU6050 accelerometer/gyroscope](https://store.invensense.com/datasheets/invensense/MPU-6050_DataSheet_V3%204.pdf) | I2C |
 | [PCD8544 display](http://eia.udg.edu/~forest/PCD8544_1.pdf) | SPI |
+| [Resistive Touchscreen (4-wire)](http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/Appnotes/doc8091.pdf) | GPIO |
+| [Semihosting](https://wiki.segger.com/Semihosting) | Debug |
+| [Shift register (PISO)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shift_register#Parallel-in_serial-out_\(PISO\)) | GPIO |
+| [Shift registers (SIPO)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shift_register#Serial-in_parallel-out_(SIPO)) | GPIO |
 | [SHT3x Digital Humidity Sensor](https://www.sensirion.com/fileadmin/user_upload/customers/sensirion/Dokumente/0_Datasheets/Humidity/Sensirion_Humidity_Sensors_SHT3x_Datasheet_digital.pdf) | I2C |
+| [SPI NOR Flash Memory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_memory#NOR_flash) | SPI/QSPI |
 | [SSD1306 OLED display](https://cdn-shop.adafruit.com/datasheets/SSD1306.pdf) | I2C / SPI |
 | [SSD1331 TFT color display](https://www.crystalfontz.com/controllers/SolomonSystech/SSD1331/381/) | SPI |
+| [SSD1351 OLED display](https://download.mikroe.com/documents/datasheets/ssd1351-revision-1.3.pdf) | SPI |
 | [ST7735 TFT color display](https://www.crystalfontz.com/controllers/Sitronix/ST7735R/319/) | SPI |
 | [ST7789 TFT color display](https://cdn-shop.adafruit.com/product-files/3787/3787_tft_QT154H2201__________20190228182902.pdf) | SPI |
+| [Stepper motor "Easystepper" controller](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stepper_motor) | GPIO |
 | [Thermistor](https://www.farnell.com/datasheets/33552.pdf) | ADC |
+| [TMP102 I2C Temperature Sensor](https://download.mikroe.com/documents/datasheets/tmp102-data-sheet.pdf) | I2C |
+| [VEML6070 UV light sensor](https://www.vishay.com/docs/84277/veml6070.pdf) | I2C |
 | [VL53L1X time-of-flight distance sensor](https://www.st.com/resource/en/datasheet/vl53l1x.pdf) | I2C |
-| [Waveshare 2.13" e-paper display](https://www.waveshare.com/w/upload/e/e6/2.13inch_e-Paper_Datasheet.pdf) | SPI |
 | [Waveshare 2.13" (B & C) e-paper display](https://www.waveshare.com/w/upload/d/d3/2.13inch-e-paper-b-Specification.pdf) | SPI |
+| [Waveshare 2.13" e-paper display](https://www.waveshare.com/w/upload/e/e6/2.13inch_e-Paper_Datasheet.pdf) | SPI |
+| [Waveshare 4.2" e-paper B/W display](https://www.waveshare.com/w/upload/6/6a/4.2inch-e-paper-specification.pdf) | SPI |
 | [WS2812 RGB LED](https://cdn-shop.adafruit.com/datasheets/WS2812.pdf) | GPIO |
 
 ## Contributing

adt7410/adt7410.go

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+// Package adt7410 provides a driver for the adt7410 I2C Temperature Sensor.
+//
+// Datasheet: https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/ADT7410.pdf
+//
+package adt7410 // import "tinygo.org/x/drivers/adt7410"
+
+import (
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers"
+)
+
+type Error uint8
+
+const (
+	ErrInvalidID Error = 0x1
+)
+
+func (e Error) Error() string {
+	switch e {
+	case ErrInvalidID:
+		return "Invalid chip ID"
+	default:
+		return "Unknown error"
+	}
+}
+
+type Device struct {
+	bus     drivers.I2C
+	buf     []byte
+	Address uint8
+}
+
+// New returns ADT7410 device for the provided I2C bus using default address.
+// of 0x48 (1001000).  To use multiple ADT7410 devices, the last 2 bits of the address
+// can be set using by connecting to the A1 and A0 pins to VDD or GND (for a
+// total of up to 4 devices on a I2C bus).  Also note that 10k pullups are
+// recommended for the SDA and SCL lines.
+func New(i2c drivers.I2C) *Device {
+	return &Device{
+		bus:     i2c,
+		buf:     make([]byte, 2),
+		Address: Address,
+	}
+}
+
+// Configure the ADT7410 device.
+func (d *Device) Configure() (err error) {
+	// reset the chip
+	d.writeByte(RegReset, 0xFF)
+	time.Sleep(10 * time.Millisecond)
+	return
+}
+
+// Connected returns whether sensor has been found.
+func (d *Device) Connected() bool {
+	data := []byte{0}
+	d.bus.ReadRegister(uint8(d.Address), RegID, data)
+	return data[0]&0xF8 == 0xC8
+}
+
+// ReadTemperature returns the temperature in celsius milli degrees (°C/1000)
+func (d *Device) ReadTemperature() (temperature int32, err error) {
+	return (int32(d.readUint16(RegTempValueMSB)) * 1000) / 128, nil
+}
+
+// ReadTempC returns the value in the temperature value register, in Celsius.
+func (d *Device) ReadTempC() float32 {
+	t := d.readUint16(RegTempValueMSB)
+	return float32(int(t)) / 128.0
+}
+
+// ReadTempF returns the value in the temperature value register, in Fahrenheit.
+func (d *Device) ReadTempF() float32 {
+	return d.ReadTempC()*1.8 + 32.0
+}
+
+func (d *Device) writeByte(reg uint8, data byte) {
+	d.buf[0] = reg
+	d.buf[1] = data
+	d.bus.Tx(uint16(d.Address), d.buf, nil)
+}
+
+func (d *Device) readByte(reg uint8) byte {
+	d.bus.ReadRegister(d.Address, reg, d.buf)
+	return d.buf[0]
+}
+
+func (d *Device) readUint16(reg uint8) uint16 {
+	d.bus.ReadRegister(d.Address, reg, d.buf)
+	return uint16(d.buf[0])<<8 | uint16(d.buf[1])
+}

adt7410/adt7410_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+package adt7410
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	qt "github.com/frankban/quicktest"
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/tester"
+)
+
+func TestDefaultI2CAddress(t *testing.T) {
+	c := qt.New(t)
+	bus := tester.NewI2CBus(c)
+	dev := New(bus)
+	c.Assert(dev.Address, qt.Equals, uint8(Address))
+}
+
+func TestWhoAmI(t *testing.T) {
+	c := qt.New(t)
+	bus := tester.NewI2CBus(c)
+	fake := tester.NewI2CDevice(c, Address)
+	fake.SetupRegisters(defaultRegisters())
+	bus.AddDevice(fake)
+
+	dev := New(bus)
+	c.Assert(dev.Connected(), qt.Equals, true)
+
+	fake.SetupRegister(RegID, 0x99)
+	c.Assert(dev.Connected(), qt.Equals, false)
+}
+
+// defaultRegisters returns the default values for all of the device's registers.
+// see table 22 on page 27 of the datasheet.
+func defaultRegisters() []uint8 {
+	return []uint8{
+		RegTempValueMSB: 0,
+		RegTempValueLSB: 0,
+		RegStatus:       0,
+		RegConfig:       0,
+		RegTHIGHMsbReg:  0x20,
+		RegTHIGHLsbReg:  0,
+		RegTLOWMsbReg:   0x05,
+		RegTLOWLsbReg:   0,
+		RegTCRITMsbReg:  0x49,
+		RegTCRITLsbReg:  0x80,
+		RegTHYSTReg:     0x05,
+		RegID:           0xC8,
+		RegReset:        0,
+	}
+}

adt7410/registers.go

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+package adt7410
+
+// 0x00 Temperature value most significant byte 0x00
+// 0x01 Temperature value least significant byte 0x00
+// 0x02 Status 0x00
+// 0x03 Configuration 0x00
+// 0x04 THIGH setpoint most significant byte 0x20 (64°C)
+// 0x05 THIGH setpoint least significant byte 0x00 (64°C)
+// 0x06 TLOW setpoint most significant byte 0x05 (10°C)
+// 0x07 TLOW setpoint least significant byte 0x00 (10°C)
+// 0x08 TCRIT setpoint most significant byte 0x49 (147°C)
+// 0x09 TCRIT setpoint least significant byte 0x80 (147°C)
+// 0x0A THYST setpoint 0x05 (5°C)
+// 0x0B ID 0xCX
+// 0x0C Reserved 0xXX
+// 0x0D Reserved 0xXX
+// 0x2E Reserved 0xXX
+// 0x2F Software reset 0xXX
+
+const (
+	// Address is default I2C address.
+	Address = 0x48
+	// Address1 is for first device, aka the default.
+	Address1 = Address
+	// Address2 is for second device.
+	Address2 = 0x49
+	// Address3 is for third device.
+	Address3 = 0x4A
+	// Address4 is for fourth device.
+	Address4 = 0x4B
+
+	// Temperature Value MSB Register
+	RegTempValueMSB = 0x0
+
+	// Temperature Value LSB Register
+	RegTempValueLSB = 0x1
+
+	// Status Register
+	RegStatus = 0x2
+
+	// Config Register
+	RegConfig = 0x3
+
+	// THIGH setpoint most significant byte 0x20 (64°C)
+	RegTHIGHMsbReg = 0x4
+
+	// THIGH setpoint least significant byte 0x00 (64°C)
+	RegTHIGHLsbReg = 0x5
+
+	// TLOW setpoint most significant byte 0x05 (10°C)
+	RegTLOWMsbReg = 0x6
+
+	// TLOW setpoint least significant byte 0x00 (10°C)
+	RegTLOWLsbReg = 0x7
+
+	// TCRIT setpoint most significant byte 0x49 (147°C)
+	RegTCRITMsbReg = 0x8
+
+	// TCRIT setpoint least significant byte 0x80 (147°C)
+	RegTCRITLsbReg = 0x9
+
+	// THYST setpoint 0x05 (5°C)
+	RegTHYSTReg = 0xA
+
+	// ID Register (0xCx)
+	RegID = 0x0B
+
+	// Software Reset Register
+	RegReset = 0x2F
+)

adxl345/adxl345.go

@@ -6,9 +6,7 @@
 //
 package adxl345 // import "tinygo.org/x/drivers/adxl345"
 
-import (
-	"machine"
-)
+import "tinygo.org/x/drivers"
 
 type Range uint8
 type Rate uint8
@@ -40,7 +38,7 @@ type bwRate struct {
 
 // Device wraps an I2C connection to a ADXL345 device.
 type Device struct {
-	bus        machine.I2C
+	bus        drivers.I2C
 	Address    uint16
 	powerCtl   powerCtl
 	dataFormat dataFormat
@@ -52,7 +50,7 @@ type Device struct {
 //
 // This function only creates the Device object, it does not init the device.
 // To do that you must call the Configure() method on the Device before using it.
-func New(bus machine.I2C) Device {
+func New(bus drivers.I2C) Device {
 	return Device{
 		bus: bus,
 		powerCtl: powerCtl{

amg88xx/amg88xx.go

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+// Package amg88xx provides a driver for the AMG88XX Thermal Camera
+//
+// Datasheet:
+// https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/043/261/original/Grid-EYE_SPECIFICATIONS%28Reference%29.pdf
+package amg88xx // import "tinygo.org/x/drivers/amg88xx"
+
+import (
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers"
+)
+
+// Device wraps an I2C connection to a AMG88xx device.
+type Device struct {
+	bus             drivers.I2C
+	Address         uint16
+	data            []uint8
+	interruptMode   InterruptMode
+	interruptEnable uint8
+}
+
+type InterruptMode uint8
+
+type Config struct {
+}
+
+// New creates a new AMG88xx connection. The I2C bus must already be
+// configured.
+//
+// This function only creates the Device object, it does not touch the device.
+func New(bus drivers.I2C) Device {
+	return Device{
+		bus:     bus,
+		Address: AddressHigh,
+	}
+}
+
+// Configure sets up the device for communication
+func (d *Device) Configure(cfg Config) {
+	d.data = make([]uint8, 128)
+
+	d.SetPCTL(NORMAL_MODE)
+	d.SetReset(INITIAL_RESET)
+	d.SetFrameRate(FPS_10)
+
+	time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
+}
+
+// ReadPixels returns the 64 values (8x8 grid) of the sensor converted to  millicelsius
+func (d *Device) ReadPixels(buffer *[64]int16) {
+	d.bus.ReadRegister(uint8(d.Address), PIXEL_OFFSET, d.data)
+	for i := 0; i < 64; i++ {
+		buffer[i] = int16((uint16(d.data[2*i+1]) << 8) | uint16(d.data[2*i]))
+		if (buffer[i] & (1 << 11)) > 0 { // temperature negative
+			buffer[i] &= ^(1 << 11)
+			buffer[i] = -buffer[i]
+		}
+		buffer[i] *= PIXEL_TEMP_CONVERSION
+	}
+}
+
+// SetPCTL sets the PCTL
+func (d *Device) SetPCTL(pctl uint8) {
+	d.bus.WriteRegister(uint8(d.Address), PCTL, []byte{pctl})
+}
+
+// SetReset sets the reset value
+func (d *Device) SetReset(rst uint8) {
+	d.bus.WriteRegister(uint8(d.Address), RST, []byte{rst})
+}
+
+// SetFrameRate configures the frame rate
+func (d *Device) SetFrameRate(framerate uint8) {
+	d.bus.WriteRegister(uint8(d.Address), FPSC, []byte{framerate & 0x01})
+}
+
+// SetMovingAverageMode sets the moving average mode
+func (d *Device) SetMovingAverageMode(mode bool) {
+	var value uint8
+	if mode {
+		value = 1
+	}
+	d.bus.WriteRegister(uint8(d.Address), AVE, []byte{value << 5})
+}
+
+// SetInterruptLevels sets the interrupt levels
+func (d *Device) SetInterruptLevels(high int16, low int16) {
+	d.SetInterruptLevelsHysteresis(high, low, (high*95)/100)
+}
+
+// SetInterruptLevelsHysteresis sets the interrupt levels with hysteresis
+func (d *Device) SetInterruptLevelsHysteresis(high int16, low int16, hysteresis int16) {
+	high = high / PIXEL_TEMP_CONVERSION
+	if high < -4095 {
+		high = -4095
+	}
+	if high > 4095 {
+		high = 4095
+	}
+	d.bus.WriteRegister(uint8(d.Address), INTHL, []byte{uint8(high & 0xFF)})
+	d.bus.WriteRegister(uint8(d.Address), INTHL, []byte{uint8((high & 0xFF) >> 4)})
+
+	low = low / PIXEL_TEMP_CONVERSION
+	if low < -4095 {
+		low = -4095
+	}
+	if low > 4095 {
+		low = 4095
+	}
+	d.bus.WriteRegister(uint8(d.Address), INTHL, []byte{uint8(low & 0xFF)})
+	d.bus.WriteRegister(uint8(d.Address), INTHL, []byte{uint8((low & 0xFF) >> 4)})
+
+	hysteresis = hysteresis / PIXEL_TEMP_CONVERSION
+	if hysteresis < -4095 {
+		hysteresis = -4095
+	}
+	if hysteresis > 4095 {
+		hysteresis = 4095
+	}
+	d.bus.WriteRegister(uint8(d.Address), INTHL, []byte{uint8(hysteresis & 0xFF)})
+	d.bus.WriteRegister(uint8(d.Address), INTHL, []byte{uint8((hysteresis & 0xFF) >> 4)})
+}
+
+// EnableInterrupt enables the interrupt pin on the device
+func (d *Device) EnableInterrupt() {
+	d.interruptEnable = 1
+	d.bus.WriteRegister(uint8(d.Address), INTC, []byte{((uint8(d.interruptMode) << 1) | d.interruptEnable) & 0x03})
+}
+
+// DisableInterrupt disables the interrupt pin on the device
+func (d *Device) DisableInterrupt() {
+	d.interruptEnable = 0
+	d.bus.WriteRegister(uint8(d.Address), INTC, []byte{((uint8(d.interruptMode) << 1) | d.interruptEnable) & 0x03})
+}
+
+// SetInterruptMode sets the interrupt mode
+func (d *Device) SetInterruptMode(mode InterruptMode) {
+	d.interruptMode = mode
+	d.bus.WriteRegister(uint8(d.Address), INTC, []byte{((uint8(d.interruptMode) << 1) | d.interruptEnable) & 0x03})
+}
+
+// GetInterrupt reads the state of the triggered interrupts
+func (d *Device) GetInterrupt() []uint8 {
+	data := make([]uint8, 8)
+	d.bus.ReadRegister(uint8(d.Address), INT_OFFSET, data)
+	return data
+}
+
+// ClearInterrupt clears any triggered interrupts
+func (d *Device) ClearInterrupt() {
+	d.SetReset(FLAG_RESET)
+}
+
+// ReadThermistor reads the onboard thermistor
+func (d *Device) ReadThermistor() int16 {
+	data := make([]uint8, 2)
+	d.bus.ReadRegister(uint8(d.Address), TTHL, data)
+	return (int16((uint16(data[1])<<8)|uint16(data[0])) * THERMISTOR_CONVERSION) / 10
+}

amg88xx/registers.go

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+package amg88xx
+
+// The I2C address which this device listens to.
+const AddressHigh = 0x69
+const AddressLow = 0x68
+
+const (
+	PCTL         = 0x00
+	RST          = 0x01
+	FPSC         = 0x02
+	INTC         = 0x03
+	STAT         = 0x04
+	SCLR         = 0x05
+	AVE          = 0x07
+	INTHL        = 0x08
+	INTHH        = 0x09
+	INTLL        = 0x0A
+	INTLH        = 0x0B
+	IHYSL        = 0x0C
+	IHYSH        = 0x0D
+	TTHL         = 0x0E
+	TTHH         = 0x0F
+	INT_OFFSET   = 0x010
+	PIXEL_OFFSET = 0x80
+
+	// power modes
+	NORMAL_MODE = 0x00
+	SLEEP_MODE  = 0x01
+	STAND_BY_60 = 0x20
+	STAND_BY_10 = 0x21
+
+	// resets
+	FLAG_RESET    = 0x30
+	INITIAL_RESET = 0x3F
+
+	// frame rates
+	FPS_10 = 0x00
+	FPS_1  = 0x01
+
+	// interrupt modes
+	DIFFERENCE     InterruptMode = 0x00
+	ABSOLUTE_VALUE InterruptMode = 0x01
+
+	PIXEL_TEMP_CONVERSION = 250
+	THERMISTOR_CONVERSION = 625
+)

apa102/apa102.go

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ package apa102 // import "tinygo.org/x/drivers/apa102"
 import (
 	"image/color"
 	"machine"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -19,17 +21,25 @@ const (
 	GRB
 )
 
+var startFrame = []byte{0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}
+
 // Device wraps APA102 SPI LEDs.
 type Device struct {
-	bus   machine.SPI
+	bus   drivers.SPI
 	Order int
 }
 
 // New returns a new APA102 driver. Pass in a fully configured SPI bus.
-func New(b machine.SPI) Device {
+func New(b drivers.SPI) Device {
 	return Device{bus: b, Order: BGR}
 }
 
+// NewSoftwareSPI returns a new APA102 driver that will use a software based
+// implementation of the SPI protocol.
+func NewSoftwareSPI(sckPin, sdoPin machine.Pin, delay uint32) Device {
+	return New(&bbSPI{SCK: sckPin, SDO: sdoPin, Delay: delay})
+}
+
 // WriteColors writes the given RGBA color slice out using the APA102 protocol.
 // The A value (Alpha channel) is used for brightness, set to 0xff (255) for maximum.
 func (d Device) WriteColors(cs []color.RGBA) (n int, err error) {
@@ -38,22 +48,22 @@ func (d Device) WriteColors(cs []color.RGBA) (n int, err error) {
 	// write data
 	for _, c := range cs {
 		// brightness is scaled to 5 bit value
-		d.bus.Tx([]byte{0xe0 | (c.A >> 3)}, nil)
+		d.bus.Transfer(0xe0 | (c.A >> 3))
 
 		// set the colors
 		switch d.Order {
 		case BRG:
-			d.bus.Tx([]byte{c.B}, nil)
-			d.bus.Tx([]byte{c.R}, nil)
-			d.bus.Tx([]byte{c.G}, nil)
+			d.bus.Transfer(c.B)
+			d.bus.Transfer(c.R)
+			d.bus.Transfer(c.G)
 		case GRB:
-			d.bus.Tx([]byte{c.G}, nil)
-			d.bus.Tx([]byte{c.R}, nil)
-			d.bus.Tx([]byte{c.B}, nil)
+			d.bus.Transfer(c.G)
+			d.bus.Transfer(c.R)
+			d.bus.Transfer(c.B)
 		case BGR:
-			d.bus.Tx([]byte{c.B}, nil)
-			d.bus.Tx([]byte{c.G}, nil)
-			d.bus.Tx([]byte{c.R}, nil)
+			d.bus.Transfer(c.B)
+			d.bus.Transfer(c.G)
+			d.bus.Transfer(c.R)
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -73,7 +83,7 @@ func (d Device) Write(buf []byte) (n int, err error) {
 
 // startFrame sends the start bytes for a strand of LEDs.
 func (d Device) startFrame() {
-	d.bus.Tx([]byte{0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, nil)
+	d.bus.Tx(startFrame, nil)
 }
 
 // endFrame sends the end frame marker with one extra bit per LED so
@@ -81,6 +91,6 @@ func (d Device) startFrame() {
 // See https://cpldcpu.wordpress.com/2014/11/30/understanding-the-apa102-superled/
 func (d Device) endFrame(count int) {
 	for i := 0; i < count/16; i++ {
-		d.bus.Tx([]byte{0xff}, nil)
+		d.bus.Transfer(0xff)
 	}
 }

apa102/softspi.go

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+package apa102
+
+import "machine"
+
+// bbSPI is a dumb bit-bang implementation of SPI protocol that is hardcoded
+// to mode 0 and ignores trying to receive data. Just enough for the APA102.
+// Note: making this unexported for now because it is probable not suitable
+// most purposes other than the APA102 package. It might be desirable to make
+// this more generic and include it in the TinyGo "machine" package instead.
+type bbSPI struct {
+	SCK   machine.Pin
+	SDO   machine.Pin
+	Delay uint32
+}
+
+// Configure sets up the SCK and SDO pins as outputs and sets them low
+func (s *bbSPI) Configure() {
+	s.SCK.Configure(machine.PinConfig{Mode: machine.PinOutput})
+	s.SDO.Configure(machine.PinConfig{Mode: machine.PinOutput})
+	s.SCK.Low()
+	s.SDO.Low()
+	if s.Delay == 0 {
+		s.Delay = 1
+	}
+}
+
+// Tx matches signature of machine.SPI.Tx() and is used to send multiple bytes.
+// The r slice is ignored and no error will ever be returned.
+func (s *bbSPI) Tx(w []byte, r []byte) error {
+	s.Configure()
+	for _, b := range w {
+		s.Transfer(b)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// delay represents a quarter of the clock cycle
+func (s *bbSPI) delay() {
+	for i := uint32(0); i < s.Delay; {
+		i++
+	}
+}
+
+// Transfer matches signature of machine.SPI.Transfer() and is used to send a
+// single byte. The received data is ignored and no error will ever be returned.
+func (s *bbSPI) Transfer(b byte) (byte, error) {
+	for i := uint8(0); i < 8; i++ {
+
+		// half clock cycle high to start
+		s.SCK.High()
+		s.delay()
+
+		// write the value to SDO (MSB first)
+		if b&(1<<(7-i)) == 0 {
+			s.SDO.Low()
+		} else {
+			s.SDO.High()
+		}
+		s.delay()
+
+		// half clock cycle low
+		s.SCK.Low()
+		s.delay()
+
+		// for actual SPI would try to read the SDI value here
+		s.delay()
+	}
+
+	return 0, nil
+}

at24cx/at24cx.go

@@ -6,13 +6,14 @@ package at24cx // import "tinygo.org/x/drivers/at24cx"
 
 import (
 	"errors"
-	"machine"
 	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers"
 )
 
 // Device wraps an I2C connection to a DS3231 device.
 type Device struct {
-	bus               machine.I2C
+	bus               drivers.I2C
 	Address           uint16
 	pageSize          uint16
 	currentRAMAddress uint16
@@ -30,7 +31,7 @@ type Config struct {
 // configured.
 //
 // This function only creates the Device object, it does not touch the device.
-func New(bus machine.I2C) Device {
+func New(bus drivers.I2C) Device {
 	return Device{
 		bus:     bus,
 		Address: Address,

bh1750/bh1750.go

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ package bh1750 // import "tinygo.org/x/drivers/bh1750"
 import (
 	"time"
 
-	"machine"
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers"
 )
 
 // SamplingMode is the sampling's resolution of the measurement
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ type SamplingMode byte
 
 // Device wraps an I2C connection to a bh1750 device.
 type Device struct {
-	bus     machine.I2C
+	bus     drivers.I2C
 	Address uint16
 	mode    SamplingMode
 }
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ type Device struct {
 // configured.
 //
 // This function only creates the Device object, it does not touch the device.
-func New(bus machine.I2C) Device {
+func New(bus drivers.I2C) Device {
 	return Device{
 		bus:     bus,
 		Address: Address,

blinkm/blinkm.go

@@ -1,15 +1,14 @@
 // Package blinkm implements a driver for the BlinkM I2C RGB LED.
 //
 // Datasheet: http://thingm.com/fileadmin/thingm/downloads/BlinkM_datasheet.pdf
+//
 package blinkm // import "tinygo.org/x/drivers/blinkm"
 
-import (
-	"machine"
-)
+import "tinygo.org/x/drivers"
 
 // Device wraps an I2C connection to a BlinkM device.
 type Device struct {
-	bus     machine.I2C
+	bus     drivers.I2C
 	Address uint16
 }
 
@@ -17,7 +16,7 @@ type Device struct {
 // configured.
 //
 // This function only creates the Device object, it does not touch the device.
-func New(bus machine.I2C) Device {
+func New(bus drivers.I2C) Device {
 	return Device{bus, Address}
 }
 

bme280/bme280.go

@@ -7,8 +7,9 @@
 package bme280
 
 import (
-	"machine"
 	"math"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers"
 )
 
 // calibrationCoefficients reads at startup and stores the calibration coefficients
@@ -35,7 +36,7 @@ type calibrationCoefficients struct {
 
 // Device wraps an I2C connection to a BME280 device.
 type Device struct {
-	bus                     machine.I2C
+	bus                     drivers.I2C
 	Address                 uint16
 	calibrationCoefficients calibrationCoefficients
 }
@@ -44,7 +45,7 @@ type Device struct {
 // configured.
 //
 // This function only creates the Device object, it does not touch the device.
-func New(bus machine.I2C) Device {
+func New(bus drivers.I2C) Device {
 	return Device{
 		bus:     bus,
 		Address: Address,
@@ -112,7 +113,7 @@ func (d *Device) Reset() {
 	d.bus.WriteRegister(uint8(d.Address), CMD_RESET, []byte{0xB6})
 }
 
-// ReadTemperature returns the temperature in celsius milli degrees (ºC/1000)
+// ReadTemperature returns the temperature in celsius milli degrees (°C/1000)
 func (d *Device) ReadTemperature() (int32, error) {
 	data, err := d.readData()
 	if err != nil {

bmi160/bmi160.go

@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+package bmi160
+
+import (
+	"machine"
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers"
+)
+
+// DeviceSPI is the SPI interface to a BMI160 accelerometer/gyroscope. There is
+// also an I2C interface, but it is not yet supported.
+type DeviceSPI struct {
+	// Chip select pin
+	CSB machine.Pin
+
+	// SPI bus (requires chip select to be usable).
+	Bus drivers.SPI
+}
+
+// NewSPI returns a new device driver. The pin and SPI interface are not
+// touched, provide a fully configured SPI object and call Configure to start
+// using this device.
+func NewSPI(csb machine.Pin, spi drivers.SPI) *DeviceSPI {
+	return &DeviceSPI{
+		CSB: csb, // chip select
+		Bus: spi,
+	}
+}
+
+// Configure configures the BMI160 for use. It configures the CSB pin and
+// configures the BMI160, but it does not configure the SPI interface (it is
+// assumed to be up and running).
+func (d *DeviceSPI) Configure() error {
+	d.CSB.Configure(machine.PinConfig{Mode: machine.PinOutput})
+	d.CSB.High()
+
+	// The datasheet recommends doing a register read from address 0x7F to get
+	// SPI communication going:
+	// > If CSB sees a rising edge after power-up, the BMI160 interface switches
+	// > to SPI until a reset or the next power-up occurs. Therefore, a CSB
+	// > rising edge is needed before starting the SPI communication. Hence, it
+	// > is recommended to perform a SPI single read access to the ADDRESS 0x7F
+	// > before the actual communication in order to use the SPI interface.
+	d.readRegister(0x7F)
+
+	// Power up the accelerometer. 0b0001_00nn is the command format, with 0b01
+	// indicating normal mode.
+	d.runCommand(0b0001_0001)
+
+	// Power up the gyroscope. 0b0001_01nn is the command format, with 0b01
+	// indicating normal mode.
+	d.runCommand(0b0001_0101)
+
+	// Wait until the device is fully initialized. Even after the command has
+	// finished, the gyroscope may not be fully powered on. Therefore, wait
+	// until we get an expected value.
+	// This takes 30ms or so.
+	for {
+		// Wait for the acc_pmu_status and gyr_pmu_status to both be 0b01.
+		if d.readRegister(reg_PMU_STATUS) == 0b0001_0100 {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Connected check whether the device appears to be properly connected. It reads
+// the CHIPID, which must be 0xD1 for the BMI160.
+func (d *DeviceSPI) Connected() bool {
+	return d.readRegister(reg_CHIPID) == 0xD1
+}
+
+// Reset restores the device to the state after power up. This can be useful to
+// easily disable the accelerometer and gyroscope to reduce current consumption.
+func (d *DeviceSPI) Reset() error {
+	d.runCommand(0xB6) // softreset
+	return nil
+}
+
+// ReadTemperature returns the temperature in celsius milli degrees (°C/1000).
+func (d *DeviceSPI) ReadTemperature() (temperature int32, err error) {
+	data := []byte{0x80 | reg_TEMPERATURE_0, 0, 0}
+	d.CSB.Low()
+	err = d.Bus.Tx(data, data)
+	d.CSB.High()
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	rawTemperature := int16(uint16(data[1]) | uint16(data[2])<<8)
+	// 0x0000 is 23°C
+	// 0x7fff is ~87°C
+	// We use 0x8000 instead of 0x7fff to make the formula easier. The result
+	// should be near identical and shouldn't affect the result too much (the
+	// temperature sensor has an offset of around 2°C so isn't very reliable).
+	// So the formula is as follows:
+	// 1. Scale from 0x0000..0x8000 to 0..(87-23).
+	//    rawTemperature * (87-23) / 0x8000
+	// 2. Convert to centidegrees.
+	//    rawTemperature * 1000 * (87-23) / 0x8000
+	// 3. Add 23°C offset.
+	//    rawTemperature * 1000 * (87-23) / 0x8000 + 23000
+	// 4. Simplify.
+	//    rawTemperature * 1000 * 64 / 0x8000 + 23000
+	//    rawTemperature * 64000 / 0x8000 + 23000
+	//    rawTemperature * 125 / 64 + 23000
+	temperature = int32(rawTemperature)*125/64 + 23000
+	return
+}
+
+// ReadAcceleration reads the current acceleration from the device and returns
+// it in µg (micro-gravity). When one of the axes is pointing straight to Earth
+// and the sensor is not moving the returned value will be around 1000000 or
+// -1000000.
+func (d *DeviceSPI) ReadAcceleration() (x int32, y int32, z int32, err error) {
+	data := []byte{0x80 | reg_ACC_XL, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
+	d.CSB.Low()
+	err = d.Bus.Tx(data, data)
+	d.CSB.High()
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	// Now do two things:
+	// 1. merge the two values to a 16-bit number (and cast to a 32-bit integer)
+	// 2. scale the value to bring it in the -1000000..1000000 range.
+	//    This is done with a trick. What we do here is essentially multiply by
+	//    1000000 and divide by 16384 to get the original scale, but to avoid
+	//    overflow we do it at 1/64 of the value:
+	//      1000000 / 64 = 15625
+	//      16384   / 64 = 256
+	x = int32(int16(uint16(data[1])|uint16(data[2])<<8)) * 15625 / 256
+	y = int32(int16(uint16(data[3])|uint16(data[4])<<8)) * 15625 / 256
+	z = int32(int16(uint16(data[5])|uint16(data[6])<<8)) * 15625 / 256
+	return
+}
+
+// ReadRotation reads the current rotation from the device and returns it in
+// µ°/s (micro-degrees/sec). This means that if you were to do a complete
+// rotation along one axis and while doing so integrate all values over time,
+// you would get a value close to 360000000.
+func (d *DeviceSPI) ReadRotation() (x int32, y int32, z int32, err error) {
+	data := []byte{0x80 | reg_GYR_XL, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
+	d.CSB.Low()
+	err = d.Bus.Tx(data, data)
+	d.CSB.High()
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	// First the value is converted from a pair of bytes to a signed 16-bit
+	// value and then to a signed 32-bit value to avoid integer overflow.
+	// Then the value is scaled to µ°/s (micro-degrees per second).
+	// The default is 2000°/s full scale range for -32768..32767.
+	// The formula works as follows (taking X as an example):
+	// 1. Scale from 32768 to 2000. This means that it is in °/s units.
+	//    rawX * 2000 / 32768
+	// 2. Scale to µ°/s by multiplying by 1e6.
+	//    rawX * 1e6 * 2000 / 32768
+	// 3. Simplify.
+	//    rawX * 2e9 / 32768
+	//    rawX * 1953125 / 32
+	rawX := int32(int16(uint16(data[1]) | uint16(data[2])<<8))
+	rawY := int32(int16(uint16(data[3]) | uint16(data[4])<<8))
+	rawZ := int32(int16(uint16(data[5]) | uint16(data[6])<<8))
+	x = int32(int64(rawX) * 1953125 / 32)
+	y = int32(int64(rawY) * 1953125 / 32)
+	z = int32(int64(rawZ) * 1953125 / 32)
+	return
+}
+
+// runCommand runs a BMI160 command through the CMD register. It waits for the
+// command to complete before returning.
+func (d *DeviceSPI) runCommand(command uint8) {
+	d.writeRegister(reg_CMD, command)
+	for {
+		response := d.readRegister(reg_CMD)
+		if response == 0 {
+			return // command was completed
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// readRegister reads from a single BMI160 register. It should only be used for
+// single register reads, not for reading multiple registers at once.
+func (d *DeviceSPI) readRegister(address uint8) uint8 {
+	// I don't know why but it appears necessary to sleep for a bit here.
+	time.Sleep(time.Millisecond)
+
+	data := []byte{0x80 | address, 0}
+	d.CSB.Low()
+	d.Bus.Tx(data, data)
+	d.CSB.High()
+	return data[1]
+}
+
+// writeRegister writes a single byte BMI160 register. It should only be used
+// for writing to a single register.
+func (d *DeviceSPI) writeRegister(address, data uint8) {
+	// I don't know why but it appears necessary to sleep for a bit here.
+	time.Sleep(time.Millisecond)
+
+	d.CSB.Low()
+	d.Bus.Tx([]byte{address, data}, []byte{0, 0})
+	d.CSB.High()
+}

bmi160/registers.go

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+package bmi160
+
+const (
+	reg_CHIPID        = 0x00
+	reg_ERR_REG       = 0x02
+	reg_PMU_STATUS    = 0x03
+	reg_MAG_XL        = 0x04
+	reg_MAG_XH        = 0x05
+	reg_MAG_YL        = 0x06
+	reg_MAG_YH        = 0x07
+	reg_MAG_ZL        = 0x08
+	reg_MAG_ZH        = 0x09
+	reg_RHALL_L       = 0x0A
+	reg_RHALL_H       = 0x0B
+	reg_GYR_XL        = 0x0C
+	reg_GYR_XH        = 0x0D
+	reg_GYR_YL        = 0x0E
+	reg_GYR_YH        = 0x0F
+	reg_GYR_ZL        = 0x10
+	reg_GYR_ZH        = 0x11
+	reg_ACC_XL        = 0x12
+	reg_ACC_XH        = 0x13
+	reg_ACC_YL        = 0x14
+	reg_ACC_YH        = 0x15
+	reg_ACC_ZL        = 0x16
+	reg_ACC_ZH        = 0x17
+	reg_SENSORTIME_0  = 0x18
+	reg_SENSORTIME_1  = 0x19
+	reg_SENSORTIME_2  = 0x1A
+	reg_STATUS        = 0x1B
+	reg_INT_STATUS_0  = 0x1C
+	reg_INT_STATUS_1  = 0x1D
+	reg_INT_STATUS_2  = 0x1E
+	reg_INT_STATUS_3  = 0x1F
+	reg_TEMPERATURE_0 = 0x20
+	reg_TEMPERATURE_1 = 0x21
+	reg_FIFO_LENGTH_0 = 0x22
+	reg_FIFO_LENGTH_1 = 0x23
+	reg_FIFO_DATA     = 0x24
+
+	// ...
+
+	reg_CMD = 0x7E
+)

bmp180/bmp180.go

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ package bmp180 // import "tinygo.org/x/drivers/bmp180"
 import (
 	"time"
 
-	"machine"
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers"
 )
 
 // OversamplingMode is the oversampling ratio of the pressure measurement.
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ type calibrationCoefficients struct {
 
 // Device wraps an I2C connection to a BMP180 device.
 type Device struct {
-	bus                     machine.I2C
+	bus                     drivers.I2C
 	Address                 uint16
 	mode                    OversamplingMode
 	calibrationCoefficients calibrationCoefficients
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ type Device struct {
 //
 // This function only creates the Device object, it does not initialize the device.
 // You must call Configure() first in order to use the device itself.
-func New(bus machine.I2C) Device {
+func New(bus drivers.I2C) Device {
 	return Device{
 		bus:     bus,
 		Address: Address,
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ func (d *Device) Configure() {
 	d.calibrationCoefficients.md = readInt(data[20], data[21])
 }
 
-// ReadTemperature returns the temperature in celsius milli degrees (ºC/1000).
+// ReadTemperature returns the temperature in celsius milli degrees (°C/1000).
 func (d *Device) ReadTemperature() (temperature int32, err error) {
 	rawTemp, err := d.rawTemp()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ func (d *Device) ReadPressure() (pressure int32, err error) {
 }
 
 // rawTemp returns the sensor's raw values of the temperature
-func (d *Device) rawTemp() (int16, error) {
+func (d *Device) rawTemp() (int32, error) {
 	d.bus.WriteRegister(uint8(d.Address), REG_CTRL, []byte{CMD_TEMP})
 	time.Sleep(5 * time.Millisecond)
 	data := make([]byte, 2)
@@ -133,12 +133,12 @@ func (d *Device) rawTemp() (int16, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return 0, err
 	}
-	return readInt(data[0], data[1]), nil
+	return int32(uint16(data[0])<<8 | uint16(data[1])), nil
 }
 
 // calculateB5 calculates intermediate value B5 as per page 15 of datasheet
-func (d *Device) calculateB5(rawTemp int16) int32 {
-	x1 := (int32(rawTemp) - int32(d.calibrationCoefficients.ac6)) * int32(d.calibrationCoefficients.ac5) >> 15
+func (d *Device) calculateB5(rawTemp int32) int32 {
+	x1 := (rawTemp - int32(d.calibrationCoefficients.ac6)) * int32(d.calibrationCoefficients.ac5) >> 15
 	x2 := int32(d.calibrationCoefficients.mc) << 11 / (x1 + int32(d.calibrationCoefficients.md))
 	return x1 + x2
 }

bmp280/bmp280.go

@@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
+package bmp280
+
+import (
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers"
+)
+
+// OversamplingMode is the oversampling ratio of the temperature or pressure measurement.
+type Oversampling uint
+
+// Mode is the Power Mode.
+type Mode uint
+
+// Standby is the inactive period between the reads when the sensor is in normal power mode.
+type Standby uint
+
+// Filter unwanted changes in measurement caused by external (environmental) or internal changes (IC).
+type Filter uint
+
+// Device wraps an I2C connection to a BMP280 device.
+type Device struct {
+	bus         drivers.I2C
+	Address     uint16
+	cali        calibrationCoefficients
+	Temperature Oversampling
+	Pressure    Oversampling
+	Mode        Mode
+	Standby     Standby
+	Filter      Filter
+}
+
+type calibrationCoefficients struct {
+	// Temperature compensation
+	t1 uint16
+	t2 int16
+	t3 int16
+
+	// Pressure compensation
+	p1 uint16
+	p2 int16
+	p3 int16
+	p4 int16
+	p5 int16
+	p6 int16
+	p7 int16
+	p8 int16
+	p9 int16
+}
+
+// New creates a new BMP280 connection. The I2C bus must already be
+// configured.
+//
+// This function only creates the Device object, it does not initialize the device.
+// You must call Configure() first in order to use the device itself.
+func New(bus drivers.I2C) Device {
+	return Device{
+		bus:     bus,
+		Address: Address,
+	}
+}
+
+// Connected returns whether a BMP280 has been found.
+// It does a "who am I" request and checks the response.
+func (d *Device) Connected() bool {
+	data := make([]byte, 1)
+	d.bus.ReadRegister(uint8(d.Address), REG_ID, data)
+	return data[0] == CHIP_ID
+}
+
+// Reset preforms complete power-on-reset procedure.
+// It is required to call Configure afterwards.
+func (d *Device) Reset() {
+	d.bus.WriteRegister(uint8(d.Address), REG_RESET, []byte{CMD_RESET})
+}
+
+// Configure sets up the device for communication and
+// read the calibration coefficients.
+func (d *Device) Configure(standby Standby, filter Filter, temp Oversampling, pres Oversampling, mode Mode) {
+	d.Standby = standby
+	d.Filter = filter
+	d.Temperature = temp
+	d.Pressure = pres
+	d.Mode = mode
+
+	//  Write the configuration (standby, filter, spi 3 wire)
+	config := uint(d.Standby<<5) | uint(d.Filter<<2) | 0x00
+	d.bus.WriteRegister(uint8(d.Address), REG_CONFIG, []byte{byte(config)})
+
+	// Write the control (temperature oversampling, pressure oversampling,
+	config = uint(d.Temperature<<5) | uint(d.Pressure<<2) | uint(d.Mode)
+	d.bus.WriteRegister(uint8(d.Address), REG_CTRL_MEAS, []byte{byte(config)})
+
+	// Read Calibration data
+	data := make([]byte, 24)
+	err := d.bus.ReadRegister(uint8(d.Address), REG_CALI, data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Datasheet: 3.11.2 Trimming parameter readout
+	d.cali.t1 = readUintLE(data[0], data[1])
+	d.cali.t2 = readIntLE(data[2], data[3])
+	d.cali.t3 = readIntLE(data[4], data[5])
+
+	d.cali.p1 = readUintLE(data[6], data[7])
+	d.cali.p2 = readIntLE(data[8], data[9])
+	d.cali.p3 = readIntLE(data[10], data[11])
+	d.cali.p4 = readIntLE(data[12], data[13])
+	d.cali.p5 = readIntLE(data[14], data[15])
+	d.cali.p6 = readIntLE(data[16], data[17])
+	d.cali.p7 = readIntLE(data[18], data[19])
+	d.cali.p8 = readIntLE(data[20], data[21])
+	d.cali.p9 = readIntLE(data[22], data[23])
+}
+
+// PrintCali prints the Calibration information.
+func (d *Device) PrintCali() {
+	println("T1:", d.cali.t1)
+	println("T2:", d.cali.t2)
+	println("T3:", d.cali.t3)
+
+	println("P1:", d.cali.p1)
+	println("P2:", d.cali.p2)
+	println("P3:", d.cali.p3)
+	println("P4:", d.cali.p4)
+	println("P5:", d.cali.p5)
+	println("P6:", d.cali.p6)
+	println("P7:", d.cali.p7)
+	println("P8:", d.cali.p8)
+	println("P9:", d.cali.p9, "\n")
+}
+
+// ReadTemperature returns the temperature in celsius milli degrees (°C/1000).
+func (d *Device) ReadTemperature() (temperature int32, err error) {
+	data, err := d.readData(REG_TEMP, 3)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	rawTemp := convert3Bytes(data[0], data[1], data[2])
+
+	// Datasheet: 8.2 Compensation formula in 32 bit fixed point
+	// Temperature compensation
+	var1 := ((rawTemp >> 3) - int32(d.cali.t1<<1)) * int32(d.cali.t2) >> 11
+	var2 := (((rawTemp >> 4) - int32(d.cali.t1)) * ((rawTemp >> 4) - int32(d.cali.t1)) >> 12) *
+		int32(d.cali.t3) >> 14
+
+	tFine := var1 + var2
+
+	// Convert from degrees to milli degrees by multiplying by 10.
+	// Will output 30250 milli degrees celsius for 30.25 degrees celsius
+	temperature = 10 * ((tFine*5 + 128) >> 8)
+	return
+}
+
+// ReadPressure returns the pressure in milli pascals (mPa).
+func (d *Device) ReadPressure() (pressure int32, err error) {
+	// First 3 bytes are Pressure, last 3 bytes are Temperature
+	data, err := d.readData(REG_PRES, 6)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	rawTemp := convert3Bytes(data[3], data[4], data[5])
+
+	// Datasheet: 8.2 Compensation formula in 32 bit fixed point
+	// Calculate tFine (temperature), used for the Pressure compensation
+	var1 := ((rawTemp >> 3) - int32(d.cali.t1<<1)) * int32(d.cali.t2) >> 11
+	var2 := (((rawTemp >> 4) - int32(d.cali.t1)) * ((rawTemp >> 4) - int32(d.cali.t1)) >> 12) *
+		int32(d.cali.t3) >> 14
+
+	tFine := var1 + var2
+
+	rawPres := convert3Bytes(data[0], data[1], data[2])
+
+	// Datasheet: 8.2 Compensation formula in 32 bit fixed point
+	// Pressure compensation
+	var1 = (tFine >> 1) - 64000
+	var2 = (((var1 >> 2) * (var1 >> 2)) >> 11) * int32(d.cali.p6)
+	var2 = var2 + ((var1 * int32(d.cali.p5)) << 1)
+	var2 = (var2 >> 2) + (int32(d.cali.p4) << 16)
+	var1 = (((int32(d.cali.p3) * (((var1 >> 2) * (var1 >> 2)) >> 13)) >> 3) +
+		((int32(d.cali.p2) * var1) >> 1)) >> 18
+	var1 = ((32768 + var1) * int32(d.cali.p1)) >> 15
+
+	if var1 == 0 {
+		return 0, nil
+	}
+
+	p := uint32(((1048576 - rawPres) - (var2 >> 12)) * 3125)
+	if p < 0x80000000 {
+		p = (p << 1) / uint32(var1)
+	} else {
+		p = (p / uint32(var1)) * 2
+	}
+
+	var1 = (int32(d.cali.p9) * int32(((p>>3)*(p>>3))>>13)) >> 12
+	var2 = (int32(p>>2) * int32(d.cali.p8)) >> 13
+
+	return 1000 * (int32(p) + ((var1 + var2 + int32(d.cali.p7)) >> 4)), nil
+}
+
+// readData reads n number of bytes of the specified register
+func (d *Device) readData(register int, n int) ([]byte, error) {
+	// If not in normal mode, set the mode to FORCED mode, to prevent incorrect measurements
+	// After the measurement in FORCED mode, the sensor will return to SLEEP mode
+	if d.Mode != MODE_NORMAL {
+		config := uint(d.Temperature<<5) | uint(d.Pressure<<2) | uint(MODE_FORCED)
+		d.bus.WriteRegister(uint8(d.Address), REG_CTRL_MEAS, []byte{byte(config)})
+	}
+
+	// Check STATUS register, wait if data is not available yet
+	status := make([]byte, 1)
+	for d.bus.ReadRegister(uint8(d.Address), uint8(REG_STATUS), status[0:]); status[0] != 4 && status[0] != 0; d.bus.ReadRegister(uint8(d.Address), uint8(REG_STATUS), status[0:]) {
+		time.Sleep(time.Millisecond)
+	}
+
+	// Read the requested register
+	data := make([]byte, n)
+	err := d.bus.ReadRegister(uint8(d.Address), uint8(register), data[:])
+	return data, err
+}
+
+// convert3Bytes converts three bytes to int32
+func convert3Bytes(msb byte, b1 byte, lsb byte) int32 {
+	return int32(((((uint32(msb) << 8) | uint32(b1)) << 8) | uint32(lsb)) >> 4)
+}
+
+// readUint converts two bytes to uint16
+func readUint(msb byte, lsb byte) uint16 {
+	return (uint16(msb) << 8) | uint16(lsb)
+}
+
+// readUintLE converts two little endian bytes to uint16
+func readUintLE(msb byte, lsb byte) uint16 {
+	temp := readUint(msb, lsb)
+	return (temp >> 8) | (temp << 8)
+}
+
+// readIntLE converts two little endian bytes to int16
+func readIntLE(msb byte, lsb byte) int16 {
+	return int16(readUintLE(msb, lsb))
+}

bmp280/registers.go

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+// Package bmp280 provides a driver for the BMP280 digital temperature & pressure sensor by Bosch.
+//
+// Datasheet: https://www.bosch-sensortec.com/media/boschsensortec/downloads/datasheets/bst-bmp280-ds001.pdf
+package bmp280
+
+// The I2C address which this device listens to.
+const Address = 0x77
+
+// Registers
+const (
+	REG_ID        = 0xD0 // WHO_AM_I
+	REG_RESET     = 0xE0
+	REG_STATUS    = 0xF3
+	REG_CTRL_MEAS = 0xF4
+	REG_CONFIG    = 0xF5
+	REG_TEMP      = 0xFA
+	REG_PRES      = 0xF7
+	REG_CALI      = 0x88
+
+	CHIP_ID   = 0x58
+	CMD_RESET = 0xB6
+)
+
+const (
+	SAMPLING_SKIPPED Oversampling = iota
+	SAMPLING_1X
+	SAMPLING_2X
+	SAMPLING_4X
+	SAMPLING_8X
+	SAMPLING_16X
+)
+
+const (
+	MODE_SLEEP  Mode = 0x00
+	MODE_FORCED Mode = 0x01
+	MODE_NORMAL Mode = 0x03
+)
+
+const (
+	STANDBY_1MS Standby = iota
+	STANDBY_63MS
+	STANDBY_125MS
+	STANDBY_250MS
+	STANDBY_500MS
+	STANDBY_1000MS
+	STANDBY_2000MS
+	STANDBY_4000MS
+)
+
+const (
+	FILTER_OFF Filter = iota
+	FILTER_2X
+	FILTER_4X
+	FILTER_8X
+	FILTER_16X
+)

drivers.go

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-// Package drivers provides a collection of hardware drivers for devices that
-// can be used together with TinyGo (https://tinygo.org).
+// Package drivers provides a collection of hardware drivers for TinyGo (https://tinygo.org)
+// for devices such as sensors and displays.
 //
 // Here is an example in TinyGo that uses the BMP180 digital barometer:
 //
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 //		"time"
 //		"machine"
 //
-// 		"github.com/tinygo-org/drivers/bmp180"
+// 		"tinygo.org/x/drivers/bmp180"
 // 	)
 //
 // 	func main() {
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 //
 //		for {
 //			temp, _ := sensor.ReadTemperature()
-//			println("Temperature:", float32(temp)/1000, "ºC")
+//			println("Temperature:", float32(temp)/1000, "°C")
 //
 //			pressure, _ := sensor.ReadPressure()
 //			println("Pressure", float32(pressure)/100000, "hPa")

ds1307/ds1307.go

@@ -9,18 +9,18 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"time"
 
-	"machine"
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers"
 )
 
 // Device wraps an I2C connection to a DS1307 device.
 type Device struct {
-	bus         machine.I2C
+	bus         drivers.I2C
 	Address     uint8
 	AddressSRAM uint8
 }
 
 // New creates a new DS1307 connection. I2C bus must be already configured.
-func New(bus machine.I2C) Device {
+func New(bus drivers.I2C) Device {
 	return Device{bus: bus,
 		Address:     uint8(I2CAddress),
 		AddressSRAM: SRAMBeginAddres,
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ func (d *Device) SetTime(t time.Time) error {
 	return err
 }
 
-// Time returns the time and date
-func (d *Device) Time() (time.Time, error) {
+// ReadTime returns the date and time
+func (d *Device) ReadTime() (time.Time, error) {
 	data := make([]byte, 8)
 	err := d.bus.ReadRegister(d.Address, uint8(TimeDate), data)
 	if err != nil {

ds3231/ds3231.go

@@ -5,15 +5,16 @@
 package ds3231 // import "tinygo.org/x/drivers/ds3231"
 
 import (
-	"machine"
 	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers"
 )
 
 type Mode uint8
 
 // Device wraps an I2C connection to a DS3231 device.
 type Device struct {
-	bus     machine.I2C
+	bus     drivers.I2C
 	Address uint16
 }
 
@@ -21,7 +22,7 @@ type Device struct {
 // configured.
 //
 // This function only creates the Device object, it does not touch the device.
-func New(bus machine.I2C) Device {
+func New(bus drivers.I2C) Device {
 	return Device{
 		bus:     bus,
 		Address: Address,

easystepper/easystepper.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Simple driver to rotate a 4-wire stepper motor
+// Package easystepper provides a simple driver to rotate a 4-wire stepper motor.
 package easystepper // import "tinygo.org/x/drivers/easystepper"
 
 import (
@@ -10,47 +10,115 @@ import (
 type Device struct {
 	pins       [4]machine.Pin
 	stepDelay  int32
-	stepNumber int32
+	stepNumber uint8
 }
 
-// New returns a new easystepper driver given 4 pins numbers (not pin object),
-// number of steps and rpm
+// DualDevice holds information for controlling 2 motors
+type DualDevice struct {
+	devices [2]Device
+}
+
+// New returns a new easystepper driver given 4 pins, number of steps and rpm
 func New(pin1, pin2, pin3, pin4 machine.Pin, steps int32, rpm int32) Device {
-	pin1.Configure(machine.PinConfig{Mode: machine.PinOutput})
-	pin2.Configure(machine.PinConfig{Mode: machine.PinOutput})
-	pin3.Configure(machine.PinConfig{Mode: machine.PinOutput})
-	pin4.Configure(machine.PinConfig{Mode: machine.PinOutput})
 	return Device{
 		pins:      [4]machine.Pin{pin1, pin2, pin3, pin4},
 		stepDelay: 60000000 / (steps * rpm),
 	}
 }
 
+// Configure configures the pins of the Device
+func (d *Device) Configure() {
+	for _, pin := range d.pins {
+		pin.Configure(machine.PinConfig{Mode: machine.PinOutput})
+	}
+}
+
+// NewDual returns a new dual easystepper driver given 8 pins, number of steps and rpm
+func NewDual(pin1, pin2, pin3, pin4, pin5, pin6, pin7, pin8 machine.Pin, steps int32, rpm int32) DualDevice {
+	var dual DualDevice
+	dual.devices[0] = Device{
+		pins:      [4]machine.Pin{pin1, pin2, pin3, pin4},
+		stepDelay: 60000000 / (steps * rpm),
+	}
+	dual.devices[1] = Device{
+		pins:      [4]machine.Pin{pin5, pin6, pin7, pin8},
+		stepDelay: 60000000 / (steps * rpm),
+	}
+	return dual
+}
+
+// Configure configures the pins of the DualDevice
+func (d *DualDevice) Configure() {
+	d.devices[0].Configure()
+	d.devices[1].Configure()
+}
+
 // Move rotates the motor the number of given steps
 // (negative steps will rotate it the opposite direction)
 func (d *Device) Move(steps int32) {
 	direction := steps > 0
 	if steps < 0 {
-		steps = -steps - d.stepNumber
-	} else {
-		steps += d.stepNumber
+		steps = -steps
 	}
-	var stepN int8
+	steps += int32(d.stepNumber)
 	var s int32
-	for s = d.stepNumber; s < steps; s++ {
+	d.stepMotor(d.stepNumber)
+	for s = int32(d.stepNumber); s < steps; s++ {
 		time.Sleep(time.Duration(d.stepDelay) * time.Microsecond)
-		if direction {
-			stepN = int8(s % 4)
-		} else {
-			stepN = int8((s + 2*(s%2)) % 4)
-		}
-		d.stepMotor(stepN)
+		d.moveDirectionSteps(direction, s)
 	}
-	d.stepNumber = int32(stepN)
+}
+
+// Off turns off all motor pins
+func (d *Device) Off() {
+	for _, pin := range d.pins {
+		pin.Low()
+	}
+}
+
+// Move rotates the motors the number of given steps
+// (negative steps will rotate it the opposite direction)
+func (d *DualDevice) Move(stepsA, stepsB int32) {
+	min := uint8(1)
+	max := uint8(0)
+	var directions [2]bool
+	var minStep int32
+
+	directions[0] = stepsA > 0
+	directions[1] = stepsB > 0
+	if stepsA < 0 {
+		stepsA = -stepsA
+	}
+	if stepsB < 0 {
+		stepsB = -stepsB
+	}
+	if stepsB > stepsA {
+		stepsA, stepsB = stepsB, stepsA
+		max, min = min, max
+	}
+	d.devices[0].stepMotor(d.devices[0].stepNumber)
+	d.devices[1].stepMotor(d.devices[1].stepNumber)
+	stepsA += int32(d.devices[max].stepNumber)
+	minStep = int32(d.devices[min].stepNumber)
+	for s := int32(d.devices[max].stepNumber); s < stepsA; s++ {
+		time.Sleep(time.Duration(d.devices[0].stepDelay) * time.Microsecond)
+		d.devices[max].moveDirectionSteps(directions[max], s)
+
+		if ((s * stepsB) / stepsA) > minStep {
+			minStep++
+			d.devices[min].moveDirectionSteps(directions[min], minStep)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Off turns off all motor pins
+func (d *DualDevice) Off() {
+	d.devices[0].Off()
+	d.devices[1].Off()
 }
 
 // stepMotor changes the pins' state to the correct step
-func (d *Device) stepMotor(step int8) {
+func (d *Device) stepMotor(step uint8) {
 	switch step {
 	case 0:
 		d.pins[0].High()
@@ -77,4 +145,16 @@ func (d *Device) stepMotor(step int8) {
 		d.pins[3].High()
 		break
 	}
+	d.stepNumber = step
+}
+
+// moveDirectionSteps uses the direction to calculate the correct step and change the motor to it.
+// Direction true: 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 1, 2, ...
+// Direction false: 0, 3, 2, 1, 0, 3, 2, ...
+func (d *Device) moveDirectionSteps(direction bool, step int32) {
+	if direction {
+		d.stepMotor(uint8(step % 4))
+	} else {
+		d.stepMotor(uint8((step + 2*(step%2)) % 4))
+	}
 }

espat/espat.go

@@ -19,10 +19,13 @@
 package espat // import "tinygo.org/x/drivers/espat"
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"machine"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/net"
 )
 
 // Device wraps UART connection to the ESP8266/ESP32.
@@ -47,6 +50,7 @@ func New(b machine.UART) *Device {
 // Configure sets up the device for communication.
 func (d Device) Configure() {
 	ActiveDevice = &d
+	net.ActiveDevice = ActiveDevice
 }
 
 // Connected checks if there is communication with the ESP8266/ESP32.
@@ -54,11 +58,11 @@ func (d *Device) Connected() bool {
 	d.Execute(Test)
 
 	// handle response here, should include "OK"
-	r := d.Response(100)
-	if strings.Contains(string(r), "OK") {
-		return true
+	_, err := d.Response(100)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
 	}
-	return false
+	return true
 }
 
 // Write raw bytes to the UART.
@@ -72,7 +76,7 @@ func (d *Device) Read(b []byte) (n int, err error) {
 }
 
 // how long in milliseconds to pause after sending AT commands
-const pause = 100
+const pause = 300
 
 // Execute sends an AT command to the ESP8266/ESP32.
 func (d Device) Execute(cmd string) error {
@@ -97,7 +101,11 @@ func (d Device) Set(cmd, params string) error {
 // Version returns the ESP8266/ESP32 firmware version info.
 func (d Device) Version() []byte {
 	d.Execute(Version)
-	return d.Response(100)
+	r, err := d.Response(100)
+	if err != nil {
+		return []byte("unknown")
+	}
+	return r
 }
 
 // Echo sets the ESP8266/ESP32 echo setting.
@@ -122,7 +130,7 @@ func (d Device) Reset() {
 // ReadSocket returns the data that has already been read in from the responses.
 func (d *Device) ReadSocket(b []byte) (n int, err error) {
 	// make sure no data in buffer
-	d.Response(100)
+	d.Response(300)
 
 	count := len(b)
 	if len(b) >= len(d.socketdata) {
@@ -142,118 +150,73 @@ func (d *Device) ReadSocket(b []byte) (n int, err error) {
 
 // Response gets the next response bytes from the ESP8266/ESP32.
 // The call will retry for up to timeout milliseconds before returning nothing.
-func (d *Device) Response(timeout int) []byte {
-	var i int
-	pause := 10 // pause to wait for 10 ms
+func (d *Device) Response(timeout int) ([]byte, error) {
+	// read data
+	var size int
+	var start, end int
+	pause := 100 // pause to wait for 100 ms
 	retries := timeout / pause
 
-	header := make([]byte, 2)
 	for {
-		for d.bus.Buffered() > 0 {
-			// get the first 2 bytes
-			header[0], _ = d.bus.ReadByte()
-			header[1], _ = d.bus.ReadByte()
+		size = d.bus.Buffered()
 
-			if d.isLeadingCRLF(header) {
-				// skip it
-				header[0], _ = d.bus.ReadByte()
-				header[1], _ = d.bus.ReadByte()
+		if size > 0 {
+			end += size
+			d.bus.Read(d.response[start:end])
+
+			// if "+IPD" then read socket data
+			if strings.Contains(string(d.response[:end]), "+IPD") {
+				// handle socket data
+				return nil, d.parseIPD(end)
 			}
 
-			if d.isIPD(header) {
-				// is socket data packet
-				d.parseIPD()
-			} else {
-				// no, so put into response
-				d.response[i] = header[0]
-				i++
-				d.response[i] = header[1]
-				i++
+			// if "OK" then the command worked
+			if strings.Contains(string(d.response[:end]), "OK") {
+				return d.response[start:end], nil
 			}
 
-			// read the rest of normal command response
-			for d.bus.Buffered() > 0 {
-				data, err := d.bus.ReadByte()
-				if err != nil {
-					return nil
-				}
-				d.response[i] = data
-				i++
+			// if "Error" then the command failed
+			if strings.Contains(string(d.response[:end]), "ERROR") {
+				return d.response[start:end], errors.New("response error:" + string(d.response[start:end]))
 			}
+
+			// if anything else, then keep reading data in?
+			start = end
 		}
+
+		// wait longer?
 		retries--
 		if retries == 0 {
-			break
+			return nil, errors.New("response timeout error:" + string(d.response[start:end]))
 		}
 
-		// pause to make sure is no more data to be read
 		time.Sleep(time.Duration(pause) * time.Millisecond)
 	}
-	return d.response[:i]
 }
 
-func (d *Device) isLeadingCRLF(b []byte) bool {
-	if len(b) < 2 {
-		return false
-	}
-	if b[0] == 13 && b[1] == 10 {
-		return true
-	}
-	return false
-}
+func (d *Device) parseIPD(end int) error {
+	// find the "+IPD," to get length
+	s := strings.Index(string(d.response[:end]), "+IPD,")
 
-func (d *Device) isIPD(b []byte) bool {
-	if len(b) < 2 {
-		return false
-	}
-	if b[0] == '+' && b[1] == 'I' {
-		return true
-	}
-	return false
-}
+	// find the ":"
+	e := strings.Index(string(d.response[:end]), ":")
 
-func (d *Device) parseIPD() bool {
-	data, _ := d.bus.ReadByte()
-	if data != 'P' {
-		// error
-		return false
-	}
-	data, _ = d.bus.ReadByte()
-	if data != 'D' {
-		// error
-		return false
-	}
-	data, _ = d.bus.ReadByte()
-	if data != ',' {
-		// error
-		return false
-	}
+	// find the data length
+	val := string(d.response[s+5 : e])
 
-	// get the expected data length
-	// skip remaining header up to the ":"
-	buf := []byte{}
-	data, _ = d.bus.ReadByte()
-	for data != ':' {
-		// put into the buffer with int value here
-		buf = append(buf, data)
-
-		// read next value
-		data, _ = d.bus.ReadByte()
-	}
-
-	val := string(buf)
-	count, err := strconv.Atoi(val)
+	// TODO: verify count
+	_, err := strconv.Atoi(val)
 	if err != nil {
 		// not expected data here. what to do?
-		return false
+		return err
 	}
 
 	// load up the socket data
-	// only read the expected amount of data
-	for m := 0; m < count; m++ {
-		data, _ = d.bus.ReadByte()
-		d.socketdata = append(d.socketdata, data)
-	}
-
-	return true
+	d.socketdata = append(d.socketdata, d.response[e+1:end]...)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// IsSocketDataAvailable returns of there is socket data available
+func (d *Device) IsSocketDataAvailable() bool {
+	return len(d.socketdata) > 0 || d.bus.Buffered() > 0
 }

espat/tcp.go

@@ -17,7 +17,14 @@ const (
 // GetDNS returns the IP address for a domain name.
 func (d *Device) GetDNS(domain string) (string, error) {
 	d.Set(TCPDNSLookup, "\""+domain+"\"")
-	r := strings.Split(string(d.Response(1000)), ":")
+	resp, err := d.Response(1000)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(string(resp), ":") {
+		return "", errors.New("GetDNS error:" + string(resp))
+	}
+	r := strings.Split(string(resp), ":")
 	if len(r) != 2 {
 		return "", errors.New("Invalid domain lookup result")
 	}
@@ -30,24 +37,30 @@ func (d *Device) GetDNS(domain string) (string, error) {
 func (d *Device) ConnectTCPSocket(addr, port string) error {
 	protocol := "TCP"
 	val := "\"" + protocol + "\",\"" + addr + "\"," + port + ",120"
-	d.Set(TCPConnect, val)
-	r := d.Response(1000)
-	if strings.Contains(string(r), "OK") {
-		return nil
+	err := d.Set(TCPConnect, val)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
-	return errors.New("ConnectTCPSocket error:" + string(r))
+	_, e := d.Response(3000)
+	if e != nil {
+		return e
+	}
+	return nil
 }
 
 // ConnectUDPSocket creates a new UDP connection for the ESP8266/ESP32.
 func (d *Device) ConnectUDPSocket(addr, sendport, listenport string) error {
 	protocol := "UDP"
 	val := "\"" + protocol + "\",\"" + addr + "\"," + sendport + "," + listenport + ",2"
-	d.Set(TCPConnect, val)
-	r := d.Response(pause)
-	if strings.Contains(string(r), "OK") {
-		return nil
+	err := d.Set(TCPConnect, val)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
-	return errors.New("ConnectUDPSocket error:" + string(r))
+	_, e := d.Response(3000)
+	if e != nil {
+		return e
+	}
+	return nil
 }
 
 // ConnectSSLSocket creates a new SSL socket connection for the ESP8266/ESP32.
@@ -57,17 +70,23 @@ func (d *Device) ConnectSSLSocket(addr, port string) error {
 	val := "\"" + protocol + "\",\"" + addr + "\"," + port + ",120"
 	d.Set(TCPConnect, val)
 	// this operation takes longer, so wait up to 6 seconds to complete.
-	r := d.Response(6000)
-	if strings.Contains(string(r), "CONNECT") {
-		return nil
+	_, err := d.Response(6000)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
-	return errors.New("ConnectSSLSocket error:" + string(r))
+	return nil
 }
 
 // DisconnectSocket disconnects the ESP8266/ESP32 from the current TCP/UDP connection.
 func (d *Device) DisconnectSocket() error {
-	d.Execute(TCPClose)
-	d.Response(pause)
+	err := d.Execute(TCPClose)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	_, e := d.Response(pause)
+	if e != nil {
+		return e
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -76,14 +95,14 @@ func (d *Device) DisconnectSocket() error {
 func (d *Device) SetMux(mode int) error {
 	val := strconv.Itoa(mode)
 	d.Set(TCPMultiple, val)
-	d.Response(pause)
-	return nil
+	_, err := d.Response(pause)
+	return err
 }
 
 // GetMux returns the ESP8266/ESP32 current client TCP/UDP configuration for concurrent connections.
 func (d *Device) GetMux() ([]byte, error) {
 	d.Query(TCPMultiple)
-	return d.Response(pause), nil
+	return d.Response(pause)
 }
 
 // SetTCPTransferMode sets the ESP8266/ESP32 current client TCP/UDP transfer mode.
@@ -91,12 +110,12 @@ func (d *Device) GetMux() ([]byte, error) {
 func (d *Device) SetTCPTransferMode(mode int) error {
 	val := strconv.Itoa(mode)
 	d.Set(TransmissionMode, val)
-	d.Response(pause)
-	return nil
+	_, err := d.Response(pause)
+	return err
 }
 
 // GetTCPTransferMode returns the ESP8266/ESP32 current client TCP/UDP transfer mode.
-func (d *Device) GetTCPTransferMode() []byte {
+func (d *Device) GetTCPTransferMode() ([]byte, error) {
 	d.Query(TransmissionMode)
 	return d.Response(pause)
 }
@@ -108,7 +127,10 @@ func (d *Device) StartSocketSend(size int) error {
 
 	// when ">" is received, it indicates
 	// ready to receive data
-	r := d.Response(pause)
+	r, err := d.Response(2000)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
 	if strings.Contains(string(r), ">") {
 		return nil
 	}
@@ -120,6 +142,6 @@ func (d *Device) StartSocketSend(size int) error {
 func (d *Device) EndSocketSend() error {
 	d.Write([]byte("+++"))
 
-	d.Response(pause)
-	return nil
+	_, err := d.Response(pause)
+	return err
 }

espat/wifi.go

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ const (
 )
 
 // GetWifiMode returns the ESP8266/ESP32 wifi mode.
-func (d *Device) GetWifiMode() []byte {
+func (d *Device) GetWifiMode() ([]byte, error) {
 	d.Query(WifiMode)
 	return d.Response(100)
 }
@@ -25,14 +25,14 @@ func (d *Device) GetWifiMode() []byte {
 func (d *Device) SetWifiMode(mode int) error {
 	val := strconv.Itoa(mode)
 	d.Set(WifiMode, val)
-	d.Response(pause)
-	return nil
+	_, err := d.Response(pause)
+	return err
 }
 
 // Wifi Client
 
 // GetConnectedAP returns the ESP8266/ESP32 is currently connected to as a client.
-func (d *Device) GetConnectedAP() []byte {
+func (d *Device) GetConnectedAP() ([]byte, error) {
 	d.Query(ConnectAP)
 	return d.Response(100)
 }
@@ -42,37 +42,43 @@ func (d *Device) GetConnectedAP() []byte {
 func (d *Device) ConnectToAP(ssid, pwd string, ws int) error {
 	val := "\"" + ssid + "\",\"" + pwd + "\""
 	d.Set(ConnectAP, val)
-	d.Response(ws * 1000)
+
+	_, err := d.Response(ws * 1000)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 
 // DisconnectFromAP disconnects the ESP8266/ESP32 from the current access point.
 func (d *Device) DisconnectFromAP() error {
 	d.Execute(Disconnect)
-	d.Response(1000)
-	return nil
+	_, err := d.Response(1000)
+	return err
 }
 
 // GetClientIP returns the ESP8266/ESP32 current client IP addess when connected to an Access Point.
-func (d *Device) GetClientIP() string {
+func (d *Device) GetClientIP() (string, error) {
 	d.Query(SetStationIP)
-	return string(d.Response(100))
+	r, err := d.Response(1000)
+	return string(r), err
 }
 
 // SetClientIP sets the ESP8266/ESP32 current client IP addess when connected to an Access Point.
-func (d *Device) SetClientIP(ipaddr string) []byte {
+func (d *Device) SetClientIP(ipaddr string) error {
 	val := "\"" + ipaddr + "\""
 	d.Set(ConnectAP, val)
-	d.Response(500)
-	return nil
+	_, err := d.Response(500)
+	return err
 }
 
 // Access Point
 
 // GetAPConfig returns the ESP8266/ESP32 current configuration when acting as an Access Point.
-func (d *Device) GetAPConfig() string {
+func (d *Device) GetAPConfig() (string, error) {
 	d.Query(SoftAPConfigCurrent)
-	return string(d.Response(100))
+	r, err := d.Response(100)
+	return string(r), err
 }
 
 // SetAPConfig sets the ESP8266/ESP32 current configuration when acting as an Access Point.
@@ -83,35 +89,38 @@ func (d *Device) SetAPConfig(ssid, pwd string, ch, security int) error {
 	ecnval := strconv.Itoa(security)
 	val := "\"" + ssid + "\",\"" + pwd + "\"," + chval + "," + ecnval
 	d.Set(SoftAPConfigCurrent, val)
-	d.Response(1000)
-	return nil
+	_, err := d.Response(1000)
+	return err
 }
 
 // GetAPClients returns the ESP8266/ESP32 current clients when acting as an Access Point.
-func (d *Device) GetAPClients() string {
+func (d *Device) GetAPClients() (string, error) {
 	d.Query(ListConnectedIP)
-	return string(d.Response(100))
+	r, err := d.Response(100)
+	return string(r), err
 }
 
 // GetAPIP returns the ESP8266/ESP32 current IP addess when configured as an Access Point.
-func (d *Device) GetAPIP() string {
+func (d *Device) GetAPIP() (string, error) {
 	d.Query(SetSoftAPIPCurrent)
-	return string(d.Response(100))
+	r, err := d.Response(100)
+	return string(r), err
 }
 
 // SetAPIP sets the ESP8266/ESP32 current IP addess when configured as an Access Point.
 func (d *Device) SetAPIP(ipaddr string) error {
 	val := "\"" + ipaddr + "\""
 	d.Set(SetSoftAPIPCurrent, val)
-	d.Response(500)
-	return nil
+	_, err := d.Response(500)
+	return err
 }
 
 // GetAPConfigFlash returns the ESP8266/ESP32 current configuration acting as an Access Point
 // from flash storage. These settings are those used after a reset.
-func (d *Device) GetAPConfigFlash() string {
+func (d *Device) GetAPConfigFlash() (string, error) {
 	d.Query(SoftAPConfigFlash)
-	return string(d.Response(100))
+	r, err := d.Response(100)
+	return string(r), err
 }
 
 // SetAPConfigFlash sets the ESP8266/ESP32 current configuration acting as an Access Point,
@@ -123,15 +132,16 @@ func (d *Device) SetAPConfigFlash(ssid, pwd string, ch, security int) error {
 	ecnval := strconv.Itoa(security)
 	val := "\"" + ssid + "\",\"" + pwd + "\"," + chval + "," + ecnval
 	d.Set(SoftAPConfigFlash, val)
-	d.Response(1000)
-	return nil
+	_, err := d.Response(1000)
+	return err
 }
 
 // GetAPIPFlash returns the ESP8266/ESP32 IP address as saved to flash storage.
 // This is the IP address that will be used after a reset.
-func (d *Device) GetAPIPFlash() string {
+func (d *Device) GetAPIPFlash() (string, error) {
 	d.Query(SetSoftAPIPFlash)
-	return string(d.Response(100))
+	r, err := d.Response(100)
+	return string(r), err
 }
 
 // SetAPIPFlash sets the ESP8266/ESP32 current IP addess when configured as an Access Point.
@@ -139,6 +149,6 @@ func (d *Device) GetAPIPFlash() string {
 func (d *Device) SetAPIPFlash(ipaddr string) error {
 	val := "\"" + ipaddr + "\""
 	d.Set(SetSoftAPIPFlash, val)
-	d.Response(500)
-	return nil
+	_, err := d.Response(500)
+	return err
 }

examples/adt7410/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"machine"
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/adt7410"
+)
+
+var (
+	i2c    = &machine.I2C0
+	sensor = adt7410.New(i2c)
+)
+
+func main() {
+
+	i2c.Configure(machine.I2CConfig{Frequency: machine.TWI_FREQ_400KHZ})
+	sensor.Configure()
+
+	for {
+		temp := sensor.ReadTempF()
+		fmt.Printf("temperature: %f\r\n", temp)
+		time.Sleep(time.Second)
+	}
+
+}

examples/amg88xx/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"image/color"
+	"machine"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/st7735"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/amg88xx"
+)
+
+func main() {
+
+	machine.SPI1.Configure(machine.SPIConfig{
+		SCK:       machine.SPI1_SCK_PIN,
+		SDO:       machine.SPI1_SDO_PIN,
+		SDI:       machine.SPI1_SDI_PIN,
+		Frequency: 8000000,
+	})
+	machine.I2C0.Configure(machine.I2CConfig{SCL: machine.SCL_PIN, SDA: machine.SDA_PIN})
+
+	display := st7735.New(machine.SPI1, machine.TFT_RST, machine.TFT_DC, machine.TFT_CS, machine.TFT_LITE)
+	display.Configure(st7735.Config{
+		Rotation: st7735.ROTATION_90,
+	})
+	display.FillScreen(color.RGBA{0, 0, 0, 255})
+
+	camera := amg88xx.New(machine.I2C0)
+	camera.Configure(amg88xx.Config{})
+
+	var data [64]int16
+	var value int16
+	for {
+		// get the values of the sensor in millicelsius
+		camera.ReadPixels(&data)
+
+		for j := int16(0); j < 8; j++ {
+			for i := int16(0); i < 8; i++ {
+				value = data[63-(i+j*8)]
+				// treat anything below 18°C as 18°C
+				if value < 18000 {
+					value = 0
+				} else {
+					value = (value - 18000) / 36
+					// our color array only have 433 values, avoid getting a value that doesn't exist
+					if value > 432 {
+						value = 432
+					}
+				}
+				// show the image on the PyBadge's display
+				display.FillRectangle(16+i*16, j*16, 16, 16, colors[value])
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+}

examples/apa102/itsybitsy-m0/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+// This example demostrates how to control the "Dotstar" (APA102) LED included
+// on the Adafruit Itsy Bitsy M0 board.  It implements a "rainbow effect" based
+// on the following example:
+// https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Learning_System_Guides/blob/master/CircuitPython_Essentials/CircuitPython_Internal_RGB_LED_rainbow.py
+package main
+
+import (
+	"image/color"
+	"machine"
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/apa102"
+)
+
+var (
+	apa apa102.Device
+
+	led   = machine.PWM{machine.LED}
+	leds  = make([]color.RGBA, 1)
+	wheel = &Wheel{Brightness: 0x10}
+)
+
+func init() {
+
+	// APA102 on Itsy Bitsy is connected to pins that require a software-based
+	// SPI implementation.
+	apa = apa102.NewSoftwareSPI(machine.PA00, machine.PA01, 1)
+
+	// Configure the regular on-board LED for PWM fading
+	machine.InitPWM()
+	led.Configure()
+
+}
+
+func main() {
+
+	// We'll fade the on-board LED in a goroutine to show/ensure that the APA102
+	// works fine with the scheduler enabled.  Comment this out to test this code
+	// with the scheduler disabled.
+	go func() {
+		for i, brightening := uint8(0), false; ; i++ {
+			if i == 0 {
+				brightening = !brightening
+				continue
+			}
+			var brightness uint16 = uint16(i) << 8
+			if !brightening {
+				brightness = 0xFFFF - brightness
+			}
+			led.Set(brightness)
+			time.Sleep(5 * time.Millisecond)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	// Use the "wheel" function from Adafruit's example to cycle the APA102
+	for {
+		leds[0] = wheel.Next()
+		apa.WriteColors(leds)
+		time.Sleep(25 * time.Millisecond)
+	}
+
+}
+
+// Wheel is a port of Adafruit's Circuit Python example referenced above.
+type Wheel struct {
+	Brightness uint8
+	pos        uint8
+}
+
+// Next increments the internal state of the color and returns the new RGBA
+func (w *Wheel) Next() (c color.RGBA) {
+	pos := w.pos
+	if w.pos < 85 {
+		c = color.RGBA{R: 0xFF - pos*3, G: pos * 3, B: 0x0, A: w.Brightness}
+	} else if w.pos < 170 {
+		pos -= 85
+		c = color.RGBA{R: 0x0, G: 0xFF - pos*3, B: pos * 3, A: w.Brightness}
+	} else {
+		pos -= 170
+		c = color.RGBA{R: pos * 3, G: 0x0, B: 0xFF - pos*3, A: w.Brightness}
+	}
+	w.pos++
+	return
+}

examples/bme280/main.go

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ func main() {
 
 	for {
 		temp, _ := sensor.ReadTemperature()
-		println("Temperature:", strconv.FormatFloat(float64(temp)/1000, 'f', 2, 64), "ºC")
+		println("Temperature:", strconv.FormatFloat(float64(temp)/1000, 'f', 2, 64), "°C")
 		press, _ := sensor.ReadPressure()
 		println("Pressure:", strconv.FormatFloat(float64(press)/100000, 'f', 2, 64), "hPa")
 		hum, _ := sensor.ReadHumidity()

examples/bmi160/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"machine"
+	"time"
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/bmi160"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	time.Sleep(5 * time.Second)
+
+	machine.SPI0.Configure(machine.SPIConfig{})
+	sensor := bmi160.NewSPI(machine.A5, machine.SPI0)
+	sensor.Configure()
+
+	if !sensor.Connected() {
+		println("BMI160 not connected")
+		return
+	}
+
+	for {
+		time.Sleep(time.Second)
+
+		t, err := sensor.ReadTemperature()
+		if err != nil {
+			println("Error reading temperature", err)
+			continue
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("Temperature: %.2f °C\n", float32(t)/1000)
+
+		accelX, accelY, accelZ, err := sensor.ReadAcceleration()
+		if err != nil {
+			println("Error reading acceleration", err)
+			continue
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("Acceleration: %.2fg %.2fg %.2fg\n", float32(accelX)/1e6, float32(accelY)/1e6, float32(accelZ)/1e6)
+
+		gyroX, gyroY, gyroZ, err := sensor.ReadRotation()
+		if err != nil {
+			println("Error reading rotation", err)
+			continue
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("Rotation: %.2f°/s %.2f°/s %.2f°/s\n", float32(gyroX)/1e6, float32(gyroY)/1e6, float32(gyroZ)/1e6)
+	}
+}

examples/bmp180/main.go

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ func main() {
 
 	for {
 		temp, _ := sensor.ReadTemperature()
-		println("Temperature:", float32(temp)/1000, "ºC")
+		println("Temperature:", float32(temp)/1000, "°C")
 
 		pressure, _ := sensor.ReadPressure()
 		println("Pressure", float32(pressure)/100000, "hPa")

examples/bmp280/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"machine"
+	"time"
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/bmp280"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	time.Sleep(5 * time.Second)
+
+	machine.I2C0.Configure(machine.I2CConfig{})
+	sensor := bmp280.New(machine.I2C0)
+	sensor.Configure(bmp280.STANDBY_125MS, bmp280.FILTER_4X, bmp280.SAMPLING_16X, bmp280.SAMPLING_16X, bmp280.MODE_FORCED)
+
+	connected := sensor.Connected()
+	if !connected {
+		println("\nBMP280 Sensor not detected\n")
+		return
+	}
+	println("\nBMP280 Sensor detected\n")
+
+	println("Calibration:")
+	sensor.PrintCali()
+
+	for {
+		t, err := sensor.ReadTemperature()
+		if err != nil {
+			println("Error reading temperature")
+		}
+		// Temperature in degrees Celsius
+		fmt.Printf("Temperature: %.2f °C\n", float32(t)/1000)
+
+		p, err := sensor.ReadPressure()
+		if err != nil {
+			println("Error reading pressure")
+		}
+		// Pressure in hectoPascal
+		fmt.Printf("Pressure: %.2f hPa\n", float32(p)/100000)
+
+		time.Sleep(5 * time.Second)
+	}
+}

examples/ds1307/time/main.go

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ func main() {
 	rtc.SetTime(time.Date(2019, 5, 15, 20, 34, 12, 0, time.UTC))
 
 	for {
-		t, err := rtc.Time()
+		t, err := rtc.ReadTime()
 		if err != nil {
 			println("Error reading date:", err)
 			break

examples/ds3231/main.go

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ func main() {
 			fmt.Printf("Date: %d/%s/%02d %02d:%02d:%02d \r\n", dt.Year(), dt.Month(), dt.Day(), dt.Hour(), dt.Minute(), dt.Second())
 		}
 		temp, _ := rtc.ReadTemperature()
-		fmt.Printf("Temperature: %.2f ºC \r\n", float32(temp)/1000)
+		fmt.Printf("Temperature: %.2f °C \r\n", float32(temp)/1000)
 
 		time.Sleep(time.Second * 1)
 	}

examples/easystepper/main.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 
 func main() {
 	motor := easystepper.New(machine.P13, machine.P15, machine.P14, machine.P16, 200, 75)
+	motor.Configure()
 
 	for {
 		println("CLOCKWISE")

examples/espat/espconsole/main.go

@@ -23,11 +23,12 @@ const actAsAP = false
 const ssid = "YOURSSID"
 const pass = "YOURPASS"
 
+// these are the default pins for the Arduino Nano33 IoT.
 // change these to connect to a different UART or pins for the ESP8266/ESP32
 var (
 	uart = machine.UART1
-	tx   = machine.D10
-	rx   = machine.D11
+	tx   = machine.PA22
+	rx   = machine.PA23
 
 	console = machine.UART0
 
@@ -42,28 +43,20 @@ func main() {
 	adaptor.Configure()
 
 	// first check if connected
-	if adaptor.Connected() {
+	if connectToESP() {
+		println("Connected to wifi adaptor.")
 		adaptor.Echo(false)
-		console.Write([]byte("\r\n"))
-		console.Write([]byte("ESP-AT console enabled.\r\n"))
-		console.Write([]byte("Firmware version:\r\n"))
-		console.Write(adaptor.Version())
-		console.Write([]byte("\r\n"))
 
-		if actAsAP {
-			provideAP()
-		} else {
-			connectToAP()
-		}
-
-		console.Write([]byte("Type an AT command then press enter:\r\n"))
-		prompt()
+		connectToAP()
 	} else {
-		console.Write([]byte("\r\n"))
-		console.Write([]byte("Unable to connect to wifi adaptor.\r\n"))
+		println("")
+		failMessage("Unable to connect to wifi adaptor.")
 		return
 	}
 
+	println("Type an AT command then press enter:")
+	prompt()
+
 	input := make([]byte, 64)
 	i := 0
 	for {
@@ -81,7 +74,8 @@ func main() {
 				adaptor.Write(input[:i+2])
 
 				// display response
-				console.Write(adaptor.Response(100))
+				r, _ := adaptor.Response(500)
+				console.Write(r)
 
 				// prompt
 				prompt()
@@ -100,28 +94,50 @@ func main() {
 }
 
 func prompt() {
-	console.Write([]byte("ESPAT>"))
+	print("ESPAT>")
+}
+
+// connect to ESP8266/ESP32
+func connectToESP() bool {
+	for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
+		println("Connecting to wifi adaptor...")
+		if adaptor.Connected() {
+			return true
+		}
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+	}
+	return false
 }
 
 // connect to access point
 func connectToAP() {
-	console.Write([]byte("Connecting to wifi network...\r\n"))
+	println("Connecting to wifi network '" + ssid + "'")
+
 	adaptor.SetWifiMode(espat.WifiModeClient)
 	adaptor.ConnectToAP(ssid, pass, 10)
-	console.Write([]byte("Connected.\r\n"))
-	console.Write([]byte(adaptor.GetClientIP()))
-	console.Write([]byte("\r\n"))
+
+	println("Connected.")
+	ip, err := adaptor.GetClientIP()
+	if err != nil {
+		failMessage(err.Error())
+	}
+
+	println(ip)
 }
 
 // provide access point
 func provideAP() {
-	time.Sleep(500 * time.Millisecond)
-	console.Write([]byte("Starting wifi network as access point '"))
-	console.Write([]byte(ssid))
-	console.Write([]byte("'...\r\n"))
+	println("Starting wifi network as access point '" + ssid + "'...")
 	adaptor.SetWifiMode(espat.WifiModeAP)
 	adaptor.SetAPConfig(ssid, pass, 7, espat.WifiAPSecurityWPA2_PSK)
-	console.Write([]byte("Ready.\r\n"))
-	console.Write([]byte(adaptor.GetAPIP()))
-	console.Write([]byte("\r\n"))
+	println("Ready.")
+	ip, _ := adaptor.GetAPIP()
+	println(ip)
+}
+
+func failMessage(msg string) {
+	for {
+		println(msg)
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+	}
 }

examples/espat/esphub/main.go

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/espat"
-	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/espat/net"
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/net"
 )
 
 // change actAsAP to true to act as an access point instead of connecting to one.
@@ -21,11 +21,12 @@ const actAsAP = false
 const ssid = "YOURSSID"
 const pass = "YOURPASS"
 
+// these are the default pins for the Arduino Nano33 IoT.
 // change these to connect to a different UART or pins for the ESP8266/ESP32
 var (
 	uart = machine.UART1
-	tx   = machine.D10
-	rx   = machine.D11
+	tx   = machine.PA22
+	rx   = machine.PA23
 
 	adaptor *espat.Device
 )
@@ -42,17 +43,14 @@ func main() {
 	readyled.High()
 
 	// first check if connected
-	if adaptor.Connected() {
+	if connectToESP() {
 		println("Connected to wifi adaptor.")
 		adaptor.Echo(false)
 
-		if actAsAP {
-			provideAP()
-		} else {
-			connectToAP()
-		}
+		connectToAP()
 	} else {
-		println("Unable to connect to wifi adaptor.")
+		println("")
+		failMessage("Unable to connect to wifi adaptor.")
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -85,21 +83,47 @@ func main() {
 	println("Done.")
 }
 
+// connect to ESP8266/ESP32
+func connectToESP() bool {
+	for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
+		println("Connecting to wifi adaptor...")
+		if adaptor.Connected() {
+			return true
+		}
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
 // connect to access point
 func connectToAP() {
-	println("Connecting to wifi network...")
+	println("Connecting to wifi network '" + ssid + "'")
+
 	adaptor.SetWifiMode(espat.WifiModeClient)
 	adaptor.ConnectToAP(ssid, pass, 10)
+
 	println("Connected.")
-	println(adaptor.GetClientIP())
+	ip, err := adaptor.GetClientIP()
+	if err != nil {
+		failMessage(err.Error())
+	}
+
+	println(ip)
 }
 
 // provide access point
 func provideAP() {
-	println("Starting wifi network as access point:")
-	println(ssid)
+	println("Starting wifi network as access point '" + ssid + "'...")
 	adaptor.SetWifiMode(espat.WifiModeAP)
 	adaptor.SetAPConfig(ssid, pass, 7, espat.WifiAPSecurityWPA2_PSK)
 	println("Ready.")
-	println(adaptor.GetAPIP())
+	ip, _ := adaptor.GetAPIP()
+	println(ip)
+}
+
+func failMessage(msg string) {
+	for {
+		println(msg)
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+	}
 }

examples/espat/espstation/main.go

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/espat"
-	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/espat/net"
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/net"
 )
 
 // access point info
@@ -21,11 +21,12 @@ const pass = "YOURPASS"
 // IP address of the listener aka "hub". Replace with your own info.
 const hubIP = "0.0.0.0"
 
+// these are the default pins for the Arduino Nano33 IoT.
 // change these to connect to a different UART or pins for the ESP8266/ESP32
 var (
 	uart = machine.UART1
-	tx   = machine.D10
-	rx   = machine.D11
+	tx   = machine.PA22
+	rx   = machine.PA23
 
 	adaptor *espat.Device
 )
@@ -38,13 +39,14 @@ func main() {
 	adaptor.Configure()
 
 	// first check if connected
-	if adaptor.Connected() {
+	if connectToESP() {
 		println("Connected to wifi adaptor.")
 		adaptor.Echo(false)
 
 		connectToAP()
 	} else {
-		println("Unable to connect to wifi adaptor.")
+		println("")
+		failMessage("Unable to connect to wifi adaptor.")
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -70,11 +72,37 @@ func main() {
 	println("Done.")
 }
 
+// connect to ESP8266/ESP32
+func connectToESP() bool {
+	for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
+		println("Connecting to wifi adaptor...")
+		if adaptor.Connected() {
+			return true
+		}
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
 // connect to access point
 func connectToAP() {
-	println("Connecting to wifi network...")
+	println("Connecting to wifi network '" + ssid + "'")
+
 	adaptor.SetWifiMode(espat.WifiModeClient)
 	adaptor.ConnectToAP(ssid, pass, 10)
+
 	println("Connected.")
-	println(adaptor.GetClientIP())
+	ip, err := adaptor.GetClientIP()
+	if err != nil {
+		failMessage(err.Error())
+	}
+
+	println(ip)
+}
+
+func failMessage(msg string) {
+	for {
+		println(msg)
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+	}
 }

examples/espat/mqttclient/main.go

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/espat"
-	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/espat/mqtt"
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/net/mqtt"
 )
 
 // access point info
@@ -25,14 +25,16 @@ const ssid = "YOURSSID"
 const pass = "YOURPASS"
 
 // IP address of the MQTT broker to use. Replace with your own info.
-//const server = "tcp://test.mosquitto.org:1883"
-const server = "ssl://test.mosquitto.org:8883"
+const server = "tcp://test.mosquitto.org:1883"
 
+//const server = "ssl://test.mosquitto.org:8883"
+
+// these are the default pins for the Arduino Nano33 IoT.
 // change these to connect to a different UART or pins for the ESP8266/ESP32
 var (
-	uart = machine.UART1
-	tx   = machine.D10
-	rx   = machine.D11
+	uart = machine.UART2
+	tx   = machine.PA22
+	rx   = machine.PA23
 
 	console = machine.UART0
 
@@ -62,10 +64,10 @@ func main() {
 		return
 	}
 
-	opts := mqtt.NewClientOptions(adaptor)
+	opts := mqtt.NewClientOptions()
 	opts.AddBroker(server).SetClientID("tinygo-client-" + randomString(10))
 
-	println("Connectng to MQTT...")
+	println("Connecting to MQTT broker at", server)
 	cl := mqtt.NewClient(opts)
 	if token := cl.Connect(); token.Wait() && token.Error() != nil {
 		failMessage(token.Error().Error())
@@ -104,13 +106,18 @@ func connectToESP() bool {
 
 // connect to access point
 func connectToAP() {
-	println("Connecting to wifi network...")
+	println("Connecting to wifi network '" + ssid + "'")
 
 	adaptor.SetWifiMode(espat.WifiModeClient)
 	adaptor.ConnectToAP(ssid, pass, 10)
 
 	println("Connected.")
-	println(adaptor.GetClientIP())
+	ip, err := adaptor.GetClientIP()
+	if err != nil {
+		failMessage(err.Error())
+	}
+
+	println(ip)
 }
 
 // Returns an int >= min, < max

examples/espat/mqttsub/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+// This is a sensor station that uses a ESP8266 or ESP32 running on the device UART1.
+// It creates an MQTT connection that publishes a message every second
+// to an MQTT broker.
+//
+// In other words:
+// Your computer <--> UART0 <--> MCU <--> UART1 <--> ESP8266 <--> Internet <--> MQTT broker.
+//
+// You must also install the Paho MQTT package to build this program:
+//
+// 		go get -u github.com/eclipse/paho.mqtt.golang
+//
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"machine"
+	"math/rand"
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/espat"
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/net/mqtt"
+)
+
+// access point info
+const ssid = "YOURSSID"
+const pass = "YOURPASS"
+
+// IP address of the MQTT broker to use. Replace with your own info.
+//const server = "tcp://test.mosquitto.org:1883"
+
+const server = "ssl://test.mosquitto.org:8883"
+
+// change these to connect to a different UART or pins for the ESP8266/ESP32
+var (
+	// these are defaults for the Arduino Nano33 IoT.
+	uart = machine.UART1
+	tx   = machine.PA22
+	rx   = machine.PA23
+
+	console = machine.UART0
+
+	adaptor *espat.Device
+	cl      mqtt.Client
+	topicTx = "tinygo/tx"
+	topicRx = "tinygo/rx"
+)
+
+func subHandler(client mqtt.Client, msg mqtt.Message) {
+	fmt.Printf("[%s]  ", msg.Topic())
+	fmt.Printf("%s\r\n", msg.Payload())
+}
+
+func main() {
+	time.Sleep(3000 * time.Millisecond)
+
+	uart.Configure(machine.UARTConfig{TX: tx, RX: rx})
+	rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
+
+	// Init esp8266/esp32
+	adaptor = espat.New(uart)
+	adaptor.Configure()
+
+	// first check if connected
+	if connectToESP() {
+		println("Connected to wifi adaptor.")
+		adaptor.Echo(false)
+
+		connectToAP()
+	} else {
+		println("")
+		failMessage("Unable to connect to wifi adaptor.")
+		return
+	}
+
+	opts := mqtt.NewClientOptions()
+	opts.AddBroker(server).SetClientID("tinygo-client-" + randomString(10))
+
+	println("Connecting to MQTT broker at", server)
+	cl = mqtt.NewClient(opts)
+	if token := cl.Connect(); token.Wait() && token.Error() != nil {
+		failMessage(token.Error().Error())
+	}
+
+	// subscribe
+	token := cl.Subscribe(topicRx, 0, subHandler)
+	token.Wait()
+	if token.Error() != nil {
+		failMessage(token.Error().Error())
+	}
+
+	go publishing()
+
+	select {}
+
+	// Right now this code is never reached. Need a way to trigger it...
+	println("Disconnecting MQTT...")
+	cl.Disconnect(100)
+
+	println("Done.")
+}
+
+func publishing() {
+	for {
+		println("Publishing MQTT message...")
+		data := []byte("{\"e\":[{ \"n\":\"hello\", \"v\":101 }]}")
+		token := cl.Publish(topicTx, 0, false, data)
+		token.Wait()
+		if token.Error() != nil {
+			println(token.Error().Error())
+		}
+
+		time.Sleep(1000 * time.Millisecond)
+	}
+}
+
+// connect to ESP8266/ESP32
+func connectToESP() bool {
+	for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
+		println("Connecting to wifi adaptor...")
+		if adaptor.Connected() {
+			return true
+		}
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// connect to access point
+func connectToAP() {
+	println("Connecting to wifi network '" + ssid + "'")
+
+	adaptor.SetWifiMode(espat.WifiModeClient)
+	adaptor.ConnectToAP(ssid, pass, 10)
+
+	println("Connected.")
+	ip, err := adaptor.GetClientIP()
+	if err != nil {
+		failMessage(err.Error())
+	}
+
+	println(ip)
+}
+
+// Returns an int >= min, < max
+func randomInt(min, max int) int {
+	return min + rand.Intn(max-min)
+}
+
+// Generate a random string of A-Z chars with len = l
+func randomString(len int) string {
+	bytes := make([]byte, len)
+	for i := 0; i < len; i++ {
+		bytes[i] = byte(randomInt(65, 90))
+	}
+	return string(bytes)
+}
+
+func failMessage(msg string) {
+	for {
+		println(msg)
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+	}
+}

examples/espat/tcpclient/main.go

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/espat"
-	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/espat/net"
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/net"
 )
 
 // access point info
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ const pass = "YOURPASS"
 // IP address of the server aka "hub". Replace with your own info.
 const serverIP = "0.0.0.0"
 
+// these are the default pins for the Arduino Nano33 IoT.
 // change these to connect to a different UART or pins for the ESP8266/ESP32
 var (
 	uart = machine.UART1
@@ -38,13 +39,14 @@ func main() {
 	adaptor.Configure()
 
 	// first check if connected
-	if adaptor.Connected() {
+	if connectToESP() {
 		println("Connected to wifi adaptor.")
 		adaptor.Echo(false)
 
 		connectToAP()
 	} else {
-		println("Unable to connect to wifi adaptor.")
+		println("")
+		failMessage("Unable to connect to wifi adaptor.")
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -54,7 +56,10 @@ func main() {
 	laddr := &net.TCPAddr{Port: 8080}
 
 	println("Dialing TCP connection...")
-	conn, _ := net.DialTCP("tcp", laddr, raddr)
+	conn, err := net.DialTCP("tcp", laddr, raddr)
+	if err != nil {
+		failMessage(err.Error())
+	}
 
 	for {
 		// send data
@@ -70,11 +75,37 @@ func main() {
 	println("Done.")
 }
 
+// connect to ESP8266/ESP32
+func connectToESP() bool {
+	for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
+		println("Connecting to wifi adaptor...")
+		if adaptor.Connected() {
+			return true
+		}
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
 // connect to access point
 func connectToAP() {
-	println("Connecting to wifi network...")
+	println("Connecting to wifi network '" + ssid + "'")
+
 	adaptor.SetWifiMode(espat.WifiModeClient)
 	adaptor.ConnectToAP(ssid, pass, 10)
+
 	println("Connected.")
-	println(adaptor.GetClientIP())
+	ip, err := adaptor.GetClientIP()
+	if err != nil {
+		failMessage(err.Error())
+	}
+
+	println(ip)
+}
+
+func failMessage(msg string) {
+	for {
+		println(msg)
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+	}
 }

examples/flash/console/console_example.go

@@ -0,0 +1,259 @@
+package console_example
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"machine"
+	"os"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/flash"
+)
+
+const consoleBufLen = 64
+const storageBufLen = 512
+
+var (
+	debug = false
+
+	input [consoleBufLen]byte
+	store [storageBufLen]byte
+
+	console = machine.UART0
+
+	dev *flash.Device
+
+	commands map[string]cmdfunc = map[string]cmdfunc{
+		"":      cmdfunc(noop),
+		"erase": cmdfunc(erase),
+		"lsblk": cmdfunc(lsblk),
+		"write": cmdfunc(write),
+		"xxd":   cmdfunc(xxd),
+	}
+)
+
+type cmdfunc func(argv []string)
+
+const (
+	StateInput = iota
+	StateEscape
+	StateEscBrc
+	StateCSI
+)
+
+func RunFor(device *flash.Device) {
+
+	dev = device
+	dev.Configure(&flash.DeviceConfig{
+		Identifier: flash.DefaultDeviceIdentifier,
+	})
+
+	prompt()
+
+	var state = StateInput
+
+	for i := 0; ; {
+		if console.Buffered() > 0 {
+			data, _ := console.ReadByte()
+			if debug {
+				fmt.Printf("\rdata: %x\r\n\r", data)
+				prompt()
+				console.Write(input[:i])
+			}
+			switch state {
+			case StateInput:
+				switch data {
+				case 0x8:
+					fallthrough
+				case 0x7f: // this is probably wrong... works on my machine tho :)
+					// backspace
+					if i > 0 {
+						i -= 1
+						console.Write([]byte{0x8, 0x20, 0x8})
+					}
+				case 13:
+					// return key
+					console.Write([]byte("\r\n"))
+					runCommand(string(input[:i]))
+					prompt()
+
+					i = 0
+					continue
+				case 27:
+					// escape
+					state = StateEscape
+				default:
+					// anything else, just echo the character if it is printable
+					if strconv.IsPrint(rune(data)) {
+						if i < (consoleBufLen - 1) {
+							console.WriteByte(data)
+							input[i] = data
+							i++
+						}
+					}
+				}
+			case StateEscape:
+				switch data {
+				case 0x5b:
+					state = StateEscBrc
+				default:
+					state = StateInput
+				}
+			default:
+				// TODO: handle escape sequences
+				state = StateInput
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func runCommand(line string) {
+	argv := strings.SplitN(strings.TrimSpace(line), " ", -1)
+	cmd := argv[0]
+	cmdfn, ok := commands[cmd]
+	if !ok {
+		println("unknown command: " + line)
+		return
+	}
+	cmdfn(argv)
+}
+
+func noop(argv []string) {}
+
+func lsblk(argv []string) {
+	attrs := dev.Attrs()
+	status1, _ := dev.ReadStatus()
+	status2, _ := dev.ReadStatus2()
+	serialNumber1, _ := dev.ReadSerialNumber()
+	fmt.Printf(
+		"\n-------------------------------------\r\n"+
+			" Device Information:  \r\n"+
+			"-------------------------------------\r\n"+
+			" JEDEC ID: %v\r\n"+
+			" Serial:   %v\r\n"+
+			" Status 1: %02x\r\n"+
+			" Status 2: %02x\r\n"+
+			" \r\n"+
+			" Max clock speed (MHz): %d\r\n"+
+			" Has Sector Protection: %t\r\n"+
+			" Supports Fast Reads:   %t\r\n"+
+			" Supports QSPI Reads:   %t\r\n"+
+			" Supports QSPI Write:   %t\r\n"+
+			" Write Status Split:    %t\r\n"+
+			" Single Status Byte:    %t\r\n"+
+			"-------------------------------------\r\n\r\n",
+		attrs.JedecID,
+		serialNumber1,
+		status1,
+		status2,
+		attrs.MaxClockSpeedMHz,
+		attrs.HasSectorProtection,
+		attrs.SupportsFastRead,
+		attrs.SupportsQSPI,
+		attrs.SupportsQSPIWrites,
+		attrs.WriteStatusSplit,
+		attrs.SingleStatusByte,
+	)
+}
+
+func erase(argv []string) {
+	if len(argv) < 3 {
+		println("usage: erase <chip|block|sector> <bytes>")
+		return
+	}
+	var err error
+	var addr uint64 = 0x0
+	if addr, err = strconv.ParseUint(argv[2], 16, 32); err != nil {
+		println("Invalid address: " + err.Error() + "\r\n")
+		return
+	}
+	if argv[1] == "block" {
+		if err = dev.EraseBlock(uint32(addr)); err != nil {
+			println("Block erase error: " + err.Error() + "\r\n")
+		}
+	} else if argv[1] == "sector" {
+		if err = dev.EraseSector(uint32(addr)); err != nil {
+			println("Sector erase error: " + err.Error() + "\r\n")
+		}
+	} else if argv[1] == "chip" {
+		if err = dev.EraseAll(); err != nil {
+			println("Chip erase error: " + err.Error() + "\r\n")
+		}
+	} else {
+		println("usage: erase <chip|block|sector> <bytes>")
+	}
+}
+
+func write(argv []string) {
+	if len(argv) < 3 {
+		println("usage: write <hex offset> <bytes>")
+	}
+	var err error
+	var addr uint64 = 0x0
+	if addr, err = strconv.ParseUint(argv[1], 16, 32); err != nil {
+		println("Invalid address: " + err.Error() + "\r\n")
+		return
+	}
+	buf := []byte(argv[2])
+	if _, err = dev.WriteAt(buf, int64(addr)); err != nil {
+		println("Write error: " + err.Error() + "\r\n")
+	}
+}
+
+func xxd(argv []string) {
+	var err error
+	var addr uint64 = 0x0
+	var size int = 64
+	switch len(argv) {
+	case 3:
+		if size, err = strconv.Atoi(argv[2]); err != nil {
+			println("Invalid size argument: " + err.Error() + "\r\n")
+			return
+		}
+		if size > storageBufLen || size < 1 {
+			fmt.Printf("Size of hexdump must be greater than 0 and less than %d\r\n", storageBufLen)
+			return
+		}
+		fallthrough
+	case 2:
+		if addr, err = strconv.ParseUint(argv[1], 16, 32); err != nil {
+			println("Invalid address: " + err.Error() + "\r\n")
+			return
+		}
+		fallthrough
+	case 1:
+		// no args supplied, so nothing to do here, just use the defaults
+	default:
+		println("usage: xxd <hex address, ex: 0xA0> <size of hexdump in bytes>\r\n")
+		return
+	}
+	buf := store[0:size]
+	dev.ReadAt(buf, int64(addr))
+	xxdfprint(os.Stdout, uint32(addr), buf)
+}
+
+func xxdfprint(w io.Writer, offset uint32, b []byte) {
+	var l int
+	var buf16 = make([]byte, 16)
+	for i, c := 0, len(b); i < c; i += 16 {
+		l = i + 16
+		if l >= c {
+			l = c
+		}
+		fmt.Fprintf(w, "%08x: % x    ", offset+uint32(i), b[i:l])
+		for j, n := 0, l-i; j < 16; j++ {
+			if j >= n || !strconv.IsPrint(rune(b[i+j])) {
+				buf16[j] = '.'
+			} else {
+				buf16[j] = b[i+j]
+			}
+		}
+		console.Write(buf16)
+		println()
+	}
+}
+
+func prompt() {
+	print("==> ")
+}

examples/flash/console/qspi/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"machine"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/examples/flash/console"
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/flash"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	console_example.RunFor(
+		flash.NewQSPI(
+			machine.QSPI_CS,
+			machine.QSPI_SCK,
+			machine.QSPI_DATA0,
+			machine.QSPI_DATA1,
+			machine.QSPI_DATA2,
+			machine.QSPI_DATA3,
+		),
+	)
+}

examples/flash/console/spi/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"machine"
+
+	console_example "tinygo.org/x/drivers/examples/flash/console"
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/flash"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	console_example.RunFor(
+		flash.NewSPI(
+			&machine.SPI1,
+			machine.SPI1_SDO_PIN,
+			machine.SPI1_SDI_PIN,
+			machine.SPI1_SCK_PIN,
+			machine.SPI1_CS_PIN,
+		),
+	)
+}

examples/gps/i2c/main.go

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 package main
 
 import (
-	"fmt"
 	"machine"
+	"time"
 
 	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/gps"
 )
@@ -11,19 +11,40 @@ func main() {
 	println("GPS I2C Example")
 	machine.I2C0.Configure(machine.I2CConfig{})
 	ublox := gps.NewI2C(&machine.I2C0)
-	parser := gps.Parser(ublox)
+	parser := gps.NewParser()
 	var fix gps.Fix
 	for {
-		fix = parser.NextFix()
+		s, err := ublox.NextSentence()
+		if err != nil {
+			println(err)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		fix, err = parser.Parse(s)
+		if err != nil {
+			println(err)
+			continue
+		}
 		if fix.Valid {
 			print(fix.Time.Format("15:04:05"))
-			print(", lat=", fmt.Sprintf("%f", fix.Latitude))
-			print(", long=", fmt.Sprintf("%f", fix.Longitude))
-			print(", altitude:=", fix.Altitude)
+			print(", lat=")
+			print(fix.Latitude)
+			print(", long=")
+			print(fix.Longitude)
+			print(", altitude=", fix.Altitude)
 			print(", satellites=", fix.Satellites)
+			if fix.Speed != 0 {
+				print(", speed=")
+				print(fix.Speed)
+			}
+			if fix.Heading != 0 {
+				print(", heading=")
+				print(fix.Heading)
+			}
 			println()
 		} else {
 			println("No fix")
 		}
+		time.Sleep(200 * time.Millisecond)
 	}
 }

examples/gps/uart/main.go

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 package main
 
 import (
-	"fmt"
 	"machine"
+	"time"
 
 	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/gps"
 )
@@ -11,19 +11,40 @@ func main() {
 	println("GPS UART Example")
 	machine.UART1.Configure(machine.UARTConfig{BaudRate: 9600})
 	ublox := gps.NewUART(&machine.UART1)
-	parser := gps.Parser(ublox)
+	parser := gps.NewParser()
 	var fix gps.Fix
 	for {
-		fix = parser.NextFix()
+		s, err := ublox.NextSentence()
+		if err != nil {
+			println(err)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		fix, err = parser.Parse(s)
+		if err != nil {
+			println(err)
+			continue
+		}
 		if fix.Valid {
 			print(fix.Time.Format("15:04:05"))
-			print(", lat=", fmt.Sprintf("%f", fix.Latitude))
-			print(", long=", fmt.Sprintf("%f", fix.Longitude))
-			print(", altitude:=", fix.Altitude)
+			print(", lat=")
+			print(fix.Latitude)
+			print(", long=")
+			print(fix.Longitude)
+			print(", altitude=", fix.Altitude)
 			print(", satellites=", fix.Satellites)
+			if fix.Speed != 0 {
+				print(", speed=")
+				print(fix.Speed)
+			}
+			if fix.Heading != 0 {
+				print(", heading=")
+				print(fix.Heading)
+			}
 			println()
 		} else {
 			println("No fix")
 		}
+		time.Sleep(200 * time.Millisecond)
 	}
 }

examples/hcsr04/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+package hcsr04
+
+import (
+	"machine"
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/hcsr04"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	sensor := hcsr04.New(machine.D10, machine.D9)
+	sensor.Configure()
+
+	println("Ultrasonic starts")
+	for {
+		println("Distance:", sensor.ReadDistance(), "mm")
+
+		time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
+	}
+}

examples/hd44780i2c/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"machine"
+	"strconv"
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/hd44780i2c"
+)
+
+func main() {
+
+	// Note: most HD44780 LCD modules requires 5V power, however some variations
+	// use 3.3V (and may be damaged by 5V).
+
+	machine.I2C0.Configure(machine.I2CConfig{
+		Frequency: machine.TWI_FREQ_400KHZ,
+	})
+
+	lcd := hd44780i2c.New(machine.I2C0, 0x27) // some modules have address 0x3F
+
+	lcd.Configure(hd44780i2c.Config{
+		Width:       16, // required
+		Height:      2,  // required
+		CursorOn:    true,
+		CursorBlink: true,
+	})
+
+	lcd.Print([]byte(" TinyGo\n  LCD Test "))
+
+	// CGRAM address 0x0-0x7 can be used to store 8 custom characters
+	lcd.CreateCharacter(0x0, []byte{0x00, 0x11, 0x0E, 0x1F, 0x15, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F})
+	lcd.Print([]byte{0x0})
+
+	// You can use https://maxpromer.github.io/LCD-Character-Creator/
+	// to crete your own characters.
+
+	time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 7000)
+
+	for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
+		lcd.BacklightOn(false)
+		time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 250)
+		lcd.BacklightOn(true)
+		time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 250)
+	}
+
+	lcd.CursorOn(false)
+	lcd.CursorBlink(false)
+
+	i := 0
+	for {
+
+		lcd.ClearDisplay()
+		lcd.SetCursor(2, 1)
+		lcd.Print([]byte(strconv.FormatInt(int64(i), 10)))
+		i++
+		time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 100)
+
+	}
+}

examples/ili9341/basic/atsamd21.go

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+// +build atsamd21
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"machine"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/ili9341"
+)
+
+var (
+	display = ili9341.NewSPI(
+		machine.SPI0,
+		machine.D0,
+		machine.D1,
+		machine.D2,
+	)
+
+	backlight = machine.D3
+)
+
+func init() {
+	machine.SPI0.Configure(machine.SPIConfig{
+		SCK:       machine.SPI0_SCK_PIN,
+		SDO:       machine.SPI0_SDO_PIN,
+		SDI:       machine.SPI0_SDI_PIN,
+		Frequency: 24000000,
+	})
+}

examples/ili9341/basic/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"image/color"
+	"machine"
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/ili9341"
+)
+
+var (
+	black = color.RGBA{0, 0, 0, 255}
+	white = color.RGBA{255, 255, 255, 255}
+	red   = color.RGBA{255, 0, 0, 255}
+	blue  = color.RGBA{0, 0, 255, 255}
+	green = color.RGBA{0, 255, 0, 255}
+)
+
+func main() {
+
+	backlight.Configure(machine.PinConfig{machine.PinOutput})
+
+	display.Configure(ili9341.Config{})
+	width, height := display.Size()
+
+	display.FillScreen(black)
+	backlight.High()
+
+	display.FillRectangle(0, 0, width/2, height/2, white)
+	display.FillRectangle(width/2, 0, width/2, height/2, red)
+	display.FillRectangle(0, height/2, width/2, height/2, green)
+	display.FillRectangle(width/2, height/2, width/2, height/2, blue)
+	display.FillRectangle(width/4, height/4, width/2, height/2, black)
+	for {
+		time.Sleep(time.Hour)
+	}
+
+}

examples/ili9341/basic/pyportal.go

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+// +build pyportal
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"machine"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/ili9341"
+)
+
+var (
+	display = ili9341.NewParallel(
+		machine.LCD_DATA0,
+		machine.TFT_WR,
+		machine.TFT_DC,
+		machine.TFT_CS,
+		machine.TFT_RESET,
+		machine.TFT_RD,
+	)
+
+	backlight = machine.TFT_BACKLIGHT
+)

examples/ili9341/basic/wioterminal.go

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+// +build wioterminal
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"machine"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/ili9341"
+)
+
+var (
+	display = ili9341.NewSPI(
+		machine.SPI3,
+		machine.LCD_DC,
+		machine.LCD_SS_PIN,
+		machine.LCD_RESET,
+	)
+
+	backlight = machine.LCD_BACKLIGHT
+)
+
+func init() {
+	machine.SPI3.Configure(machine.SPIConfig{
+		SCK:       machine.LCD_SCK_PIN,
+		SDO:       machine.LCD_SDO_PIN,
+		SDI:       machine.LCD_SDI_PIN,
+		Frequency: 40000000,
+	})
+}

examples/ili9341/pyportal_boing/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+// Port of Adafruit's "pyportal_boing" demo found here:
+// https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_ILI9341/blob/master/examples/pyportal_boing
+package main
+
+import (
+	"machine"
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/examples/ili9341/pyportal_boing/graphics"
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/ili9341"
+)
+
+const (
+	BGCOLOR    = 0xAD75
+	GRIDCOLOR  = 0xA815
+	BGSHADOW   = 0x5285
+	GRIDSHADOW = 0x600C
+	RED        = 0xF800
+	WHITE      = 0xFFFF
+
+	YBOTTOM = 123  // Ball Y coord at bottom
+	YBOUNCE = -3.5 // Upward velocity on ball bounce
+
+	_debug = false
+)
+
+var (
+	frameBuffer = [(graphics.BALLHEIGHT + 8) * (graphics.BALLWIDTH + 8)]uint16{}
+
+	startTime int64
+	frame     int64
+
+	// Ball coordinates are stored floating-point because screen refresh
+	// is so quick, whole-pixel movements are just too fast!
+	ballx     float32
+	bally     float32
+	ballvx    float32
+	ballvy    float32
+	ballframe float32
+	balloldx  float32
+	balloldy  float32
+
+	// Color table for ball rotation effect
+	palette [16]uint16
+)
+
+func main() {
+
+	// configure backlight
+	backlight.Configure(machine.PinConfig{machine.PinOutput})
+
+	// configure display
+	display.Configure(ili9341.Config{})
+	print("width, height == ")
+	width, height := display.Size()
+	println(width, height)
+
+	backlight.High()
+
+	display.SetRotation(ili9341.Rotation270)
+	DrawBackground()
+
+	startTime = time.Now().UnixNano()
+	frame = 0
+
+	ballx = 20.0
+	bally = YBOTTOM // Current ball position
+	ballvx = 0.8
+	ballvy = YBOUNCE // Ball velocity
+	ballframe = 3    // Ball animation frame #
+	balloldx = ballx
+	balloldy = bally // Prior ball position
+
+	for {
+
+		balloldx = ballx // Save prior position
+		balloldy = bally
+		ballx += ballvx // Update position
+		bally += ballvy
+		ballvy += 0.06 // Update Y velocity
+		if (ballx <= 15) || (ballx >= graphics.SCREENWIDTH-graphics.BALLWIDTH) {
+			ballvx *= -1 // Left/right bounce
+		}
+		if bally >= YBOTTOM { // Hit ground?
+			bally = YBOTTOM  // Clip and
+			ballvy = YBOUNCE // bounce up
+		}
+
+		// Determine screen area to update.  This is the bounds of the ball's
+		// prior and current positions, so the old ball is fully erased and new
+		// ball is fully drawn.
+		var minx, miny, maxx, maxy, width, height int16
+
+		// Determine bounds of prior and new positions
+		minx = int16(ballx)
+		if int16(balloldx) < minx {
+			minx = int16(balloldx)
+		}
+		miny = int16(bally)
+		if int16(balloldy) < miny {
+			miny = int16(balloldy)
+		}
+		maxx = int16(ballx + graphics.BALLWIDTH - 1)
+		if int16(balloldx+graphics.BALLWIDTH-1) > maxx {
+			maxx = int16(balloldx + graphics.BALLWIDTH - 1)
+		}
+		maxy = int16(bally + graphics.BALLHEIGHT - 1)
+		if int16(balloldy+graphics.BALLHEIGHT-1) > maxy {
+			maxy = int16(balloldy + graphics.BALLHEIGHT - 1)
+		}
+
+		width = maxx - minx + 1
+		height = maxy - miny + 1
+
+		// Ball animation frame # is incremented opposite the ball's X velocity
+		ballframe -= ballvx * 0.5
+		if ballframe < 0 {
+			ballframe += 14 // Constrain from 0 to 13
+		} else if ballframe >= 14 {
+			ballframe -= 14
+		}
+
+		// Set 7 palette entries to white, 7 to red, based on frame number.
+		// This makes the ball spin
+		for i := 0; i < 14; i++ {
+			if (int(ballframe)+i)%14 < 7 {
+				palette[i+2] = WHITE
+			} else {
+				palette[i+2] = RED
+			} // Palette entries 0 and 1 aren't used (clear and shadow, respectively)
+		}
+
+		// Only the changed rectangle is drawn into the 'renderbuf' array...
+		var c uint16              //, *destPtr;
+		bx := minx - int16(ballx) // X relative to ball bitmap (can be negative)
+		by := miny - int16(bally) // Y relative to ball bitmap (can be negative)
+		bgx := minx               // X relative to background bitmap (>= 0)
+		bgy := miny               // Y relative to background bitmap (>= 0)
+		var bx1, bgx1 int16       // Loop counters and working vars
+		var p uint8               // 'packed' value of 2 ball pixels
+		var bufIdx int8 = 0
+
+		//tft.setAddrWindow(minx, miny, width, height)
+
+		for y := 0; y < int(height); y++ { // For each row...
+			//destPtr = &renderbuf[bufIdx][0];
+			bx1 = bx   // Need to keep the original bx and bgx values,
+			bgx1 = bgx // so copies of them are made here (and changed in loop below)
+			for x := 0; x < int(width); x++ {
+				var bgidx = int(bgy)*(graphics.SCREENWIDTH/8) + int(bgx1/8)
+				if (bx1 >= 0) && (bx1 < graphics.BALLWIDTH) && // Is current pixel row/column
+					(by >= 0) && (by < graphics.BALLHEIGHT) { // inside the ball bitmap area?
+					// Yes, do ball compositing math...
+					p = graphics.Ball[int(by*(graphics.BALLWIDTH/2))+int(bx1/2)] // Get packed value (2 pixels)
+					if (bx1 & 1) != 0 {
+						c = uint16(p & 0xF)
+					} else {
+						c = uint16(p >> 4)
+					} // Unpack high or low nybble
+					if c == 0 { // Outside ball - just draw grid
+						if graphics.Background[bgidx]&(0x80>>(bgx1&7)) != 0 {
+							c = GRIDCOLOR
+						} else {
+							c = BGCOLOR
+						}
+					} else if c > 1 { // In ball area...
+						c = palette[c]
+					} else { // In shadow area...
+						if graphics.Background[bgidx]&(0x80>>(bgx1&7)) != 0 {
+							c = GRIDSHADOW
+						} else {
+							c = BGSHADOW
+						}
+					}
+				} else { // Outside ball bitmap, just draw background bitmap...
+					if graphics.Background[bgidx]&(0x80>>(bgx1&7)) != 0 {
+						c = GRIDCOLOR
+					} else {
+						c = BGCOLOR
+					}
+				}
+				frameBuffer[y*int(width)+x] = c
+				bx1++ // Increment bitmap position counters (X axis)
+				bgx1++
+			}
+			//tft.dmaWait(); // Wait for prior line to complete
+			//tft.writePixels(&renderbuf[bufIdx][0], width, false); // Non-blocking write
+			bufIdx = 1 - bufIdx
+			by++ // Increment bitmap position counters (Y axis)
+			bgy++
+		}
+
+		display.DrawRGBBitmap(minx, miny, frameBuffer[:width*height], width, height)
+
+		// Show approximate frame rate
+		frame++
+		if frame&255 == 0 { // Every 256 frames...
+			elapsed := (time.Now().UnixNano() - startTime) / int64(time.Second)
+			if elapsed > 0 {
+				println(frame/elapsed, " fps")
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func DrawBackground() {
+	w, h := display.Size()
+	byteWidth := (w + 7) / 8 // Bitmap scanline pad = whole byte
+	var b uint8
+	for j := int16(0); j < h; j++ {
+		for k := int16(0); k < w; k++ {
+			if k&7 > 0 {
+				b <<= 1
+			} else {
+				b = graphics.Background[j*byteWidth+k/8]
+			}
+			if b&0x80 == 0 {
+				frameBuffer[k] = BGCOLOR
+			} else {
+				frameBuffer[k] = GRIDCOLOR
+			}
+		}
+		display.DrawRGBBitmap(0, j, frameBuffer[0:w], w, 1)
+	}
+}

examples/ili9341/pyportal_boing/pyportal.go

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+// +build pyportal
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"machine"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/ili9341"
+)
+
+var (
+	display = ili9341.NewParallel(
+		machine.LCD_DATA0,
+		machine.TFT_WR,
+		machine.TFT_DC,
+		machine.TFT_CS,
+		machine.TFT_RESET,
+		machine.TFT_RD,
+	)
+
+	backlight = machine.TFT_BACKLIGHT
+)

examples/ili9341/pyportal_boing/wioterminal.go

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+// +build wioterminal
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"machine"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/ili9341"
+)
+
+var (
+	display = ili9341.NewSPI(
+		machine.SPI3,
+		machine.LCD_DC,
+		machine.LCD_SS_PIN,
+		machine.LCD_RESET,
+	)
+
+	backlight = machine.LCD_BACKLIGHT
+)
+
+func init() {
+	machine.SPI3.Configure(machine.SPIConfig{
+		SCK:       machine.LCD_SCK_PIN,
+		SDO:       machine.LCD_SDO_PIN,
+		SDI:       machine.LCD_SDI_PIN,
+		Frequency: 40000000,
+	})
+}

examples/ili9341/scroll/atsamd21.go

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+// +build atsamd21
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"machine"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/ili9341"
+)
+
+var (
+	display = ili9341.NewSPI(
+		machine.SPI0,
+		machine.D0,
+		machine.D1,
+		machine.D2,
+	)
+
+	backlight = machine.D3
+)
+
+func init() {
+	machine.SPI0.Configure(machine.SPIConfig{
+		SCK:       machine.SPI0_SCK_PIN,
+		SDO:       machine.SPI0_SDO_PIN,
+		SDI:       machine.SPI0_SDI_PIN,
+		Frequency: 24000000,
+	})
+}

examples/ili9341/scroll/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"image/color"
+	"machine"
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/ili9341"
+)
+
+var (
+	red   = color.RGBA{255, 0, 0, 255}
+	blue  = color.RGBA{0, 0, 255, 255}
+	green = color.RGBA{0, 255, 0, 255}
+	black = color.RGBA{0, 0, 0, 255}
+	white = color.RGBA{255, 255, 255, 255}
+)
+
+func main() {
+
+	backlight.Configure(machine.PinConfig{machine.PinOutput})
+
+	display.Configure(ili9341.Config{})
+	width, height := display.Size()
+
+	display.FillScreen(black)
+	backlight.High()
+
+	display.FillRectangle(0, 0, width/2, height/2, white)
+	display.FillRectangle(width/2, 0, width/2, height/2, red)
+	display.FillRectangle(0, height/2, width/2, height/2, green)
+	display.FillRectangle(width/2, height/2, width/2, height/2, blue)
+	display.FillRectangle(width/4, height/4, width/2, height/2, black)
+
+	for scroll := int16(0); ; scroll = (scroll + 1) % 320 {
+		time.Sleep(7500 * time.Microsecond)
+		display.SetScroll(scroll)
+	}
+
+}

examples/ili9341/scroll/pyportal.go

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+// +build pyportal
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"machine"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/ili9341"
+)
+
+var (
+	display = ili9341.NewParallel(
+		machine.LCD_DATA0,
+		machine.TFT_WR,
+		machine.TFT_DC,
+		machine.TFT_CS,
+		machine.TFT_RESET,
+		machine.TFT_RD,
+	)
+
+	backlight = machine.TFT_BACKLIGHT
+)

examples/ili9341/scroll/wioterminal.go

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+// +build wioterminal
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"machine"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/ili9341"
+)
+
+var (
+	display = ili9341.NewSPI(
+		machine.SPI3,
+		machine.LCD_DC,
+		machine.LCD_SS_PIN,
+		machine.LCD_RESET,
+	)
+
+	backlight = machine.LCD_BACKLIGHT
+)
+
+func init() {
+	machine.SPI3.Configure(machine.SPIConfig{
+		SCK:       machine.LCD_SCK_PIN,
+		SDO:       machine.LCD_SDO_PIN,
+		SDI:       machine.LCD_SDI_PIN,
+		Frequency: 40000000,
+	})
+}

examples/l293x/simple/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"machine"
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/l293x"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	wheel := l293x.New(machine.D10, machine.D11, machine.D12)
+	wheel.Configure()
+
+	for i := 0; i <= 10; i++ {
+		println("Forward")
+		wheel.Forward()
+		time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 1000)
+
+		println("Stop")
+		wheel.Stop()
+		time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 1000)
+
+		println("Backward")
+		wheel.Backward()
+		time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 1000)
+
+		println("Stop")
+		wheel.Stop()
+		time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 1000)
+	}
+
+	println("Stop")
+	wheel.Stop()
+}

examples/l293x/speed/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"machine"
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/l293x"
+)
+
+const (
+	maxSpeed = 30000
+)
+
+func main() {
+	machine.InitPWM()
+
+	wheel := l293x.NewWithSpeed(machine.D10, machine.D11, machine.PWM{machine.D12})
+	wheel.Configure()
+
+	for i := 0; i <= 10; i++ {
+		println("Forward")
+		var i uint16
+		for i = 0; i < maxSpeed; i += 1000 {
+			wheel.Forward(i)
+			time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 100)
+		}
+
+		println("Stop")
+		wheel.Stop()
+		time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 1000)
+
+		println("Backward")
+		for i = 0; i < maxSpeed; i += 1000 {
+			wheel.Backward(i)
+			time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 100)
+		}
+
+		println("Stop")
+		wheel.Stop()
+		time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 1000)
+	}
+
+	println("Stop")
+	wheel.Stop()
+}

examples/l9110x/simple/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"machine"
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/l9110x"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	wheel := l9110x.New(machine.D10, machine.D11)
+	wheel.Configure()
+
+	for i := 0; i <= 10; i++ {
+		println("Forward")
+		wheel.Forward()
+		time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 1000)
+
+		println("Stop")
+		wheel.Stop()
+		time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 1000)
+
+		println("Backward")
+		wheel.Backward()
+		time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 1000)
+
+		println("Stop")
+		wheel.Stop()
+		time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 1000)
+	}
+
+	println("Stop")
+	wheel.Stop()
+}

examples/l9110x/speed/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"machine"
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/l9110x"
+)
+
+const (
+	maxSpeed = 30000
+)
+
+func main() {
+	machine.InitPWM()
+
+	wheel := l9110x.NewWithSpeed(machine.PWM{machine.D11}, machine.PWM{machine.D12})
+	wheel.Configure()
+
+	for i := 0; i <= 10; i++ {
+		println("Forward")
+		var i uint16
+		for i = 0; i < maxSpeed; i += 1000 {
+			wheel.Forward(i)
+			time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 100)
+		}
+
+		println("Stop")
+		wheel.Stop()
+		time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 1000)
+
+		println("Backward")
+		for i = 0; i < maxSpeed; i += 1000 {
+			wheel.Backward(i)
+			time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 100)
+		}
+
+		println("Stop")
+		wheel.Stop()
+		time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 1000)
+	}
+
+	println("Stop")
+	wheel.Stop()
+}

examples/lis2mdl/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"machine"
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/lis2mdl"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	machine.I2C0.Configure(machine.I2CConfig{})
+	compass := lis2mdl.New(machine.I2C0)
+
+	if !compass.Connected() {
+		for {
+			println("LIS2MDL not connected!")
+			time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+		}
+	}
+
+	compass.Configure(lis2mdl.Configuration{}) //default settings
+
+	for {
+		heading := compass.ReadCompass()
+		println("Heading:", heading)
+
+		time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 100)
+	}
+}

examples/lis3dh/main.go

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import (
 var i2c = machine.I2C1
 
 func main() {
-	i2c.Configure(machine.I2CConfig{})
+	i2c.Configure(machine.I2CConfig{SCL: machine.SCL1_PIN, SDA: machine.SDA1_PIN})
 
 	accel := lis3dh.New(i2c)
 	accel.Address = lis3dh.Address1 // address on the Circuit Playground Express

examples/lsm303agr/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"machine"
+	"time"
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/lsm303agr"
+)
+
+func main() {
+
+	machine.I2C0.Configure(machine.I2CConfig{})
+	accel_mag := lsm303agr.New(machine.I2C0)
+
+	if !accel_mag.Connected() {
+		println("LSM303AGR/MAG not connected!")
+		return
+	}
+
+	accel_mag.Configure(lsm303agr.Configuration{}) //default settings
+
+	for {
+
+		accel_x, accel_y, accel_z := accel_mag.ReadAcceleration()
+		pitch, roll := accel_mag.ReadPitchRoll()
+		mag_x, mag_y, mag_z := accel_mag.ReadMagneticField()
+		heading := accel_mag.ReadCompass()
+		temp, _ := accel_mag.ReadTemperature()
+
+		println("ACCEL_X:", accel_x, " ACCEL_Y:", accel_y, " ACCEL_Z:", accel_z)
+		println("MAG_X:", mag_x, " MAG_Y:", mag_y, " MAG_Z:", mag_z)
+		println("Pitch:", pitch, " Roll:", roll)
+		println("Heading:", heading)
+		println("Temperature:", temp/1000)
+		println("\n")
+
+		time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 100)
+	}
+
+}

examples/mag3110/main.go

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ func main() {
 		println("Magnetic readings:", x, y, z)
 
 		c, _ := mag.ReadTemperature()
-		println("Temperature:", float32(c)/1000, "ºC")
+		println("Temperature:", float32(c)/1000, "°C")
 
 		time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 100)
 	}

examples/mcp3008/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+// Connects to a MCP3008 ADC via SPI.
+package main
+
+import (
+	"machine"
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/mcp3008"
+)
+
+var (
+	spi   = machine.SPI0
+	csPin = machine.D12
+)
+
+func main() {
+	spi.Configure(machine.SPIConfig{
+		Frequency: 4000000,
+		Mode:      3})
+
+	adc := mcp3008.New(spi, csPin)
+	adc.Configure()
+
+	// get "CH0" aka "machine.ADC" interface to channel 0 from ADC.
+	p := adc.CH0
+
+	for {
+		val := p.Get()
+		println(val)
+		time.Sleep(50 * time.Millisecond)
+	}
+}

examples/semihosting/semihosting.go

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+package main
+
+// A small example that demonstrates how SemiHosting can be used.
+// You could use it with a board that supports GDB, such as the BBC micro:bit:
+// 1. Compile and debug it:
+//      tinygo gdb -target=microbit -ocd-output tinygo.org/x/drivers/examples/semihosting
+// 2. Enable semihosting in the GDB shell:
+//      monitor arm semihosting enable
+// 3. Start the program:
+//      continue
+
+import (
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/semihosting"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	for {
+		semihosting.Stdout.Write([]byte("hello world!\n"))
+		time.Sleep(time.Second)
+	}
+}

examples/shifter/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+// This example is designed to implement the button shifter for a PyBadge.
+package main
+
+import (
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/shifter"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	buttons := shifter.NewButtons()
+	buttons.Configure()
+
+	for {
+		// Update the pins state, to later be returned by .Get()
+		buttons.ReadInput()
+
+		if buttons.Pins[shifter.BUTTON_LEFT].Get() {
+			println("Button LEFT pressed")
+		}
+		if buttons.Pins[shifter.BUTTON_UP].Get() {
+			println("Button UP pressed")
+		}
+		if buttons.Pins[shifter.BUTTON_DOWN].Get() {
+			println("Button DOWN pressed")
+		}
+		if buttons.Pins[shifter.BUTTON_RIGHT].Get() {
+			println("Button RIGHT pressed")
+		}
+		if buttons.Pins[shifter.BUTTON_SELECT].Get() {
+			println("Button SELECT pressed")
+		}
+		if buttons.Pins[shifter.BUTTON_START].Get() {
+			println("Button START pressed")
+		}
+		if buttons.Pins[shifter.BUTTON_A].Get() {
+			println("Button A pressed")
+		}
+		if buttons.Pins[shifter.BUTTON_B].Get() {
+			println("Button B pressed")
+		}
+		time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
+	}
+}

examples/shiftregister/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"machine"
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/shiftregister"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	d := shiftregister.New(
+		shiftregister.EIGHT_BITS,
+		machine.PA6, // D12 Pin latch connected to ST_CP of 74HC595 (12)
+		machine.PA7, // D11 Pin clock connected to SH_CP of 74HC595 (11)
+		machine.PB6, // D10 Pin data connected to DS of 74HC595 (14)
+	)
+	d.Configure()
+
+	for {
+
+		// Examples using masks. This method writes all pins state at once.
+
+		// All pins High
+		d.WriteMask(0xFF)
+		delay()
+
+		// All pins Low
+		d.WriteMask(0x00)
+		delay()
+
+		// Some fun with masks
+		for _, pattern := range patterns {
+			d.WriteMask(pattern)
+			shortDelay()
+		}
+		delay()
+		d.WriteMask(0x00)
+
+		// Examples using individually addressable pin API. This method is slower than using mask
+		// because all register's pins state are send for is p.Set() call.
+
+		// Set register's pin #4
+		d.GetShiftPin(4).High()
+		delay()
+		d.GetShiftPin(4).Low()
+		delay()
+
+		// Get an individual pin and use it
+		pin := d.GetShiftPin(7)
+		pin.High()
+		delay()
+		pin.Low()
+		delay()
+
+		// Prepare an array of pin attached to the register
+		pins := [8]*shiftregister.ShiftPin{}
+		for p := 0; p < 8; p++ {
+			pins[p] = d.GetShiftPin(p)
+		}
+
+		for p := 7; p >= 0; p-- {
+			pins[p].Low()
+			shortDelay()
+			pins[p].High()
+		}
+
+		for p := 7; p >= 0; p-- {
+			pins[p].High()
+			time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
+			pins[p].Low()
+		}
+		delay()
+	}
+}
+
+func delay() {
+	time.Sleep(500 * time.Millisecond)
+}
+func shortDelay() {
+	time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
+}
+
+var patterns = []uint32{
+	0b00000001,
+	0b00000010,
+	0b00000100,
+	0b00001000,
+	0b00010000,
+	0b00100000,
+	0b01000000,
+	0b10000000,
+	0b10000001,
+	0b10000010,
+	0b10000100,
+	0b10001000,
+	0b10010000,
+	0b10100000,
+	0b11000000,
+	0b11000001,
+	0b11000010,
+	0b11000100,
+	0b11001000,
+	0b11010000,
+	0b11100000,
+	0b11100001,
+	0b11100010,
+	0b11100100,
+	0b11101000,
+	0b11110000,
+	0b11110001,
+	0b11110010,
+	0b11110100,
+	0b11111000,
+	0b11111001,
+	0b11111010,
+	0b11111100,
+	0b11111101,
+	0b11111110,
+	0b11111111,
+	0b00000000,
+	0b11111111,
+	0b00000000,
+	0b11111111,
+}

examples/sht3x/main.go

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ func main() {
 		temp, humidity, _ := sensor.ReadTemperatureHumidity()
 		t := fmt.Sprintf("%.2f", float32(temp)/1000)
 		h := fmt.Sprintf("%.2f", float32(humidity)/100)
-		println("Temperature:", t, "ºC")
+		println("Temperature:", t, "°C")
 		println("Humidity", h, "%")
 		time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
 	}

examples/ssd1351/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package ssd1351
+
+import (
+	"machine"
+
+	"image/color"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/ssd1351"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	machine.SPI1.Configure(machine.SPIConfig{
+		Frequency: 2000000,
+	})
+	display := ssd1351.New(machine.SPI1, machine.D18, machine.D17, machine.D16, machine.D4, machine.D19)
+
+	display.Configure(ssd1351.Config{
+		Width:        96,
+		Height:       96,
+		ColumnOffset: 16,
+	})
+
+	width, height := display.Size()
+
+	white := color.RGBA{255, 255, 255, 255}
+	red := color.RGBA{255, 0, 0, 255}
+	blue := color.RGBA{0, 0, 255, 255}
+	green := color.RGBA{0, 255, 0, 255}
+
+	display.FillRectangle(0, 0, width, height/4, white)
+	display.FillRectangle(0, height/4, width, height/4, red)
+	display.FillRectangle(0, height/2, width, height/4, green)
+	display.FillRectangle(0, 3*height/4, width, height/4, blue)
+
+	display.Display()
+}

examples/st7789/main.go

@@ -9,12 +9,37 @@ import (
 )
 
 func main() {
+
+	// Example configuration for Adafruit Clue
+	// machine.SPI1.Configure(machine.SPIConfig{
+	//	Frequency: 8000000,
+	//	SCK:       machine.TFT_SCK,
+	//	SDO:       machine.TFT_SDO,
+	//	SDI:       machine.TFT_SDO,
+	//	Mode:      0,
+	// })
+	// display := st7789.New(machine.SPI1,
+	//	machine.TFT_RESET,
+	//	machine.TFT_DC,
+	//	machine.TFT_CS,
+	//	machine.TFT_LITE)
+
 	machine.SPI0.Configure(machine.SPIConfig{
 		Frequency: 8000000,
-		Mode:      3,
+		Mode:      0,
+	})
+	display := st7789.New(machine.SPI0,
+		machine.P6, // TFT_RESET
+		machine.P7, // TFT_DC
+		machine.P8, // TFT_CS
+		machine.P9) // TFT_LITE
+
+	display.Configure(st7789.Config{
+		Rotation:   st7789.NO_ROTATION,
+		RowOffset:  80,
+		FrameRate:  st7789.FRAMERATE_111,
+		VSyncLines: st7789.MAX_VSYNC_SCANLINES,
 	})
-	display := st7789.New(machine.SPI0, machine.P6, machine.P7, machine.P8)
-	display.Configure(st7789.Config{Rotation: st7789.NO_ROTATION})
 
 	width, height := display.Size()
 

examples/thermistor/main.go

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ func main() {
 
 	for {
 		temp, _ := sensor.ReadTemperature()
-		println("Temperature:", temp/1000, "ºC")
+		println("Temperature:", temp/1000, "°C")
 
 		time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
 	}

examples/tmp102/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"machine"
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/tmp102"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	machine.I2C0.Configure(machine.I2CConfig{
+		Frequency: machine.TWI_FREQ_400KHZ,
+	})
+
+	thermo := tmp102.New(machine.I2C0)
+	thermo.Configure(tmp102.Config{})
+
+	for {
+
+		temp, _ := thermo.ReadTemperature()
+
+		print(fmt.Sprintf("%.2f°C\r\n", float32(temp)/1000.0))
+
+		time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 1000)
+	}
+
+}

examples/touch/resistive/fourwire/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+// demo of 4-wire touchscreen as described in app note:
+// http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/Appnotes/doc8091.pdf
+package main
+
+import (
+	"machine"
+	"math"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/touch"
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/touch/resistive"
+)
+
+var (
+	resistiveTouch = new(resistive.FourWire)
+)
+
+const (
+	Xmin = 750
+	Xmax = 325
+	Ymin = 840
+	Ymax = 240
+)
+
+func main() {
+
+	// configure touchscreen
+	machine.InitADC()
+	resistiveTouch.Configure(&resistive.FourWireConfig{
+		YP: machine.TOUCH_YD, // y+
+		YM: machine.TOUCH_YU, // y-
+		XP: machine.TOUCH_XR, // x+
+		XM: machine.TOUCH_XL, // x-
+	})
+
+	last := touch.Point{}
+
+	// loop and poll for touches, including performing debouncing
+	debounce := 0
+	for {
+
+		point := resistiveTouch.ReadTouchPoint()
+		touch := touch.Point{}
+		if point.Z>>6 > 100 {
+			touch.X = mapval(point.X>>6, Xmin, Xmax, 0, 240)
+			touch.Y = mapval(point.Y>>6, Ymin, Ymax, 0, 320)
+			touch.Z = point.Z >> 6 / 100
+		} else {
+			touch.X = 0
+			touch.Y = 0
+			touch.Z = 0
+		}
+
+		if last.Z != touch.Z {
+			debounce = 0
+			last = touch
+		} else if math.Abs(float64(touch.X-last.X)) > 4 ||
+			math.Abs(float64(touch.Y-last.Y)) > 4 {
+			debounce = 0
+			last = touch
+		} else if debounce > 1 {
+			debounce = 0
+			HandleTouch(last)
+		} else if touch.Z > 0 {
+			debounce++
+		} else {
+			last = touch
+			debounce = 0
+		}
+
+	}
+}
+
+// based on Arduino's "map" function
+func mapval(x int, inMin int, inMax int, outMin int, outMax int) int {
+	return (x-inMin)*(outMax-outMin)/(inMax-inMin) + outMin
+}
+
+func HandleTouch(touch touch.Point) {
+	println("touch point:", touch.X, touch.Y, touch.Z)
+}

examples/touch/resistive/pyportal_touchpaint/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"image/color"
+	"machine"
+	"math"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/ili9341"
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/touch"
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/touch/resistive"
+)
+
+var (
+	resistiveTouch = &resistive.FourWire{}
+
+	display = ili9341.NewParallel(
+		machine.LCD_DATA0,
+		machine.TFT_WR,
+		machine.TFT_DC,
+		machine.TFT_CS,
+		machine.TFT_RESET,
+		machine.TFT_RD,
+	)
+
+	white   = color.RGBA{255, 255, 255, 255}
+	black   = color.RGBA{0, 0, 0, 255}
+	red     = color.RGBA{255, 0, 0, 255}
+	green   = color.RGBA{0, 255, 0, 255}
+	blue    = color.RGBA{0, 0, 255, 255}
+	magenta = color.RGBA{255, 0, 255, 255}
+	yellow  = color.RGBA{255, 255, 0, 255}
+	cyan    = color.RGBA{0, 255, 255, 255}
+
+	oldColor     color.RGBA
+	currentColor color.RGBA
+)
+
+const (
+	penRadius = 3
+	boxSize   = 30
+
+	Xmin = 750
+	Xmax = 325
+	Ymin = 840
+	Ymax = 240
+)
+
+func main() {
+
+	// configure backlight
+	machine.TFT_BACKLIGHT.Configure(machine.PinConfig{machine.PinOutput})
+
+	// configure touchscreen
+	machine.InitADC()
+	resistiveTouch.Configure(&resistive.FourWireConfig{
+		YP: machine.TOUCH_YD,
+		YM: machine.TOUCH_YU,
+		XP: machine.TOUCH_XR,
+		XM: machine.TOUCH_XL,
+	})
+
+	// configure display
+	display.Configure(ili9341.Config{})
+
+	// fill the background and activate the backlight
+	width, height := display.Size()
+	display.FillRectangle(0, 0, width, height, black)
+	machine.TFT_BACKLIGHT.High()
+
+	// make color selection boxes
+	display.FillRectangle(0, 0, boxSize, boxSize, red)
+	display.FillRectangle(boxSize, 0, boxSize, boxSize, yellow)
+	display.FillRectangle(boxSize*2, 0, boxSize, boxSize, green)
+	display.FillRectangle(boxSize*3, 0, boxSize, boxSize, cyan)
+	display.FillRectangle(boxSize*4, 0, boxSize, boxSize, blue)
+	display.FillRectangle(boxSize*5, 0, boxSize, boxSize, magenta)
+	display.FillRectangle(boxSize*6, 0, boxSize, boxSize, black)
+	display.FillRectangle(boxSize*7, 0, boxSize, boxSize, white)
+
+	// set the initial color to red and draw a box to highlight it
+	oldColor = red
+	currentColor = red
+	display.DrawRectangle(0, 0, boxSize, boxSize, white)
+
+	last := touch.Point{}
+
+	// loop and poll for touches, including performing debouncing
+	debounce := 0
+	for {
+
+		point := resistiveTouch.ReadTouchPoint()
+		touch := touch.Point{}
+		if point.Z>>6 > 100 {
+			rawX := mapval(point.X>>6, Xmin, Xmax, 0, 240)
+			rawY := mapval(point.Y>>6, Ymin, Ymax, 0, 320)
+			touch.X = rawX
+			touch.Y = rawY
+			touch.Z = 1
+		} else {
+			touch.X = 0
+			touch.Y = 0
+			touch.Z = 0
+		}
+
+		if last.Z != touch.Z {
+			debounce = 0
+			last = touch
+		} else if math.Abs(float64(touch.X-last.X)) > 4 ||
+			math.Abs(float64(touch.Y-last.Y)) > 4 {
+			debounce = 0
+			last = touch
+		} else if debounce > 1 {
+			debounce = 0
+			HandleTouch(last)
+		} else if touch.Z > 0 {
+			debounce++
+		} else {
+			last = touch
+			debounce = 0
+		}
+
+	}
+}
+
+// based on Arduino's "map" function
+func mapval(x int, inMin int, inMax int, outMin int, outMax int) int {
+	return (x-inMin)*(outMax-outMin)/(inMax-inMin) + outMin
+}
+
+func HandleTouch(touch touch.Point) {
+
+	if int16(touch.Y) < boxSize {
+		oldColor = currentColor
+		x := int16(touch.X)
+		switch {
+		case x < boxSize:
+			currentColor = red
+		case x < boxSize*2:
+			currentColor = yellow
+		case x < boxSize*3:
+			currentColor = green
+		case x < boxSize*4:
+			currentColor = cyan
+		case x < boxSize*5:
+			currentColor = blue
+		case x < boxSize*6:
+			currentColor = magenta
+		case x < boxSize*7:
+			currentColor = black
+		case x < boxSize*8:
+			currentColor = white
+		}
+
+		if oldColor == currentColor {
+			return
+		}
+
+		display.DrawRectangle((x/boxSize)*boxSize, 0, boxSize, boxSize, white)
+		switch oldColor {
+		case red:
+			x = 0
+		case yellow:
+			x = boxSize
+		case green:
+			x = boxSize * 2
+		case cyan:
+			x = boxSize * 3
+		case blue:
+			x = boxSize * 4
+		case magenta:
+			x = boxSize * 5
+		case black:
+			x = boxSize * 6
+		case white:
+			x = boxSize * 7
+		}
+		display.FillRectangle(int16(x), 0, boxSize, boxSize, oldColor)
+
+	}
+
+	if (int16(touch.Y) - penRadius) > boxSize {
+		display.FillRectangle(
+			int16(touch.X), int16(touch.Y), penRadius*2, penRadius*2, currentColor)
+	}
+}

examples/veml6070/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"time"
+
+	"machine"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/veml6070"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	machine.I2C0.Configure(machine.I2CConfig{})
+	sensor := veml6070.New(machine.I2C0)
+
+	if !sensor.Configure() {
+		println("VEML6070 could not be configured")
+		return
+	}
+
+	println("VEML6070 configured")
+
+	for {
+		intensity, _ := sensor.ReadUVALightIntensity()
+		println("UVA light intensity:", float32(intensity)/1000.0, "W/(m*m)")
+
+		switch sensor.GetEstimatedRiskLevel(intensity) {
+		case veml6070.UVI_RISK_LOW:
+			println("UV risk level: low")
+		case veml6070.UVI_RISK_MODERATE:
+			println("UV risk level: moderate")
+		case veml6070.UVI_RISK_HIGH:
+			println("UV risk level: high")
+		case veml6070.UVI_RISK_VERY_HIGH:
+			println("UV risk level: very high")
+		case veml6070.UVI_RISK_EXTREME:
+			println("UV risk level: extreme")
+		}
+
+		time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
+	}
+}

examples/waveshare-epd/epd4in2/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"machine"
+
+	"image/color"
+
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/waveshare-epd/epd4in2"
+)
+
+var display epd4in2.Device
+
+func main() {
+	machine.SPI0.Configure(machine.SPIConfig{
+		Frequency: 8000000,
+		Mode:      0,
+	})
+
+	display = epd4in2.New(machine.SPI0, machine.P6, machine.P7, machine.P8, machine.P9)
+	display.Configure(epd4in2.Config{})
+
+	black := color.RGBA{1, 1, 1, 255}
+
+	display.ClearBuffer()
+	println("Clear the display")
+	display.ClearDisplay()
+	display.WaitUntilIdle()
+	println("Waiting for 2 seconds")
+	time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
+
+	// Show a checkered board
+	for i := int16(0); i < 16; i++ {
+		for j := int16(0); j < 25; j++ {
+			if (i+j)%2 == 0 {
+				showRect(i*8, j*10, 8, 10, black)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	println("Show checkered board")
+	display.Display()
+	display.WaitUntilIdle()
+	println("Waiting for 2 seconds")
+	time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
+
+	println("You could remove power now")
+}
+
+func showRect(x int16, y int16, w int16, h int16, c color.RGBA) {
+	for i := x; i < x+w; i++ {
+		for j := y; j < y+h; j++ {
+			display.SetPixel(i, j, c)
+		}
+	}
+}

examples/wifinina/mqttclient/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+// This is a sensor station that uses a ESP8266 or ESP32 running on the device UART1.
+// It creates an MQTT connection that publishes a message every second
+// to an MQTT broker.
+//
+// In other words:
+// Your computer <--> UART0 <--> MCU <--> UART1 <--> ESP8266 <--> Internet <--> MQTT broker.
+//
+// You must install the Paho MQTT package to build this program:
+//
+// 		go get -u github.com/eclipse/paho.mqtt.golang
+//
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"machine"
+	"math/rand"
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/net/mqtt"
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/wifinina"
+)
+
+// access point info
+const ssid = ""
+const pass = ""
+
+// IP address of the MQTT broker to use. Replace with your own info.
+const server = "tcp://test.mosquitto.org:1883"
+
+//const server = "ssl://test.mosquitto.org:8883"
+
+// these are the default pins for the Arduino Nano33 IoT.
+// change these to connect to a different UART or pins for the ESP8266/ESP32
+var (
+
+	// these are the default pins for the Arduino Nano33 IoT.
+	uart = machine.UART2
+	tx   = machine.NINA_TX
+	rx   = machine.NINA_RX
+	spi  = machine.NINA_SPI
+
+	// this is the ESP chip that has the WIFININA firmware flashed on it
+	adaptor *wifinina.Device
+	topic   = "tinygo"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	time.Sleep(3000 * time.Millisecond)
+
+	uart.Configure(machine.UARTConfig{TX: tx, RX: rx})
+	rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
+
+	// Configure SPI for 8Mhz, Mode 0, MSB First
+	spi.Configure(machine.SPIConfig{
+		Frequency: 8 * 1e6,
+		SDO:       machine.NINA_SDO,
+		SDI:       machine.NINA_SDI,
+		SCK:       machine.NINA_SCK,
+	})
+
+	// Init esp8266/esp32
+	adaptor = wifinina.New(spi,
+		machine.NINA_CS,
+		machine.NINA_ACK,
+		machine.NINA_GPIO0,
+		machine.NINA_RESETN)
+	adaptor.Configure()
+
+	connectToAP()
+
+	opts := mqtt.NewClientOptions()
+	opts.AddBroker(server).SetClientID("tinygo-client-" + randomString(10))
+
+	println("Connectng to MQTT...")
+	cl := mqtt.NewClient(opts)
+	if token := cl.Connect(); token.Wait() && token.Error() != nil {
+		failMessage(token.Error().Error())
+	}
+
+	for i := 0; ; i++ {
+		println("Publishing MQTT message...")
+		data := []byte(fmt.Sprintf(`{"e":[{"n":"hello %d","v":101}]}`, i))
+		token := cl.Publish(topic, 0, false, data)
+		token.Wait()
+		if err := token.Error(); err != nil {
+			switch t := err.(type) {
+			case wifinina.Error:
+				println(t.Error(), "attempting to reconnect")
+				if token := cl.Connect(); token.Wait() && token.Error() != nil {
+					failMessage(token.Error().Error())
+				}
+			default:
+				println(err.Error())
+			}
+		}
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Millisecond)
+	}
+
+	// Right now this code is never reached. Need a way to trigger it...
+	println("Disconnecting MQTT...")
+	cl.Disconnect(100)
+
+	println("Done.")
+}
+
+// connect to access point
+func connectToAP() {
+	time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
+	println("Connecting to " + ssid)
+	adaptor.SetPassphrase(ssid, pass)
+	for st, _ := adaptor.GetConnectionStatus(); st != wifinina.StatusConnected; {
+		println("Connection status: " + st.String())
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+		st, _ = adaptor.GetConnectionStatus()
+	}
+	println("Connected.")
+	time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
+	ip, _, _, err := adaptor.GetIP()
+	for ; err != nil; ip, _, _, err = adaptor.GetIP() {
+		println(err.Error())
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+	}
+	println(ip.String())
+}
+
+// Returns an int >= min, < max
+func randomInt(min, max int) int {
+	return min + rand.Intn(max-min)
+}
+
+// Generate a random string of A-Z chars with len = l
+func randomString(len int) string {
+	bytes := make([]byte, len)
+	for i := 0; i < len; i++ {
+		bytes[i] = byte(randomInt(65, 90))
+	}
+	return string(bytes)
+}
+
+func failMessage(msg string) {
+	for {
+		println(msg)
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+	}
+}

examples/wifinina/mqttsub/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+// This is a sensor station that uses a ESP8266 or ESP32 running on the device UART1.
+// It creates an MQTT connection that publishes a message every second
+// to an MQTT broker.
+//
+// In other words:
+// Your computer <--> UART0 <--> MCU <--> UART1 <--> ESP8266 <--> Internet <--> MQTT broker.
+//
+// You must also install the Paho MQTT package to build this program:
+//
+// 		go get -u github.com/eclipse/paho.mqtt.golang
+//
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"machine"
+	"math/rand"
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/net/mqtt"
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/wifinina"
+)
+
+// access point info
+const ssid = ""
+const pass = ""
+
+// IP address of the MQTT broker to use. Replace with your own info.
+const server = "tcp://test.mosquitto.org:1883"
+
+//const server = "ssl://test.mosquitto.org:8883"
+
+// change these to connect to a different UART or pins for the ESP8266/ESP32
+var (
+
+	// these are the default pins for the Arduino Nano33 IoT.
+	uart = machine.UART2
+	tx   = machine.NINA_TX
+	rx   = machine.NINA_RX
+	spi  = machine.NINA_SPI
+
+	// this is the ESP chip that has the WIFININA firmware flashed on it
+	adaptor *wifinina.Device
+
+	cl      mqtt.Client
+	topicTx = "tinygo/tx"
+	topicRx = "tinygo/rx"
+)
+
+func subHandler(client mqtt.Client, msg mqtt.Message) {
+	fmt.Printf("[%s]  ", msg.Topic())
+	fmt.Printf("%s\r\n", msg.Payload())
+}
+
+func main() {
+	time.Sleep(3000 * time.Millisecond)
+
+	uart.Configure(machine.UARTConfig{TX: tx, RX: rx})
+	rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
+
+	// Configure SPI for 8Mhz, Mode 0, MSB First
+	spi.Configure(machine.SPIConfig{
+		Frequency: 8 * 1e6,
+		SDO:       machine.NINA_SDO,
+		SDI:       machine.NINA_SDI,
+		SCK:       machine.NINA_SCK,
+	})
+
+	// Init esp8266/esp32
+	adaptor = wifinina.New(spi,
+		machine.NINA_CS,
+		machine.NINA_ACK,
+		machine.NINA_GPIO0,
+		machine.NINA_RESETN)
+	adaptor.Configure()
+
+	connectToAP()
+
+	opts := mqtt.NewClientOptions()
+	opts.AddBroker(server).SetClientID("tinygo-client-" + randomString(10))
+
+	println("Connecting to MQTT broker at", server)
+	cl = mqtt.NewClient(opts)
+	if token := cl.Connect(); token.Wait() && token.Error() != nil {
+		failMessage(token.Error().Error())
+	}
+
+	// subscribe
+	token := cl.Subscribe(topicRx, 0, subHandler)
+	token.Wait()
+	if token.Error() != nil {
+		failMessage(token.Error().Error())
+	}
+
+	go publishing()
+
+	select {}
+
+	// Right now this code is never reached. Need a way to trigger it...
+	println("Disconnecting MQTT...")
+	cl.Disconnect(100)
+
+	println("Done.")
+}
+
+func publishing() {
+	for i := 0; ; i++ {
+		println("Publishing MQTT message...")
+		data := []byte(fmt.Sprintf(`{"e":[{"n":"hello %d","v":101}]}`, i))
+		token := cl.Publish(topicRx, 0, false, data)
+		token.Wait()
+		if token.Error() != nil {
+			println(token.Error().Error())
+		}
+
+		time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
+	}
+}
+
+// connect to access point
+func connectToAP() {
+	time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
+	println("Connecting to " + ssid)
+	adaptor.SetPassphrase(ssid, pass)
+	for st, _ := adaptor.GetConnectionStatus(); st != wifinina.StatusConnected; {
+		println("Connection status: " + st.String())
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+		st, _ = adaptor.GetConnectionStatus()
+	}
+	println("Connected.")
+	time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
+	ip, _, _, err := adaptor.GetIP()
+	for ; err != nil; ip, _, _, err = adaptor.GetIP() {
+		println(err.Error())
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+	}
+	println(ip.String())
+}
+
+// Returns an int >= min, < max
+func randomInt(min, max int) int {
+	return min + rand.Intn(max-min)
+}
+
+// Generate a random string of A-Z chars with len = l
+func randomString(len int) string {
+	bytes := make([]byte, len)
+	for i := 0; i < len; i++ {
+		bytes[i] = byte(randomInt(65, 90))
+	}
+	return string(bytes)
+}
+
+func failMessage(msg string) {
+	for {
+		println(msg)
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+	}
+}

examples/wifinina/ntpclient/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+// This is an example of using the wifinina driver to implement a NTP client.
+// It creates a UDP connection to request the current time and parse the
+// response from a NTP server.
+package main
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"machine"
+	"runtime"
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/net"
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/wifinina"
+)
+
+// access point info
+const ssid = ""
+const pass = ""
+
+// IP address of the server aka "hub". Replace with your own info.
+const ntpHost = "129.6.15.29"
+
+const NTP_PACKET_SIZE = 48
+
+var (
+	// this is the ESP chip that has the WIFININA firmware flashed on it
+	adaptor *wifinina.Device
+	b       = make([]byte, NTP_PACKET_SIZE)
+)
+
+func main() {
+
+	// Init esp32
+	// Configure SPI for 8Mhz, Mode 0, MSB First
+	machine.NINA_SPI.Configure(machine.SPIConfig{
+		Frequency: 8 * 1e6,
+		SDO:       machine.NINA_SDO,
+		SDI:       machine.NINA_SDI,
+		SCK:       machine.NINA_SCK,
+	})
+
+	// these are the default pins for the Arduino Nano33 IoT.
+	adaptor = wifinina.New(machine.NINA_SPI,
+		machine.NINA_CS,
+		machine.NINA_ACK,
+		machine.NINA_GPIO0,
+		machine.NINA_RESETN)
+
+	adaptor.Configure()
+
+	// connect to access point
+	connectToAP()
+
+	// now make UDP connection
+	ip := net.ParseIP(ntpHost)
+	raddr := &net.UDPAddr{IP: ip, Port: 123}
+	laddr := &net.UDPAddr{Port: 2390}
+	conn, err := net.DialUDP("udp", laddr, raddr)
+	if err != nil {
+		for {
+			time.Sleep(time.Second)
+			println(err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	for {
+		// send data
+		println("Requesting NTP time...")
+		t, err := getCurrentTime(conn)
+		if err != nil {
+			message("Error getting current time: %v", err)
+		} else {
+			message("NTP time: %v", t)
+		}
+		runtime.AdjustTimeOffset(-1 * int64(time.Since(t)))
+		for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
+			message("Current time: %v", time.Now())
+			time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Right now this code is never reached. Need a way to trigger it...
+	println("Disconnecting UDP...")
+	conn.Close()
+	println("Done.")
+}
+
+func getCurrentTime(conn *net.UDPSerialConn) (time.Time, error) {
+	if err := sendNTPpacket(conn); err != nil {
+		return time.Time{}, err
+	}
+	clearBuffer()
+	for now := time.Now(); time.Since(now) < time.Second; {
+		time.Sleep(5 * time.Millisecond)
+		if n, err := conn.Read(b); err != nil {
+			return time.Time{}, fmt.Errorf("error reading UDP packet: %w", err)
+		} else if n == 0 {
+			continue // no packet received yet
+		} else if n != NTP_PACKET_SIZE {
+			if n != NTP_PACKET_SIZE {
+				return time.Time{}, fmt.Errorf("expected NTP packet size of %d: %d", NTP_PACKET_SIZE, n)
+			}
+		}
+		return parseNTPpacket(), nil
+	}
+	return time.Time{}, errors.New("no packet received after 1 second")
+}
+
+func sendNTPpacket(conn *net.UDPSerialConn) error {
+	clearBuffer()
+	b[0] = 0b11100011 // LI, Version, Mode
+	b[1] = 0          // Stratum, or type of clock
+	b[2] = 6          // Polling Interval
+	b[3] = 0xEC       // Peer Clock Precision
+	// 8 bytes of zero for Root Delay & Root Dispersion
+	b[12] = 49
+	b[13] = 0x4E
+	b[14] = 49
+	b[15] = 52
+	if _, err := conn.Write(b); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func parseNTPpacket() time.Time {
+	// the timestamp starts at byte 40 of the received packet and is four bytes,
+	// this is NTP time (seconds since Jan 1 1900):
+	t := uint32(b[40])<<24 | uint32(b[41])<<16 | uint32(b[42])<<8 | uint32(b[43])
+	const seventyYears = 2208988800
+	return time.Unix(int64(t-seventyYears), 0)
+}
+
+func clearBuffer() {
+	for i := range b {
+		b[i] = 0
+	}
+}
+
+// connect to access point
+func connectToAP() {
+	time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
+	message("Connecting to " + ssid)
+	adaptor.SetPassphrase(ssid, pass)
+	for st, _ := adaptor.GetConnectionStatus(); st != wifinina.StatusConnected; {
+		message("Connection status: " + st.String())
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+		st, _ = adaptor.GetConnectionStatus()
+	}
+	message("Connected.")
+	time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
+	ip, _, _, err := adaptor.GetIP()
+	for ; err != nil; ip, _, _, err = adaptor.GetIP() {
+		message(err.Error())
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+	}
+	message(ip.String())
+}
+
+func message(format string, args ...interface{}) {
+	println(fmt.Sprintf(format, args...), "\r")
+}

examples/wifinina/tcpclient/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+// This example opens a TCP connection using a device with WiFiNINA firmware
+// and sends some data, for the purpose of testing speed and connectivity.
+//
+// You can open a server to accept connections from this program using:
+//
+// nc -w 5 -lk 8080
+//
+package main
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"machine"
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/net"
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/wifinina"
+)
+
+// access point info
+const ssid = ""
+const pass = ""
+
+// IP address of the server aka "hub". Replace with your own info.
+const serverIP = ""
+
+// these are the default pins for the Arduino Nano33 IoT.
+// change these to connect to a different UART or pins for the ESP8266/ESP32
+var (
+
+	// these are the default pins for the Arduino Nano33 IoT.
+	uart = machine.UART2
+	tx   = machine.NINA_TX
+	rx   = machine.NINA_RX
+	spi  = machine.NINA_SPI
+
+	// this is the ESP chip that has the WIFININA firmware flashed on it
+	adaptor *wifinina.Device
+)
+
+var buf = &bytes.Buffer{}
+
+func main() {
+
+	uart.Configure(machine.UARTConfig{TX: tx, RX: rx})
+
+	// Configure SPI for 8Mhz, Mode 0, MSB First
+	spi.Configure(machine.SPIConfig{
+		Frequency: 8 * 1e6,
+		SDO:       machine.NINA_SDO,
+		SDI:       machine.NINA_SDI,
+		SCK:       machine.NINA_SCK,
+	})
+
+	adaptor = wifinina.New(spi,
+		machine.NINA_CS,
+		machine.NINA_ACK,
+		machine.NINA_GPIO0,
+		machine.NINA_RESETN)
+	adaptor.Configure()
+
+	connectToAP()
+
+	for {
+		sendBatch()
+		time.Sleep(500 * time.Millisecond)
+	}
+	println("Done.")
+}
+
+func sendBatch() {
+
+	// make TCP connection
+	ip := net.ParseIP(serverIP)
+	raddr := &net.TCPAddr{IP: ip, Port: 8080}
+	laddr := &net.TCPAddr{Port: 8080}
+
+	message("---------------\r\nDialing TCP connection")
+	conn, err := net.DialTCP("tcp", laddr, raddr)
+	for ; err != nil; conn, err = net.DialTCP("tcp", laddr, raddr) {
+		message(err.Error())
+		time.Sleep(5 * time.Second)
+	}
+
+	n := 0
+	w := 0
+	start := time.Now()
+
+	// send data
+	message("Sending data")
+
+	for i := 0; i < 1000; i++ {
+		buf.Reset()
+		fmt.Fprint(buf,
+			"\r---------------------------- i == ", i, " ----------------------------"+
+				"\r---------------------------- i == ", i, " ----------------------------")
+		if w, err = conn.Write(buf.Bytes()); err != nil {
+			println("error:", err.Error(), "\r")
+			continue
+		}
+		n += w
+	}
+
+	buf.Reset()
+	ms := time.Now().Sub(start).Milliseconds()
+	fmt.Fprint(buf, "\nWrote ", n, " bytes in ", ms, " ms\r\n")
+	message(buf.String())
+
+	if _, err := conn.Write(buf.Bytes()); err != nil {
+		println("error:", err.Error(), "\r")
+	}
+
+	// Right now this code is never reached. Need a way to trigger it...
+	println("Disconnecting TCP...")
+	conn.Close()
+}
+
+// connect to access point
+func connectToAP() {
+	time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
+	message("Connecting to " + ssid)
+	adaptor.SetPassphrase(ssid, pass)
+	for st, _ := adaptor.GetConnectionStatus(); st != wifinina.StatusConnected; {
+		message("Connection status: " + st.String())
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+		st, _ = adaptor.GetConnectionStatus()
+	}
+	message("Connected.")
+	time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
+	ip, _, _, err := adaptor.GetIP()
+	for ; err != nil; ip, _, _, err = adaptor.GetIP() {
+		message(err.Error())
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+	}
+	message(ip.String())
+}
+
+func message(msg string) {
+	println(msg, "\r")
+}

examples/wifinina/udpstation/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+// This is a sensor station that uses a ESP32 running nina-fw over SPI.
+// It creates a UDP connection you can use to get info to/from your computer via the microcontroller.
+//
+// In other words:
+// Your computer <--> UART0 <--> MCU <--> SPI <--> ESP32
+//
+package main
+
+import (
+	"machine"
+	"strconv"
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/net"
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/wifinina"
+)
+
+// access point info
+const ssid = ""
+const pass = ""
+
+// IP address of the server aka "hub". Replace with your own info.
+const hubIP = ""
+
+var (
+	// this is the ESP chip that has the WIFININA firmware flashed on it
+	adaptor *wifinina.Device
+)
+
+func main() {
+
+	// Init esp8266/esp32
+	// Configure SPI for 8Mhz, Mode 0, MSB First
+	machine.NINA_SPI.Configure(machine.SPIConfig{
+		Frequency: 8 * 1e6,
+		SDO:       machine.NINA_SDO,
+		SDI:       machine.NINA_SDI,
+		SCK:       machine.NINA_SCK,
+	})
+
+	// these are the default pins for the Arduino Nano33 IoT.
+	// change these to connect to a different UART or pins for the ESP8266/ESP32
+	adaptor = wifinina.New(machine.NINA_SPI,
+		machine.NINA_CS,
+		machine.NINA_ACK,
+		machine.NINA_GPIO0,
+		machine.NINA_RESETN)
+	adaptor.Configure()
+
+	// connect to access point
+	connectToAP()
+
+	// now make UDP connection
+	ip := net.ParseIP(hubIP)
+	raddr := &net.UDPAddr{IP: ip, Port: 2222}
+	laddr := &net.UDPAddr{Port: 2222}
+
+	println("Dialing UDP connection...")
+	conn, _ := net.DialUDP("udp", laddr, raddr)
+
+	for {
+		// send data
+		println("Sending data...")
+		for i := 0; i < 25; i++ {
+			conn.Write([]byte("hello " + strconv.Itoa(i) + "\r\n"))
+		}
+		time.Sleep(1000 * time.Millisecond)
+	}
+
+	// Right now this code is never reached. Need a way to trigger it...
+	println("Disconnecting UDP...")
+	conn.Close()
+	println("Done.")
+}
+
+// connect to access point
+func connectToAP() {
+	time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
+	message("Connecting to " + ssid)
+	adaptor.SetPassphrase(ssid, pass)
+	for st, _ := adaptor.GetConnectionStatus(); st != wifinina.StatusConnected; {
+		message("Connection status: " + st.String())
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+		st, _ = adaptor.GetConnectionStatus()
+	}
+	message("Connected.")
+	time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
+	ip, _, _, err := adaptor.GetIP()
+	for ; err != nil; ip, _, _, err = adaptor.GetIP() {
+		message(err.Error())
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+	}
+	message(ip.String())
+}
+
+func message(msg string) {
+	println(msg, "\r")
+}

examples/wifinina/webclient/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+// This example opens a TCP connection using a device with WiFiNINA firmware
+// and sends a HTTP request to retrieve a webpage, based on the following
+// Arduino example:
+//
+// https://github.com/arduino-libraries/WiFiNINA/blob/master/examples/WiFiWebClientRepeating/
+//
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"machine"
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/net"
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/wifinina"
+)
+
+// access point info
+const ssid = ""
+const pass = ""
+
+// IP address of the server aka "hub". Replace with your own info.
+const server = "tinygo.org"
+
+// these are the default pins for the Arduino Nano33 IoT.
+// change these to connect to a different UART or pins for the ESP8266/ESP32
+var (
+
+	// these are the default pins for the Arduino Nano33 IoT.
+	uart = machine.UART2
+	tx   = machine.NINA_TX
+	rx   = machine.NINA_RX
+	spi  = machine.NINA_SPI
+
+	// this is the ESP chip that has the WIFININA firmware flashed on it
+	adaptor *wifinina.Device
+)
+
+var buf [256]byte
+
+var lastRequestTime time.Time
+var conn net.Conn
+
+func main() {
+
+	uart.Configure(machine.UARTConfig{TX: tx, RX: rx})
+
+	// Configure SPI for 8Mhz, Mode 0, MSB First
+	spi.Configure(machine.SPIConfig{
+		Frequency: 8 * 1e6,
+		SDO:       machine.NINA_SDO,
+		SDI:       machine.NINA_SDI,
+		SCK:       machine.NINA_SCK,
+	})
+
+	adaptor = wifinina.New(spi,
+		machine.NINA_CS,
+		machine.NINA_ACK,
+		machine.NINA_GPIO0,
+		machine.NINA_RESETN)
+	adaptor.Configure()
+
+	connectToAP()
+
+	for {
+		loop()
+	}
+	println("Done.")
+}
+
+func loop() {
+	if conn != nil {
+		for n, err := conn.Read(buf[:]); n > 0; n, err = conn.Read(buf[:]) {
+			if err != nil {
+				println("Read error: " + err.Error())
+			} else {
+				print(string(buf[0:n]))
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if time.Now().Sub(lastRequestTime).Milliseconds() >= 10000 {
+		makeHTTPRequest()
+	}
+}
+
+func makeHTTPRequest() {
+
+	var err error
+	if conn != nil {
+		conn.Close()
+	}
+
+	// make TCP connection
+	ip := net.ParseIP(server)
+	raddr := &net.TCPAddr{IP: ip, Port: 80}
+	laddr := &net.TCPAddr{Port: 8080}
+
+	message("\r\n---------------\r\nDialing TCP connection")
+	conn, err = net.DialTCP("tcp", laddr, raddr)
+	for ; err != nil; conn, err = net.DialTCP("tcp", laddr, raddr) {
+		message("connection failed: " + err.Error())
+		time.Sleep(5 * time.Second)
+	}
+	println("Connected!\r")
+
+	print("Sending HTTP request...")
+	fmt.Fprintln(conn, "GET / HTTP/1.1")
+	fmt.Fprintln(conn, "Host:", server)
+	fmt.Fprintln(conn, "User-Agent: TinyGo/0.10.0")
+	fmt.Fprintln(conn, "Connection: close")
+	fmt.Fprintln(conn)
+	println("Sent!\r\n\r")
+
+	lastRequestTime = time.Now()
+}
+
+func readLine(conn *net.TCPSerialConn) string {
+	println("Attempting to read...\r")
+	b := buf[:]
+	for expiry := time.Now().Unix() + 10; time.Now().Unix() > expiry; {
+		if n, err := conn.Read(b); n > 0 && err == nil {
+			return string(b[0:n])
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+// connect to access point
+func connectToAP() {
+	time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
+	message("Connecting to " + ssid)
+	adaptor.SetPassphrase(ssid, pass)
+	for st, _ := adaptor.GetConnectionStatus(); st != wifinina.StatusConnected; {
+		message("Connection status: " + st.String())
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+		st, _ = adaptor.GetConnectionStatus()
+	}
+	message("Connected.")
+	time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
+	ip, _, _, err := adaptor.GetIP()
+	for ; err != nil; ip, _, _, err = adaptor.GetIP() {
+		message(err.Error())
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+	}
+	message(ip.String())
+}
+
+func message(msg string) {
+	println(msg, "\r")
+}

examples/ws2812/arduino.go

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// +build arduino
+
+package main
+
+import "machine"
+
+// Replace neo in the code below to match the pin
+// that you are using if different.
+var neo = machine.D2

examples/ws2812/digispark.go

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+// +build digispark
+
+package main
+
+import "machine"
+
+// This is the pin assignment for the Digispark only.
+// Replace neo in the code below to match the pin
+// that you are using if different.
+var neo machine.Pin = 0

examples/ws2812/main.go

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// Connects to an WS2812 RGB LED strip with 10 LEDS, such as
-// on an Adafruit Circuit Playground Express board.
+// Connects to an WS2812 RGB LED strip with 10 LEDS.
 //
-// Replace machine.NEOPIXELS in the code below to match the pin
-// that you are using, if you have a different board.
+// See either the others.go or digispark.go files in this directory
+// for the neopixels pin assignments.
 package main
 
 import (
@@ -13,12 +12,15 @@ import (
 	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/ws2812"
 )
 
+var leds [10]color.RGBA
+
 func main() {
-	neo := machine.NEOPIXELS
+	led := machine.LED
+	led.Configure(machine.PinConfig{Mode: machine.PinOutput})
+
 	neo.Configure(machine.PinConfig{Mode: machine.PinOutput})
 
 	ws := ws2812.New(neo)
-	leds := make([]color.RGBA, 10)
 	rg := false
 
 	for {
@@ -33,7 +35,8 @@ func main() {
 			}
 		}
 
-		ws.WriteColors(leds)
+		ws.WriteColors(leds[:])
+		led.Set(rg)
 		time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
 	}
 }

examples/ws2812/others.go

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// +build !digispark,!arduino
+
+package main
+
+import "machine"
+
+// Replace neo in the code below to match the pin
+// that you are using if different.
+var neo machine.Pin = machine.NEOPIXELS

flash/devices.go

@@ -0,0 +1,448 @@
+package flash
+
+import "time"
+
+// A DeviceIdentifier can be passed to the Configure() method of a flash Device
+// in order provide a means of discovery of device-specific attributes based on
+// the JEDEC ID read from the device.
+type DeviceIdentifier interface {
+	// Identify returns an Attrs struct based on the provided JEDEC ID
+	Identify(id JedecID) Attrs
+}
+
+// DeviceIdentifierFunc is a functional Identifier implementation
+type DeviceIdentifierFunc func(id JedecID) Attrs
+
+// Identify implements the Identifier interface
+func (fn DeviceIdentifierFunc) Identify(id JedecID) Attrs {
+	return fn(id)
+}
+
+// DefaultDeviceIndentifier is a DeviceIdentifier that is capable of recognizing
+// JEDEC IDs for all of the known memory devices in this package. If you are
+// have no way to be sure about the type of memory device that might be on a
+// board you are targeting, this can be a good starting point to use.  The
+// downside of using this function is that it will prevent the compiler from
+// being able to mark any of the functions for the various devices as unused,
+// resulting in larger code size.  If code size is a concern, and if you know
+// ahead of time you are only dealing with a limited set of memory devices, it
+// might be worthwhile to use your own implementation of a DeviceIdentifier
+// that only references those devices, so that more methods are marked unused.
+var DefaultDeviceIdentifier = DeviceIdentifierFunc(func(id JedecID) Attrs {
+	switch id.Uint32() {
+	case 0x010617:
+		return S25FL064L()
+	case 0x014015:
+		return S25FL216K()
+	case 0x1F4501:
+		return AT25DF081A()
+	case 0xC22015:
+		return MX25L1606()
+	case 0xC22016:
+		return MX25L3233F()
+	case 0xC22817:
+		return MX25R6435F()
+	case 0xC84015:
+		return GD25Q16C()
+	case 0xC84017:
+		return GD25Q64C()
+	case 0xEF4015:
+		return W25Q16JVIQ()
+	case 0xEF4016:
+		return W25Q32FV()
+	case 0xEF4017:
+		return W25Q64JVIQ()
+	case 0xEF4018:
+		return W25Q128JVSQ()
+	case 0xEF6014:
+		return W25Q80DL()
+	case 0xEF6015:
+		return W25Q16FW()
+	case 0xEF6016:
+		return W25Q32BV()
+	case 0xEF7015:
+		return W25Q16JVIM()
+	case 0xEF7016:
+		return W25Q32JVIM()
+	case 0xEF7017:
+		return W25Q64JVIM()
+	case 0xEF7018:
+		return W25Q128JVPM()
+	default:
+		return Attrs{JedecID: id}
+	}
+})
+
+// Settings for the Cypress (was Spansion) S25FL064L 8MiB SPI flash.
+// Datasheet: http://www.cypress.com/file/316661/download
+func S25FL064L() Attrs {
+	return Attrs{
+		TotalSize:           1 << 23, // 8 MiB
+		StartUp:             300 * time.Microsecond,
+		JedecID:             JedecID{0x01, 0x60, 0x17},
+		MaxClockSpeedMHz:    108,
+		QuadEnableBitMask:   0x02,
+		HasSectorProtection: false,
+		SupportsFastRead:    true,
+		SupportsQSPI:        true,
+		SupportsQSPIWrites:  true,
+		WriteStatusSplit:    false,
+		SingleStatusByte:    false,
+	}
+}
+
+// Settings for the Cypress (was Spansion) S25FL116K 2MiB SPI flash.
+// Datasheet: http://www.cypress.com/file/196886/download
+func S25FL116K() Attrs {
+	return Attrs{
+		TotalSize:           1 << 21, // 2 MiB
+		StartUp:             10000 * time.Microsecond,
+		JedecID:             JedecID{0x01, 0x40, 0x15},
+		MaxClockSpeedMHz:    108,
+		QuadEnableBitMask:   0x02,
+		HasSectorProtection: false,
+		SupportsFastRead:    true,
+		SupportsQSPI:        true,
+		SupportsQSPIWrites:  false,
+		WriteStatusSplit:    false,
+		SingleStatusByte:    false,
+	}
+}
+
+// Settings for the Cypress (was Spansion) S25FL216K 2MiB SPI flash.
+// Datasheet: http://www.cypress.com/file/197346/download
+func S25FL216K() Attrs {
+	return Attrs{
+		TotalSize:           1 << 21, // 2 MiB
+		StartUp:             10000 * time.Microsecond,
+		JedecID:             JedecID{0x01, 0x40, 0x15},
+		MaxClockSpeedMHz:    65,
+		QuadEnableBitMask:   0x02,
+		HasSectorProtection: false,
+		SupportsFastRead:    true,
+		SupportsQSPI:        true,
+		SupportsQSPIWrites:  false,
+		WriteStatusSplit:    false,
+		SingleStatusByte:    false,
+	}
+}
+
+// Settings for the Adesto Tech AT25DF081A 1MiB SPI flash. Its on the SAMD21
+// Xplained board.
+// Datasheet: https://www.adestotech.com/wp-content/uploads/doc8715.pdf
+func AT25DF081A() Attrs {
+	return Attrs{
+		TotalSize:           1 << 20, // 1 MiB
+		StartUp:             10000 * time.Microsecond,
+		JedecID:             JedecID{0x1F, 0x45, 0x01},
+		MaxClockSpeedMHz:    85,
+		QuadEnableBitMask:   0x00,
+		HasSectorProtection: true,
+		SupportsFastRead:    true,
+		SupportsQSPI:        false,
+		SupportsQSPIWrites:  false,
+		WriteStatusSplit:    false,
+		SingleStatusByte:    false,
+	}
+}
+
+// Settings for the Macronix MX25L1606 2MiB SPI flash.
+// Datasheet:
+func MX25L1606() Attrs {
+	return Attrs{
+		TotalSize:           1 << 21, // 2 MiB,
+		StartUp:             5000 * time.Microsecond,
+		JedecID:             JedecID{0xC2, 0x20, 0x15},
+		MaxClockSpeedMHz:    8,
+		QuadEnableBitMask:   0x40,
+		HasSectorProtection: false,
+		SupportsFastRead:    true,
+		SupportsQSPI:        true,
+		SupportsQSPIWrites:  true,
+		WriteStatusSplit:    false,
+		SingleStatusByte:    true,
+	}
+}
+
+// Settings for the Macronix MX25L3233F 4MiB SPI flash.
+// Datasheet:
+// http://www.macronix.com/Lists/Datasheet/Attachments/7426/MX25L3233F,%203V,%2032Mb,%20v1.6.pdf
+func MX25L3233F() Attrs {
+	return Attrs{
+		TotalSize:           1 << 22, // 4 MiB
+		StartUp:             5000 * time.Microsecond,
+		JedecID:             JedecID{0xC2, 0x20, 0x16},
+		MaxClockSpeedMHz:    133,
+		QuadEnableBitMask:   0x40,
+		HasSectorProtection: false,
+		SupportsFastRead:    true,
+		SupportsQSPI:        true,
+		SupportsQSPIWrites:  true,
+		WriteStatusSplit:    false,
+		SingleStatusByte:    false,
+	}
+}
+
+// Settings for the Macronix MX25R6435F 8MiB SPI flash.
+// Datasheet:
+// http://www.macronix.com/Lists/Datasheet/Attachments/7428/MX25R6435F,%20Wide%20Range,%2064Mb,%20v1.4.pdf
+// By default its in lower power mode which can only do 8mhz. In high power mode
+// it can do 80mhz.
+func MX25R6435F() Attrs {
+	return Attrs{
+		TotalSize:           1 << 23, // 8 MiB
+		StartUp:             5000 * time.Microsecond,
+		JedecID:             JedecID{0xC2, 0x28, 0x17},
+		MaxClockSpeedMHz:    8,
+		QuadEnableBitMask:   0x40,
+		HasSectorProtection: false,
+		SupportsFastRead:    true,
+		SupportsQSPI:        true,
+		SupportsQSPIWrites:  true,
+		WriteStatusSplit:    false,
+		SingleStatusByte:    true,
+	}
+}
+
+// Settings for the Gigadevice GD25Q16C 2MiB SPI flash.
+// Datasheet: http://www.gigadevice.com/datasheet/gd25q16c/
+func GD25Q16C() Attrs {
+	return Attrs{
+		TotalSize:          1 << 21, // 2 MiB
+		StartUp:            5000 * time.Microsecond,
+		JedecID:            JedecID{0xC8, 0x40, 0x15},
+		MaxClockSpeedMHz:   104,
+		QuadEnableBitMask:  0x02,
+		SupportsFastRead:   true,
+		SupportsQSPI:       true,
+		SupportsQSPIWrites: true,
+		WriteStatusSplit:   false,
+		SingleStatusByte:   false,
+	}
+}
+
+// Settings for the Gigadevice GD25Q64C 8MiB SPI flash.
+// Datasheet: http://www.elm-tech.com/en/products/spi-flash-memory/gd25q64/gd25q64.pdf
+func GD25Q64C() Attrs {
+	return Attrs{
+		TotalSize:           1 << 23, // 8 MiB
+		StartUp:             5000 * time.Microsecond,
+		JedecID:             JedecID{0xC8, 0x40, 0x17},
+		MaxClockSpeedMHz:    104,
+		QuadEnableBitMask:   0x02,
+		HasSectorProtection: false,
+		SupportsFastRead:    true,
+		SupportsQSPI:        true,
+		SupportsQSPIWrites:  true,
+		WriteStatusSplit:    true,
+		SingleStatusByte:    false,
+	}
+}
+
+// Settings for the Winbond W25Q16JV-IQ 2MiB SPI flash. Note that JV-IM has a
+// different .memory_type (0x70) Datasheet:
+// https://www.winbond.com/resource-files/w25q16jv%20spi%20revf%2005092017.pdf
+func W25Q16JVIQ() Attrs {
+	return Attrs{
+		TotalSize:           1 << 21, // 2 MiB
+		StartUp:             5000 * time.Microsecond,
+		JedecID:             JedecID{0xEF, 0x40, 0x15},
+		MaxClockSpeedMHz:    133,
+		QuadEnableBitMask:   0x02,
+		HasSectorProtection: false,
+		SupportsFastRead:    true,
+		SupportsQSPI:        true,
+		SupportsQSPIWrites:  true,
+		WriteStatusSplit:    false,
+		SingleStatusByte:    false,
+	}
+}
+
+// Settings for the Winbond W25Q16FW 2MiB SPI flash.
+// Datasheet:
+// https://www.winbond.com/resource-files/w25q16fw%20revj%2005182017%20sfdp.pdf
+func W25Q16FW() Attrs {
+	return Attrs{
+		TotalSize:           1 << 21, // 2 MiB
+		StartUp:             5000 * time.Microsecond,
+		JedecID:             JedecID{0xEF, 0x60, 0x15},
+		MaxClockSpeedMHz:    133,
+		QuadEnableBitMask:   0x02,
+		HasSectorProtection: false,
+		SupportsFastRead:    true,
+		SupportsQSPI:        true,
+		SupportsQSPIWrites:  true,
+		WriteStatusSplit:    false,
+		SingleStatusByte:    false,
+	}
+}
+
+// Settings for the Winbond W25Q16JV-IM 2MiB SPI flash. Note that JV-IQ has a
+// different .memory_type (0x40) Datasheet:
+// https://www.winbond.com/resource-files/w25q16jv%20spi%20revf%2005092017.pdf
+func W25Q16JVIM() Attrs {
+	return Attrs{
+		TotalSize:           1 << 21, // 2 MiB
+		StartUp:             5000 * time.Microsecond,
+		JedecID:             JedecID{0xEF, 0x70, 0x15},
+		MaxClockSpeedMHz:    133,
+		QuadEnableBitMask:   0x02,
+		HasSectorProtection: false,
+		SupportsFastRead:    true,
+		SupportsQSPI:        true,
+		SupportsQSPIWrites:  true,
+		WriteStatusSplit:    false,
+		SingleStatusByte:    false,
+	}
+}
+
+// Settings for the Winbond W25Q32BV 4MiB SPI flash.
+// Datasheet:
+// https://www.winbond.com/resource-files/w25q32bv_revi_100413_wo_automotive.pdf
+func W25Q32BV() Attrs {
+	return Attrs{
+		TotalSize:           1 << 22, // 4 MiB
+		StartUp:             10000 * time.Microsecond,
+		JedecID:             JedecID{0xEF, 0x60, 0x16},
+		MaxClockSpeedMHz:    104,
+		QuadEnableBitMask:   0x02,
+		HasSectorProtection: false,
+		SupportsFastRead:    true,
+		SupportsQSPI:        true,
+		SupportsQSPIWrites:  false,
+		WriteStatusSplit:    false,
+		SingleStatusByte:    false,
+	}
+}
+
+// Settings for the Winbond W25Q32JV-IM 4MiB SPI flash.
+// Datasheet:
+// https://www.winbond.com/resource-files/w25q32jv%20revg%2003272018%20plus.pdf
+func W25Q32JVIM() Attrs {
+	return Attrs{
+		TotalSize:           1 << 22, // 4 MiB
+		StartUp:             5000 * time.Microsecond,
+		JedecID:             JedecID{0xEF, 0x70, 0x16},
+		MaxClockSpeedMHz:    133,
+		QuadEnableBitMask:   0x02,
+		HasSectorProtection: false,
+		SupportsFastRead:    true,
+		SupportsQSPI:        true,
+		SupportsQSPIWrites:  true,
+		WriteStatusSplit:    false,
+		SingleStatusByte:    false,
+	}
+}
+
+// Settings for the Winbond W25Q64JV-IM 8MiB SPI flash. Note that JV-IQ has a
+// different .memory_type (0x40) Datasheet:
+// http://www.winbond.com/resource-files/w25q64jv%20revj%2003272018%20plus.pdf
+func W25Q64JVIM() Attrs {
+	return Attrs{
+		TotalSize:           1 << 23, // 8 MiB
+		StartUp:             5000 * time.Microsecond,
+		JedecID:             JedecID{0xEF, 0x70, 0x17},
+		MaxClockSpeedMHz:    133,
+		QuadEnableBitMask:   0x02,
+		HasSectorProtection: false,
+		SupportsFastRead:    true,
+		SupportsQSPI:        true,
+		SupportsQSPIWrites:  true,
+		WriteStatusSplit:    false,
+		SingleStatusByte:    false,
+	}
+}
+
+// Settings for the Winbond W25Q64JV-IQ 8MiB SPI flash. Note that JV-IM has a
+// different .memory_type (0x70) Datasheet:
+// http://www.winbond.com/resource-files/w25q64jv%20revj%2003272018%20plus.pdf
+func W25Q64JVIQ() Attrs {
+	return Attrs{
+		TotalSize:           1 << 23, // 8 MiB
+		StartUp:             5000 * time.Microsecond,
+		JedecID:             JedecID{0xEF, 0x40, 0x17},
+		MaxClockSpeedMHz:    133,
+		QuadEnableBitMask:   0x02,
+		HasSectorProtection: false,
+		SupportsFastRead:    true,
+		SupportsQSPI:        true,
+		SupportsQSPIWrites:  true,
+		WriteStatusSplit:    false,
+		SingleStatusByte:    false,
+	}
+}
+
+// Settings for the Winbond W25Q80DL 1MiB SPI flash.
+// Datasheet:
+// https://www.winbond.com/resource-files/w25q80dv%20dl_revh_10022015.pdf
+func W25Q80DL() Attrs {
+	return Attrs{
+		TotalSize:           1 << 20, // 1 MiB
+		StartUp:             5000 * time.Microsecond,
+		JedecID:             JedecID{0xEF, 0x60, 0x14},
+		MaxClockSpeedMHz:    104,
+		QuadEnableBitMask:   0x02,
+		HasSectorProtection: false,
+		SupportsFastRead:    true,
+		SupportsQSPI:        true,
+		SupportsQSPIWrites:  false,
+		WriteStatusSplit:    false,
+		SingleStatusByte:    false,
+	}
+}
+
+// Settings for the Winbond W25Q128JV-SQ 16MiB SPI flash. Note that JV-IM has a
+// different .memory_type (0x70) Datasheet:
+// https://www.winbond.com/resource-files/w25q128jv%20revf%2003272018%20plus.pdf
+func W25Q128JVSQ() Attrs {
+	return Attrs{
+		TotalSize:           1 << 24, // 16 MiB
+		StartUp:             5000 * time.Microsecond,
+		JedecID:             JedecID{0xEF, 0x40, 0x18},
+		MaxClockSpeedMHz:    133,
+		QuadEnableBitMask:   0x02,
+		HasSectorProtection: false,
+		SupportsFastRead:    true,
+		SupportsQSPI:        true,
+		SupportsQSPIWrites:  true,
+		WriteStatusSplit:    false,
+		SingleStatusByte:    false,
+	}
+}
+
+// Settings for the Winbond W25Q128JV-PM 16MiB SPI flash. Note that JV-IM has a
+// different .memory_type (0x70) Datasheet:
+// https://www.winbond.com/resource-files/w25q128jv%20revf%2003272018%20plus.pdf
+func W25Q128JVPM() Attrs {
+	return Attrs{
+		TotalSize:           1 << 24, // 16 MiB
+		StartUp:             5000 * time.Microsecond,
+		JedecID:             JedecID{0xEF, 0x70, 0x18},
+		MaxClockSpeedMHz:    133,
+		QuadEnableBitMask:   0x02,
+		HasSectorProtection: false,
+		SupportsFastRead:    true,
+		SupportsQSPI:        true,
+		SupportsQSPIWrites:  true,
+		WriteStatusSplit:    false,
+		SingleStatusByte:    false,
+	}
+}
+
+// Settings for the Winbond W25Q32FV 4MiB SPI flash.
+// Datasheet:http://www.winbond.com/resource-files/w25q32fv%20revj%2006032016.pdf?__locale=en
+func W25Q32FV() Attrs {
+	return Attrs{
+		TotalSize:           1 << 22, // 4 MiB
+		StartUp:             5000 * time.Microsecond,
+		JedecID:             JedecID{0xEF, 0x40, 0x16},
+		MaxClockSpeedMHz:    104,
+		QuadEnableBitMask:   0x00,
+		HasSectorProtection: false,
+		SupportsFastRead:    true,
+		SupportsQSPI:        false,
+		SupportsQSPIWrites:  false,
+		WriteStatusSplit:    false,
+		SingleStatusByte:    false,
+	}
+}

flash/flash.go

@@ -0,0 +1,407 @@
+package flash
+
+import (
+	"time"
+)
+
+const (
+	// BlockSize is the number of bytes in a block for most/all NOR flash memory
+	BlockSize = 64 * 1024
+
+	// SectorSize is the number of bytes in a sector for most/all NOR flash memory
+	SectorSize = 4 * 1024
+
+	// PageSize is the number of bytes in a page for most/all NOR flash memory
+	PageSize = 256
+)
+
+// Device represents a NOR flash memory device accessible using SPI
+type Device struct {
+	trans transport
+	attrs Attrs
+}
+
+// DeviceConfig contains the parameters that can be set when configuring a
+// flash memory device.
+type DeviceConfig struct {
+	Identifier DeviceIdentifier
+}
+
+// JedecID encapsules the ID values that unique identify a flash memory device.
+type JedecID struct {
+	ManufID  uint8
+	MemType  uint8
+	Capacity uint8
+}
+
+// Uint32 returns the JEDEC ID packed into a uint32
+func (id JedecID) Uint32() uint32 {
+	return uint32(id.ManufID)<<16 | uint32(id.MemType)<<8 | uint32(id.Capacity)
+}
+
+// SerialNumber represents a serial number read from a flash memory device
+type SerialNumber uint64
+
+// Attrs represent the differences in hardware characteristics and capabilities
+// of various SPI flash memory devices.
+type Attrs struct {
+
+	// TotalSize is the number of bytes that the flash device can store
+	TotalSize uint32
+
+	// StartUp is the duration of time between when the device is reset and when
+	// it is ready to operation
+	StartUp time.Duration
+
+	// Three response bytes to 0x9f JEDEC ID command.
+	JedecID
+
+	// Max clock speed for all operations and the fastest read mode.
+	MaxClockSpeedMHz uint8
+
+	// Bitmask for Quad Enable bit if present. 0x00 otherwise. This is for the
+	// highest byte in the status register.
+	QuadEnableBitMask uint8
+
+	HasSectorProtection bool
+
+	// Supports the 0x0b fast read command with 8 dummy cycles.
+	SupportsFastRead bool
+
+	// Supports the fast read, quad output command 0x6b with 8 dummy cycles.
+	SupportsQSPI bool
+
+	// Supports the quad input page program command 0x32. This is known as 1-1-4
+	// because it only uses all four lines for data.
+	SupportsQSPIWrites bool
+
+	// Requires a separate command 0x31 to write to the second byte of the status
+	// register. Otherwise two byte are written via 0x01.
+	WriteStatusSplit bool
+
+	// True when the status register is a single byte. This implies the Quad
+	// Enable bit is in the first byte and the Read Status Register 2 command
+	// (0x35) is unsupported.
+	SingleStatusByte bool
+}
+
+// Configure sets up the device and the underlying transport mechanism.  The
+// DeviceConfig argument allows the caller to specify an instance of the
+// DeviceIdentifier interface that, if provided, will be used to retrieve the
+// attributes of the device based on the JEDEC ID.
+func (dev *Device) Configure(config *DeviceConfig) (err error) {
+
+	dev.trans.configure(config)
+
+	var id JedecID
+	if id, err = dev.ReadJEDEC(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// try to ascertain the vendor-specific attributes of the chip using the
+	// provided Identifier
+	if config.Identifier != nil {
+		dev.attrs = config.Identifier.Identify(id)
+	} else {
+		dev.attrs = Attrs{JedecID: id}
+	}
+
+	// We don't know what state the flash is in so wait for any remaining
+	// writes and then reset.
+
+	// The write in progress bit should be low.
+	for s, err := dev.ReadStatus(); (s & 0x01) > 0; s, err = dev.ReadStatus() {
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	// The suspended write/erase bit should be low.
+	for s, err := dev.ReadStatus2(); (s & 0x80) > 0; s, err = dev.ReadStatus2() {
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	// perform device reset
+	if err := dev.trans.runCommand(cmdEnableReset); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := dev.trans.runCommand(cmdReset); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// Wait for the reset - 30us by default
+	time.Sleep(30 * time.Microsecond)
+
+	// Speed up to max device frequency
+	// I propose a check here for max frequency, but not put that functionality directly into the driver.
+	// Either that or we have to change the signature of the SPI interface in the machine package itself.
+	if dev.attrs.MaxClockSpeedMHz > 0 {
+		err := dev.trans.setClockSpeed(uint32(dev.attrs.MaxClockSpeedMHz) * 1e6)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Enable Quad Mode if available
+	if dev.trans.supportQuadMode() && dev.attrs.QuadEnableBitMask > 0 {
+		// Verify that QSPI mode is enabled.
+		var status byte
+		if dev.attrs.SingleStatusByte {
+			status, err = dev.ReadStatus()
+		} else {
+			status, err = dev.ReadStatus2()
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		// Check and set the quad enable bit.
+		if status&dev.attrs.QuadEnableBitMask == 0 {
+			if err := dev.WriteEnable(); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			fullStatus := []byte{0x00, dev.attrs.QuadEnableBitMask}
+			if dev.attrs.WriteStatusSplit {
+				err = dev.trans.writeCommand(cmdWriteStatus2, fullStatus[1:])
+			} else if dev.attrs.SingleStatusByte {
+				err = dev.trans.writeCommand(cmdWriteStatus, fullStatus[1:])
+			} else {
+				err = dev.trans.writeCommand(cmdWriteStatus, fullStatus)
+			}
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// disable sector protection if the chip has it
+	if dev.attrs.HasSectorProtection {
+		if err := dev.WriteEnable(); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if err := dev.trans.writeCommand(cmdWriteStatus, []byte{0x00}); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	// write disable
+	if err := dev.trans.runCommand(cmdWriteDisable); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return dev.WaitUntilReady()
+}
+
+// Attrs returns the attributes of the device determined from the most recent
+// call to Configure(). If no call to Configure() has been made, this will be
+// the zero value of the Attrs struct.
+func (dev *Device) Attrs() Attrs {
+	return dev.attrs
+}
+
+// ReadJEDEC reads the JEDEC ID from the device; this ID can then be used to
+// ascertain the attributes of the chip from a list of known devices.
+func (dev *Device) ReadJEDEC() (JedecID, error) {
+	jedecID := make([]byte, 3)
+	if err := dev.trans.readCommand(cmdReadJedecID, jedecID); err != nil {
+		return JedecID{}, err
+	}
+	return JedecID{jedecID[0], jedecID[1], jedecID[2]}, nil
+}
+
+// ReadSerialNumber reads the serial numbers from the connected device.
+// TODO: maybe check if byte order / endianess is correct, probably is not
+func (dev *Device) ReadSerialNumber() (SerialNumber, error) {
+	sn := make([]byte, 12)
+	if err := dev.trans.readCommand(0x4B, sn); err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	return SerialNumber(uint64(sn[11]) | uint64(sn[10])<<0x8 |
+		uint64(sn[9])<<0x10 | uint64(sn[8])<<0x18 | uint64(sn[7])<<0x20 |
+		uint64(sn[6])<<0x28 | uint64(sn[5])<<0x30 | uint64(sn[4])<<0x38), nil
+}
+
+// Size returns the size of this memory, in bytes.
+func (dev *Device) Size() int64 {
+	if dev.attrs.TotalSize < 1 {
+		// in case a DeviceIdentifier function wasn't used, use the capacity
+		// specified in the JEDEC ID instead
+		return int64(dev.attrs.Capacity)
+	}
+	return int64(dev.attrs.TotalSize)
+}
+
+// ReadAt satisfies the io.ReaderAt interface, and fills the provided buffer
+// with memory read from the device starting at the provided address.
+func (dev *Device) ReadAt(buf []byte, addr int64) (int, error) {
+	if err := dev.WaitUntilReady(); err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	if err := dev.trans.readMemory(uint32(addr), buf); err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	return len(buf), nil
+}
+
+// WriteAt satisfies the io.WriterAt interface and writes data to the device,
+// one page at a time, starting at the provided address. This method assumes
+// that the destination is already erased.
+func (dev *Device) WriteAt(buf []byte, addr int64) (n int, err error) {
+	remain := uint32(len(buf))
+	idx := uint32(0)
+	loc := uint32(addr)
+	for remain > 0 {
+		if err = dev.WaitUntilReady(); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		if err = dev.WriteEnable(); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		leftOnPage := PageSize - (loc & (PageSize - 1))
+		toWrite := remain
+		if leftOnPage < remain {
+			toWrite = leftOnPage
+		}
+		if err = dev.trans.writeMemory(loc, buf[idx:idx+toWrite]); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		idx += toWrite
+		loc += toWrite
+		remain -= toWrite
+	}
+	return len(buf) - int(remain), nil
+}
+
+// WriteBlockSize returns the block size in which data can be written to
+// memory. It can be used by a client to optimize writes, non-aligned writes
+// should always work correctly.
+// For SPI NOR flash this is the page size, usually/always 256.
+func (dev *Device) WriteBlockSize() int64 {
+	return PageSize
+}
+
+// EraseBlockSize returns the smallest erasable area on this particular chip
+// in bytes. This is used for the block size in EraseBlocks.
+// For SPI NOR flash this is the sector size, usually/always 4096.
+func (dev *Device) EraseBlockSize() int64 {
+	return SectorSize
+}
+
+// EraseBlocks erases the given number of blocks. An implementation may
+// transparently coalesce ranges of blocks into larger bundles if the chip
+// supports this. The start and len parameters are in block numbers, use
+// EraseBlockSize to map addresses to blocks.
+func (dev *Device) EraseBlocks(start, len int64) error {
+	// TODO: maybe combine sector erase operations into block erase operations
+	for i := start; i < start+len; i++ {
+		if err := dev.EraseSector(uint32(i)); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (dev *Device) WriteEnable() error {
+	return dev.trans.runCommand(cmdWriteEnable)
+}
+
+// EraseBlock erases a block of memory at the specified index
+func (dev *Device) EraseBlock(blockNumber uint32) error {
+	if err := dev.WaitUntilReady(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := dev.WriteEnable(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return dev.trans.eraseCommand(cmdEraseBlock, blockNumber*BlockSize)
+}
+
+// EraseSector erases a sector of memory at the given index
+func (dev *Device) EraseSector(sectorNumber uint32) error {
+	if err := dev.WaitUntilReady(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := dev.WriteEnable(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return dev.trans.eraseCommand(cmdEraseSector, sectorNumber*SectorSize)
+}
+
+// EraseChip erases the entire flash memory chip
+func (dev *Device) EraseAll() error {
+	if err := dev.WaitUntilReady(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := dev.WriteEnable(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return dev.trans.runCommand(cmdEraseChip)
+}
+
+// ReadStatus reads the value from status register 1 of the device
+func (dev *Device) ReadStatus() (status byte, err error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 1)
+	err = dev.trans.readCommand(cmdReadStatus, buf)
+	return buf[0], err
+}
+
+// ReadStatus2 reads the value from status register 2 of the device
+func (dev *Device) ReadStatus2() (status byte, err error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 1)
+	err = dev.trans.readCommand(cmdReadStatus2, buf)
+	return buf[0], err
+}
+
+// WaitUntilReady queries the status register until the device is ready for the
+// next operation.
+func (dev *Device) WaitUntilReady() error {
+	expire := time.Now().UnixNano() + int64(1*time.Second)
+	for s, err := dev.ReadStatus(); (s & 0x03) > 0; s, err = dev.ReadStatus() {
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if time.Now().UnixNano() > expire {
+			return ErrWaitExpired
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+const (
+	cmdRead            = 0x03 // read memory using single-bit transfer
+	cmdQuadRead        = 0x6B // read with 1 line address, 4 line data
+	cmdReadJedecID     = 0x9F // read the JEDEC ID from the device
+	cmdPageProgram     = 0x02 // write a page of memory using single-bit transfer
+	cmdQuadPageProgram = 0x32 // write with 1 line address, 4 line data
+	cmdReadStatus      = 0x05 // read status register 1
+	cmdReadStatus2     = 0x35 // read status register 2
+	cmdWriteStatus     = 0x01 // write status register 1
+	cmdWriteStatus2    = 0x31 // write status register 2
+	cmdEnableReset     = 0x66 // enable reset
+	cmdReset           = 0x99 // perform reset
+	cmdWriteEnable     = 0x06 // write-enable memory
+	cmdWriteDisable    = 0x04 // write-protect memory
+	cmdEraseSector     = 0x20 // erase a sector of memory
+	cmdEraseBlock      = 0xD8 // erase a block of memory
+	cmdEraseChip       = 0xC7 // erase the entire chip
+)
+
+type Error uint8
+
+const (
+	_                          = iota
+	ErrInvalidClockSpeed Error = iota
+	ErrInvalidAddrRange
+	ErrWaitExpired
+)
+
+func (err Error) Error() string {
+	switch err {
+	case ErrInvalidClockSpeed:
+		return "flash: invalid clock speed"
+	case ErrInvalidAddrRange:
+		return "flash: invalid address range"
+	case ErrWaitExpired:
+		return "flash: wait until ready expired"
+	default:
+		return "flash: unspecified error"
+	}
+}

flash/transport_qspi_samd.go

@@ -0,0 +1,247 @@
+// +build atsamd51
+
+package flash
+
+import (
+	"device/sam"
+	"machine"
+	"runtime/volatile"
+	"unsafe"
+)
+
+// NewQSPI returns a pointer to a flash device that uses the QSPI peripheral to
+// communicate with a serial memory chip.
+func NewQSPI(cs, sck, d0, d1, d2, d3 machine.Pin) *Device {
+	return &Device{
+		trans: &qspiTransport{
+			cs:  cs,
+			sck: sck,
+			d0:  d0,
+			d1:  d1,
+			d2:  d2,
+			d3:  d3,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+// QSPI address space on SAMD51 is 0x04000000 to 0x05000000
+const (
+	// Low address of the QSPI address space on SAMD51
+	qspi_AHB_LO = 0x04000000
+
+	// High address of the QSPI address space on SAMD51
+	qspi_AHB_HI = 0x05000000
+
+	// Instruction frame for running sending a command to the device
+	iframeRunCommand = 0x0 |
+		sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_WIDTH_SINGLE_BIT_SPI |
+		sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_ADDRLEN_24BITS |
+		sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_INSTREN |
+		(sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_TFRTYPE_READ << sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_TFRTYPE_Pos)
+
+	// Instruction frame for running a command that returns data
+	iframeReadCommand = 0x0 |
+		sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_WIDTH_SINGLE_BIT_SPI |
+		sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_ADDRLEN_24BITS |
+		sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_INSTREN |
+		sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_DATAEN |
+		(sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_TFRTYPE_READ << sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_TFRTYPE_Pos)
+
+	// Instruction frame to set up the device to read from memory
+	iframeReadMemory = 0x0 |
+		sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_WIDTH_QUAD_OUTPUT |
+		sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_ADDRLEN_24BITS |
+		sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_INSTREN |
+		sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_DATAEN |
+		sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_ADDREN |
+		(8 << sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_DUMMYLEN_Pos) |
+		(sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_TFRTYPE_READMEMORY << sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_TFRTYPE_Pos)
+
+	// Instruction frame for running a command that requires parameter data
+	iframeWriteCommand = 0x0 |
+		sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_WIDTH_SINGLE_BIT_SPI |
+		sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_ADDRLEN_24BITS |
+		sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_INSTREN |
+		(sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_TFRTYPE_WRITE << sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_TFRTYPE_Pos)
+
+	// Instruction frame to set up the device for writing to memory
+	iframeWriteMemory = 0x0 |
+		sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_WIDTH_QUAD_OUTPUT |
+		sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_ADDRLEN_24BITS |
+		sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_INSTREN |
+		sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_ADDREN |
+		sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_DATAEN |
+		(sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_TFRTYPE_WRITEMEMORY << sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_TFRTYPE_Pos)
+
+	// Instruction frame for running an erase command that requires and address
+	iframeEraseCommand = 0x0 |
+		sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_WIDTH_SINGLE_BIT_SPI |
+		sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_ADDRLEN_24BITS |
+		sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_INSTREN |
+		sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_ADDREN |
+		(sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_TFRTYPE_WRITE << sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_TFRTYPE_Pos)
+)
+
+type qspiTransport struct {
+	cs  machine.Pin
+	sck machine.Pin
+	d0  machine.Pin
+	d1  machine.Pin
+	d2  machine.Pin
+	d3  machine.Pin
+}
+
+func (q qspiTransport) configure(config *DeviceConfig) {
+
+	// enable main clocks
+	sam.MCLK.APBCMASK.SetBits(sam.MCLK_APBCMASK_QSPI_)
+	sam.MCLK.AHBMASK.SetBits(sam.MCLK_AHBMASK_QSPI_)
+	sam.MCLK.AHBMASK.ClearBits(sam.MCLK_AHBMASK_QSPI_2X_)
+
+	sam.QSPI.CTRLA.SetBits(sam.QSPI_CTRLA_SWRST)
+
+	// enable all pins to be PinCom
+	q.d0.Configure(machine.PinConfig{Mode: machine.PinCom})
+	q.d1.Configure(machine.PinConfig{Mode: machine.PinCom})
+	q.d2.Configure(machine.PinConfig{Mode: machine.PinCom})
+	q.d3.Configure(machine.PinConfig{Mode: machine.PinCom})
+	q.cs.Configure(machine.PinConfig{Mode: machine.PinCom})
+	q.sck.Configure(machine.PinConfig{Mode: machine.PinCom})
+
+	// start out with 4Mhz
+	// can ignore the error, 4Mhz is always a valid speed
+	_ = q.setClockSpeed(4e6)
+
+	// configure the CTRLB register
+	sam.QSPI.CTRLB.Set(sam.QSPI_CTRLB_MODE_MEMORY |
+		(sam.QSPI_CTRLB_DATALEN_8BITS << sam.QSPI_CTRLB_DATALEN_Pos) |
+		(sam.QSPI_CTRLB_CSMODE_LASTXFER << sam.QSPI_CTRLB_CSMODE_Pos))
+
+	// enable the peripheral
+	sam.QSPI.CTRLA.SetBits(sam.QSPI_CTRLA_ENABLE)
+}
+
+func (q qspiTransport) supportQuadMode() bool {
+	return true
+}
+
+func (q qspiTransport) setClockSpeed(hz uint32) error {
+	// The clock speed for the QSPI peripheral is controlled by a divider, so
+	// we can't set the requested speed exactly. Instead we will increment the
+	// divider until the speed is less than or equal to the speed requested.
+	for div, freq := uint32(1), machine.CPUFrequency(); div < 256; div++ {
+		if freq/div <= hz {
+			sam.QSPI.BAUD.Set(div << sam.QSPI_BAUD_BAUD_Pos)
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+	return ErrInvalidClockSpeed
+}
+
+func (q qspiTransport) runCommand(cmd byte) (err error) {
+	q.runInstruction(cmd, iframeRunCommand)
+	q.endTransfer()
+	return
+}
+
+func (q qspiTransport) readCommand(cmd byte, buf []byte) (err error) {
+	q.disableAndClearCache()
+	q.runInstruction(cmd, iframeReadCommand)
+	q.readInto(buf, 0)
+	q.endTransfer()
+	q.enableCache()
+	return
+}
+
+func (q qspiTransport) readMemory(addr uint32, buf []byte) (err error) {
+	if (addr + uint32(len(buf))) > (qspi_AHB_HI - qspi_AHB_LO) {
+		return ErrInvalidAddrRange
+	}
+	q.disableAndClearCache()
+	q.runInstruction(cmdQuadRead, iframeReadMemory)
+	q.readInto(buf, addr)
+	q.endTransfer()
+	q.enableCache()
+	return
+}
+
+func (q qspiTransport) writeCommand(cmd byte, data []byte) (err error) {
+	var dataen uint32
+	if len(data) > 0 {
+		dataen = sam.QSPI_INSTRFRAME_DATAEN
+	}
+	q.disableAndClearCache()
+	q.runInstruction(cmd, iframeWriteCommand|dataen)
+	q.writeFrom(data, 0)
+	q.endTransfer()
+	q.enableCache()
+	return
+}
+
+func (q qspiTransport) writeMemory(addr uint32, data []byte) (err error) {
+	if (addr + uint32(len(data))) > (qspi_AHB_HI - qspi_AHB_LO) {
+		return ErrInvalidAddrRange
+	}
+	q.disableAndClearCache()
+	q.runInstruction(cmdQuadPageProgram, iframeWriteMemory)
+	q.writeFrom(data, addr)
+	q.endTransfer()
+	q.enableCache()
+	return
+}
+
+func (q qspiTransport) eraseCommand(cmd byte, addr uint32) (err error) {
+	q.disableAndClearCache()
+	sam.QSPI.INSTRADDR.Set(addr)
+	q.runInstruction(cmd, iframeEraseCommand)
+	q.endTransfer()
+	q.enableCache()
+	return
+}
+
+func (q qspiTransport) runInstruction(cmd byte, iframe uint32) {
+	sam.QSPI.INSTRCTRL.Set(uint32(cmd))
+	sam.QSPI.INSTRFRAME.Set(iframe)
+	sam.QSPI.INSTRFRAME.Get() // dummy read for synchronization, as per datasheet
+}
+
+func (q qspiTransport) enableCache() {
+	sam.CMCC.CTRL.SetBits(sam.CMCC_CTRL_CEN)
+}
+
+func (q qspiTransport) disableAndClearCache() {
+	sam.CMCC.CTRL.ClearBits(sam.CMCC_CTRL_CEN)
+	for sam.CMCC.SR.HasBits(sam.CMCC_SR_CSTS) {
+	}
+	sam.CMCC.MAINT0.SetBits(sam.CMCC_MAINT0_INVALL)
+}
+
+func (q qspiTransport) endTransfer() {
+	sam.QSPI.CTRLA.Set(sam.QSPI_CTRLA_ENABLE | sam.QSPI_CTRLA_LASTXFER)
+	for !sam.QSPI.INTFLAG.HasBits(sam.QSPI_INTFLAG_INSTREND) {
+	}
+	sam.QSPI.INTFLAG.Set(sam.QSPI_INTFLAG_INSTREND)
+}
+
+func (q qspiTransport) readInto(buf []byte, addr uint32) {
+	var ptr = qspi_AHB_LO + uintptr(addr)
+	for i := range buf {
+		buf[i] = volatile.LoadUint8((*uint8)(unsafe.Pointer(ptr)))
+		ptr++
+	}
+	/* // NB(bcg): for some reason this reads data that results from commands in
+	   // a different byte order than the loop above, but works fine for reading
+	   // from memory. Oddly, the above loop seems to work fine in both cases.
+		ln := len(buf)
+		sl := (*[1 << 28]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(uintptr(qspi_AHB_LO + addr)))[:ln:ln]
+		copy(buf, sl)
+	*/
+}
+
+func (q qspiTransport) writeFrom(buf []byte, addr uint32) {
+	var ptr = qspi_AHB_LO + uintptr(addr)
+	for i := range buf {
+		volatile.StoreUint8((*uint8)(unsafe.Pointer(ptr)), buf[i])
+		ptr++
+	}
+}