[DO NOT MERGE] testing Windows CI failures

cgo: support function-like macros
This is needed for code like this: #define __WASI_ERRNO_INVAL (UINT16_C(28)) #define EINVAL __WASI_ERRNO_INVAL
2026-07-26 22:58:41 +00:00 · 2024-11-19 11:09:48 +01:00 · 2024-11-18 18:35:20 +01:00 · 2024-11-18 18:35:20 +01:00 · 2024-11-18 17:14:55 +01:00 · 2024-11-18 16:42:14 +01:00
217 changed files with 7780 additions and 1638 deletions
@@ -90,6 +90,8 @@ commands:
              name: Check Go code formatting
              command: make fmt-check lint
      - run: make gen-device -j4
+      # TODO: change this to -skip='TestErrors|TestWasm' with Go 1.20
+      - run: go test -tags=llvm<<parameters.llvm>> -short -run='TestBuild|TestTest|TestGetList|TestTraceback'
      - run: make smoketest XTENSA=0
      - save_cache:
          key: go-cache-v4-{{ checksum "go.mod" }}-{{ .Environment.CIRCLE_BUILD_NUM }}
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# These are supported funding model platforms
+
+open_collective: tinygo
@@ -16,24 +16,28 @@ jobs:
    name: build-macos
    strategy:
      matrix:
-        # macos-12: amd64 (oldest supported version as of 05-02-2024)
+        # macos-13: amd64 (oldest supported version as of 18-10-2024)
        # macos-14: arm64 (oldest arm64 version)
-        os: [macos-12, macos-14]
+        os: [macos-13, macos-14]
        include:
-          - os: macos-12
+          - os: macos-13
            goarch: amd64
          - os: macos-14
            goarch: arm64
    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
    steps:
+      - name: exit early
+        run: command-does-not-exist
      - name: Install Dependencies
-        shell: bash
        run: |
          HOMEBREW_NO_AUTO_UPDATE=1 brew install qemu binaryen
      - name: Checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          submodules: true
+      - name: Extract TinyGo version
+        id: version
+        run: ./.github/workflows/tinygo-extract-version.sh | tee -a "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
      - name: Install Go
        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
        with:
@@ -72,7 +76,6 @@ jobs:
          path: llvm-build
      - name: Build LLVM
        if: steps.cache-llvm-build.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
-        shell: bash
        run: |
          # fetch LLVM source
          rm -rf llvm-project
@@ -100,15 +103,13 @@ jobs:
      - name: make gen-device
        run: make -j3 gen-device
      - name: Test TinyGo
-        shell: bash
        run: make test GOTESTFLAGS="-short"
      - name: Build TinyGo release tarball
        run: make release -j3
      - name: Test stdlib packages
        run: make tinygo-test
      - name: Make release artifact
-        shell: bash
-        run: cp -p build/release.tar.gz build/tinygo.darwin-${{ matrix.goarch }}.tar.gz
+        run: cp -p build/release.tar.gz build/tinygo${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}.darwin-${{ matrix.goarch }}.tar.gz
      - name: Publish release artifact
        # Note: this release artifact is double-zipped, see:
        # https://github.com/actions/upload-artifact/issues/39
@@ -118,10 +119,9 @@ jobs:
        # We're doing the former here, to keep artifact uploads fast.
        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
-          name: darwin-${{ matrix.goarch }}-double-zipped
-          path: build/tinygo.darwin-${{ matrix.goarch }}.tar.gz
+          name: darwin-${{ matrix.goarch }}-double-zipped-${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}
+          path: build/tinygo${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}.darwin-${{ matrix.goarch }}.tar.gz
      - name: Smoke tests
-        shell: bash
        run: make smoketest TINYGO=$(PWD)/build/tinygo
  test-macos-homebrew:
    name: homebrew-install
@@ -130,6 +130,8 @@ jobs:
      matrix:
        version: [16, 17, 18]
    steps:
+      - name: exit early
+        run: command-does-not-exist
      - name: Set up Homebrew
        uses: Homebrew/actions/setup-homebrew@master
      - name: Fix Python symlinks
@@ -19,7 +19,11 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    container:
      image: golang:1.23-alpine
+    outputs:
+      version: ${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}
    steps:
+      - name: exit early
+        run: command-does-not-exist
      - name: Install apk dependencies
        # tar: needed for actions/cache@v4
        # git+openssh: needed for checkout (I think?)
@@ -32,6 +36,9 @@ jobs:
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          submodules: true
+      - name: Extract TinyGo version
+        id: version
+        run: ./.github/workflows/tinygo-extract-version.sh | tee -a "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
      - name: Cache Go
        uses: actions/cache@v4
        with:
@@ -120,15 +127,15 @@ jobs:
      - name: Build TinyGo release
        run: |
          make release deb -j3 STATIC=1
-          cp -p build/release.tar.gz /tmp/tinygo.linux-amd64.tar.gz
-          cp -p build/release.deb    /tmp/tinygo_amd64.deb
+          cp -p build/release.tar.gz /tmp/tinygo${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}.linux-amd64.tar.gz
+          cp -p build/release.deb    /tmp/tinygo_${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}_amd64.deb
      - name: Publish release artifact
        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
-          name: linux-amd64-double-zipped
+          name: linux-amd64-double-zipped-${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}
          path: |
-            /tmp/tinygo.linux-amd64.tar.gz
-            /tmp/tinygo_amd64.deb
+            /tmp/tinygo${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}.linux-amd64.tar.gz
+            /tmp/tinygo_${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}_amd64.deb
  test-linux-build:
    # Test the binaries built in the build-linux job by running the smoke tests.
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
@@ -152,11 +159,11 @@ jobs:
      - name: Download release artifact
        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
        with:
-          name: linux-amd64-double-zipped
+          name: linux-amd64-double-zipped-${{ needs.build-linux.outputs.version }}
      - name: Extract release tarball
        run: |
          mkdir -p ~/lib
-          tar -C ~/lib -xf tinygo.linux-amd64.tar.gz
+          tar -C ~/lib -xf tinygo${{ needs.build-linux.outputs.version }}.linux-amd64.tar.gz
          ln -s ~/lib/tinygo/bin/tinygo ~/go/bin/tinygo
      - run: make tinygo-test-wasip1-fast
      - run: make tinygo-test-wasip2-fast
@@ -166,6 +173,8 @@ jobs:
    # potential bugs.
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
+      - name: exit early
+        run: command-does-not-exist
      - name: Checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
@@ -297,6 +306,9 @@ jobs:
    steps:
      - name: Checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Get TinyGo version
+        id: version
+        run: ./.github/workflows/tinygo-extract-version.sh | tee -a "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
      - name: Install apt dependencies
        run: |
          sudo apt-get update
@@ -381,11 +393,11 @@ jobs:
      - name: Download amd64 release
        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
        with:
-          name: linux-amd64-double-zipped
+          name: linux-amd64-double-zipped-${{ needs.build-linux.outputs.version }}
      - name: Extract amd64 release
        run: |
          mkdir -p build/release
-          tar -xf tinygo.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C build/release tinygo
+          tar -xf tinygo${{ needs.build-linux.outputs.version }}.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C build/release tinygo
      - name: Modify release
        run: |
          cp -p build/tinygo   build/release/tinygo/bin
@@ -393,12 +405,12 @@ jobs:
      - name: Create ${{ matrix.goarch }} release
        run: |
          make release deb RELEASEONLY=1 DEB_ARCH=${{ matrix.libc }}
-          cp -p build/release.tar.gz /tmp/tinygo.linux-${{ matrix.goarch }}.tar.gz
-          cp -p build/release.deb    /tmp/tinygo_${{ matrix.libc }}.deb
+          cp -p build/release.tar.gz /tmp/tinygo${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}.linux-${{ matrix.goarch }}.tar.gz
+          cp -p build/release.deb    /tmp/tinygo_${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}_${{ matrix.libc }}.deb
      - name: Publish release artifact
        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
-          name: linux-${{ matrix.goarch }}-double-zipped
+          name: linux-${{ matrix.goarch }}-double-zipped-${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}
          path: |
-            /tmp/tinygo.linux-${{ matrix.goarch }}.tar.gz
-            /tmp/tinygo_${{ matrix.libc }}.deb
+            /tmp/tinygo${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}.linux-${{ matrix.goarch }}.tar.gz
+            /tmp/tinygo_${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}_${{ matrix.libc }}.deb
@@ -15,6 +15,13 @@ jobs:
  nix-test:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
+      - name: exit early
+        run: command-does-not-exist
+      - name: Uninstall system LLVM
+        # Hack to work around issue where we still include system headers for
+        # some reason.
+        # See: https://github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/pull/4516#issuecomment-2416363668
+        run: sudo apt-get remove llvm-18
      - name: Checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Pull musl
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@ jobs:
    permissions:
      pull-requests: write
    steps:
+      - name: exit early
+        run: command-does-not-exist
      # Prepare, install tools
      - name: Add GOBIN to $PATH
        run: |
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+# Extract the version string from the source code, to be stored in a variable.
+grep 'const version' goenv/version.go | sed 's/^const version = "\(.*\)"$/version=\1/g'
@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@ concurrency:
 jobs:
  build-windows:
    runs-on: windows-2022
+    outputs:
+      version: ${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}
    steps:
      - name: Configure pagefile
        uses: al-cheb/configure-pagefile-action@v1.4
@@ -21,22 +23,30 @@ jobs:
          minimum-size: 8GB
          maximum-size: 24GB
          disk-root: "C:"
-      - uses: brechtm/setup-scoop@v2
-        with:
-          scoop_update: 'false'
-      - name: Install Dependencies
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          scoop install ninja binaryen
+      #- uses: brechtm/setup-scoop@v2
+      #  with:
+      #    scoop_update: 'false'
+      #- name: Install Dependencies
+      #  shell: bash
+      #  run: |
+      #    scoop install ninja binaryen
      - name: Checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          submodules: true
-      - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
-        with:
-          go-version: '1.23'
-          cache: true
+      - name: submodules
+        shell: bash
+        run: git submodule update --init lib/mingw-w64
+      - name: Extract TinyGo version
+        id: version
+        shell: bash
+        run: ./.github/workflows/tinygo-extract-version.sh | tee -a "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+      - name: command
+        shell: bash
+        run: go env
+      #- name: Install Go
+      #  uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      #  with:
+      #    go-version: '1.23'
+      #    cache: true
      - name: Restore cached LLVM source
        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
        id: cache-llvm-source
@@ -85,6 +95,25 @@ jobs:
        with:
          key: ${{ steps.cache-llvm-build.outputs.cache-primary-key }}
          path: llvm-build
+      - name: Restore Go cache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          key: go-cache-v2
+          path: |
+            C:/Users/runneradmin/AppData/Local/go-build
+            C:/Users/runneradmin/go/pkg/mod
+      - name: Test TinyGo
+        shell: bash
+        run: make test GOTESTFLAGS="-short -run=TestBuild -v"
+      - name: Save Go cache
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        with:
+          key: go-cache-v2
+          path: |
+            C:/Users/runneradmin/AppData/Local/go-build
+            C:/Users/runneradmin/go/pkg/mod
+      - name: exit
+        run: command-does-not-exist
      - name: Cache wasi-libc sysroot
        uses: actions/cache@v4
        id: cache-wasi-libc
@@ -99,16 +128,13 @@ jobs:
          scoop install wasmtime@14.0.4
      - name: make gen-device
        run: make -j3 gen-device
-      - name: Test TinyGo
-        shell: bash
-        run: make test GOTESTFLAGS="-short"
      - name: Build TinyGo release tarball
        shell: bash
        run: make build/release -j4
      - name: Make release artifact
        shell: bash
        working-directory: build/release
-        run: 7z -tzip a release.zip tinygo
+        run: 7z -tzip a tinygo${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}.windows-amd64.zip tinygo
      - name: Publish release artifact
        # Note: this release artifact is double-zipped, see:
        # https://github.com/actions/upload-artifact/issues/39
@@ -118,8 +144,8 @@ jobs:
        # We're doing the former here, to keep artifact uploads fast.
        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
-          name: windows-amd64-double-zipped
-          path: build/release/release.zip
+          name: windows-amd64-double-zipped-${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}
+          path: build/release/tinygo${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}.windows-amd64.zip

  smoke-test-windows:
    runs-on: windows-2022
@@ -148,12 +174,12 @@ jobs:
      - name: Download TinyGo build
        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
        with:
-          name: windows-amd64-double-zipped
+          name: windows-amd64-double-zipped-${{ needs.build-windows.outputs.version }}
          path: build/
      - name: Unzip TinyGo build
        shell: bash
        working-directory: build
-        run: 7z x release.zip -r
+        run: 7z x tinygo*.windows-amd64.zip -r
      - name: Smoke tests
        shell: bash
        run: make smoketest TINYGO=$(PWD)/build/tinygo/bin/tinygo
@@ -178,12 +204,12 @@ jobs:
      - name: Download TinyGo build
        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
        with:
-          name: windows-amd64-double-zipped
+          name: windows-amd64-double-zipped-${{ needs.build-windows.outputs.version }}
          path: build/
      - name: Unzip TinyGo build
        shell: bash
        working-directory: build
-        run: 7z x release.zip -r
+        run: 7z x tinygo*.windows-amd64.zip -r
      - name: Test stdlib packages
        run: make tinygo-test TINYGO=$(PWD)/build/tinygo/bin/tinygo

@@ -214,11 +240,11 @@ jobs:
      - name: Download TinyGo build
        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
        with:
-          name: windows-amd64-double-zipped
+          name: windows-amd64-double-zipped-${{ needs.build-windows.outputs.version }}
          path: build/
      - name: Unzip TinyGo build
        shell: bash
        working-directory: build
-        run: 7z x release.zip -r
+        run: 7z x tinygo*.windows-amd64.zip -r
      - name: Test stdlib packages on wasip1
        run: make tinygo-test-wasip1-fast TINYGO=$(PWD)/build/tinygo/bin/tinygo
@@ -1,3 +1,53 @@
+0.34.0
+---
+* **general**
+  - fix `GOOS=wasip1` for `tinygo test`
+  - add `-C DIR` flag
+  - add initial documentation for project governance
+  - add `-ldflags='-extldflags=...'` support
+  - improve usage message with `tinygo help` and when passing invalid parameters
+* **compiler**
+  - `builder`: remove environment variables when invoking Clang, to avoid the environment changing the behavior
+  - `builder`: check for the Go toolchain version used to compile TinyGo
+  - `cgo`: add `C.CBytes` implementation
+  - `compiler`: fix passing weirdly-padded structs as parameters to new goroutines
+  - `compiler`: support pragmas on generic functions
+  - `compiler`: do not let the slice buffer escape when casting a `[]byte` or `[]rune` to a string, to help escape analysis
+  - `compiler`: conform to the latest iteration of the wasm types proposal
+  - `loader`: don't panic when main package is not named 'main'
+  - `loader`: make sure we always return type checker errors even without type errors
+  - `transform`: optimize range over `[]byte(string)`
+* **standard library**
+  - `crypto/x509`: add package stub to build crypto/x509 on macOS
+  - `machine/usb/adc/midi`: fix `PitchBend`
+  - `os`: add `Truncate` stub for baremetal
+  - `os`: add stubs for `os.File` deadlines
+  - `os`: add internal `net.newUnixFile` for the net package
+  - `runtime`: stub runtime_{Before,After}Exec for linkage
+  - `runtime`: randomize map accesses
+  - `runtime`: support `maps.Clone`
+  - `runtime`: add more fields to `MemStats`
+  - `runtime`: implement newcoro, coroswitch to support package iter
+  - `runtime`: disallow defer in interrupts
+  - `runtime`: add support for os/signal on Linux and MacOS
+  - `runtime`: add gc layout info for some basic types to help the precise GC
+  - `runtime`: bump GC mark stack size to avoid excessive heap rescans
+* **targets**
+  - `darwin`: use Go standard library syscall package instead of a custom one
+  - `fe310`: support GPIO `PinInput`
+  - `mips`: fix compiler crash with GOMIPS=softfloat and defer
+  - `mips`: add big-endian (GOARCH=mips) support
+  - `mips`: use MIPS32 (instead of MIPS32R2) as the instruction set for wider compatibility
+  - `wasi`: add relative and absolute --dir options to wasmtime args
+  - `wasip2`: add wasmtime -S args to support network interfaces
+  - `wasm`: add `//go:wasmexport` support (for all WebAssembly targets)
+  - `wasm`: use precise instead of conservative GC for WebAssembly (including WASI)
+  - `wasm-unknown`: add bulk memory flags since basically every runtime has it now
+* **boards**
+  - add RAKwireless RAK4631
+  - add WaveShare ESP-C3-32S-Kit
+
+
 0.33.0
 ---

@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ gen-device: gen-device-stm32
 endif

 gen-device-avr:
-	@if [ ! -e lib/avr/README.md ]; then echo "Submodules have not been downloaded. Please download them using:\n  git submodule update --init"; exit 1; fi
+	#@if [ ! -e lib/avr/README.md ]; then echo "Submodules have not been downloaded. Please download them using:\n  git submodule update --init"; exit 1; fi
 	$(GO) build -o ./build/gen-device-avr ./tools/gen-device-avr/
 	./build/gen-device-avr lib/avr/packs/atmega src/device/avr/
 	./build/gen-device-avr lib/avr/packs/tiny src/device/avr/
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ endif
 .PHONY: wasi-libc
 wasi-libc: lib/wasi-libc/sysroot/lib/wasm32-wasi/libc.a
 lib/wasi-libc/sysroot/lib/wasm32-wasi/libc.a:
-	@if [ ! -e lib/wasi-libc/Makefile ]; then echo "Submodules have not been downloaded. Please download them using:\n  git submodule update --init"; exit 1; fi
+	#@if [ ! -e lib/wasi-libc/Makefile ]; then echo "Submodules have not been downloaded. Please download them using:\n  git submodule update --init"; exit 1; fi
 	cd lib/wasi-libc && $(MAKE) -j4 EXTRA_CFLAGS="-O2 -g -DNDEBUG -mnontrapping-fptoint -msign-ext" MALLOC_IMPL=none CC="$(CLANG)" AR=$(LLVM_AR) NM=$(LLVM_NM)

 # Generate WASI syscall bindings
@@ -291,9 +291,9 @@ endif

 tinygo: ## Build the TinyGo compiler
 	@if [ ! -f "$(LLVM_BUILDDIR)/bin/llvm-config" ]; then echo "Fetch and build LLVM first by running:"; echo "  $(MAKE) llvm-source"; echo "  $(MAKE) $(LLVM_BUILDDIR)"; exit 1; fi
-	CGO_CPPFLAGS="$(CGO_CPPFLAGS)" CGO_CXXFLAGS="$(CGO_CXXFLAGS)" CGO_LDFLAGS="$(CGO_LDFLAGS)" $(GOENVFLAGS) $(GO) build -buildmode exe -o build/tinygo$(EXE) -tags "byollvm osusergo" -ldflags="-X github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/goenv.GitSha1=`git rev-parse --short HEAD`" .
-test: wasi-libc check-nodejs-version
-	CGO_CPPFLAGS="$(CGO_CPPFLAGS)" CGO_CXXFLAGS="$(CGO_CXXFLAGS)" CGO_LDFLAGS="$(CGO_LDFLAGS)" $(GO) test $(GOTESTFLAGS) -timeout=20m -buildmode exe -tags "byollvm osusergo" $(GOTESTPKGS)
+	CGO_CPPFLAGS="$(CGO_CPPFLAGS)" CGO_CXXFLAGS="$(CGO_CXXFLAGS)" CGO_LDFLAGS="$(CGO_LDFLAGS)" $(GOENVFLAGS) $(GO) build -buildmode exe -o build/tinygo$(EXE) -tags "byollvm osusergo" .
+test: #wasi-libc check-nodejs-version
+	CGO_CPPFLAGS="$(CGO_CPPFLAGS)" CGO_CXXFLAGS="$(CGO_CXXFLAGS)" CGO_LDFLAGS="$(CGO_LDFLAGS)" $(GO) test $(GOTESTFLAGS) -timeout=1h -race -buildmode exe -tags "byollvm osusergo" .

 # Standard library packages that pass tests on darwin, linux, wasi, and windows, but take over a minute in wasi
 TEST_PACKAGES_SLOW = \
@@ -303,26 +303,34 @@ TEST_PACKAGES_SLOW = \

 # Standard library packages that pass tests quickly on darwin, linux, wasi, and windows
 TEST_PACKAGES_FAST = \
+	cmp \
 	compress/lzw \
 	compress/zlib \
 	container/heap \
 	container/list \
 	container/ring \
 	crypto/des \
+	crypto/ecdsa \
+	crypto/elliptic \
 	crypto/md5 \
 	crypto/rc4 \
 	crypto/sha1 \
 	crypto/sha256 \
 	crypto/sha512 \
+	database/sql/driver \
 	debug/macho \
 	embed/internal/embedtest \
 	encoding \
 	encoding/ascii85 \
+	encoding/asn1 \
 	encoding/base32 \
 	encoding/base64 \
 	encoding/csv \
 	encoding/hex \
+	go/ast \
+	go/format \
 	go/scanner \
+	go/version \
 	hash \
 	hash/adler32 \
 	hash/crc64 \
@@ -357,11 +365,17 @@ endif
 # archive/zip requires os.ReadAt, which is not yet supported on windows
 # bytes requires mmap
 # compress/flate appears to hang on wasi
+# crypto/aes fails on wasi, needs panic()/recover()
 # crypto/hmac fails on wasi, it exits with a "slice out of range" panic
 # debug/plan9obj requires os.ReadAt, which is not yet supported on windows
 # image requires recover(), which is not yet supported on wasi
 # io/ioutil requires os.ReadDir, which is not yet supported on windows or wasi
+# mime: fail on wasi; neds panic()/recover()
+# mime/multipart: needs wasip1 syscall.FDFLAG_NONBLOCK
 # mime/quotedprintable requires syscall.Faccessat
+# net/mail: needs wasip1  syscall.FDFLAG_NONBLOCK
+# net/ntextproto: needs wasip1 syscall.FDFLAG_NONBLOCK
+# regexp/syntax: fails on wasip1; needs panic()/recover()
 # strconv requires recover() which is not yet supported on wasi
 # text/tabwriter requires recover(), which is not yet supported on wasi
 # text/template/parse requires recover(), which is not yet supported on wasi
@@ -371,14 +385,20 @@ endif
 TEST_PACKAGES_LINUX := \
 	archive/zip \
 	compress/flate \
+	crypto/aes \
 	crypto/hmac \
 	debug/dwarf \
 	debug/plan9obj \
 	image \
 	io/ioutil \
+	mime \
+	mime/multipart \
 	mime/quotedprintable \
 	net \
+	net/mail \
+	net/textproto \
 	os/user \
+	regexp/syntax \
 	strconv \
 	text/tabwriter \
 	text/template/parse
@@ -483,8 +503,17 @@ tinygo-baremetal:
 	# regression test for #2666: e.g. encoding/hex must pass on baremetal
 	$(TINYGO) test -target cortex-m-qemu encoding/hex

+.PHONY: testchdir
+testchdir:
+	# test 'build' command with{,out} -C argument
+	$(TINYGO) build -C tests/testing/chdir chdir.go && rm tests/testing/chdir/chdir
+	$(TINYGO) build ./tests/testing/chdir/chdir.go && rm chdir
+	# test 'run' command with{,out} -C argument
+	EXPECT_DIR=$(PWD)/tests/testing/chdir $(TINYGO) run -C tests/testing/chdir chdir.go
+	EXPECT_DIR=$(PWD) $(TINYGO) run ./tests/testing/chdir/chdir.go
+
 .PHONY: smoketest
-smoketest:
+smoketest: testchdir
 	$(TINYGO) version
 	$(TINYGO) targets > /dev/null
 	# regression test for #2892
@@ -806,12 +835,20 @@ ifneq ($(XTENSA), 0)
 	$(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.bin -target mch2022             examples/machinetest
 	@$(MD5SUM) test.bin
 endif
+	$(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.bin -target=esp-c3-32s-kit      examples/blinky1
+	@$(MD5SUM) test.bin
 	$(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.bin -target=qtpy-esp32c3        examples/machinetest
 	@$(MD5SUM) test.bin
 	$(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.bin -target=m5stamp-c3          examples/machinetest
 	@$(MD5SUM) test.bin
 	$(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.bin -target=xiao-esp32c3        examples/machinetest
 	@$(MD5SUM) test.bin
+	$(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.bin -target=esp32-c3-devkit-rust-1 examples/blinky1
+	@$(MD5SUM) test.bin
+	$(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.bin -target=esp32c3-12f         examples/blinky1
+	@$(MD5SUM) test.bin
+	$(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.bin -target=makerfabs-esp32c3spi35 examples/machinetest
+	@$(MD5SUM) test.bin
 	$(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.hex -target=hifive1b            examples/blinky1
 	@$(MD5SUM) test.hex
 	$(TINYGO) build -size short -o test.hex -target=maixbit             examples/blinky1
@@ -889,6 +926,7 @@ endif
 	@cp -rp lib/musl/src/env             build/release/tinygo/lib/musl/src
 	@cp -rp lib/musl/src/errno           build/release/tinygo/lib/musl/src
 	@cp -rp lib/musl/src/exit            build/release/tinygo/lib/musl/src
+	@cp -rp lib/musl/src/fcntl           build/release/tinygo/lib/musl/src
 	@cp -rp lib/musl/src/include         build/release/tinygo/lib/musl/src
 	@cp -rp lib/musl/src/internal        build/release/tinygo/lib/musl/src
 	@cp -rp lib/musl/src/legacy          build/release/tinygo/lib/musl/src
@@ -904,6 +942,7 @@ endif
 	@cp -rp lib/musl/src/thread          build/release/tinygo/lib/musl/src
 	@cp -rp lib/musl/src/time            build/release/tinygo/lib/musl/src
 	@cp -rp lib/musl/src/unistd          build/release/tinygo/lib/musl/src
+	@cp -rp lib/musl/src/process         build/release/tinygo/lib/musl/src
 	@cp -rp lib/mingw-w64/mingw-w64-crt/def-include                 build/release/tinygo/lib/mingw-w64/mingw-w64-crt
 	@cp -rp lib/mingw-w64/mingw-w64-crt/lib-common/api-ms-win-crt-* build/release/tinygo/lib/mingw-w64/mingw-w64-crt/lib-common
 	@cp -rp lib/mingw-w64/mingw-w64-crt/lib-common/kernel32.def.in  build/release/tinygo/lib/mingw-w64/mingw-w64-crt/lib-common
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+TinyGo Team Members
+===================
+
+The team of humans who maintain TinyGo.
+
+*   **Purpose**: To maintain the community, code, documentation, and tools for the TinyGo compiler.
+*   **Board**: The group of people who share responsibility for key decisions for the TinyGo organization.  
+    *   **Majority Voting**: The board makes decisions by majority vote.
+    *   **Membership**: The board elects its own members.
+*   **Do-ocracy**: Those who step forward to do a given task propose how it should be done. Then other interested people can make comments.
+*   **Proof of Work**: Power in decision-making is slightly weighted based on a participant's labor for the community.
+*   **Initiation**: We need to establish a procedure for how people join the team of maintainers.
+*   **Transparency**: Important information should be made publicly available, ideally in a way that allows for public comment.
+*   **Code of Conduct**: Participants agree to abide by the current project Code of Conduct.
+
+## Members
+
+* Ayke van Laethem (@aykevl)
+* Daniel Esteban (@conejoninja)
+* Ron Evans (@deadprogram)
+* Damian Gryski (@dgryski)
+* Masaaki Takasago (@sago35)
+* Patricio Whittingslow (@soypat)
+* Yurii Soldak (@ysoldak)
+
+## Experimental
+
+*   **Monthly Meeting**: A monthly meeting for the team and any other interested participants.  
+    Duration: 1 hour  
+    Facilitation: @deadprogram
+    Schedule: See https://github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/wiki/Meetings for more information
+
@@ -197,6 +197,7 @@ func Build(pkgName, outpath, tmpdir string, config *compileopts.Config) (BuildRe
 		ABI:             config.ABI(),
 		GOOS:            config.GOOS(),
 		GOARCH:          config.GOARCH(),
+		BuildMode:       config.BuildMode(),
 		CodeModel:       config.CodeModel(),
 		RelocationModel: config.RelocationModel(),
 		SizeLevel:       sizeLevel,
@@ -649,6 +650,13 @@ func Build(pkgName, outpath, tmpdir string, config *compileopts.Config) (BuildRe
 	result.Binary = result.Executable // final file
 	ldflags := append(config.LDFlags(), "-o", result.Executable)

+	if config.Options.BuildMode == "c-shared" {
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(config.Triple(), "wasm32-") {
+			return result, fmt.Errorf("buildmode c-shared is only supported on wasm at the moment")
+		}
+		ldflags = append(ldflags, "--no-entry")
+	}
+
 	// Add compiler-rt dependency if needed. Usually this is a simple load from
 	// a cache.
 	if config.Target.RTLib == "compiler-rt" {
@@ -823,19 +831,13 @@ func Build(pkgName, outpath, tmpdir string, config *compileopts.Config) (BuildRe
 					args = append(args, "--asyncify")
 				}

-				exeunopt := result.Executable
-
-				if config.Options.Work {
-					// Keep the work direction around => don't overwrite the .wasm binary with the optimized version
-					exeunopt += ".pre-wasm-opt"
-					os.Rename(result.Executable, exeunopt)
-				}
-
+				inputFile := result.Binary
+				result.Binary = result.Executable + ".wasmopt"
 				args = append(args,
 					opt,
 					"-g",
-					exeunopt,
-					"--output", result.Executable,
+					inputFile,
+					"--output", result.Binary,
 				)

 				wasmopt := goenv.Get("WASMOPT")
@@ -865,13 +867,15 @@ func Build(pkgName, outpath, tmpdir string, config *compileopts.Config) (BuildRe

 				// wasm-tools component embed -w wasi:cli/command
 				// 		$$(tinygo env TINYGOROOT)/lib/wasi-cli/wit/ main.wasm -o embedded.wasm
+				componentEmbedInputFile := result.Binary
+				result.Binary = result.Executable + ".wasm-component-embed"
 				args := []string{
 					"component",
 					"embed",
 					"-w", witWorld,
 					witPackage,
-					result.Executable,
-					"-o", result.Executable,
+					componentEmbedInputFile,
+					"-o", result.Binary,
 				}

 				wasmtools := goenv.Get("WASMTOOLS")
@@ -884,15 +888,17 @@ func Build(pkgName, outpath, tmpdir string, config *compileopts.Config) (BuildRe

 				err := cmd.Run()
 				if err != nil {
-					return fmt.Errorf("wasm-tools failed: %w", err)
+					return fmt.Errorf("`wasm-tools component embed` failed: %w", err)
 				}

 				// wasm-tools component new embedded.wasm -o component.wasm
+				componentNewInputFile := result.Binary
+				result.Binary = result.Executable + ".wasm-component-new"
 				args = []string{
 					"component",
 					"new",
-					result.Executable,
-					"-o", result.Executable,
+					componentNewInputFile,
+					"-o", result.Binary,
 				}

 				if config.Options.PrintCommands != nil {
@@ -904,7 +910,7 @@ func Build(pkgName, outpath, tmpdir string, config *compileopts.Config) (BuildRe

 				err = cmd.Run()
 				if err != nil {
-					return fmt.Errorf("wasm-tools failed: %w", err)
+					return fmt.Errorf("`wasm-tools component new` failed: %w", err)
 				}
 			}

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package builder
 import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"os"
 	"os/exec"
 	"runtime"
 	"strings"
@@ -76,14 +75,3 @@ func LookupCommand(name string) (string, error) {
 	}
 	return "", errors.New("none of these commands were found in your $PATH: " + strings.Join(commands[name], " "))
 }
-
-func execCommand(name string, args ...string) error {
-	name, err := LookupCommand(name)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	cmd := exec.Command(name, args...)
-	cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
-	cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
-	return cmd.Run()
-}
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package builder

 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"runtime"

 	"github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/compileopts"
 	"github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/goenv"
@@ -23,20 +24,37 @@ func NewConfig(options *compileopts.Options) (*compileopts.Config, error) {
 		spec.OpenOCDCommands = options.OpenOCDCommands
 	}

-	major, minor, err := goenv.GetGorootVersion()
+	// Version range supported by TinyGo.
+	const minorMin = 19
+	const minorMax = 23
+
+	// Check that we support this Go toolchain version.
+	gorootMajor, gorootMinor, err := goenv.GetGorootVersion()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	if major != 1 || minor < 19 || minor > 23 {
+	if gorootMajor != 1 || gorootMinor < minorMin || gorootMinor > minorMax {
 		// Note: when this gets updated, also update the Go compatibility matrix:
 		// https://github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo-site/blob/dev/content/docs/reference/go-compat-matrix.md
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("requires go version 1.19 through 1.23, got go%d.%d", major, minor)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("requires go version 1.19 through 1.23, got go%d.%d", gorootMajor, gorootMinor)
+	}
+
+	// Check that the Go toolchain version isn't too new, if we haven't been
+	// compiled with the latest Go version.
+	// This may be a bit too aggressive: if the newer version doesn't change the
+	// Go language we will most likely be able to compile it.
+	buildMajor, buildMinor, _, err := goenv.Parse(runtime.Version())
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if buildMajor != 1 || buildMinor < gorootMinor {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot compile with Go toolchain version go%d.%d (TinyGo was built using toolchain version %s)", gorootMajor, gorootMinor, runtime.Version())
 	}

 	return &compileopts.Config{
 		Options:        options,
 		Target:         spec,
-		GoMinorVersion: minor,
+		GoMinorVersion: gorootMinor,
 		TestConfig:     options.TestConfig,
 	}, nil
 }
@@ -17,14 +17,6 @@ import (
 // concurrency or performance issues.
 const jobRunnerDebug = false

-type jobState uint8
-
-const (
-	jobStateQueued   jobState = iota // not yet running
-	jobStateRunning                  // running
-	jobStateFinished                 // finished running
-)
-
 // compileJob is a single compiler job, comparable to a single Makefile target.
 // It is used to orchestrate various compiler tasks that can be run in parallel
 // but that have dependencies and thus have limitations in how they can be run.
@@ -55,12 +47,11 @@ func dummyCompileJob(result string) *compileJob {
 // ordered as such in the job dependencies.
 func runJobs(job *compileJob, sema chan struct{}) error {
 	if sema == nil {
-		// Have a default, if the semaphore isn't set. This is useful for
-		// tests.
+		// Have a default, if the semaphore isn't set. This is useful for tests.
 		sema = make(chan struct{}, runtime.NumCPU())
 	}
 	if cap(sema) == 0 {
-		return errors.New("cannot 0 jobs at a time")
+		return errors.New("cannot run 0 jobs at a time")
 	}

 	// Create a slice of jobs to run, where all dependencies are run in order.
@@ -81,10 +72,10 @@ func runJobs(job *compileJob, sema chan struct{}) error {

 	waiting := make(map[*compileJob]map[*compileJob]struct{}, len(jobs))
 	dependents := make(map[*compileJob][]*compileJob, len(jobs))
-	jidx := make(map[*compileJob]int)
+	compileJobs := make(map[*compileJob]int)
 	var ready intHeap
 	for i, job := range jobs {
-		jidx[job] = i
+		compileJobs[job] = i
 		if len(job.dependencies) == 0 {
 			// This job is ready to run.
 			ready.Push(i)
@@ -105,8 +96,7 @@ func runJobs(job *compileJob, sema chan struct{}) error {
 	// Create a channel to accept notifications of completion.
 	doneChan := make(chan *compileJob)

-	// Send each job in the jobs slice to a worker, taking care of job
-	// dependencies.
+	// Send each job in the jobs slice to a worker, taking care of job dependencies.
 	numRunningJobs := 0
 	var totalTime time.Duration
 	start := time.Now()
@@ -156,7 +146,7 @@ func runJobs(job *compileJob, sema chan struct{}) error {
 			delete(wait, completed)
 			if len(wait) == 0 {
 				// This job is now ready to run.
-				ready.Push(jidx[j])
+				ready.Push(compileJobs[j])
 				delete(waiting, j)
 			}
 		}
@@ -116,6 +116,7 @@ var libMusl = Library{
 			"env/*.c",
 			"errno/*.c",
 			"exit/*.c",
+			"fcntl/*.c",
 			"internal/defsysinfo.c",
 			"internal/libc.c",
 			"internal/syscall_ret.c",
@@ -128,6 +129,7 @@ var libMusl = Library{
 			"mman/*.c",
 			"math/*.c",
 			"multibyte/*.c",
+			"signal/" + arch + "/*.s",
 			"signal/*.c",
 			"stdio/*.c",
 			"string/*.c",
@@ -135,12 +137,20 @@ var libMusl = Library{
 			"thread/*.c",
 			"time/*.c",
 			"unistd/*.c",
+			"process/*.c",
 		}
+
 		if arch == "arm" {
 			// These files need to be added to the start for some reason.
 			globs = append([]string{"thread/arm/*.c"}, globs...)
 		}

+		if arch != "aarch64" && arch != "mips" {
+			//aarch64 and mips have no architecture specific code, either they
+			// are not supported or don't need any?
+			globs = append([]string{"process/" + arch + "/*.s"}, globs...)
+		}
+
 		var sources []string
 		seenSources := map[string]struct{}{}
 		basepath := goenv.Get("TINYGOROOT") + "/lib/musl/src/"
@@ -41,9 +41,9 @@ func TestBinarySize(t *testing.T) {
 	// This is a small number of very diverse targets that we want to test.
 	tests := []sizeTest{
 		// microcontrollers
-		{"hifive1b", "examples/echo", 4484, 280, 0, 2252},
-		{"microbit", "examples/serial", 2732, 388, 8, 2256},
-		{"wioterminal", "examples/pininterrupt", 6016, 1484, 116, 6816},
+		{"hifive1b", "examples/echo", 4600, 280, 0, 2268},
+		{"microbit", "examples/serial", 2908, 388, 8, 2272},
+		{"wioterminal", "examples/pininterrupt", 6140, 1484, 116, 6832},

 		// TODO: also check wasm. Right now this is difficult, because
 		// wasm binaries are run through wasm-opt and therefore the
@@ -14,16 +14,45 @@ import (

 // runCCompiler invokes a C compiler with the given arguments.
 func runCCompiler(flags ...string) error {
+	// Find the right command to run Clang.
+	var cmd *exec.Cmd
 	if hasBuiltinTools {
 		// Compile this with the internal Clang compiler.
-		cmd := exec.Command(os.Args[0], append([]string{"clang"}, flags...)...)
-		cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
-		cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
-		return cmd.Run()
+		cmd = exec.Command(os.Args[0], append([]string{"clang"}, flags...)...)
+	} else {
+		// Compile this with an external invocation of the Clang compiler.
+		name, err := LookupCommand("clang")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		cmd = exec.Command(name, flags...)
 	}

-	// Compile this with an external invocation of the Clang compiler.
-	return execCommand("clang", flags...)
+	cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
+	cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
+
+	// Make sure the command doesn't use any environmental variables.
+	// Most importantly, it should not use C_INCLUDE_PATH and the like.
+	cmd.Env = []string{}
+
+	// Let some environment variables through. One important one is the
+	// temporary directory, especially on Windows it looks like Clang breaks if
+	// the temporary directory has not been set.
+	// See: https://github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/issues/4557
+	// Also see: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/blob/release/18.x/llvm/lib/Support/Unix/Path.inc#L1435
+	for _, env := range os.Environ() {
+		// We could parse the key and look it up in a map, but since there are
+		// only a few keys iterating through them is easier and maybe even
+		// faster.
+		for _, prefix := range []string{"TMPDIR=", "TMP=", "TEMP=", "TEMPDIR="} {
+			if strings.HasPrefix(env, prefix) {
+				cmd.Env = append(cmd.Env, env)
+				break
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return cmd.Run()
 }

 // link invokes a linker with the given name and flags.
@@ -162,6 +162,13 @@ func __GoBytes(unsafe.Pointer, uintptr) []byte
 func GoBytes(ptr unsafe.Pointer, length C.int) []byte {
 	return C.__GoBytes(ptr, uintptr(length))
 }
+
+//go:linkname C.__CBytes runtime.cgo_CBytes
+func __CBytes([]byte) unsafe.Pointer
+
+func CBytes(b []byte) unsafe.Pointer {
+	return C.__CBytes(b)
+}
 `

 // Process extracts `import "C"` statements from the AST, parses the comment
@@ -218,7 +225,7 @@ func Process(files []*ast.File, dir, importPath string, fset *token.FileSet, cfl
 		switch decl := decl.(type) {
 		case *ast.FuncDecl:
 			switch decl.Name.Name {
-			case "CString", "GoString", "GoStringN", "__GoStringN", "GoBytes", "__GoBytes":
+			case "CString", "GoString", "GoStringN", "__GoStringN", "GoBytes", "__GoBytes", "CBytes", "__CBytes":
 				// Adjust the name to have a "C." prefix so it is correctly
 				// resolved.
 				decl.Name.Name = "C." + decl.Name.Name
@@ -1141,7 +1148,7 @@ func (f *cgoFile) getASTDeclName(name string, found clangCursor, iscall bool) st
 	if alias := cgoAliases["C."+name]; alias != "" {
 		return alias
 	}
-	node := f.getASTDeclNode(name, found, iscall)
+	node := f.getASTDeclNode(name, found)
 	if node, ok := node.(*ast.FuncDecl); ok {
 		if !iscall {
 			return node.Name.Name + "$funcaddr"
@@ -1153,7 +1160,7 @@ func (f *cgoFile) getASTDeclName(name string, found clangCursor, iscall bool) st

 // getASTDeclNode will declare the given C AST node (if not already defined) and
 // returns it.
-func (f *cgoFile) getASTDeclNode(name string, found clangCursor, iscall bool) ast.Node {
+func (f *cgoFile) getASTDeclNode(name string, found clangCursor) ast.Node {
 	if node, ok := f.defined[name]; ok {
 		// Declaration was found in the current file, so return it immediately.
 		return node
@@ -54,8 +54,72 @@ func init() {
 }

 // parseConst parses the given string as a C constant.
-func parseConst(pos token.Pos, fset *token.FileSet, value string) (ast.Expr, *scanner.Error) {
-	t := newTokenizer(pos, fset, value)
+func parseConst(pos token.Pos, fset *token.FileSet, value string, params []ast.Expr, callerPos token.Pos, f *cgoFile) (ast.Expr, *scanner.Error) {
+	t := newTokenizer(pos, fset, value, f)
+
+	// If params is non-nil (could be a zero length slice), this const is
+	// actually a function-call like expression from another macro.
+	// This means we have to parse a string like "(a, b) (a+b)".
+	// We do this by parsing the parameters at the start and then treating the
+	// following like a normal constant expression.
+	if params != nil {
+		// Parse opening paren.
+		if t.curToken != token.LPAREN {
+			return nil, unexpectedToken(t, token.LPAREN)
+		}
+		t.Next()
+
+		// Parse parameters (identifiers) and closing paren.
+		var paramIdents []string
+		for i := 0; ; i++ {
+			if i == 0 && t.curToken == token.RPAREN {
+				// No parameters, break early.
+				t.Next()
+				break
+			}
+
+			// Read the parameter name.
+			if t.curToken != token.IDENT {
+				return nil, unexpectedToken(t, token.IDENT)
+			}
+			paramIdents = append(paramIdents, t.curValue)
+			t.Next()
+
+			// Read the next token: either a continuation (comma) or end of list
+			// (rparen).
+			if t.curToken == token.RPAREN {
+				// End of parameter list.
+				t.Next()
+				break
+			} else if t.curToken == token.COMMA {
+				// Comma, so there will be another parameter name.
+				t.Next()
+			} else {
+				return nil, &scanner.Error{
+					Pos: t.fset.Position(t.curPos),
+					Msg: "unexpected token " + t.curToken.String() + " inside macro parameters, expected ',' or ')'",
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Report an error if there is a mismatch in parameter length.
+		// The error is reported at the location of the closing paren from the
+		// caller location.
+		if len(params) != len(paramIdents) {
+			return nil, &scanner.Error{
+				Pos: t.fset.Position(callerPos),
+				Msg: fmt.Sprintf("unexpected number of parameters: expected %d, got %d", len(paramIdents), len(params)),
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Assign values to the parameters.
+		// These parameter names are closer in 'scope' than other identifiers so
+		// will be used first when parsing an identifier.
+		for i, name := range paramIdents {
+			t.params[name] = params[i]
+		}
+	}
+
 	expr, err := parseConstExpr(t, precedenceLowest)
 	t.Next()
 	if t.curToken != token.EOF {
@@ -96,6 +160,68 @@ func parseConstExpr(t *tokenizer, precedence int) (ast.Expr, *scanner.Error) {
 }

 func parseIdent(t *tokenizer) (ast.Expr, *scanner.Error) {
+	// If the identifier is one of the parameters of this function-like macro,
+	// use the parameter value.
+	if val, ok := t.params[t.curValue]; ok {
+		return val, nil
+	}
+
+	if t.f != nil {
+		// Check whether this identifier is actually a macro "call" with
+		// parameters. In that case, we should parse the parameters and pass it
+		// on to a new invocation of parseConst.
+		if t.peekToken == token.LPAREN {
+			if cursor, ok := t.f.names[t.curValue]; ok && t.f.isFunctionLikeMacro(cursor) {
+				// We know the current and peek tokens (the peek one is the '('
+				// token). So skip ahead until the current token is the first
+				// unknown token.
+				t.Next()
+				t.Next()
+
+				// Parse the list of parameters until ')' (rparen) is found.
+				params := []ast.Expr{}
+				for i := 0; ; i++ {
+					if i == 0 && t.curToken == token.RPAREN {
+						break
+					}
+					x, err := parseConstExpr(t, precedenceLowest)
+					if err != nil {
+						return nil, err
+					}
+					params = append(params, x)
+					t.Next()
+					if t.curToken == token.COMMA {
+						t.Next()
+					} else if t.curToken == token.RPAREN {
+						break
+					} else {
+						return nil, &scanner.Error{
+							Pos: t.fset.Position(t.curPos),
+							Msg: "unexpected token " + t.curToken.String() + ", ',' or ')'",
+						}
+					}
+				}
+
+				// Evaluate the macro value and use it as the identifier value.
+				rparen := t.curPos
+				pos, text := t.f.getMacro(cursor)
+				return parseConst(pos, t.fset, text, params, rparen, t.f)
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Normally the name is something defined in the file (like another
+		// macro) which we get the declaration from using getASTDeclName.
+		// This ensures that names that are only referenced inside a macro are
+		// still getting defined.
+		if cursor, ok := t.f.names[t.curValue]; ok {
+			return &ast.Ident{
+				NamePos: t.curPos,
+				Name:    t.f.getASTDeclName(t.curValue, cursor, false),
+			}, nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	// t.f is nil during testing. This is a fallback.
 	return &ast.Ident{
 		NamePos: t.curPos,
 		Name:    "C." + t.curValue,
@@ -164,21 +290,25 @@ func unexpectedToken(t *tokenizer, expected token.Token) *scanner.Error {

 // tokenizer reads C source code and converts it to Go tokens.
 type tokenizer struct {
+	f                   *cgoFile
 	curPos, peekPos     token.Pos
 	fset                *token.FileSet
 	curToken, peekToken token.Token
 	curValue, peekValue string
 	buf                 string
+	params              map[string]ast.Expr
 }

 // newTokenizer initializes a new tokenizer, positioned at the first token in
 // the string.
-func newTokenizer(start token.Pos, fset *token.FileSet, buf string) *tokenizer {
+func newTokenizer(start token.Pos, fset *token.FileSet, buf string, f *cgoFile) *tokenizer {
 	t := &tokenizer{
+		f:         f,
 		peekPos:   start,
 		fset:      fset,
 		buf:       buf,
 		peekToken: token.ILLEGAL,
+		params:    make(map[string]ast.Expr),
 	}
 	// Parse the first two tokens (cur and peek).
 	t.Next()
@@ -230,7 +360,7 @@ func (t *tokenizer) Next() {
 			t.peekValue = t.buf[:2]
 			t.buf = t.buf[2:]
 			return
-		case c == '(' || c == ')' || c == '+' || c == '-' || c == '*' || c == '/' || c == '%' || c == '&' || c == '|' || c == '^':
+		case c == '(' || c == ')' || c == ',' || c == '+' || c == '-' || c == '*' || c == '/' || c == '%' || c == '&' || c == '|' || c == '^':
 			// Single-character tokens.
 			// TODO: ++ (increment) and -- (decrement) operators.
 			switch c {
@@ -238,6 +368,8 @@ func (t *tokenizer) Next() {
 				t.peekToken = token.LPAREN
 			case ')':
 				t.peekToken = token.RPAREN
+			case ',':
+				t.peekToken = token.COMMA
 			case '+':
 				t.peekToken = token.ADD
 			case '-':
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ func TestParseConst(t *testing.T) {
 	} {
 		fset := token.NewFileSet()
 		startPos := fset.AddFile("", -1, 1000).Pos(0)
-		expr, err := parseConst(startPos, fset, tc.C)
+		expr, err := parseConst(startPos, fset, tc.C, nil, token.NoPos, nil)
 		s := "<invalid>"
 		if err != nil {
 			if !strings.HasPrefix(tc.Go, "error: ") {
@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ long long tinygo_clang_getEnumConstantDeclValue(GoCXCursor c);
 CXType tinygo_clang_getEnumDeclIntegerType(GoCXCursor c);
 unsigned tinygo_clang_Cursor_isAnonymous(GoCXCursor c);
 unsigned tinygo_clang_Cursor_isBitField(GoCXCursor c);
+unsigned tinygo_clang_Cursor_isMacroFunctionLike(GoCXCursor c);

 int tinygo_clang_globals_visitor(GoCXCursor c, GoCXCursor parent, CXClientData client_data);
 int tinygo_clang_struct_visitor(GoCXCursor c, GoCXCursor parent, CXClientData client_data);
@@ -370,45 +371,8 @@ func (f *cgoFile) createASTNode(name string, c clangCursor) (ast.Node, any) {
 		gen.Specs = append(gen.Specs, valueSpec)
 		return gen, nil
 	case C.CXCursor_MacroDefinition:
-		// Extract tokens from the Clang tokenizer.
-		// See: https://stackoverflow.com/a/19074846/559350
-		sourceRange := C.tinygo_clang_getCursorExtent(c)
-		tu := C.tinygo_clang_Cursor_getTranslationUnit(c)
-		var rawTokens *C.CXToken
-		var numTokens C.unsigned
-		C.clang_tokenize(tu, sourceRange, &rawTokens, &numTokens)
-		tokens := unsafe.Slice(rawTokens, numTokens)
-		// Convert this range of tokens back to source text.
-		// Ugly, but it works well enough.
-		sourceBuf := &bytes.Buffer{}
-		var startOffset int
-		for i, token := range tokens {
-			spelling := getString(C.clang_getTokenSpelling(tu, token))
-			location := C.clang_getTokenLocation(tu, token)
-			var tokenOffset C.unsigned
-			C.clang_getExpansionLocation(location, nil, nil, nil, &tokenOffset)
-			if i == 0 {
-				// The first token is the macro name itself.
-				// Skip it (after using its location).
-				startOffset = int(tokenOffset) + len(name)
-			} else {
-				// Later tokens are the macro contents.
-				for int(tokenOffset) > (startOffset + sourceBuf.Len()) {
-					// Pad the source text with whitespace (that must have been
-					// present in the original source as well).
-					sourceBuf.WriteByte(' ')
-				}
-				sourceBuf.WriteString(spelling)
-			}
-		}
-		C.clang_disposeTokens(tu, rawTokens, numTokens)
-		value := sourceBuf.String()
-		// Try to convert this #define into a Go constant expression.
-		tokenPos := token.NoPos
-		if pos != token.NoPos {
-			tokenPos = pos + token.Pos(len(name))
-		}
-		expr, scannerError := parseConst(tokenPos, f.fset, value)
+		tokenPos, value := f.getMacro(c)
+		expr, scannerError := parseConst(tokenPos, f.fset, value, nil, token.NoPos, f)
 		if scannerError != nil {
 			f.errors = append(f.errors, *scannerError)
 			return nil, nil
@@ -488,6 +452,62 @@ func (f *cgoFile) createASTNode(name string, c clangCursor) (ast.Node, any) {
 	}
 }

+// Return whether this is a macro that's also function-like, like this:
+//
+//	#define add(a, b) (a+b)
+func (f *cgoFile) isFunctionLikeMacro(c clangCursor) bool {
+	if C.tinygo_clang_getCursorKind(c) != C.CXCursor_MacroDefinition {
+		return false
+	}
+	return C.tinygo_clang_Cursor_isMacroFunctionLike(c) != 0
+}
+
+// Get the macro value: the position in the source file and the string value of
+// the macro.
+func (f *cgoFile) getMacro(c clangCursor) (pos token.Pos, value string) {
+	// Extract tokens from the Clang tokenizer.
+	// See: https://stackoverflow.com/a/19074846/559350
+	sourceRange := C.tinygo_clang_getCursorExtent(c)
+	tu := C.tinygo_clang_Cursor_getTranslationUnit(c)
+	var rawTokens *C.CXToken
+	var numTokens C.unsigned
+	C.clang_tokenize(tu, sourceRange, &rawTokens, &numTokens)
+	tokens := unsafe.Slice(rawTokens, numTokens)
+	defer C.clang_disposeTokens(tu, rawTokens, numTokens)
+
+	// Convert this range of tokens back to source text.
+	// Ugly, but it works well enough.
+	sourceBuf := &bytes.Buffer{}
+	var startOffset int
+	for i, token := range tokens {
+		spelling := getString(C.clang_getTokenSpelling(tu, token))
+		location := C.clang_getTokenLocation(tu, token)
+		var tokenOffset C.unsigned
+		C.clang_getExpansionLocation(location, nil, nil, nil, &tokenOffset)
+		if i == 0 {
+			// The first token is the macro name itself.
+			// Skip it (after using its location).
+			startOffset = int(tokenOffset)
+		} else {
+			// Later tokens are the macro contents.
+			for int(tokenOffset) > (startOffset + sourceBuf.Len()) {
+				// Pad the source text with whitespace (that must have been
+				// present in the original source as well).
+				sourceBuf.WriteByte(' ')
+			}
+			sourceBuf.WriteString(spelling)
+		}
+	}
+	value = sourceBuf.String()
+
+	// Obtain the position of this token. This is the position of the first
+	// character in the 'value' string and is used to report errors at the
+	// correct location in the source file.
+	pos = f.getCursorPosition(c)
+
+	return
+}
+
 func getString(clangString C.CXString) (s string) {
 	rawString := C.clang_getCString(clangString)
 	s = C.GoString(rawString)
@@ -84,3 +84,7 @@ unsigned tinygo_clang_Cursor_isAnonymous(CXCursor c) {
 unsigned tinygo_clang_Cursor_isBitField(CXCursor c) {
 	return clang_Cursor_isBitField(c);
 }
+
+unsigned tinygo_clang_Cursor_isMacroFunctionLike(CXCursor c) {
+	return clang_Cursor_isMacroFunctionLike(c);
+}
@@ -24,6 +24,13 @@ func C.GoBytes(ptr unsafe.Pointer, length C.int) []byte {
 	return C.__GoBytes(ptr, uintptr(length))
 }

+//go:linkname C.__CBytes runtime.cgo_CBytes
+func C.__CBytes([]byte) unsafe.Pointer
+
+func C.CBytes(b []byte) unsafe.Pointer {
+	return C.__CBytes(b)
+}
+
 type (
 	C.char      uint8
 	C.schar     int8
@@ -3,10 +3,26 @@ package main
 /*
 #define foo 3
 #define bar foo
+
+#define unreferenced 4
+#define referenced unreferenced
+
+#define fnlike() 5
+#define fnlike_val fnlike()
+#define square(n) (n*n)
+#define square_val square(20)
+#define add(a, b) (a + b)
+#define add_val add(3, 5)
 */
 import "C"

 const (
 	Foo = C.foo
 	Bar = C.bar
+
+	Baz = C.referenced
+
+	fnlike = C.fnlike_val
+	square = C.square_val
+	add    = C.add_val
 )
@@ -24,6 +24,13 @@ func C.GoBytes(ptr unsafe.Pointer, length C.int) []byte {
 	return C.__GoBytes(ptr, uintptr(length))
 }

+//go:linkname C.__CBytes runtime.cgo_CBytes
+func C.__CBytes([]byte) unsafe.Pointer
+
+func C.CBytes(b []byte) unsafe.Pointer {
+	return C.__CBytes(b)
+}
+
 type (
 	C.char      uint8
 	C.schar     int8
@@ -40,3 +47,8 @@ type (

 const C.foo = 3
 const C.bar = C.foo
+const C.unreferenced = 4
+const C.referenced = C.unreferenced
+const C.fnlike_val = 5
+const C.square_val = (20 * 20)
+const C.add_val = (3 + 5)
@@ -26,6 +26,11 @@ import "C"
 // #warning another warning
 import "C"

+// #define add(a, b) (a+b)
+// #define add_toomuch add(1, 2, 3)
+// #define add_toolittle add(1)
+import "C"
+
 // Make sure that errors for the following lines won't change with future
 // additions to the CGo preamble.
 //
@@ -51,4 +56,7 @@ var (
 	// constants passed by a command line parameter
 	_ = C.SOME_PARAM_CONST_invalid
 	_ = C.SOME_PARAM_CONST_valid
+
+	_ = C.add_toomuch
+	_ = C.add_toolittle
 )
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@
 //     testdata/errors.go:16:33: unexpected token ), expected end of expression
 //     testdata/errors.go:17:34: unexpected token ), expected end of expression
 //     -: unexpected token INT, expected end of expression
+//     testdata/errors.go:30:35: unexpected number of parameters: expected 2, got 3
+//     testdata/errors.go:31:31: unexpected number of parameters: expected 2, got 1

 // Type checking errors after CGo processing:
 //     testdata/errors.go:102: cannot use 2 << 10 (untyped int constant 2048) as C.char value in variable declaration (overflows)
@@ -17,6 +19,8 @@
 //     testdata/errors.go:114: undefined: C.SOME_CONST_b
 //     testdata/errors.go:116: undefined: C.SOME_CONST_startspace
 //     testdata/errors.go:119: undefined: C.SOME_PARAM_CONST_invalid
+//     testdata/errors.go:122: undefined: C.add_toomuch
+//     testdata/errors.go:123: undefined: C.add_toolittle

 package main

@@ -44,6 +48,13 @@ func C.GoBytes(ptr unsafe.Pointer, length C.int) []byte {
 	return C.__GoBytes(ptr, uintptr(length))
 }

+//go:linkname C.__CBytes runtime.cgo_CBytes
+func C.__CBytes([]byte) unsafe.Pointer
+
+func C.CBytes(b []byte) unsafe.Pointer {
+	return C.__CBytes(b)
+}
+
 type (
 	C.char      uint8
 	C.schar     int8
@@ -29,6 +29,13 @@ func C.GoBytes(ptr unsafe.Pointer, length C.int) []byte {
 	return C.__GoBytes(ptr, uintptr(length))
 }

+//go:linkname C.__CBytes runtime.cgo_CBytes
+func C.__CBytes([]byte) unsafe.Pointer
+
+func C.CBytes(b []byte) unsafe.Pointer {
+	return C.__CBytes(b)
+}
+
 type (
 	C.char      uint8
 	C.schar     int8
@@ -24,6 +24,13 @@ func C.GoBytes(ptr unsafe.Pointer, length C.int) []byte {
 	return C.__GoBytes(ptr, uintptr(length))
 }

+//go:linkname C.__CBytes runtime.cgo_CBytes
+func C.__CBytes([]byte) unsafe.Pointer
+
+func C.CBytes(b []byte) unsafe.Pointer {
+	return C.__CBytes(b)
+}
+
 type (
 	C.char      uint8
 	C.schar     int8
@@ -24,6 +24,13 @@ func C.GoBytes(ptr unsafe.Pointer, length C.int) []byte {
 	return C.__GoBytes(ptr, uintptr(length))
 }

+//go:linkname C.__CBytes runtime.cgo_CBytes
+func C.__CBytes([]byte) unsafe.Pointer
+
+func C.CBytes(b []byte) unsafe.Pointer {
+	return C.__CBytes(b)
+}
+
 type (
 	C.char      uint8
 	C.schar     int8
@@ -33,6 +33,17 @@ func (c *Config) CPU() string {
 	return c.Target.CPU
 }

+// The current build mode (like the `-buildmode` command line flag).
+func (c *Config) BuildMode() string {
+	if c.Options.BuildMode != "" {
+		return c.Options.BuildMode
+	}
+	if c.Target.BuildMode != "" {
+		return c.Target.BuildMode
+	}
+	return "default"
+}
+
 // Features returns a list of features this CPU supports. For example, for a
 // RISC-V processor, that could be "+a,+c,+m". For many targets, an empty list
 // will be returned.
@@ -395,6 +406,8 @@ func (c *Config) LDFlags() []string {
 	if c.Target.LinkerScript != "" {
 		ldflags = append(ldflags, "-T", c.Target.LinkerScript)
 	}
+	ldflags = append(ldflags, c.Options.ExtLDFlags...)
+
 	return ldflags
 }

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 )

 var (
+	validBuildModeOptions     = []string{"default", "c-shared"}
 	validGCOptions            = []string{"none", "leaking", "conservative", "custom", "precise"}
 	validSchedulerOptions     = []string{"none", "tasks", "asyncify"}
 	validSerialOptions        = []string{"none", "uart", "usb", "rtt"}
@@ -26,6 +27,7 @@ type Options struct {
 	GOMIPS          string // environment variable (only used with GOARCH=mips and GOARCH=mipsle)
 	Directory       string // working dir, leave it unset to use the current working dir
 	Target          string
+	BuildMode       string // -buildmode flag
 	Opt             string
 	GC              string
 	PanicStrategy   string
@@ -56,10 +58,19 @@ type Options struct {
 	Timeout         time.Duration
 	WITPackage      string // pass through to wasm-tools component embed invocation
 	WITWorld        string // pass through to wasm-tools component embed -w option
+	ExtLDFlags      []string
 }

 // Verify performs a validation on the given options, raising an error if options are not valid.
 func (o *Options) Verify() error {
+	if o.BuildMode != "" {
+		valid := isInArray(validBuildModeOptions, o.BuildMode)
+		if !valid {
+			return fmt.Errorf(`invalid buildmode option '%s': valid values are %s`,
+				o.BuildMode,
+				strings.Join(validBuildModeOptions, ", "))
+		}
+	}
 	if o.GC != "" {
 		valid := isInArray(validGCOptions, o.GC)
 		if !valid {
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ type TargetSpec struct {
 	GOARCH           string   `json:"goarch,omitempty"`
 	SoftFloat        bool     // used for non-baremetal systems (GOMIPS=softfloat etc)
 	BuildTags        []string `json:"build-tags,omitempty"`
+	BuildMode        string   `json:"buildmode,omitempty"` // default build mode (if nothing specified)
 	GC               string   `json:"gc,omitempty"`
 	Scheduler        string   `json:"scheduler,omitempty"`
 	Serial           string   `json:"serial,omitempty"` // which serial output to use (uart, usb, none)
@@ -390,7 +391,8 @@ func defaultTarget(options *Options) (*TargetSpec, error) {
 		)
 		spec.ExtraFiles = append(spec.ExtraFiles,
 			"src/runtime/os_darwin.c",
-			"src/runtime/runtime_unix.c")
+			"src/runtime/runtime_unix.c",
+			"src/runtime/signal.c")
 	case "linux":
 		spec.Linker = "ld.lld"
 		spec.RTLib = "compiler-rt"
@@ -411,7 +413,8 @@ func defaultTarget(options *Options) (*TargetSpec, error) {
 			spec.CFlags = append(spec.CFlags, "-mno-outline-atomics")
 		}
 		spec.ExtraFiles = append(spec.ExtraFiles,
-			"src/runtime/runtime_unix.c")
+			"src/runtime/runtime_unix.c",
+			"src/runtime/signal.c")
 	case "windows":
 		spec.Linker = "ld.lld"
 		spec.Libc = "mingw-w64"
@@ -449,7 +452,7 @@ func defaultTarget(options *Options) (*TargetSpec, error) {
 			"--stack-first",
 			"--no-demangle",
 		)
-		spec.Emulator = "wasmtime --dir={tmpDir}::/tmp {}"
+		spec.Emulator = "wasmtime run --dir={tmpDir}::/tmp {}"
 		spec.ExtraFiles = append(spec.ExtraFiles,
 			"src/runtime/asm_tinygowasm.S",
 			"src/internal/task/task_asyncify_wasm.S",
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import (

 	"github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/compiler/llvmutil"
 	"github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/loader"
+	"github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/src/tinygo"
 	"golang.org/x/tools/go/ssa"
 	"golang.org/x/tools/go/types/typeutil"
 	"tinygo.org/x/go-llvm"
@@ -44,6 +45,7 @@ type Config struct {
 	ABI             string
 	GOOS            string
 	GOARCH          string
+	BuildMode       string
 	CodeModel       string
 	RelocationModel string
 	SizeLevel       int
@@ -1384,6 +1386,11 @@ func (b *builder) createFunction() {
 		b.llvmFn.SetLinkage(llvm.InternalLinkage)
 		b.createFunction()
 	}
+
+	// Create wrapper function that can be called externally.
+	if b.info.wasmExport != "" {
+		b.createWasmExport()
+	}
 }

 // posser is an interface that's implemented by both ssa.Value and
@@ -1674,6 +1681,10 @@ func (b *builder) createBuiltin(argTypes []types.Type, argValues []llvm.Value, c
 			result = b.CreateSelect(cmp, result, arg, "")
 		}
 		return result, nil
+	case "panic":
+		// This is rare, but happens in "defer panic()".
+		b.createRuntimeInvoke("_panic", argValues, "")
+		return llvm.Value{}, nil
 	case "print", "println":
 		for i, value := range argValues {
 			if i >= 1 && callName == "println" {
@@ -1859,10 +1870,9 @@ func (b *builder) createFunctionCall(instr *ssa.CallCommon) (llvm.Value, error)
 			}
 			return llvm.ConstInt(b.ctx.Int1Type(), supportsRecover, false), nil
 		case name == "runtime.panicStrategy":
-			// These constants are defined in src/runtime/panic.go.
 			panicStrategy := map[string]uint64{
-				"print": 1, // panicStrategyPrint
-				"trap":  2, // panicStrategyTrap
+				"print": tinygo.PanicStrategyPrint,
+				"trap":  tinygo.PanicStrategyTrap,
 			}[b.Config.PanicStrategy]
 			return llvm.ConstInt(b.ctx.Int8Type(), panicStrategy, false), nil
 		case name == "runtime/interrupt.New":
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"go/token"
 	"go/types"

+	"github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/compiler/llvmutil"
 	"golang.org/x/tools/go/ssa"
 	"tinygo.org/x/go-llvm"
 )
@@ -101,7 +102,7 @@ func (b *builder) createGo(instr *ssa.Go) {

 	paramBundle := b.emitPointerPack(params)
 	var stackSize llvm.Value
-	callee := b.createGoroutineStartWrapper(funcType, funcPtr, prefix, hasContext, instr.Pos())
+	callee := b.createGoroutineStartWrapper(funcType, funcPtr, prefix, hasContext, false, instr.Pos())
 	if b.AutomaticStackSize {
 		// The stack size is not known until after linking. Call a dummy
 		// function that will be replaced with a load from a special ELF
@@ -121,6 +122,147 @@ func (b *builder) createGo(instr *ssa.Go) {
 	b.createCall(fnType, start, []llvm.Value{callee, paramBundle, stackSize, llvm.Undef(b.dataPtrType)}, "")
 }

+// Create an exported wrapper function for functions with the //go:wasmexport
+// pragma. This wrapper function is quite complex when the scheduler is enabled:
+// it needs to start a new goroutine each time the exported function is called.
+func (b *builder) createWasmExport() {
+	pos := b.info.wasmExportPos
+	if b.info.exported {
+		// //export really shouldn't be used anymore when //go:wasmexport is
+		// available, because //go:wasmexport is much better defined.
+		b.addError(pos, "cannot use //export and //go:wasmexport at the same time")
+		return
+	}
+
+	const suffix = "#wasmexport"
+
+	// Declare the exported function.
+	paramTypes := b.llvmFnType.ParamTypes()
+	exportedFnType := llvm.FunctionType(b.llvmFnType.ReturnType(), paramTypes[:len(paramTypes)-1], false)
+	exportedFn := llvm.AddFunction(b.mod, b.fn.RelString(nil)+suffix, exportedFnType)
+	b.addStandardAttributes(exportedFn)
+	llvmutil.AppendToGlobal(b.mod, "llvm.used", exportedFn)
+	exportedFn.AddFunctionAttr(b.ctx.CreateStringAttribute("wasm-export-name", b.info.wasmExport))
+
+	// Create a builder for this wrapper function.
+	builder := newBuilder(b.compilerContext, b.ctx.NewBuilder(), b.fn)
+	defer builder.Dispose()
+
+	// Define this function as a separate function in DWARF
+	if b.Debug {
+		if b.fn.Syntax() != nil {
+			// Create debug info file if needed.
+			pos := b.program.Fset.Position(pos)
+			builder.difunc = builder.attachDebugInfoRaw(b.fn, exportedFn, suffix, pos.Filename, pos.Line)
+		}
+		builder.setDebugLocation(pos)
+	}
+
+	// Create a single basic block inside of it.
+	bb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(exportedFn, "entry")
+	builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(bb)
+
+	// Insert an assertion to make sure this //go:wasmexport function is not
+	// called at a time when it is not allowed (for example, before the runtime
+	// is initialized).
+	builder.createRuntimeCall("wasmExportCheckRun", nil, "")
+
+	if b.Scheduler == "none" {
+		// When the scheduler has been disabled, this is really trivial: just
+		// call the function.
+		params := exportedFn.Params()
+		params = append(params, llvm.ConstNull(b.dataPtrType)) // context parameter
+		retval := builder.CreateCall(b.llvmFnType, b.llvmFn, params, "")
+		if b.fn.Signature.Results() == nil {
+			builder.CreateRetVoid()
+		} else {
+			builder.CreateRet(retval)
+		}
+
+	} else {
+		// The scheduler is enabled, so we need to start a new goroutine, wait
+		// for it to complete, and read the result value.
+
+		// Build a function that looks like this:
+		//
+		//   func foo#wasmexport(param0, param1, ..., paramN) {
+		//       var state *stateStruct
+		//
+		//       // 'done' must be explicitly initialized ('state' is not zeroed)
+		//       state.done = false
+		//
+		//       // store the parameters in the state object
+		//       state.param0 = param0
+		//       state.param1 = param1
+		//       ...
+		//       state.paramN = paramN
+		//
+		//       // create a goroutine and push it to the runqueue
+		//       task.start(uintptr(gowrapper), &state)
+		//
+		//       // run the scheduler
+		//       runtime.wasmExportRun(&state.done)
+		//
+		//       // if there is a return value, load it and return
+		//       return state.result
+		//   }
+
+		hasReturn := b.fn.Signature.Results() != nil
+
+		// Build the state struct type.
+		// It stores the function parameters, the 'done' flag, and reserves
+		// space for a return value if needed.
+		stateFields := exportedFnType.ParamTypes()
+		numParams := len(stateFields)
+		stateFields = append(stateFields, b.ctx.Int1Type()) // 'done' field
+		if hasReturn {
+			stateFields = append(stateFields, b.llvmFnType.ReturnType())
+		}
+		stateStruct := b.ctx.StructType(stateFields, false)
+
+		// Allocate the state struct on the stack.
+		statePtr := builder.CreateAlloca(stateStruct, "status")
+
+		// Initialize the 'done' field.
+		doneGEP := builder.CreateInBoundsGEP(stateStruct, statePtr, []llvm.Value{
+			llvm.ConstInt(b.ctx.Int32Type(), 0, false),
+			llvm.ConstInt(b.ctx.Int32Type(), uint64(numParams), false),
+		}, "done.gep")
+		builder.CreateStore(llvm.ConstNull(b.ctx.Int1Type()), doneGEP)
+
+		// Store all parameters in the state object.
+		for i, param := range exportedFn.Params() {
+			gep := builder.CreateInBoundsGEP(stateStruct, statePtr, []llvm.Value{
+				llvm.ConstInt(b.ctx.Int32Type(), 0, false),
+				llvm.ConstInt(b.ctx.Int32Type(), uint64(i), false),
+			}, "")
+			builder.CreateStore(param, gep)
+		}
+
+		// Create a new goroutine and add it to the runqueue.
+		wrapper := b.createGoroutineStartWrapper(b.llvmFnType, b.llvmFn, "", false, true, pos)
+		stackSize := llvm.ConstInt(b.uintptrType, b.DefaultStackSize, false)
+		taskStartFnType, taskStartFn := builder.getFunction(b.program.ImportedPackage("internal/task").Members["start"].(*ssa.Function))
+		builder.createCall(taskStartFnType, taskStartFn, []llvm.Value{wrapper, statePtr, stackSize, llvm.Undef(b.dataPtrType)}, "")
+
+		// Run the scheduler.
+		builder.createRuntimeCall("wasmExportRun", []llvm.Value{doneGEP}, "")
+
+		// Read the return value (if any) and return to the caller of the
+		// //go:wasmexport function.
+		if hasReturn {
+			gep := builder.CreateInBoundsGEP(stateStruct, statePtr, []llvm.Value{
+				llvm.ConstInt(b.ctx.Int32Type(), 0, false),
+				llvm.ConstInt(b.ctx.Int32Type(), uint64(numParams)+1, false),
+			}, "")
+			retval := builder.CreateLoad(b.llvmFnType.ReturnType(), gep, "retval")
+			builder.CreateRet(retval)
+		} else {
+			builder.CreateRetVoid()
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 // createGoroutineStartWrapper creates a wrapper for the task-based
 // implementation of goroutines. For example, to call a function like this:
 //
@@ -144,7 +286,7 @@ func (b *builder) createGo(instr *ssa.Go) {
 // to last parameter of the function) is used for this wrapper. If hasContext is
 // false, the parameter bundle is assumed to have no context parameter and undef
 // is passed instead.
-func (c *compilerContext) createGoroutineStartWrapper(fnType llvm.Type, fn llvm.Value, prefix string, hasContext bool, pos token.Pos) llvm.Value {
+func (c *compilerContext) createGoroutineStartWrapper(fnType llvm.Type, fn llvm.Value, prefix string, hasContext, isWasmExport bool, pos token.Pos) llvm.Value {
 	var wrapper llvm.Value

 	b := &builder{
@@ -162,14 +304,18 @@ func (c *compilerContext) createGoroutineStartWrapper(fnType llvm.Type, fn llvm.
 	if !fn.IsAFunction().IsNil() {
 		// See whether this wrapper has already been created. If so, return it.
 		name := fn.Name()
-		wrapper = c.mod.NamedFunction(name + "$gowrapper")
+		wrapperName := name + "$gowrapper"
+		if isWasmExport {
+			wrapperName += "-wasmexport"
+		}
+		wrapper = c.mod.NamedFunction(wrapperName)
 		if !wrapper.IsNil() {
 			return llvm.ConstPtrToInt(wrapper, c.uintptrType)
 		}

 		// Create the wrapper.
 		wrapperType := llvm.FunctionType(c.ctx.VoidType(), []llvm.Type{c.dataPtrType}, false)
-		wrapper = llvm.AddFunction(c.mod, name+"$gowrapper", wrapperType)
+		wrapper = llvm.AddFunction(c.mod, wrapperName, wrapperType)
 		c.addStandardAttributes(wrapper)
 		wrapper.SetLinkage(llvm.LinkOnceODRLinkage)
 		wrapper.SetUnnamedAddr(true)
@@ -199,23 +345,110 @@ func (c *compilerContext) createGoroutineStartWrapper(fnType llvm.Type, fn llvm.
 			b.SetCurrentDebugLocation(uint(pos.Line), uint(pos.Column), difunc, llvm.Metadata{})
 		}

-		// Create the list of params for the call.
-		paramTypes := fnType.ParamTypes()
-		if !hasContext {
-			paramTypes = paramTypes[:len(paramTypes)-1] // strip context parameter
-		}
-		params := b.emitPointerUnpack(wrapper.Param(0), paramTypes)
-		if !hasContext {
-			params = append(params, llvm.Undef(c.dataPtrType)) // add dummy context parameter
-		}
+		if !isWasmExport {
+			// Regular 'go' instruction.

-		// Create the call.
-		b.CreateCall(fnType, fn, params, "")
+			// Create the list of params for the call.
+			paramTypes := fnType.ParamTypes()
+			if !hasContext {
+				paramTypes = paramTypes[:len(paramTypes)-1] // strip context parameter
+			}

-		if c.Scheduler == "asyncify" {
-			b.CreateCall(deadlockType, deadlock, []llvm.Value{
-				llvm.Undef(c.dataPtrType),
-			}, "")
+			params := b.emitPointerUnpack(wrapper.Param(0), paramTypes)
+			if !hasContext {
+				params = append(params, llvm.Undef(c.dataPtrType)) // add dummy context parameter
+			}
+
+			// Create the call.
+			b.CreateCall(fnType, fn, params, "")
+
+			if c.Scheduler == "asyncify" {
+				b.CreateCall(deadlockType, deadlock, []llvm.Value{
+					llvm.Undef(c.dataPtrType),
+				}, "")
+			}
+		} else {
+			// Goroutine started from a //go:wasmexport pragma.
+			// The function looks like this:
+			//
+			//   func foo$gowrapper-wasmexport(state *stateStruct) {
+			//       // load values
+			//       param0 := state.params[0]
+			//       param1 := state.params[1]
+			//
+			//       // call wrapped functions
+			//       result := foo(param0, param1, ...)
+			//
+			//       // store result value (if there is any)
+			//       state.result = result
+			//
+			//       // finish exported function
+			//       state.done = true
+			//       runtime.wasmExportExit()
+			//   }
+			//
+			// The state object here looks like:
+			//
+			//   struct state {
+			//       param0
+			//       param1
+			//       param* // etc
+			//       done bool
+			//       result returnType
+			//   }
+
+			returnType := fnType.ReturnType()
+			hasReturn := returnType != b.ctx.VoidType()
+			statePtr := wrapper.Param(0)
+
+			// Create the state struct (it must match the type in createWasmExport).
+			stateFields := fnType.ParamTypes()
+			numParams := len(stateFields) - 1
+			stateFields = stateFields[:numParams:numParams]     // strip 'context' parameter
+			stateFields = append(stateFields, c.ctx.Int1Type()) // 'done' bool
+			if hasReturn {
+				stateFields = append(stateFields, returnType)
+			}
+			stateStruct := b.ctx.StructType(stateFields, false)
+
+			// Extract parameters from the state object, and call the function
+			// that's being wrapped.
+			var callParams []llvm.Value
+			for i := 0; i < numParams; i++ {
+				gep := b.CreateInBoundsGEP(stateStruct, statePtr, []llvm.Value{
+					llvm.ConstInt(b.ctx.Int32Type(), 0, false),
+					llvm.ConstInt(b.ctx.Int32Type(), uint64(i), false),
+				}, "")
+				param := b.CreateLoad(stateFields[i], gep, "")
+				callParams = append(callParams, param)
+			}
+			callParams = append(callParams, llvm.ConstNull(c.dataPtrType)) // add 'context' parameter
+			result := b.CreateCall(fnType, fn, callParams, "")
+
+			// Store the return value back into the shared state.
+			// Unlike regular goroutines, these special //go:wasmexport
+			// goroutines can return a value.
+			if hasReturn {
+				gep := b.CreateInBoundsGEP(stateStruct, statePtr, []llvm.Value{
+					llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int32Type(), 0, false),
+					llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int32Type(), uint64(numParams)+1, false),
+				}, "result.ptr")
+				b.CreateStore(result, gep)
+			}
+
+			// Mark this function as having finished executing.
+			// This is important so the runtime knows the exported function
+			// didn't block.
+			doneGEP := b.CreateInBoundsGEP(stateStruct, statePtr, []llvm.Value{
+				llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int32Type(), 0, false),
+				llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int32Type(), uint64(numParams), false),
+			}, "done.gep")
+			b.CreateStore(llvm.ConstInt(b.ctx.Int1Type(), 1, false), doneGEP)
+
+			// Call back into the runtime. This will exit the goroutine, switch
+			// back to the scheduler, which will in turn return from the
+			// //go:wasmexport function.
+			b.createRuntimeCall("wasmExportExit", nil, "")
 		}

 	} else {
@@ -297,5 +530,5 @@ func (c *compilerContext) createGoroutineStartWrapper(fnType llvm.Type, fn llvm.
 	}

 	// Return a ptrtoint of the wrapper, not the function itself.
-	return b.CreatePtrToInt(wrapper, c.uintptrType, "")
+	return llvm.ConstPtrToInt(wrapper, c.uintptrType)
 }
@@ -41,6 +41,8 @@ func (b *builder) createInterruptGlobal(instr *ssa.CallCommon) (llvm.Value, erro

 	// Create a new global of type runtime/interrupt.handle. Globals of this
 	// type are lowered in the interrupt lowering pass.
+	// It must have an alignment of 1, otherwise LLVM thinks a ptrtoint of the
+	// global has the lower bits unset.
 	globalType := b.program.ImportedPackage("runtime/interrupt").Type("handle").Type()
 	globalLLVMType := b.getLLVMType(globalType)
 	globalName := b.fn.Package().Pkg.Path() + "$interrupt" + strconv.FormatInt(id.Int64(), 10)
@@ -48,6 +50,7 @@ func (b *builder) createInterruptGlobal(instr *ssa.CallCommon) (llvm.Value, erro
 	global.SetVisibility(llvm.HiddenVisibility)
 	global.SetGlobalConstant(true)
 	global.SetUnnamedAddr(true)
+	global.SetAlignment(1)
 	initializer := llvm.ConstNull(globalLLVMType)
 	initializer = b.CreateInsertValue(initializer, funcContext, 0, "")
 	initializer = b.CreateInsertValue(initializer, funcPtr, 1, "")
@@ -6,17 +6,11 @@ import (
 	"go/token"
 	"go/types"

+	"github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/src/tinygo"
 	"golang.org/x/tools/go/ssa"
 	"tinygo.org/x/go-llvm"
 )

-// constants for hashmap algorithms; must match src/runtime/hashmap.go
-const (
-	hashmapAlgorithmBinary = iota
-	hashmapAlgorithmString
-	hashmapAlgorithmInterface
-)
-
 // createMakeMap creates a new map object (runtime.hashmap) by allocating and
 // initializing an appropriately sized object.
 func (b *builder) createMakeMap(expr *ssa.MakeMap) (llvm.Value, error) {
@@ -24,20 +18,20 @@ func (b *builder) createMakeMap(expr *ssa.MakeMap) (llvm.Value, error) {
 	keyType := mapType.Key().Underlying()
 	llvmValueType := b.getLLVMType(mapType.Elem().Underlying())
 	var llvmKeyType llvm.Type
-	var alg uint64 // must match values in src/runtime/hashmap.go
+	var alg uint64
 	if t, ok := keyType.(*types.Basic); ok && t.Info()&types.IsString != 0 {
 		// String keys.
 		llvmKeyType = b.getLLVMType(keyType)
-		alg = hashmapAlgorithmString
+		alg = uint64(tinygo.HashmapAlgorithmString)
 	} else if hashmapIsBinaryKey(keyType) {
 		// Trivially comparable keys.
 		llvmKeyType = b.getLLVMType(keyType)
-		alg = hashmapAlgorithmBinary
+		alg = uint64(tinygo.HashmapAlgorithmBinary)
 	} else {
 		// All other keys. Implemented as map[interface{}]valueType for ease of
 		// implementation.
 		llvmKeyType = b.getLLVMRuntimeType("_interface")
-		alg = hashmapAlgorithmInterface
+		alg = uint64(tinygo.HashmapAlgorithmInterface)
 	}
 	keySize := b.targetData.TypeAllocSize(llvmKeyType)
 	valueSize := b.targetData.TypeAllocSize(llvmValueType)
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"strings"

 	"github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/compiler/llvmutil"
+	"github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/goenv"
 	"github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/loader"
 	"golang.org/x/tools/go/ssa"
 	"tinygo.org/x/go-llvm"
@@ -23,15 +24,17 @@ import (
 // The linkName value contains a valid link name, even if //go:linkname is not
 // present.
 type functionInfo struct {
-	wasmModule string     // go:wasm-module
-	wasmName   string     // wasm-export-name or wasm-import-name in the IR
-	linkName   string     // go:linkname, go:export - the IR function name
-	section    string     // go:section - object file section name
-	exported   bool       // go:export, CGo
-	interrupt  bool       // go:interrupt
-	nobounds   bool       // go:nobounds
-	variadic   bool       // go:variadic (CGo only)
-	inline     inlineType // go:inline
+	wasmModule    string     // go:wasm-module
+	wasmName      string     // wasm-export-name or wasm-import-name in the IR
+	wasmExport    string     // go:wasmexport is defined (export is unset, this adds an exported wrapper)
+	wasmExportPos token.Pos  // position of //go:wasmexport comment
+	linkName      string     // go:linkname, go:export - the IR function name
+	section       string     // go:section - object file section name
+	exported      bool       // go:export, CGo
+	interrupt     bool       // go:interrupt
+	nobounds      bool       // go:nobounds
+	variadic      bool       // go:variadic (CGo only)
+	inline        inlineType // go:inline
 }

 type inlineType int
@@ -170,6 +173,12 @@ func (c *compilerContext) getFunction(fn *ssa.Function) (llvm.Type, llvm.Value)
 		llvmFn.AddAttributeAtIndex(1, c.ctx.CreateEnumAttribute(llvm.AttributeKindID("nocapture"), 0))
 		llvmFn.AddAttributeAtIndex(2, c.ctx.CreateEnumAttribute(llvm.AttributeKindID("readonly"), 0))
 		llvmFn.AddAttributeAtIndex(2, c.ctx.CreateEnumAttribute(llvm.AttributeKindID("nocapture"), 0))
+	case "runtime.stringFromBytes":
+		llvmFn.AddAttributeAtIndex(1, c.ctx.CreateEnumAttribute(llvm.AttributeKindID("nocapture"), 0))
+		llvmFn.AddAttributeAtIndex(1, c.ctx.CreateEnumAttribute(llvm.AttributeKindID("readonly"), 0))
+	case "runtime.stringFromRunes":
+		llvmFn.AddAttributeAtIndex(1, c.ctx.CreateEnumAttribute(llvm.AttributeKindID("nocapture"), 0))
+		llvmFn.AddAttributeAtIndex(1, c.ctx.CreateEnumAttribute(llvm.AttributeKindID("readonly"), 0))
 	case "runtime.trackPointer":
 		// This function is necessary for tracking pointers on the stack in a
 		// portable way (see gc_stack_portable.go). Indicate to the optimizer
@@ -241,8 +250,22 @@ func (c *compilerContext) getFunctionInfo(f *ssa.Function) functionInfo {
 		// Pick the default linkName.
 		linkName: f.RelString(nil),
 	}
+
+	// Check for a few runtime functions that are treated specially.
+	if info.linkName == "runtime.wasmEntryReactor" && c.BuildMode == "c-shared" {
+		info.linkName = "_initialize"
+		info.wasmName = "_initialize"
+		info.exported = true
+	}
+	if info.linkName == "runtime.wasmEntryCommand" && c.BuildMode == "default" {
+		info.linkName = "_start"
+		info.wasmName = "_start"
+		info.exported = true
+	}
+
 	// Check for //go: pragmas, which may change the link name (among others).
 	c.parsePragmas(&info, f)
+
 	c.functionInfos[f] = info
 	return info
 }
@@ -250,126 +273,164 @@ func (c *compilerContext) getFunctionInfo(f *ssa.Function) functionInfo {
 // parsePragmas is used by getFunctionInfo to parse function pragmas such as
 // //export or //go:noinline.
 func (c *compilerContext) parsePragmas(info *functionInfo, f *ssa.Function) {
-	if f.Syntax() == nil {
+	syntax := f.Syntax()
+	if f.Origin() != nil {
+		syntax = f.Origin().Syntax()
+	}
+	if syntax == nil {
 		return
 	}
-	if decl, ok := f.Syntax().(*ast.FuncDecl); ok && decl.Doc != nil {
+
+	// Read all pragmas of this function.
+	var pragmas []*ast.Comment
+	hasWasmExport := false
+	if decl, ok := syntax.(*ast.FuncDecl); ok && decl.Doc != nil {
 		for _, comment := range decl.Doc.List {
 			text := comment.Text
-			if strings.HasPrefix(text, "//export ") {
-				// Rewrite '//export' to '//go:export' for compatibility with
-				// gc.
-				text = "//go:" + text[2:]
+			if strings.HasPrefix(text, "//go:") || strings.HasPrefix(text, "//export ") {
+				pragmas = append(pragmas, comment)
+				if strings.HasPrefix(comment.Text, "//go:wasmexport ") {
+					hasWasmExport = true
+				}
 			}
-			if !strings.HasPrefix(text, "//go:") {
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Parse each pragma.
+	for _, comment := range pragmas {
+		parts := strings.Fields(comment.Text)
+		switch parts[0] {
+		case "//export", "//go:export":
+			if len(parts) != 2 {
+				continue
+			}
+			if hasWasmExport {
+				// //go:wasmexport overrides //export.
 				continue
 			}
-			parts := strings.Fields(text)
-			switch parts[0] {
-			case "//go:export":
-				if len(parts) != 2 {
-					continue
-				}

-				info.linkName = parts[1]
-				info.wasmName = info.linkName
-				info.exported = true
-			case "//go:interrupt":
-				if hasUnsafeImport(f.Pkg.Pkg) {
-					info.interrupt = true
-				}
-			case "//go:wasm-module":
-				// Alternative comment for setting the import module.
-				// This is deprecated, use //go:wasmimport instead.
-				if len(parts) != 2 {
-					continue
-				}
-				info.wasmModule = parts[1]
-			case "//go:wasmimport":
-				// Import a WebAssembly function, for example a WASI function.
-				// Original proposal: https://github.com/golang/go/issues/38248
-				// Allow globally: https://github.com/golang/go/issues/59149
-				if len(parts) != 3 {
-					continue
-				}
-				c.checkWasmImport(f, comment.Text)
-				info.exported = true
-				info.wasmModule = parts[1]
-				info.wasmName = parts[2]
-			case "//go:inline":
-				info.inline = inlineHint
-			case "//go:noinline":
+			info.linkName = parts[1]
+			info.wasmName = info.linkName
+			info.exported = true
+		case "//go:interrupt":
+			if hasUnsafeImport(f.Pkg.Pkg) {
+				info.interrupt = true
+			}
+		case "//go:wasm-module":
+			// Alternative comment for setting the import module.
+			// This is deprecated, use //go:wasmimport instead.
+			if len(parts) != 2 {
+				continue
+			}
+			info.wasmModule = parts[1]
+		case "//go:wasmimport":
+			// Import a WebAssembly function, for example a WASI function.
+			// Original proposal: https://github.com/golang/go/issues/38248
+			// Allow globally: https://github.com/golang/go/issues/59149
+			if len(parts) != 3 {
+				continue
+			}
+			if f.Blocks != nil {
+				// Defined functions cannot be exported.
+				c.addError(f.Pos(), "can only use //go:wasmimport on declarations")
+				continue
+			}
+			c.checkWasmImportExport(f, comment.Text)
+			info.exported = true
+			info.wasmModule = parts[1]
+			info.wasmName = parts[2]
+		case "//go:wasmexport":
+			if f.Blocks == nil {
+				c.addError(f.Pos(), "can only use //go:wasmexport on definitions")
+				continue
+			}
+			if len(parts) != 2 {
+				c.addError(f.Pos(), fmt.Sprintf("expected one parameter to //go:wasmimport, not %d", len(parts)-1))
+				continue
+			}
+			name := parts[1]
+			if name == "_start" || name == "_initialize" {
+				c.addError(f.Pos(), fmt.Sprintf("//go:wasmexport does not allow %#v", name))
+				continue
+			}
+			if c.BuildMode != "c-shared" && f.RelString(nil) == "main.main" {
+				c.addError(f.Pos(), fmt.Sprintf("//go:wasmexport does not allow main.main to be exported with -buildmode=%s", c.BuildMode))
+				continue
+			}
+			if c.archFamily() != "wasm32" {
+				c.addError(f.Pos(), "//go:wasmexport is only supported on wasm")
+			}
+			c.checkWasmImportExport(f, comment.Text)
+			info.wasmExport = name
+			info.wasmExportPos = comment.Slash
+		case "//go:inline":
+			info.inline = inlineHint
+		case "//go:noinline":
+			info.inline = inlineNone
+		case "//go:linkname":
+			if len(parts) != 3 || parts[1] != f.Name() {
+				continue
+			}
+			// Only enable go:linkname when the package imports "unsafe".
+			// This is a slightly looser requirement than what gc uses: gc
+			// requires the file to import "unsafe", not the package as a
+			// whole.
+			if hasUnsafeImport(f.Pkg.Pkg) {
+				info.linkName = parts[2]
+			}
+		case "//go:section":
+			// Only enable go:section when the package imports "unsafe".
+			// go:section also implies go:noinline since inlining could
+			// move the code to a different section than that requested.
+			if len(parts) == 2 && hasUnsafeImport(f.Pkg.Pkg) {
+				info.section = parts[1]
 				info.inline = inlineNone
-			case "//go:linkname":
-				if len(parts) != 3 || parts[1] != f.Name() {
-					continue
-				}
-				// Only enable go:linkname when the package imports "unsafe".
-				// This is a slightly looser requirement than what gc uses: gc
-				// requires the file to import "unsafe", not the package as a
-				// whole.
-				if hasUnsafeImport(f.Pkg.Pkg) {
-					info.linkName = parts[2]
-				}
-			case "//go:section":
-				// Only enable go:section when the package imports "unsafe".
-				// go:section also implies go:noinline since inlining could
-				// move the code to a different section than that requested.
-				if len(parts) == 2 && hasUnsafeImport(f.Pkg.Pkg) {
-					info.section = parts[1]
-					info.inline = inlineNone
-				}
-			case "//go:nobounds":
-				// Skip bounds checking in this function. Useful for some
-				// runtime functions.
-				// This is somewhat dangerous and thus only imported in packages
-				// that import unsafe.
-				if hasUnsafeImport(f.Pkg.Pkg) {
-					info.nobounds = true
-				}
-			case "//go:variadic":
-				// The //go:variadic pragma is emitted by the CGo preprocessing
-				// pass for C variadic functions. This includes both explicit
-				// (with ...) and implicit (no parameters in signature)
-				// functions.
-				if strings.HasPrefix(f.Name(), "C.") {
-					// This prefix cannot naturally be created, it must have
-					// been created as a result of CGo preprocessing.
-					info.variadic = true
-				}
+			}
+		case "//go:nobounds":
+			// Skip bounds checking in this function. Useful for some
+			// runtime functions.
+			// This is somewhat dangerous and thus only imported in packages
+			// that import unsafe.
+			if hasUnsafeImport(f.Pkg.Pkg) {
+				info.nobounds = true
+			}
+		case "//go:variadic":
+			// The //go:variadic pragma is emitted by the CGo preprocessing
+			// pass for C variadic functions. This includes both explicit
+			// (with ...) and implicit (no parameters in signature)
+			// functions.
+			if strings.HasPrefix(f.Name(), "C.") {
+				// This prefix cannot naturally be created, it must have
+				// been created as a result of CGo preprocessing.
+				info.variadic = true
 			}
 		}
 	}
 }

-// Check whether this function cannot be used in //go:wasmimport. It will add an
-// error if this is the case.
+// Check whether this function can be used in //go:wasmimport or
+// //go:wasmexport. It will add an error if this is not the case.
 //
 // The list of allowed types is based on this proposal:
 // https://github.com/golang/go/issues/59149
-func (c *compilerContext) checkWasmImport(f *ssa.Function, pragma string) {
+func (c *compilerContext) checkWasmImportExport(f *ssa.Function, pragma string) {
 	if c.pkg.Path() == "runtime" || c.pkg.Path() == "syscall/js" || c.pkg.Path() == "syscall" {
 		// The runtime is a special case. Allow all kinds of parameters
 		// (importantly, including pointers).
 		return
 	}
-	if f.Blocks != nil {
-		// Defined functions cannot be exported.
-		c.addError(f.Pos(), "can only use //go:wasmimport on declarations")
-		return
-	}
 	if f.Signature.Results().Len() > 1 {
 		c.addError(f.Signature.Results().At(1).Pos(), fmt.Sprintf("%s: too many return values", pragma))
 	} else if f.Signature.Results().Len() == 1 {
 		result := f.Signature.Results().At(0)
-		if !isValidWasmType(result.Type(), siteResult) {
+		if !c.isValidWasmType(result.Type(), siteResult) {
 			c.addError(result.Pos(), fmt.Sprintf("%s: unsupported result type %s", pragma, result.Type().String()))
 		}
 	}
 	for _, param := range f.Params {
 		// Check whether the type is allowed.
 		// Only a very limited number of types can be mapped to WebAssembly.
-		if !isValidWasmType(param.Type(), siteParam) {
+		if !c.isValidWasmType(param.Type(), siteParam) {
 			c.addError(param.Pos(), fmt.Sprintf("%s: unsupported parameter type %s", pragma, param.Type().String()))
 		}
 	}
@@ -382,13 +443,15 @@ func (c *compilerContext) checkWasmImport(f *ssa.Function, pragma string) {
 //
 // This previously reflected the additional restrictions documented here:
 // https://github.com/golang/go/issues/59149
-func isValidWasmType(typ types.Type, site wasmSite) bool {
+func (c *compilerContext) isValidWasmType(typ types.Type, site wasmSite) bool {
 	switch typ := typ.Underlying().(type) {
 	case *types.Basic:
 		switch typ.Kind() {
 		case types.Bool:
 			return true
-		case types.Int, types.Uint, types.Int8, types.Uint8, types.Int16, types.Uint16, types.Int32, types.Uint32, types.Int64, types.Uint64:
+		case types.Int8, types.Uint8, types.Int16, types.Uint16:
+			return site == siteIndirect
+		case types.Int32, types.Uint32, types.Int64, types.Uint64:
 			return true
 		case types.Float32, types.Float64:
 			return true
@@ -399,19 +462,35 @@ func isValidWasmType(typ types.Type, site wasmSite) bool {
 			return site == siteParam || site == siteIndirect
 		}
 	case *types.Array:
-		return site == siteIndirect && isValidWasmType(typ.Elem(), siteIndirect)
+		return site == siteIndirect && c.isValidWasmType(typ.Elem(), siteIndirect)
 	case *types.Struct:
 		if site != siteIndirect {
 			return false
 		}
+		// Structs with no fields do not need structs.HostLayout
+		if typ.NumFields() == 0 {
+			return true
+		}
+		hasHostLayout := true // default to true before detecting Go version
+		// (*types.Package).GoVersion added in go1.21
+		if gv, ok := any(c.pkg).(interface{ GoVersion() string }); ok {
+			if goenv.Compare(gv.GoVersion(), "go1.23") >= 0 {
+				hasHostLayout = false // package structs added in go1.23
+			}
+		}
 		for i := 0; i < typ.NumFields(); i++ {
-			if !isValidWasmType(typ.Field(i).Type(), siteIndirect) {
+			ftyp := typ.Field(i).Type()
+			if ftyp.String() == "structs.HostLayout" {
+				hasHostLayout = true
+				continue
+			}
+			if !c.isValidWasmType(ftyp, siteIndirect) {
 				return false
 			}
 		}
-		return true
+		return hasHostLayout
 	case *types.Pointer:
-		return isValidWasmType(typ.Elem(), siteIndirect)
+		return c.isValidWasmType(typ.Elem(), siteIndirect)
 	}
 	return false
 }
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 package main

-import "unsafe"
+import (
+	"structs"
+	"unsafe"
+)

 //go:wasmimport modulename empty
 func empty()
@@ -14,31 +17,37 @@ func implementation() {
 type Uint uint32

 type S struct {
+	_ structs.HostLayout
 	a [4]uint32
 	b uintptr
-	c int
 	d float32
 	e float64
 }

 //go:wasmimport modulename validparam
-func validparam(a int32, b uint64, c float64, d unsafe.Pointer, e Uint, f uintptr, g string, h *int32, i *S)
+func validparam(a int32, b uint64, c float64, d unsafe.Pointer, e Uint, f uintptr, g string, h *int32, i *S, j *struct{}, k *[8]uint8)

 // ERROR: //go:wasmimport modulename invalidparam: unsupported parameter type [4]uint32
 // ERROR: //go:wasmimport modulename invalidparam: unsupported parameter type []byte
 // ERROR: //go:wasmimport modulename invalidparam: unsupported parameter type struct{a int}
 // ERROR: //go:wasmimport modulename invalidparam: unsupported parameter type chan struct{}
 // ERROR: //go:wasmimport modulename invalidparam: unsupported parameter type func()
+// ERROR: //go:wasmimport modulename invalidparam: unsupported parameter type int
+// ERROR: //go:wasmimport modulename invalidparam: unsupported parameter type uint
+// ERROR: //go:wasmimport modulename invalidparam: unsupported parameter type [8]int
 //
 //go:wasmimport modulename invalidparam
-func invalidparam(a [4]uint32, b []byte, c struct{ a int }, d chan struct{}, e func())
+func invalidparam(a [4]uint32, b []byte, c struct{ a int }, d chan struct{}, e func(), f int, g uint, h [8]int)
+
+// ERROR: //go:wasmimport modulename invalidparam_no_hostlayout: unsupported parameter type *struct{int}
+// ERROR: //go:wasmimport modulename invalidparam_no_hostlayout: unsupported parameter type *struct{string}
+//
+//go:wasmimport modulename invalidparam_no_hostlayout
+func invalidparam_no_hostlayout(a *struct{ int }, b *struct{ string })

 //go:wasmimport modulename validreturn_int32
 func validreturn_int32() int32

-//go:wasmimport modulename validreturn_int
-func validreturn_int() int
-
 //go:wasmimport modulename validreturn_ptr_int32
 func validreturn_ptr_int32() *int32

@@ -48,6 +57,12 @@ func validreturn_ptr_string() *string
 //go:wasmimport modulename validreturn_ptr_struct
 func validreturn_ptr_struct() *S

+//go:wasmimport modulename validreturn_ptr_struct
+func validreturn_ptr_empty_struct() *struct{}
+
+//go:wasmimport modulename validreturn_ptr_array
+func validreturn_ptr_array() *[8]uint8
+
 //go:wasmimport modulename validreturn_unsafe_pointer
 func validreturn_unsafe_pointer() unsafe.Pointer

@@ -56,11 +71,26 @@ func validreturn_unsafe_pointer() unsafe.Pointer
 //go:wasmimport modulename manyreturns
 func manyreturns() (int32, int32)

+// ERROR: //go:wasmimport modulename invalidreturn_int: unsupported result type int
+//
+//go:wasmimport modulename invalidreturn_int
+func invalidreturn_int() int
+
+// ERROR: //go:wasmimport modulename invalidreturn_int: unsupported result type uint
+//
+//go:wasmimport modulename invalidreturn_int
+func invalidreturn_uint() uint
+
 // ERROR: //go:wasmimport modulename invalidreturn_func: unsupported result type func()
 //
 //go:wasmimport modulename invalidreturn_func
 func invalidreturn_func() func()

+// ERROR: //go:wasmimport modulename invalidreturn_pointer_array_int: unsupported result type *[8]int
+//
+//go:wasmimport modulename invalidreturn_pointer_array_int
+func invalidreturn_pointer_array_int() *[8]int
+
 // ERROR: //go:wasmimport modulename invalidreturn_slice_byte: unsupported result type []byte
 //
 //go:wasmimport modulename invalidreturn_slice_byte
@@ -48,6 +48,22 @@ func inlineFunc() {
 func noinlineFunc() {
 }

+type Int interface {
+	int8 | int16
+}
+
+// Same for generic functions (but the compiler may miss the pragma due to it
+// being generic).
+//
+//go:noinline
+func noinlineGenericFunc[T Int]() {
+}
+
+func useGeneric() {
+	// Make sure the generic function above is instantiated.
+	noinlineGenericFunc[int8]()
+}
+
 // This function should have the specified section.
 //
 //go:section .special_function_section
@@ -48,6 +48,19 @@ entry:
  ret void
 }

+; Function Attrs: nounwind
+define hidden void @main.useGeneric(ptr %context) unnamed_addr #2 {
+entry:
+  call void @"main.noinlineGenericFunc[int8]"(ptr undef)
+  ret void
+}
+
+; Function Attrs: noinline nounwind
+define linkonce_odr hidden void @"main.noinlineGenericFunc[int8]"(ptr %context) unnamed_addr #5 {
+entry:
+  ret void
+}
+
 ; Function Attrs: noinline nounwind
 define hidden void @main.functionInSection(ptr %context) unnamed_addr #5 section ".special_function_section" {
 entry:
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@ func TestErrors(t *testing.T) {
 		{name: "cgo"},
 		{name: "compiler"},
 		{name: "interp"},
+		{name: "invalidmain"},
+		{name: "invalidname"},
 		{name: "linker-flashoverflow", target: "cortex-m-qemu"},
 		{name: "linker-ramoverflow", target: "cortex-m-qemu"},
 		{name: "linker-undefined", target: "darwin/arm64"},
@@ -20,16 +20,16 @@
    },
    "nixpkgs": {
      "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1703068421,
-        "narHash": "sha256-WSw5Faqlw75McIflnl5v7qVD/B3S2sLh+968bpOGrWA=",
+        "lastModified": 1728500571,
+        "narHash": "sha256-dOymOQ3AfNI4Z337yEwHGohrVQb4yPODCW9MDUyAc4w=",
        "owner": "NixOS",
        "repo": "nixpkgs",
-        "rev": "d65bceaee0fb1e64363f7871bc43dc1c6ecad99f",
+        "rev": "d51c28603def282a24fa034bcb007e2bcb5b5dd0",
        "type": "github"
      },
      "original": {
        "id": "nixpkgs",
-        "ref": "nixos-23.11",
+        "ref": "nixos-24.05",
        "type": "indirect"
      }
    },
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
  inputs = {
    # Use a recent stable release, but fix the version to make it reproducible.
    # This version should be updated from time to time.
-    nixpkgs.url = "nixpkgs/nixos-23.11";
+    nixpkgs.url = "nixpkgs/nixos-24.05";
    flake-utils.url = "github:numtide/flake-utils";
  };
  outputs = { self, nixpkgs, flake-utils }:
@@ -49,11 +49,11 @@
          buildInputs = [
            # These dependencies are required for building tinygo (go install).
            go
-            llvmPackages_17.llvm
-            llvmPackages_17.libclang
+            llvmPackages_18.llvm
+            llvmPackages_18.libclang
            # Additional dependencies needed at runtime, for building and/or
            # flashing.
-            llvmPackages_17.lld
+            llvmPackages_18.lld
            avrdude
            binaryen
            # Additional dependencies needed for on-chip debugging.
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@
            # Without setting these explicitly, Homebrew versions might be used
            # or the default `ar` and `nm` tools might be used (which don't
            # support wasi).
-            export CLANG="clang-17 -resource-dir ${llvmPackages_17.clang.cc.lib}/lib/clang/17"
+            export CLANG="clang-18 -resource-dir ${llvmPackages_18.clang.cc.lib}/lib/clang/18"
            export LLVM_AR=llvm-ar
            export LLVM_NM=llvm-nm

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@
            export MD5SUM=md5sum

            # Ugly hack to make the Clang resources directory available.
-            export GOFLAGS="\"-ldflags=-X github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/goenv.clangResourceDir=${llvmPackages_17.clang.cc.lib}/lib/clang/17\" -tags=llvm17"
+            export GOFLAGS="\"-ldflags=-X github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/goenv.clangResourceDir=${llvmPackages_18.clang.cc.lib}/lib/clang/18\" -tags=llvm18"
          '';
        };
      }
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.13
 	github.com/mattn/go-tty v0.0.4
 	github.com/sigurn/crc16 v0.0.0-20211026045750-20ab5afb07e3
+	github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.6.0
 	go.bug.st/serial v1.6.0
 	golang.org/x/net v0.26.0
 	golang.org/x/sys v0.21.0
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ github.com/chromedp/sysutil v1.0.0/go.mod h1:kgWmDdq8fTzXYcKIBqIYvRRTnYb9aNS9moA
 github.com/creack/goselect v0.1.2 h1:2DNy14+JPjRBgPzAd1thbQp4BSIihxcBf0IXhQXDRa0=
 github.com/creack/goselect v0.1.2/go.mod h1:a/NhLweNvqIYMuxcMOuWY516Cimucms3DglDzQP3hKY=
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 h1:vj9j/u1bqnvCEfJOwUhtlOARqs3+rkHYY13jYWTU97c=
-github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
 github.com/gobwas/httphead v0.1.0 h1:exrUm0f4YX0L7EBwZHuCF4GDp8aJfVeBrlLQrs6NqWU=
 github.com/gobwas/httphead v0.1.0/go.mod h1:O/RXo79gxV8G+RqlR/otEwx4Q36zl9rqC5u12GKvMCM=
 github.com/gobwas/pool v0.2.1 h1:xfeeEhW7pwmX8nuLVlqbzVc7udMDrwetjEv+TZIz1og=
@@ -45,19 +44,18 @@ github.com/mattn/go-tty v0.0.4/go.mod h1:u5GGXBtZU6RQoKV8gY5W6UhMudbR5vXnUe7j3px
 github.com/orisano/pixelmatch v0.0.0-20210112091706-4fa4c7ba91d5 h1:1SoBaSPudixRecmlHXb/GxmaD3fLMtHIDN13QujwQuc=
 github.com/orisano/pixelmatch v0.0.0-20210112091706-4fa4c7ba91d5/go.mod h1:nZgzbfBr3hhjoZnS66nKrHmduYNpc34ny7RK4z5/HM0=
 github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 h1:4DBwDE0NGyQoBHbLQYPwSUPoCMWR5BEzIk/f1lZbAQM=
-github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0/go.mod h1:iKH77koFhYxTK1pcRnkKkqfTogsbg7gZNVY4sRDYZ/4=
 github.com/sigurn/crc16 v0.0.0-20211026045750-20ab5afb07e3 h1:aQKxg3+2p+IFXXg97McgDGT5zcMrQoi0EICZs8Pgchs=
 github.com/sigurn/crc16 v0.0.0-20211026045750-20ab5afb07e3/go.mod h1:9/etS5gpQq9BJsJMWg1wpLbfuSnkm8dPF6FdW2JXVhA=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.4 h1:CcVxjf3Q8PM0mHUKJCdn+eZZtm5yQwehR5yeSVQQcUk=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.4/go.mod h1:sz/lmYIOXD/1dqDmKjjqLyZ2RngseejIcXlSw2iwfAo=
+github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.6.0 h1:z0H1iikCdP8t+q341xqepY4EWvHEw8Es7tlqiVzlP3g=
+github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.6.0/go.mod h1:0U0G41+ochRKoPKCJlh0jMg1CHkyfK8kDqiirMmKY8A=
 go.bug.st/serial v1.6.0 h1:mAbRGN4cKE2J5gMwsMHC2KQisdLRQssO9WSM+rbZJ8A=
 go.bug.st/serial v1.6.0/go.mod h1:UABfsluHAiaNI+La2iESysd9Vetq7VRdpxvjx7CmmOE=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.18.0 h1:5+9lSbEzPSdWkH32vYPBwEpX8KwDbM52Ud9xBUvNlb0=
-golang.org/x/mod v0.18.0/go.mod h1:hTbmBsO62+eylJbnUtE2MGJUyE7QWk4xUqPFrRgJ+7c=
 golang.org/x/net v0.26.0 h1:soB7SVo0PWrY4vPW/+ay0jKDNScG2X9wFeYlXIvJsOQ=
 golang.org/x/net v0.26.0/go.mod h1:5YKkiSynbBIh3p6iOc/vibscux0x38BZDkn8sCUPxHE=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.7.0 h1:YsImfSBoP9QPYL0xyKJPq0gcaJdG3rInoqxTWbfQu9M=
-golang.org/x/sync v0.7.0/go.mod h1:Czt+wKu1gCyEFDUtn0jG5QVvpJ6rzVqr5aXyt9drQfk=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20190222072716-a9d3bda3a223/go.mod h1:STP8DvDyc/dI5b8T5hshtkjS+E42TnysNCUPdjciGhY=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20191008105621-543471e840be/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20191120155948-bd437916bb0e/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
@@ -76,6 +74,5 @@ gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8
 gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0 h1:D8xgwECY7CYvx+Y2n4sBz93Jn9JRvxdiyyo8CTfuKaY=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0/go.mod h1:RDklbk79AGWmwhnvt/jBztapEOGDOx6ZbXqjP6csGnQ=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 h1:fxVm/GzAzEWqLHuvctI91KS9hhNmmWOoWu0XTYJS7CA=
-gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
 tinygo.org/x/go-llvm v0.0.0-20240627184919-3b50c76783a8 h1:bLsZXRUBavt++CJlMN7sppNziqu3LyamESLhFJcpqFQ=
 tinygo.org/x/go-llvm v0.0.0-20240627184919-3b50c76783a8/go.mod h1:GFbusT2VTA4I+l4j80b17KFK+6whv69Wtny5U+T8RR0=
@@ -4,29 +4,37 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
+	"runtime/debug"
 	"strings"
 )

 // Version of TinyGo.
 // Update this value before release of new version of software.
-const version = "0.34.0-dev"
-
-var (
-	// This variable is set at build time using -ldflags parameters.
-	// See: https://stackoverflow.com/a/11355611
-	GitSha1 string
-)
+const version = "0.35.0-dev"

 // Return TinyGo version, either in the form 0.30.0 or as a development version
 // (like 0.30.0-dev-abcd012).
 func Version() string {
 	v := version
-	if strings.HasSuffix(version, "-dev") && GitSha1 != "" {
-		v += "-" + GitSha1
+	if strings.HasSuffix(version, "-dev") {
+		if hash := readGitHash(); hash != "" {
+			v += "-" + hash
+		}
 	}
 	return v
 }

+func readGitHash() string {
+	if info, ok := debug.ReadBuildInfo(); ok {
+		for _, setting := range info.Settings {
+			if setting.Key == "vcs.revision" {
+				return setting.Value[:8]
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
 // GetGorootVersion returns the major and minor version for a given GOROOT path.
 // If the goroot cannot be determined, (0, 0) is returned.
 func GetGorootVersion() (major, minor int, err error) {
@@ -34,27 +42,67 @@ func GetGorootVersion() (major, minor int, err error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return 0, 0, err
 	}
+	major, minor, _, err = Parse(s)
+	return major, minor, err
+}

-	if s == "" || s[:2] != "go" {
-		return 0, 0, errors.New("could not parse Go version: version does not start with 'go' prefix")
+// Parse parses the Go version (like "go1.3.2") in the parameter and return the
+// major, minor, and patch version: 1, 3, and 2 in this example.
+// If there is an error, (0, 0, 0) and an error will be returned.
+func Parse(version string) (major, minor, patch int, err error) {
+	if strings.HasPrefix(version, "devel ") {
+		version = strings.Split(strings.TrimPrefix(version, "devel "), version)[0]
+	}
+	if version == "" || version[:2] != "go" {
+		return 0, 0, 0, errors.New("could not parse Go version: version does not start with 'go' prefix")
 	}

-	parts := strings.Split(s[2:], ".")
+	parts := strings.Split(version[2:], ".")
 	if len(parts) < 2 {
-		return 0, 0, errors.New("could not parse Go version: version has less than two parts")
+		return 0, 0, 0, errors.New("could not parse Go version: version has less than two parts")
 	}

 	// Ignore the errors, we don't really handle errors here anyway.
 	var trailing string
-	n, err := fmt.Sscanf(s, "go%d.%d%s", &major, &minor, &trailing)
-	if n == 2 && err == io.EOF {
+	n, err := fmt.Sscanf(version, "go%d.%d.%d%s", &major, &minor, &patch, &trailing)
+	if n == 2 {
+		n, err = fmt.Sscanf(version, "go%d.%d%s", &major, &minor, &trailing)
+	}
+	if n >= 2 && err == io.EOF {
 		// Means there were no trailing characters (i.e., not an alpha/beta)
 		err = nil
 	}
 	if err != nil {
-		return 0, 0, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse version: %s", err)
+		return 0, 0, 0, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse version: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	return major, minor, patch, nil
+}
+
+// Compare compares two Go version strings.
+// The result will be 0 if a == b, -1 if a < b, and +1 if a > b.
+// If either a or b is not a valid Go version, it is treated as "go0.0"
+// and compared lexicographically.
+// See [Parse] for more information.
+func Compare(a, b string) int {
+	aMajor, aMinor, aPatch, _ := Parse(a)
+	bMajor, bMinor, bPatch, _ := Parse(b)
+	switch {
+	case aMajor < bMajor:
+		return -1
+	case aMajor > bMajor:
+		return +1
+	case aMinor < bMinor:
+		return -1
+	case aMinor > bMinor:
+		return +1
+	case aPatch < bPatch:
+		return -1
+	case aPatch > bPatch:
+		return +1
+	default:
+		return strings.Compare(a, b)
 	}
-	return
 }

 // GorootVersionString returns the version string as reported by the Go
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+package goenv
+
+import "testing"
+
+func TestParse(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		v       string
+		major   int
+		minor   int
+		patch   int
+		wantErr bool
+	}{
+		{"", 0, 0, 0, true},
+		{"go", 0, 0, 0, true},
+		{"go1", 0, 0, 0, true},
+		{"go.0", 0, 0, 0, true},
+		{"go1.0", 1, 0, 0, false},
+		{"go1.1", 1, 1, 0, false},
+		{"go1.23", 1, 23, 0, false},
+		{"go1.23.5", 1, 23, 5, false},
+		{"go1.23.5-rc6", 1, 23, 5, false},
+		{"go2.0", 2, 0, 0, false},
+		{"go2.0.15", 2, 0, 15, false},
+		{"devel go1.24-f99f5da18f Thu Nov 14 22:29:26 2024 +0000 darwin/arm64", 1, 24, 0, false},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.v, func(t *testing.T) {
+			major, minor, patch, err := Parse(tt.v)
+			if err == nil && tt.wantErr {
+				t.Errorf("Parse(%q): expected err != nil", tt.v)
+			}
+			if err != nil && !tt.wantErr {
+				t.Errorf("Parse(%q): expected err == nil", tt.v)
+			}
+			if major != tt.major || minor != tt.minor || patch != tt.patch {
+				t.Errorf("Parse(%q): expected %d, %d, %d, nil; got %d, %d, %d, %v",
+					tt.v, tt.major, tt.minor, tt.patch, major, minor, patch, err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCompare(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		a    string
+		b    string
+		want int
+	}{
+		{"", "", 0},
+		{"go0", "go0", 0},
+		{"go0", "go1", -1},
+		{"go1", "go0", 1},
+		{"go1", "go2", -1},
+		{"go2", "go1", 1},
+		{"go1.1", "go1.2", -1},
+		{"go1.2", "go1.1", 1},
+		{"go1.1.0", "go1.2.0", -1},
+		{"go1.2.0", "go1.1.0", 1},
+		{"go1.2.0", "go2.3.0", -1},
+		{"go1.23.2", "go1.23.10", -1},
+		{"go0.1.22", "go1.23.101", -1},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.a+" "+tt.b, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := Compare(tt.a, tt.b)
+			if got != tt.want {
+				t.Errorf("Compare(%q, %q): expected %d; got %d",
+					tt.a, tt.b, tt.want, got)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
@@ -2,11 +2,17 @@ module github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/internal/tools

 go 1.22.4

-require github.com/bytecodealliance/wasm-tools-go v0.2.0
+require github.com/bytecodealliance/wasm-tools-go v0.3.1

 require (
 	github.com/coreos/go-semver v0.3.1 // indirect
-	github.com/urfave/cli/v3 v3.0.0-alpha9 // indirect
-	github.com/xrash/smetrics v0.0.0-20201216005158-039620a65673 // indirect
+	github.com/docker/libtrust v0.0.0-20160708172513-aabc10ec26b7 // indirect
+	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.17.9 // indirect
+	github.com/opencontainers/go-digest v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/regclient/regclient v0.7.1 // indirect
+	github.com/sirupsen/logrus v1.9.3 // indirect
+	github.com/ulikunitz/xz v0.5.12 // indirect
+	github.com/urfave/cli/v3 v3.0.0-alpha9.2 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/mod v0.21.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.26.0 // indirect
 )
@@ -1,25 +1,44 @@
-github.com/bytecodealliance/wasm-tools-go v0.2.0 h1:JdmiZew7ewHjf+ZGGRE4gZM85Ad/PGW/5I57hepEOjQ=
-github.com/bytecodealliance/wasm-tools-go v0.2.0/go.mod h1:2GnJCUlcDrslZ/L6+yYqoUnewDlBvqRS2N/0NW9ro6w=
+github.com/bytecodealliance/wasm-tools-go v0.3.1 h1:9Q9PjSzkbiVmkUvZ7nYCfJ02mcQDBalxycA3s8g7kR4=
+github.com/bytecodealliance/wasm-tools-go v0.3.1/go.mod h1:vNAQ8DAEp6xvvk+TUHah5DslLEa76f4H6e737OeaxuY=
 github.com/coreos/go-semver v0.3.1 h1:yi21YpKnrx1gt5R+la8n5WgS0kCrsPp33dmEyHReZr4=
 github.com/coreos/go-semver v0.3.1/go.mod h1:irMmmIw/7yzSRPWryHsK7EYSg09caPQL03VsM8rvUec=
+github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.0/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 h1:vj9j/u1bqnvCEfJOwUhtlOARqs3+rkHYY13jYWTU97c=
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
+github.com/docker/libtrust v0.0.0-20160708172513-aabc10ec26b7 h1:UhxFibDNY/bfvqU5CAUmr9zpesgbU6SWc8/B4mflAE4=
+github.com/docker/libtrust v0.0.0-20160708172513-aabc10ec26b7/go.mod h1:cyGadeNEkKy96OOhEzfZl+yxihPEzKnqJwvfuSUqbZE=
+github.com/klauspost/compress v1.17.9 h1:6KIumPrER1LHsvBVuDa0r5xaG0Es51mhhB9BQB2qeMA=
+github.com/klauspost/compress v1.17.9/go.mod h1:Di0epgTjJY877eYKx5yC51cX2A2Vl2ibi7bDH9ttBbw=
+github.com/olareg/olareg v0.1.0 h1:1dXBOgPrig5N7zoXyIZVQqU0QBo6sD9pbL6UYjY75CA=
+github.com/olareg/olareg v0.1.0/go.mod h1:RBuU7JW7SoIIxZKzLRhq8sVtQeAHzCAtRrXEBx2KlM4=
+github.com/opencontainers/go-digest v1.0.0 h1:apOUWs51W5PlhuyGyz9FCeeBIOUDA/6nW8Oi/yOhh5U=
+github.com/opencontainers/go-digest v1.0.0/go.mod h1:0JzlMkj0TRzQZfJkVvzbP0HBR3IKzErnv2BNG4W4MAM=
 github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 h1:4DBwDE0NGyQoBHbLQYPwSUPoCMWR5BEzIk/f1lZbAQM=
 github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0/go.mod h1:iKH77koFhYxTK1pcRnkKkqfTogsbg7gZNVY4sRDYZ/4=
+github.com/regclient/regclient v0.7.1 h1:qEsJrTmZd98fZKjueAbrZCSNGU+ifnr6xjlSAs3WOPs=
+github.com/regclient/regclient v0.7.1/go.mod h1:+w/BFtJuw0h0nzIw/z2+1FuA2/dVXBzDq4rYmziJpMc=
 github.com/sergi/go-diff v1.3.1 h1:xkr+Oxo4BOQKmkn/B9eMK0g5Kg/983T9DqqPHwYqD+8=
 github.com/sergi/go-diff v1.3.1/go.mod h1:aMJSSKb2lpPvRNec0+w3fl7LP9IOFzdc9Pa4NFbPK1I=
-github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.4 h1:CcVxjf3Q8PM0mHUKJCdn+eZZtm5yQwehR5yeSVQQcUk=
-github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.4/go.mod h1:sz/lmYIOXD/1dqDmKjjqLyZ2RngseejIcXlSw2iwfAo=
-github.com/urfave/cli/v3 v3.0.0-alpha9 h1:P0RMy5fQm1AslQS+XCmy9UknDXctOmG/q/FZkUFnJSo=
-github.com/urfave/cli/v3 v3.0.0-alpha9/go.mod h1:0kK/RUFHyh+yIKSfWxwheGndfnrvYSmYFVeKCh03ZUc=
-github.com/xrash/smetrics v0.0.0-20201216005158-039620a65673 h1:bAn7/zixMGCfxrRTfdpNzjtPYqr8smhKouy9mxVdGPU=
-github.com/xrash/smetrics v0.0.0-20201216005158-039620a65673/go.mod h1:N3UwUGtsrSj3ccvlPHLoLsHnpR27oXr4ZE984MbSER8=
+github.com/sirupsen/logrus v1.9.3 h1:dueUQJ1C2q9oE3F7wvmSGAaVtTmUizReu6fjN8uqzbQ=
+github.com/sirupsen/logrus v1.9.3/go.mod h1:naHLuLoDiP4jHNo9R0sCBMtWGeIprob74mVsIT4qYEQ=
+github.com/stretchr/objx v0.1.0/go.mod h1:HFkY916IF+rwdDfMAkV7OtwuqBVzrE8GR6GFx+wExME=
+github.com/stretchr/testify v1.7.0/go.mod h1:6Fq8oRcR53rry900zMqJjRRixrwX3KX962/h/Wwjteg=
+github.com/stretchr/testify v1.9.0 h1:HtqpIVDClZ4nwg75+f6Lvsy/wHu+3BoSGCbBAcpTsTg=
+github.com/stretchr/testify v1.9.0/go.mod h1:r2ic/lqez/lEtzL7wO/rwa5dbSLXVDPFyf8C91i36aY=
+github.com/ulikunitz/xz v0.5.12 h1:37Nm15o69RwBkXM0J6A5OlE67RZTfzUxTj8fB3dfcsc=
+github.com/ulikunitz/xz v0.5.12/go.mod h1:nbz6k7qbPmH4IRqmfOplQw/tblSgqTqBwxkY0oWt/14=
+github.com/urfave/cli/v3 v3.0.0-alpha9.2 h1:CL8llQj3dGRLVQQzHxS+ZYRLanOuhyK1fXgLKD+qV+Y=
+github.com/urfave/cli/v3 v3.0.0-alpha9.2/go.mod h1:FnIeEMYu+ko8zP1F9Ypr3xkZMIDqW3DR92yUtY39q1Y=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.21.0 h1:vvrHzRwRfVKSiLrG+d4FMl/Qi4ukBCE6kZlTUkDYRT0=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.21.0/go.mod h1:6SkKJ3Xj0I0BrPOZoBy3bdMptDDU9oJrpohJ3eWZ1fY=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.8.0 h1:3NFvSEYkUoMifnESzZl15y791HH1qU2xm6eCJU5ZPXQ=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.8.0/go.mod h1:Czt+wKu1gCyEFDUtn0jG5QVvpJ6rzVqr5aXyt9drQfk=
-golang.org/x/tools v0.24.0 h1:J1shsA93PJUEVaUSaay7UXAyE8aimq3GW0pjlolpa24=
-golang.org/x/tools v0.24.0/go.mod h1:YhNqVBIfWHdzvTLs0d8LCuMhkKUgSUKldakyV7W/WDQ=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220715151400-c0bba94af5f8/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.26.0 h1:KHjCJyddX0LoSTb3J+vWpupP9p0oznkqVk/IfjymZbo=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.26.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
+golang.org/x/tools v0.26.0 h1:v/60pFQmzmT9ExmjDv2gGIfi3OqfKoEP6I5+umXlbnQ=
+golang.org/x/tools v0.26.0/go.mod h1:TPVVj70c7JJ3WCazhD8OdXcZg/og+b9+tH/KxylGwH0=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
+gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.0-20200313102051-9f266ea9e77c/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 h1:fxVm/GzAzEWqLHuvctI91KS9hhNmmWOoWu0XTYJS7CA=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
@@ -229,30 +229,35 @@ func needsSyscallPackage(buildTags []string) bool {
 // means use the TinyGo version.
 func pathsToOverride(goMinor int, needsSyscallPackage bool) map[string]bool {
 	paths := map[string]bool{
-		"":                      true,
-		"crypto/":               true,
-		"crypto/rand/":          false,
-		"crypto/tls/":           false,
-		"device/":               false,
-		"examples/":             false,
-		"internal/":             true,
-		"internal/abi/":         false,
-		"internal/binary/":      false,
-		"internal/bytealg/":     false,
-		"internal/cm/":          false,
-		"internal/fuzz/":        false,
-		"internal/reflectlite/": false,
-		"internal/task/":        false,
-		"internal/wasi/":        false,
-		"machine/":              false,
-		"net/":                  true,
-		"net/http/":             false,
-		"os/":                   true,
-		"reflect/":              false,
-		"runtime/":              false,
-		"sync/":                 true,
-		"testing/":              true,
-		"unique/":               false,
+		"":                            true,
+		"crypto/":                     true,
+		"crypto/rand/":                false,
+		"crypto/tls/":                 false,
+		"crypto/x509/":                true,
+		"crypto/x509/internal/":       true,
+		"crypto/x509/internal/macos/": false,
+		"device/":                     false,
+		"examples/":                   false,
+		"internal/":                   true,
+		"internal/abi/":               false,
+		"internal/binary/":            false,
+		"internal/bytealg/":           false,
+		"internal/cm/":                false,
+		"internal/fuzz/":              false,
+		"internal/reflectlite/":       false,
+		"internal/gclayout":           false,
+		"internal/task/":              false,
+		"internal/wasi/":              false,
+		"machine/":                    false,
+		"net/":                        true,
+		"net/http/":                   false,
+		"os/":                         true,
+		"reflect/":                    false,
+		"runtime/":                    false,
+		"sync/":                       true,
+		"testing/":                    true,
+		"tinygo/":                     false,
+		"unique/":                     false,
 	}

 	if goMinor >= 19 {
@@ -418,8 +418,12 @@ func (p *Package) Check() error {
 	packageName := p.ImportPath
 	if p == p.program.MainPkg() {
 		if p.Name != "main" {
-			// Sanity check. Should not ever trigger.
-			panic("expected main package to have name 'main'")
+			return Errors{p, []error{
+				scanner.Error{
+					Pos: p.program.fset.Position(p.Files[0].Name.Pos()),
+					Msg: fmt.Sprintf("expected main package to have name \"main\", not %#v", p.Name),
+				},
+			}}
 		}
 		packageName = "main"
 	}
@@ -428,7 +432,15 @@ func (p *Package) Check() error {
 		if err, ok := err.(Errors); ok {
 			return err
 		}
-		return Errors{p, typeErrors}
+		if len(typeErrors) != 0 {
+			// Got type errors, so return them.
+			return Errors{p, typeErrors}
+		}
+		// This can happen in some weird cases.
+		// The only case I know is when compiling a Go 1.23 program, with a
+		// TinyGo version that supports Go 1.23 but is compiled using Go 1.22.
+		// So this should be pretty rare.
+		return Errors{p, []error{err}}
 	}
 	p.Pkg = typesPkg

@@ -283,46 +283,6 @@ func Test(pkgName string, stdout, stderr io.Writer, options *compileopts.Options
 		// Tests are always run in the package directory.
 		cmd.Dir = result.MainDir

-		// wasmtime is the default emulator used for `-target=wasip1`. wasmtime
-		// is a WebAssembly runtime CLI with WASI enabled by default. However,
-		// only stdio are allowed by default. For example, while STDOUT routes
-		// to the host, other files don't. It also does not inherit environment
-		// variables from the host. Some tests read testdata files, often from
-		// outside the package directory. Other tests require temporary
-		// writeable directories. We allow this by adding wasmtime flags below.
-		if config.EmulatorName() == "wasmtime" {
-			// At this point, The current working directory is at the package
-			// directory. Ex. $GOROOT/src/compress/flate for compress/flate.
-			// buildAndRun has already added arguments for wasmtime, that allow
-			// read-access to files such as "testdata/huffman-zero.in".
-			//
-			// Ex. main(.wasm) --dir=. -- -test.v
-
-			// Below adds additional wasmtime flags in case a test reads files
-			// outside its directory, like "../testdata/e.txt". This allows any
-			// relative directory up to the module root, even if the test never
-			// reads any files.
-			//
-			// Ex. run --dir=.. --dir=../.. --dir=../../..
-			var dirs []string
-			switch config.Target.GOOS {
-			case "wasip1":
-				dirs = dirsToModuleRootRel(result.MainDir, result.ModuleRoot)
-			default:
-				dirs = dirsToModuleRootAbs(result.MainDir, result.ModuleRoot)
-			}
-
-			args := []string{"run"}
-			for _, d := range dirs {
-				args = append(args, "--dir="+d)
-			}
-
-			args = append(args, "--env=PWD="+cmd.Dir)
-
-			args = append(args, cmd.Args[1:]...)
-			cmd.Args = args
-		}
-
 		// Run the test.
 		start := time.Now()
 		err = cmd.Run()
@@ -809,9 +769,6 @@ func Run(pkgName string, options *compileopts.Options, cmdArgs []string) error {
 // passes command line arguments and environment variables in a way appropriate
 // for the given emulator.
 func buildAndRun(pkgName string, config *compileopts.Config, stdout io.Writer, cmdArgs, environmentVars []string, timeout time.Duration, run func(cmd *exec.Cmd, result builder.BuildResult) error) (builder.BuildResult, error) {
-
-	isSingleFile := strings.HasSuffix(pkgName, ".go")
-
 	// Determine whether we're on a system that supports environment variables
 	// and command line parameters (operating systems, WASI) or not (baremetal,
 	// WebAssembly in the browser). If we're on a system without an environment,
@@ -824,7 +781,7 @@ func buildAndRun(pkgName string, config *compileopts.Config, stdout io.Writer, c
 			needsEnvInVars = true
 		}
 	}
-	var args, emuArgs, env []string
+	var args, env []string
 	var extraCmdEnv []string
 	if needsEnvInVars {
 		runtimeGlobals := make(map[string]string)
@@ -844,21 +801,6 @@ func buildAndRun(pkgName string, config *compileopts.Config, stdout io.Writer, c
 				"runtime": runtimeGlobals,
 			}
 		}
-	} else if config.EmulatorName() == "wasmtime" {
-		for _, v := range environmentVars {
-			emuArgs = append(emuArgs, "--env", v)
-		}
-		if len(cmdArgs) != 0 {
-			// Use of '--' argument no longer necessary as of Wasmtime v14:
-			// https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/6946
-			// args = append(args, "--")
-			args = append(args, cmdArgs...)
-		}
-
-		// Set this for nicer backtraces during tests, but don't override the user.
-		if _, ok := os.LookupEnv("WASMTIME_BACKTRACE_DETAILS"); !ok {
-			extraCmdEnv = append(extraCmdEnv, "WASMTIME_BACKTRACE_DETAILS=1")
-		}
 	} else {
 		// Pass environment variables and command line parameters as usual.
 		// This also works on qemu-aarch64 etc.
@@ -901,27 +843,61 @@ func buildAndRun(pkgName string, config *compileopts.Config, stdout io.Writer, c
 			return result, err
 		}

-		name = emulator[0]
+		name, emulator = emulator[0], emulator[1:]

+		// wasmtime is a WebAssembly runtime CLI with WASI enabled by default.
+		// By default, only stdio is allowed. For example, while STDOUT routes
+		// to the host, other files don't. It also does not inherit environment
+		// variables from the host. Some tests read testdata files, often from
+		// outside the package directory. Other tests require temporary
+		// writeable directories. We allow this by adding wasmtime flags below.
 		if name == "wasmtime" {
-			// Wasmtime needs some special flags to pass environment variables
-			// and allow reading from the current directory.
-			switch config.Options.Target {
-			case "wasip1":
-				emuArgs = append(emuArgs, "--dir=.")
-			case "wasip2":
-				dir := result.MainDir
-				if isSingleFile {
-					cwd, _ := os.Getwd()
-					dir = cwd
-				}
-				emuArgs = append(emuArgs, "--dir="+dir)
-				emuArgs = append(emuArgs, "--env=PWD="+dir)
+			var emuArgs []string
+
+			// Extract the wasmtime subcommand (e.g. "run" or "serve")
+			if len(emulator) > 1 {
+				emuArgs = append(emuArgs, emulator[0])
+				emulator = emulator[1:]
 			}
+
+			wd, _ := os.Getwd()
+
+			// Below adds additional wasmtime flags in case a test reads files
+			// outside its directory, like "../testdata/e.txt". This allows any
+			// relative directory up to the module root, even if the test never
+			// reads any files.
+			if config.TestConfig.CompileTestBinary {
+				// Set working directory to package dir
+				wd = result.MainDir
+
+				// Add relative dirs (../, ../..) up to module root (for wasip1)
+				dirs := dirsToModuleRootRel(result.MainDir, result.ModuleRoot)
+
+				// Add absolute dirs up to module root (for wasip2)
+				dirs = append(dirs, dirsToModuleRootAbs(result.MainDir, result.ModuleRoot)...)
+
+				for _, d := range dirs {
+					emuArgs = append(emuArgs, "--dir="+d)
+				}
+			} else {
+				emuArgs = append(emuArgs, "--dir=.")
+			}
+
+			emuArgs = append(emuArgs, "--dir="+wd)
+			emuArgs = append(emuArgs, "--env=PWD="+wd)
+			for _, v := range environmentVars {
+				emuArgs = append(emuArgs, "--env", v)
+			}
+
+			// Set this for nicer backtraces during tests, but don't override the user.
+			if _, ok := os.LookupEnv("WASMTIME_BACKTRACE_DETAILS"); !ok {
+				extraCmdEnv = append(extraCmdEnv, "WASMTIME_BACKTRACE_DETAILS=1")
+			}
+
+			emulator = append(emuArgs, emulator...)
 		}

-		emuArgs = append(emuArgs, emulator[1:]...)
-		args = append(emuArgs, args...)
+		args = append(emulator, args...)
 	}
 	var cmd *exec.Cmd
 	if ctx != nil {
@@ -951,7 +927,7 @@ func buildAndRun(pkgName string, config *compileopts.Config, stdout io.Writer, c

 	// Run binary.
 	if config.Options.PrintCommands != nil {
-		config.Options.PrintCommands(cmd.Path, cmd.Args...)
+		config.Options.PrintCommands(cmd.Path, cmd.Args[1:]...)
 	}
 	err = run(cmd, result)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -1256,36 +1232,169 @@ func getBMPPorts() (gdbPort, uartPort string, err error) {
 	}
 }

-func usage(command string) {
-	switch command {
-	default:
-		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "TinyGo is a Go compiler for small places.")
-		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "version:", goenv.Version())
-		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "usage: %s <command> [arguments]\n", os.Args[0])
-		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "\ncommands:")
-		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  build:   compile packages and dependencies")
-		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  run:     compile and run immediately")
-		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  test:    test packages")
-		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  flash:   compile and flash to the device")
-		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  gdb:     run/flash and immediately enter GDB")
-		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  lldb:    run/flash and immediately enter LLDB")
-		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  monitor: open communication port")
-		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  ports:   list available serial ports")
-		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  env:     list environment variables used during build")
-		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  list:    run go list using the TinyGo root")
-		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  clean:   empty cache directory ("+goenv.Get("GOCACHE")+")")
-		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  targets: list targets")
-		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  info:    show info for specified target")
-		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  version: show version")
-		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  help:    print this help text")
+const (
+	usageBuild = `Build compiles the packages named by the import paths, along with their
+dependencies, but it does not install the results. The output binary is
+specified using the -o parameter. The generated file type depends on the
+extension:

+	.o:
+			Create a relocatable object file. You can use this option if you
+			don't want to use the TinyGo build system or want to do other custom
+			things.
+
+	.ll:
+			Create textual LLVM IR, after optimization. This is mainly useful
+			for debugging.
+
+	.bc:
+			Create LLVM bitcode, after optimization. This may be useful for
+			debugging or for linking into other programs using LTO.
+
+	.hex:
+			Create an Intel HEX file to flash it to a microcontroller.
+
+	.bin:
+			Similar, but create a binary file.
+
+	.wasm:
+			Compile and link a WebAssembly file.
+
+(all other) Compile and link the program into a regular executable. For
+microcontrollers, it is common to use the .elf file extension to indicate a
+linked ELF file is generated. For Linux, it is common to build binaries with no
+extension at all.`
+
+	usageRun = `Run the program, either directly on the host or in an emulated environment 
+(depending on -target).`
+
+	usageFlash = `Flash the program to a microcontroller. Some common flags are described below.
+
+	-target={name}: 
+			Specifies the type of microcontroller that is used. The name of the
+			microcontroller is given on the individual pages for each board type
+			listed under Microcontrollers
+			(https://tinygo.org/docs/reference/microcontrollers/).
+			Examples: "arduino-nano", "d1mini", "xiao".
+
+	-monitor: 
+			Start the serial monitor (see below) immediately after
+			flashing. However, some microcontrollers need a split second
+			or two to configure the serial port after flashing, and
+			using the "-monitor" flag can fail because the serial
+			monitor starts too quickly. In that case, use the "tinygo
+			monitor" command explicitly.`
+
+	usageMonitor = `Start the serial monitor on the serial port that is connected to the
+microcontroller. If there is only a single board attached to the host computer,
+the default values for various options should be sufficient. In other
+situations, particularly if you have multiple microcontrollers attached, some
+parameters may need to be overridden using the following flags:
+
+	-port={port}:
+			If there are multiple microcontroller attached, an error
+			message will display a list of potential serial ports. The
+			appropriate port can be specified by this flag. On Linux,
+			the port will be something like /dev/ttyUSB0 or /dev/ttyACM1.
+			On MacOS, the port will look like /dev/cu.usbserial-1420. On
+			Windows, the port will be something like COM1 or COM31.
+
+	-baudrate={rate}:
+			The default baud rate is 115200. Boards using the AVR
+			processor (e.g. Arduino Nano, Arduino Mega 2560) use 9600
+			instead.
+
+	-target={name}:
+			If you have more than one microcontrollers attached, you can
+			sometimes just specify the target name and let tinygo
+			monitor figure out the port. Sometimes, this does not work
+			and you have to explicitly use the -port flag.
+
+The serial monitor intercepts several control characters for its own use instead of sending them
+to the microcontroller:
+
+	Control-C: terminates the tinygo monitor
+	Control-Z: suspends the tinygo monitor and drops back into shell
+	Control-\: terminates the tinygo monitor with a stack trace
+	Control-S: flow control, suspends output to the console
+	Control-Q: flow control, resumes output to the console
+	Control-@: thrown away by tinygo monitor
+
+Note: If you are using os.Stdin on the microcontroller, you may find that a CR
+character on the host computer (also known as Enter, ^M, or \r) is transmitted
+to the microcontroller without conversion, so os.Stdin returns a \r character
+instead of the expected \n (also known as ^J, NL, or LF) to indicate
+end-of-line. You may be able to get around this problem by hitting Control-J in
+tinygo monitor to transmit the \n end-of-line character.`
+
+	usageGdb = `Build the program, optionally flash it to a microcontroller if it is a remote 
+target, and drop into a GDB shell. From there you can set breakpoints, start the
+program with "run" or "continue" ("run" for a local program, continue for
+on-chip debugging), single-step, show a backtrace, break and resume the program
+with Ctrl-C/"continue", etc. You may need to install extra tools (like openocd
+and arm-none-eabi-gdb) to be able to do this. Also, you may need a dedicated
+debugger to be able to debug certain boards if no debugger is integrated. Some
+boards (like the BBC micro:bit and most professional evaluation boards) have an
+integrated debugger.`
+
+	usageClean = `Clean the cache directory, normally stored in $HOME/.cache/tinygo. This is not
+normally needed.`
+
+	usageHelp    = `Print a short summary of the available commands, plus a list of command flags.`
+	usageVersion = `Print the version of the command and the version of the used $GOROOT.`
+	usageEnv     = `Print a list of environment variables that affect TinyGo (as a shell script).
+If one or more variable names are given as arguments, env prints the value of
+each on a new line.`
+
+	usageDefault = `TinyGo is a Go compiler for small places.
+version: %s
+usage: %s <command> [arguments]
+commands:
+		build:		compile packages and dependencies
+		run:		compile and run immediately
+		test:		test packages
+		flash:		compile and flash to the device
+		gdb:		run/flash and immediately enter GDB
+		lldb:		run/flash and immediately enter LLDB
+		monitor:	open communication port
+		ports:		list available serial ports
+		env:		list environment variables used during build
+		list:		run go list using the TinyGo root
+		clean:		empty cache directory (%s)
+		targets:	list targets
+		info:		show info for specified target
+		version:	show version
+		help:		print this help text`
+)
+
+var (
+	commandHelp = map[string]string{
+		"build":   usageBuild,
+		"run":     usageRun,
+		"flash":   usageFlash,
+		"monitor": usageMonitor,
+		"gdb":     usageGdb,
+		"clean":   usageClean,
+		"help":    usageHelp,
+		"version": usageVersion,
+		"env":     usageEnv,
+	}
+)
+
+func usage(command string) {
+	val, ok := commandHelp[command]
+	if !ok {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, usageDefault, goenv.Version(), os.Args[0], goenv.Get("GOCACHE"))
 		if flag.Parsed() {
 			fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "\nflags:")
 			flag.PrintDefaults()
 		}

 		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "\nfor more details, see https://tinygo.org/docs/reference/usage/")
+	} else {
+		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, val)
 	}
+
 }

 func handleCompilerError(err error) {
@@ -1330,19 +1439,20 @@ func (m globalValuesFlag) Set(value string) error {

 // parseGoLinkFlag parses the -ldflags parameter. Its primary purpose right now
 // is the -X flag, for setting the value of global string variables.
-func parseGoLinkFlag(flagsString string) (map[string]map[string]string, error) {
+func parseGoLinkFlag(flagsString string) (map[string]map[string]string, string, error) {
 	set := flag.NewFlagSet("link", flag.ExitOnError)
 	globalVarValues := make(globalValuesFlag)
 	set.Var(globalVarValues, "X", "Set the value of the string variable to the given value.")
+	extLDFlags := set.String("extldflags", "", "additional flags to pass to external linker")
 	flags, err := shlex.Split(flagsString)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return nil, "", err
 	}
 	err = set.Parse(flags)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return nil, "", err
 	}
-	return map[string]map[string]string(globalVarValues), nil
+	return map[string]map[string]string(globalVarValues), *extLDFlags, nil
 }

 // getListOfPackages returns a standard list of packages for a given list that might
@@ -1392,6 +1502,7 @@ func main() {
 	var tags buildutil.TagsFlag
 	flag.Var(&tags, "tags", "a space-separated list of extra build tags")
 	target := flag.String("target", "", "chip/board name or JSON target specification file")
+	buildMode := flag.String("buildmode", "", "build mode to use (default, c-shared)")
 	var stackSize uint64
 	flag.Func("stack-size", "goroutine stack size (if unknown at compile time)", func(s string) error {
 		size, err := bytesize.Parse(s)
@@ -1461,6 +1572,7 @@ func main() {

 	// Early command processing, before commands are interpreted by the Go flag
 	// library.
+	handleChdirFlag()
 	switch command {
 	case "clang", "ld.lld", "wasm-ld":
 		err := builder.RunTool(command, os.Args[2:]...)
@@ -1473,7 +1585,7 @@ func main() {
 	}

 	flag.CommandLine.Parse(os.Args[2:])
-	globalVarValues, err := parseGoLinkFlag(*ldflags)
+	globalVarValues, extLDFlags, err := parseGoLinkFlag(*ldflags)
 	if err != nil {
 		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, err)
 		os.Exit(1)
@@ -1499,6 +1611,7 @@ func main() {
 		GOARM:           goenv.Get("GOARM"),
 		GOMIPS:          goenv.Get("GOMIPS"),
 		Target:          *target,
+		BuildMode:       *buildMode,
 		StackSize:       stackSize,
 		Opt:             *opt,
 		GC:              *gc,
@@ -1533,6 +1646,14 @@ func main() {
 		options.PrintCommands = printCommand
 	}

+	if extLDFlags != "" {
+		options.ExtLDFlags, err = shlex.Split(extLDFlags)
+		if err != nil {
+			fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "could not parse -extldflags:", err)
+			os.Exit(1)
+		}
+	}
+
 	err = options.Verify()
 	if err != nil {
 		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, err.Error())
@@ -1946,3 +2067,56 @@ type outputEntry struct {
 	stderr bool
 	data   []byte
 }
+
+// handleChdirFlag handles the -C flag before doing anything else.
+// The -C flag must be the first flag on the command line, to make it easy to find
+// even with commands that have custom flag parsing.
+// handleChdirFlag handles the flag by chdir'ing to the directory
+// and then removing that flag from the command line entirely.
+//
+// We have to handle the -C flag this way for two reasons:
+//
+//  1. Toolchain selection needs to be in the right directory to look for go.mod and go.work.
+//
+//  2. A toolchain switch later on reinvokes the new go command with the same arguments.
+//     The parent toolchain has already done the chdir; the child must not try to do it again.
+
+func handleChdirFlag() {
+	used := 2 // b.c. command at os.Args[1]
+	if used >= len(os.Args) {
+		return
+	}
+
+	var dir string
+	switch a := os.Args[used]; {
+	default:
+		return
+
+	case a == "-C", a == "--C":
+		if used+1 >= len(os.Args) {
+			return
+		}
+		dir = os.Args[used+1]
+		os.Args = slicesDelete(os.Args, used, used+2)
+
+	case strings.HasPrefix(a, "-C="), strings.HasPrefix(a, "--C="):
+		_, dir, _ = strings.Cut(a, "=")
+		os.Args = slicesDelete(os.Args, used, used+1)
+	}
+
+	if err := os.Chdir(dir); err != nil {
+		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "cannot chdir:", err)
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
+}
+
+// go1.19 compatibility: lacks slices package
+func slicesDelete[S ~[]E, E any](s S, i, j int) S {
+	_ = s[i:j:len(s)] // bounds check
+
+	if i == j {
+		return s
+	}
+
+	return append(s[:i], s[j:]...)
+}
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ package main
 import (
 	"bufio"
 	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"crypto/sha256"
 	"errors"
 	"flag"
 	"io"
@@ -14,16 +16,19 @@ import (
 	"reflect"
 	"regexp"
 	"runtime"
-	"slices"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"testing"
 	"time"

 	"github.com/aykevl/go-wasm"
+	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero"
+	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/api"
+	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/imports/wasi_snapshot_preview1"
+	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/sys"
 	"github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/builder"
 	"github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/compileopts"
-	"github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/diagnostics"
 	"github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/goenv"
 )

@@ -75,6 +80,7 @@ func TestBuild(t *testing.T) {
 		"oldgo/",
 		"print.go",
 		"reflect.go",
+		"signal.go",
 		"slice.go",
 		"sort.go",
 		"stdlib.go",
@@ -109,10 +115,15 @@ func TestBuild(t *testing.T) {
 		return
 	}

-	t.Run("Host", func(t *testing.T) {
-		t.Parallel()
-		runPlatTests(optionsFromTarget("", sema), tests, t)
+	t.Run("Debugging", func(t *testing.T) {
+		for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
+			t.Run(strconv.Itoa(i), func(t *testing.T) {
+				options := optionsFromTarget("", sema)
+				runTest("alias.go", options, t, nil, nil)
+			})
+		}
 	})
+	return

 	// Test a few build options.
 	t.Run("build-options", func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -213,6 +224,7 @@ func runPlatTests(options compileopts.Options, tests []string, t *testing.T) {
 	// isWebAssembly := strings.HasPrefix(spec.Triple, "wasm")
 	isWASI := strings.HasPrefix(options.Target, "wasi")
 	isWebAssembly := isWASI || strings.HasPrefix(options.Target, "wasm") || (options.Target == "" && strings.HasPrefix(options.GOARCH, "wasm"))
+	isBaremetal := options.Target == "simavr" || options.Target == "cortex-m-qemu" || options.Target == "riscv-qemu"

 	for _, name := range tests {
 		if options.GOOS == "linux" && (options.GOARCH == "arm" || options.GOARCH == "386") {
@@ -277,6 +289,13 @@ func runPlatTests(options compileopts.Options, tests []string, t *testing.T) {
 				continue
 			}
 		}
+		if isWebAssembly || isBaremetal || options.GOOS == "windows" {
+			switch name {
+			case "signal.go":
+				// Signals only work on POSIX-like systems.
+				continue
+			}
+		}

 		name := name // redefine to avoid race condition
 		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -392,17 +411,13 @@ func runTestWithConfig(name string, t *testing.T, options compileopts.Options, c
 	// of the path.
 	path := TESTDATA + "/" + name
 	// Get the expected output for this test.
-	txtpath := path[:len(path)-3] + ".txt"
+	expectedOutputPath := path[:len(path)-3] + ".txt"
 	pkgName := "./" + path
 	if path[len(path)-1] == '/' {
-		txtpath = path + "out.txt"
+		expectedOutputPath = path + "out.txt"
 		options.Directory = path
 		pkgName = "."
 	}
-	expected, err := os.ReadFile(txtpath)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal("could not read expected output file:", err)
-	}

 	config, err := builder.NewConfig(&options)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -411,23 +426,68 @@ func runTestWithConfig(name string, t *testing.T, options compileopts.Options, c

 	// Build the test binary.
 	stdout := &bytes.Buffer{}
-	_, err = buildAndRun(pkgName, config, stdout, cmdArgs, environmentVars, time.Minute, func(cmd *exec.Cmd, result builder.BuildResult) error {
-		return cmd.Run()
-	})
+	_, fileExt := config.EmulatorFormat()
+	tmpdir := t.TempDir()
+	result, err := builder.Build(pkgName, fileExt, tmpdir, config)
 	if err != nil {
-		w := &bytes.Buffer{}
-		diagnostics.CreateDiagnostics(err).WriteTo(w, "")
-		for _, line := range strings.Split(strings.TrimRight(w.String(), "\n"), "\n") {
-			t.Log(line)
-		}
-		t.Fail()
-		return
+		t.Fatal("build failed:", err)
 	}

-	// putchar() prints CRLF, convert it to LF.
-	actual := bytes.Replace(stdout.Bytes(), []byte{'\r', '\n'}, []byte{'\n'}, -1)
-	expected = bytes.Replace(expected, []byte{'\r', '\n'}, []byte{'\n'}, -1) // for Windows
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(result.Executable)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("failed to read executable:", err)
+	}
+	hash := sha256.Sum256(data)
+	t.Logf("executable hash and size: %d %x", len(data), hash)

+	for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
+		i := i
+		t.Run(strconv.Itoa(i), func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+			stdout := &bytes.Buffer{}
+			cmd := exec.Command(result.Executable)
+			cmd.Stdout = stdout
+			cmd.Stderr = stdout
+			err := cmd.Run()
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Log("run error:", err)
+			}
+			checkOutput(t, expectedOutputPath, stdout.Bytes())
+		})
+	}
+	return
+
+	//_, err = buildAndRun(pkgName, config, stdout, cmdArgs, environmentVars, time.Minute, func(cmd *exec.Cmd, result builder.BuildResult) error {
+	//	data, err := os.ReadFile(result.Executable)
+	//	if err != nil {
+	//		t.Fatal("failed to read executable:", err)
+	//	}
+	//	hash := sha256.Sum256(data)
+	//	t.Logf("executable hash and size: %d %x", len(data), hash)
+
+	//	t.Log("command:", cmd)
+	//	err = cmd.Run()
+	//	if err == nil {
+	//		t.Log("  error is nil!")
+	//	} else {
+	//		t.Log("  error:", err)
+	//	}
+	//	return err
+	//})
+	//if err != nil {
+	//	w := &bytes.Buffer{}
+	//	diagnostics.CreateDiagnostics(err).WriteTo(w, "")
+	//	for _, line := range strings.Split(strings.TrimRight(w.String(), "\n"), "\n") {
+	//		t.Log(line)
+	//	}
+	//	if stdout.Len() != 0 {
+	//		t.Logf("output:\n%s", stdout.String())
+	//	}
+	//	t.Fail()
+	//	return
+	//}
+
+	actual := stdout.Bytes()
 	if config.EmulatorName() == "simavr" {
 		// Strip simavr log formatting.
 		actual = bytes.Replace(actual, []byte{0x1b, '[', '3', '2', 'm'}, nil, -1)
@@ -442,17 +502,12 @@ func runTestWithConfig(name string, t *testing.T, options compileopts.Options, c
 	}

 	// Check whether the command ran successfully.
-	fail := false
 	if err != nil {
-		t.Log("failed to run:", err)
-		fail = true
-	} else if !bytes.Equal(expected, actual) {
-		t.Logf("output did not match (expected %d bytes, got %d bytes):", len(expected), len(actual))
-		t.Logf(string(Diff("expected", expected, "actual", actual)))
-		fail = true
+		t.Error("failed to run:", err)
 	}
+	checkOutput(t, expectedOutputPath, actual)

-	if fail {
+	if t.Failed() {
 		r := bufio.NewReader(bytes.NewReader(actual))
 		for {
 			line, err := r.ReadString('\n')
@@ -470,20 +525,21 @@ func TestWebAssembly(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	type testCase struct {
 		name          string
+		target        string
 		panicStrategy string
 		imports       []string
 	}
 	for _, tc := range []testCase{
 		// Test whether there really are no imports when using -panic=trap. This
 		// tests the bugfix for https://github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/issues/4161.
-		{name: "panic-default", imports: []string{"wasi_snapshot_preview1.fd_write"}},
-		{name: "panic-trap", panicStrategy: "trap", imports: []string{}},
+		{name: "panic-default", target: "wasip1", imports: []string{"wasi_snapshot_preview1.fd_write", "wasi_snapshot_preview1.random_get"}},
+		{name: "panic-trap", target: "wasm-unknown", panicStrategy: "trap", imports: []string{}},
 	} {
 		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 			tmpdir := t.TempDir()
-			options := optionsFromTarget("wasi", sema)
+			options := optionsFromTarget(tc.target, sema)
 			options.PanicStrategy = tc.panicStrategy
 			config, err := builder.NewConfig(&options)
 			if err != nil {
@@ -515,7 +571,7 @@ func TestWebAssembly(t *testing.T) {
 						}
 					}
 				}
-				if !slices.Equal(imports, tc.imports) {
+				if !stringSlicesEqual(imports, tc.imports) {
 					t.Errorf("import list not as expected!\nexpected: %v\nactual:   %v", tc.imports, imports)
 				}
 			}
@@ -523,6 +579,330 @@ func TestWebAssembly(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

+func stringSlicesEqual(s1, s2 []string) bool {
+	// We can use slices.Equal once we drop support for Go 1.20 (it was added in
+	// Go 1.21).
+	if len(s1) != len(s2) {
+		return false
+	}
+	for i, s := range s1 {
+		if s != s2[i] {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+func TestWasmExport(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	type testCase struct {
+		name      string
+		target    string
+		buildMode string
+		scheduler string
+		file      string
+		noOutput  bool
+		command   bool // call _start (command mode) instead of _initialize
+	}
+
+	tests := []testCase{
+		// "command mode" WASI
+		{
+			name:    "WASIp1-command",
+			target:  "wasip1",
+			command: true,
+		},
+		// "reactor mode" WASI (with -buildmode=c-shared)
+		{
+			name:      "WASIp1-reactor",
+			target:    "wasip1",
+			buildMode: "c-shared",
+		},
+		// Make sure reactor mode also works without a scheduler.
+		{
+			name:      "WASIp1-reactor-noscheduler",
+			target:    "wasip1",
+			buildMode: "c-shared",
+			scheduler: "none",
+			file:      "wasmexport-noscheduler.go",
+		},
+		// Test -target=wasm-unknown with the default build mode (which is
+		// c-shared).
+		{
+			name:     "wasm-unknown-reactor",
+			target:   "wasm-unknown",
+			file:     "wasmexport-noscheduler.go",
+			noOutput: true, // wasm-unknown cannot produce output
+		},
+		// Test -target=wasm-unknown with -buildmode=default, which makes it run
+		// in command mode.
+		{
+			name:      "wasm-unknown-command",
+			target:    "wasm-unknown",
+			buildMode: "default",
+			file:      "wasmexport-noscheduler.go",
+			noOutput:  true, // wasm-unknown cannot produce output
+			command:   true,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		tc := tc
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			// Build the wasm binary.
+			tmpdir := t.TempDir()
+			options := optionsFromTarget(tc.target, sema)
+			options.BuildMode = tc.buildMode
+			options.Scheduler = tc.scheduler
+			buildConfig, err := builder.NewConfig(&options)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			filename := "wasmexport.go"
+			if tc.file != "" {
+				filename = tc.file
+			}
+			result, err := builder.Build("testdata/"+filename, ".wasm", tmpdir, buildConfig)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal("failed to build binary:", err)
+			}
+
+			// Read the wasm binary back into memory.
+			data, err := os.ReadFile(result.Binary)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal("could not read wasm binary: ", err)
+			}
+
+			// Set up the wazero runtime.
+			output := &bytes.Buffer{}
+			ctx := context.Background()
+			r := wazero.NewRuntimeWithConfig(ctx, wazero.NewRuntimeConfigInterpreter())
+			defer r.Close(ctx)
+			config := wazero.NewModuleConfig().
+				WithStdout(output).WithStderr(output).
+				WithStartFunctions()
+
+			// Prepare for testing.
+			var mod api.Module
+			mustCall := func(results []uint64, err error) []uint64 {
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Error("failed to run function:", err)
+				}
+				return results
+			}
+			checkResult := func(name string, results []uint64, expected []uint64) {
+				if len(results) != len(expected) {
+					t.Errorf("%s: expected %v but got %v", name, expected, results)
+				}
+				for i, result := range results {
+					if result != expected[i] {
+						t.Errorf("%s: expected %v but got %v", name, expected, results)
+						break
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			runTests := func() {
+				// Test an exported function without params or return value.
+				checkResult("hello()", mustCall(mod.ExportedFunction("hello").Call(ctx)), nil)
+
+				// Test that we can call an exported function more than once.
+				checkResult("add(3, 5)", mustCall(mod.ExportedFunction("add").Call(ctx, 3, 5)), []uint64{8})
+				checkResult("add(7, 9)", mustCall(mod.ExportedFunction("add").Call(ctx, 7, 9)), []uint64{16})
+				checkResult("add(6, 1)", mustCall(mod.ExportedFunction("add").Call(ctx, 6, 1)), []uint64{7})
+
+				// Test that imported functions can call exported functions
+				// again.
+				checkResult("reentrantCall(2, 3)", mustCall(mod.ExportedFunction("reentrantCall").Call(ctx, 2, 3)), []uint64{5})
+				checkResult("reentrantCall(1, 8)", mustCall(mod.ExportedFunction("reentrantCall").Call(ctx, 1, 8)), []uint64{9})
+			}
+
+			// Add wasip1 module.
+			wasi_snapshot_preview1.MustInstantiate(ctx, r)
+
+			// Add custom "tester" module.
+			callOutside := func(a, b int32) int32 {
+				results, err := mod.ExportedFunction("add").Call(ctx, uint64(a), uint64(b))
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Error("could not call exported add function:", err)
+				}
+				return int32(results[0])
+			}
+			callTestMain := func() {
+				runTests()
+			}
+			builder := r.NewHostModuleBuilder("tester")
+			builder.NewFunctionBuilder().WithFunc(callOutside).Export("callOutside")
+			builder.NewFunctionBuilder().WithFunc(callTestMain).Export("callTestMain")
+			_, err = builder.Instantiate(ctx)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			// Parse and instantiate the wasm.
+			mod, err = r.InstantiateWithConfig(ctx, data, config)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal("could not instantiate wasm module:", err)
+			}
+
+			// Initialize the module and run the tests.
+			if tc.command {
+				// Call _start (the entry point), which calls
+				// tester.callTestMain, which then runs all the tests.
+				_, err := mod.ExportedFunction("_start").Call(ctx)
+				if err != nil {
+					if exitErr, ok := err.(*sys.ExitError); ok && exitErr.ExitCode() == 0 {
+						// Exited with code 0. Nothing to worry about.
+					} else {
+						t.Error("failed to run _start:", err)
+					}
+				}
+			} else {
+				// Run the _initialize call, because this is reactor mode wasm.
+				mustCall(mod.ExportedFunction("_initialize").Call(ctx))
+				runTests()
+			}
+
+			// Check that the output matches the expected output.
+			// (Skip this for wasm-unknown because it can't produce output).
+			if !tc.noOutput {
+				checkOutput(t, "testdata/wasmexport.txt", output.Bytes())
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// Test js.FuncOf (for syscall/js).
+// This test might be extended in the future to cover more cases in syscall/js.
+func TestWasmFuncOf(t *testing.T) {
+	// Build the wasm binary.
+	tmpdir := t.TempDir()
+	options := optionsFromTarget("wasm", sema)
+	buildConfig, err := builder.NewConfig(&options)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	result, err := builder.Build("testdata/wasmfunc.go", ".wasm", tmpdir, buildConfig)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("failed to build binary:", err)
+	}
+
+	// Test the resulting binary using NodeJS.
+	output := &bytes.Buffer{}
+	cmd := exec.Command("node", "testdata/wasmfunc.js", result.Binary, buildConfig.BuildMode())
+	cmd.Stdout = output
+	cmd.Stderr = output
+	err = cmd.Run()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error("failed to run node:", err)
+	}
+	checkOutput(t, "testdata/wasmfunc.txt", output.Bytes())
+}
+
+// Test //go:wasmexport in JavaScript (using NodeJS).
+func TestWasmExportJS(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	type testCase struct {
+		name      string
+		buildMode string
+	}
+
+	tests := []testCase{
+		{name: "default"},
+		{name: "c-shared", buildMode: "c-shared"},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		tc := tc
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+			// Build the wasm binary.
+			tmpdir := t.TempDir()
+			options := optionsFromTarget("wasm", sema)
+			options.BuildMode = tc.buildMode
+			buildConfig, err := builder.NewConfig(&options)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			result, err := builder.Build("testdata/wasmexport-noscheduler.go", ".wasm", tmpdir, buildConfig)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal("failed to build binary:", err)
+			}
+
+			// Test the resulting binary using NodeJS.
+			output := &bytes.Buffer{}
+			cmd := exec.Command("node", "testdata/wasmexport.js", result.Binary, buildConfig.BuildMode())
+			cmd.Stdout = output
+			cmd.Stderr = output
+			err = cmd.Run()
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Error("failed to run node:", err)
+			}
+			checkOutput(t, "testdata/wasmexport.txt", output.Bytes())
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// Test whether Go.run() (in wasm_exec.js) normally returns and returns the
+// right exit code.
+func TestWasmExit(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	type testCase struct {
+		name   string
+		output string
+	}
+
+	tests := []testCase{
+		{name: "normal", output: "exit code: 0\n"},
+		{name: "exit-0", output: "exit code: 0\n"},
+		{name: "exit-0-sleep", output: "slept\nexit code: 0\n"},
+		{name: "exit-1", output: "exit code: 1\n"},
+		{name: "exit-1-sleep", output: "slept\nexit code: 1\n"},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		tc := tc
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+			options := optionsFromTarget("wasm", sema)
+			buildConfig, err := builder.NewConfig(&options)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			buildConfig.Target.Emulator = "node testdata/wasmexit.js {}"
+			output := &bytes.Buffer{}
+			_, err = buildAndRun("testdata/wasmexit.go", buildConfig, output, []string{tc.name}, nil, time.Minute, func(cmd *exec.Cmd, result builder.BuildResult) error {
+				return cmd.Run()
+			})
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Error(err)
+			}
+			expected := "wasmexit test: " + tc.name + "\n" + tc.output
+			checkOutputData(t, []byte(expected), output.Bytes())
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// Check whether the output of a test equals the expected output.
+func checkOutput(t *testing.T, filename string, actual []byte) {
+	expectedOutput, err := os.ReadFile(filename)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("could not read output file:", err)
+	}
+	checkOutputData(t, expectedOutput, actual)
+}
+
+func checkOutputData(t *testing.T, expectedOutput, actual []byte) {
+	expectedOutput = bytes.ReplaceAll(expectedOutput, []byte("\r\n"), []byte("\n"))
+	actual = bytes.ReplaceAll(actual, []byte("\r\n"), []byte("\n"))
+
+	if !bytes.Equal(actual, expectedOutput) {
+		t.Errorf("output did not match (expected %d bytes, got %d bytes):", len(expectedOutput), len(actual))
+		t.Error(string(Diff("expected", expectedOutput, "actual", actual)))
+	}
+}
+
 func TestTest(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()

@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+package macos
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// Exported symbols copied from Big Go, but stripped of functionality.
+// Allows building of crypto/x509 on macOS.
+
+const (
+	ErrSecCertificateExpired = -67818
+	ErrSecHostNameMismatch   = -67602
+	ErrSecNotTrusted         = -67843
+)
+
+var ErrNoTrustSettings = errors.New("no trust settings found")
+var SecPolicyAppleSSL = StringToCFString("1.2.840.113635.100.1.3") // defined by POLICYMACRO
+var SecPolicyOid = StringToCFString("SecPolicyOid")
+var SecTrustSettingsPolicy = StringToCFString("kSecTrustSettingsPolicy")
+var SecTrustSettingsPolicyString = StringToCFString("kSecTrustSettingsPolicyString")
+var SecTrustSettingsResultKey = StringToCFString("kSecTrustSettingsResult")
+
+func CFArrayAppendValue(array CFRef, val CFRef) {}
+
+func CFArrayGetCount(array CFRef) int {
+	return 0
+}
+
+func CFDataGetBytePtr(data CFRef) uintptr {
+	return 0
+}
+
+func CFDataGetLength(data CFRef) int {
+	return 0
+}
+
+func CFDataToSlice(data CFRef) []byte {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func CFEqual(a, b CFRef) bool {
+	return false
+}
+
+func CFErrorGetCode(errRef CFRef) int {
+	return 0
+}
+
+func CFNumberGetValue(num CFRef) (int32, error) {
+	return 0, errors.New("not implemented")
+}
+
+func CFRelease(ref CFRef) {}
+
+func CFStringToString(ref CFRef) string {
+	return ""
+}
+
+func ReleaseCFArray(array CFRef) {}
+
+func SecCertificateCopyData(cert CFRef) ([]byte, error) {
+	return nil, errors.New("not implemented")
+}
+
+func SecTrustEvaluateWithError(trustObj CFRef) (int, error) {
+	return 0, errors.New("not implemented")
+}
+
+func SecTrustGetCertificateCount(trustObj CFRef) int {
+	return 0
+}
+
+func SecTrustGetResult(trustObj CFRef, result CFRef) (CFRef, CFRef, error) {
+	return 0, 0, errors.New("not implemented")
+}
+
+func SecTrustSetVerifyDate(trustObj CFRef, dateRef CFRef) error {
+	return errors.New("not implemented")
+}
+
+type CFRef uintptr
+
+func BytesToCFData(b []byte) CFRef {
+	return 0
+}
+
+func CFArrayCreateMutable() CFRef {
+	return 0
+}
+
+func CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(array CFRef, index int) CFRef {
+	return 0
+}
+
+func CFDateCreate(seconds float64) CFRef {
+	return 0
+}
+
+func CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent(dict CFRef, key CFString) (value CFRef, ok bool) {
+	return 0, false
+}
+
+func CFErrorCopyDescription(errRef CFRef) CFRef {
+	return 0
+}
+
+func CFStringCreateExternalRepresentation(strRef CFRef) (CFRef, error) {
+	return 0, errors.New("not implemented")
+}
+
+func SecCertificateCreateWithData(b []byte) (CFRef, error) {
+	return 0, errors.New("not implemented")
+}
+
+func SecPolicyCreateSSL(name string) (CFRef, error) {
+	return 0, errors.New("not implemented")
+}
+
+func SecTrustCreateWithCertificates(certs CFRef, policies CFRef) (CFRef, error) {
+	return 0, errors.New("not implemented")
+}
+
+func SecTrustEvaluate(trustObj CFRef) (CFRef, error) {
+	return 0, errors.New("not implemented")
+}
+
+func SecTrustGetCertificateAtIndex(trustObj CFRef, i int) (CFRef, error) {
+	return 0, errors.New("not implemented")
+}
+
+func SecTrustSettingsCopyCertificates(domain SecTrustSettingsDomain) (certArray CFRef, err error) {
+	return 0, errors.New("not implemented")
+}
+
+func SecTrustSettingsCopyTrustSettings(cert CFRef, domain SecTrustSettingsDomain) (trustSettings CFRef, err error) {
+	return 0, errors.New("not implemented")
+}
+
+func TimeToCFDateRef(t time.Time) CFRef {
+	return 0
+}
+
+type CFString CFRef
+
+func StringToCFString(s string) CFString {
+	return 0
+}
+
+type OSStatus struct {
+	// Has unexported fields.
+}
+
+func (s OSStatus) Error() string
+
+type SecTrustResultType int32
+
+const (
+	SecTrustResultInvalid SecTrustResultType = iota
+	SecTrustResultProceed
+	SecTrustResultConfirm // deprecated
+	SecTrustResultDeny
+	SecTrustResultUnspecified
+	SecTrustResultRecoverableTrustFailure
+	SecTrustResultFatalTrustFailure
+	SecTrustResultOtherError
+)
+
+type SecTrustSettingsDomain int32
+
+const (
+	SecTrustSettingsDomainUser SecTrustSettingsDomain = iota
+	SecTrustSettingsDomainAdmin
+	SecTrustSettingsDomainSystem
+)
+
+type SecTrustSettingsResult int32
+
+const (
+	SecTrustSettingsResultInvalid SecTrustSettingsResult = iota
+	SecTrustSettingsResultTrustRoot
+	SecTrustSettingsResultTrustAsRoot
+	SecTrustSettingsResultDeny
+	SecTrustSettingsResultUnspecified
+)
@@ -30,3 +30,8 @@ func (littleEndian) AppendUint16(b []byte, v uint16) []byte {
 func (littleEndian) Uint32(b []byte) uint32 {
 	return uint32(b[0]) | uint32(b[1])<<8 | uint32(b[2])<<16 | uint32(b[3])<<24
 }
+
+func (littleEndian) Uint64(b []byte) uint64 {
+	return uint64(b[0]) | uint64(b[1])<<8 | uint64(b[2])<<16 | uint64(b[3])<<24 |
+		uint64(b[4])<<32 | uint64(b[5])<<40 | uint64(b[6])<<48 | uint64(b[7])<<56
+}
@@ -2,6 +2,11 @@ package cm

 import "unsafe"

+// AnyInteger is a type constraint for any integer type.
+type AnyInteger interface {
+	~int | ~uint | ~uintptr | ~int8 | ~uint8 | ~int16 | ~uint16 | ~int32 | ~uint32 | ~int64 | ~uint64
+}
+
 // Reinterpret reinterprets the bits of type From into type T.
 // Will panic if the size of From is smaller than the size of To.
 func Reinterpret[T, From any](from From) (to T) {
@@ -19,19 +24,19 @@ func LowerString[S ~string](s S) (*byte, uint32) {
 }

 // LiftString lifts Core WebAssembly types into a [string].
-func LiftString[T ~string, Data unsafe.Pointer | uintptr | *uint8, Len uint | uintptr | uint32 | uint64](data Data, len Len) T {
+func LiftString[T ~string, Data unsafe.Pointer | uintptr | *uint8, Len AnyInteger](data Data, len Len) T {
 	return T(unsafe.String((*uint8)(unsafe.Pointer(data)), int(len)))
 }

 // LowerList lowers a [List] into a pair of Core WebAssembly types.
-func LowerList[L ~struct{ list[T] }, T any](list L) (*T, uint32) {
+func LowerList[L AnyList[T], T any](list L) (*T, uint32) {
 	l := (*List[T])(unsafe.Pointer(&list))
 	return l.data, uint32(l.len)
 }

 // LiftList lifts Core WebAssembly types into a [List].
-func LiftList[L List[T], T any, Data unsafe.Pointer | uintptr | *T, Len uint | uintptr | uint32 | uint64](data Data, len Len) L {
-	return L(NewList((*T)(unsafe.Pointer(data)), uint(len)))
+func LiftList[L AnyList[T], T any, Data unsafe.Pointer | uintptr | *T, Len AnyInteger](data Data, len Len) L {
+	return L(NewList((*T)(unsafe.Pointer(data)), len))
 }

 // BoolToU32 converts a value whose underlying type is [bool] into a [uint32].
@@ -84,6 +89,25 @@ func F64ToU64(v float64) uint64 { return *(*uint64)(unsafe.Pointer(&v)) }
 // [Canonical ABI]: https://github.com/WebAssembly/component-model/blob/main/design/mvp/CanonicalABI.md
 func U64ToF64(v uint64) float64 { return *(*float64)(unsafe.Pointer(&v)) }

+// F32ToU64 maps the bits of a [float32] into a [uint64].
+// Used to lower a [float32] into a Core WebAssembly i64 when required by the [Canonical ABI].
+//
+// [float32]: https://pkg.go.dev/builtin#float32
+// [uint64]: https://pkg.go.dev/builtin#uint64
+// [Canonical ABI]: https://github.com/WebAssembly/component-model/blob/main/design/mvp/CanonicalABI.md
+func F32ToU64(v float32) uint64 { return uint64(*(*uint32)(unsafe.Pointer(&v))) }
+
+// U64ToF32 maps the bits of a [uint64] into a [float32].
+// Used to lift a Core WebAssembly i64 into a [float32] when required by the [Canonical ABI].
+//
+// [uint64]: https://pkg.go.dev/builtin#uint64
+// [float32]: https://pkg.go.dev/builtin#float32
+// [Canonical ABI]: https://github.com/WebAssembly/component-model/blob/main/design/mvp/CanonicalABI.md
+func U64ToF32(v uint64) float32 {
+	truncated := uint32(v)
+	return *(*float32)(unsafe.Pointer(&truncated))
+}
+
 // PointerToU32 converts a pointer of type *T into a [uint32].
 // Used to lower a pointer into a Core WebAssembly i32 as specified in the [Canonical ABI].
 //
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//go:build !go1.23
+
+package cm
+
+// HostLayout marks a struct as using host memory layout.
+// See [structs.HostLayout] in Go 1.23 or later.
+type HostLayout struct {
+	_ hostLayout // prevent accidental conversion with plain struct{}
+}
+
+type hostLayout struct{}
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+//go:build go1.23
+
+package cm
+
+import "structs"
+
+// HostLayout marks a struct as using host memory layout.
+// See [structs.HostLayout] in Go 1.23 or later.
+type HostLayout = structs.HostLayout
@@ -4,14 +4,25 @@ import "unsafe"

 // List represents a Component Model list.
 // The binary representation of list<T> is similar to a Go slice minus the cap field.
-type List[T any] struct{ list[T] }
+type List[T any] struct {
+	_ HostLayout
+	list[T]
+}
+
+// AnyList is a type constraint for generic functions that accept any [List] type.
+type AnyList[T any] interface {
+	~struct {
+		_ HostLayout
+		list[T]
+	}
+}

 // NewList returns a List[T] from data and len.
-func NewList[T any](data *T, len uint) List[T] {
+func NewList[T any, Len AnyInteger](data *T, len Len) List[T] {
 	return List[T]{
-		list[T]{
+		list: list[T]{
 			data: data,
-			len:  len,
+			len:  uintptr(len),
 		},
 	}
 }
@@ -20,15 +31,16 @@ func NewList[T any](data *T, len uint) List[T] {
 // The underlying slice data is not copied, and the resulting List points at the
 // same array storage as the slice.
 func ToList[S ~[]T, T any](s S) List[T] {
-	return NewList[T](unsafe.SliceData([]T(s)), uint(len(s)))
+	return NewList[T](unsafe.SliceData([]T(s)), uintptr(len(s)))
 }

 // list represents the internal representation of a Component Model list.
 // It is intended to be embedded in a [List], so embedding types maintain
 // the methods defined on this type.
 type list[T any] struct {
+	_    HostLayout
 	data *T
-	len  uint
+	len  uintptr
 }

 // Slice returns a Go slice representing the List.
@@ -42,7 +54,7 @@ func (l list[T]) Data() *T {
 }

 // Len returns the length of the list.
-// TODO: should this return an int instead of a uint?
-func (l list[T]) Len() uint {
+// TODO: should this return an int instead of a uintptr?
+func (l list[T]) Len() uintptr {
 	return l.len
 }
@@ -3,7 +3,10 @@ package cm
 // Option represents a Component Model [option<T>] type.
 //
 // [option<T>]: https://component-model.bytecodealliance.org/design/wit.html#options
-type Option[T any] struct{ option[T] }
+type Option[T any] struct {
+	_ HostLayout
+	option[T]
+}

 // None returns an [Option] representing the none case,
 // equivalent to the zero value.
@@ -14,7 +17,7 @@ func None[T any]() Option[T] {
 // Some returns an [Option] representing the some case.
 func Some[T any](v T) Option[T] {
 	return Option[T]{
-		option[T]{
+		option: option[T]{
 			isSome: true,
 			some:   v,
 		},
@@ -25,6 +28,7 @@ func Some[T any](v T) Option[T] {
 // The first byte is a bool representing none or some,
 // followed by storage for the associated type T.
 type option[T any] struct {
+	_      HostLayout
 	isSome bool
 	some   T
 }
@@ -42,3 +46,14 @@ func (o *option[T]) Some() *T {
 	}
 	return nil
 }
+
+// Value returns T if o represents the some case,
+// or the zero value of T if o represents the none case.
+// This does not have a pointer receiver, so it can be chained.
+func (o option[T]) Value() T {
+	if !o.isSome {
+		var zero T
+		return zero
+	}
+	return o.some
+}
@@ -17,10 +17,22 @@ type BoolResult bool
 // Result represents a result sized to hold the Shape type.
 // The size of the Shape type must be greater than or equal to the size of OK and Err types.
 // For results with two zero-length types, use [BoolResult].
-type Result[Shape, OK, Err any] struct{ result[Shape, OK, Err] }
+type Result[Shape, OK, Err any] struct {
+	_ HostLayout
+	result[Shape, OK, Err]
+}
+
+// AnyResult is a type constraint for generic functions that accept any [Result] type.
+type AnyResult[Shape, OK, Err any] interface {
+	~struct {
+		_ HostLayout
+		result[Shape, OK, Err]
+	}
+}

 // result represents the internal representation of a Component Model result type.
 type result[Shape, OK, Err any] struct {
+	_     HostLayout
 	isErr bool
 	_     [0]OK
 	_     [0]Err
@@ -59,6 +71,16 @@ func (r *result[Shape, OK, Err]) Err() *Err {
 	return (*Err)(unsafe.Pointer(&r.data))
 }

+// Result returns (OK, zero value of Err, false) if r represents the OK case,
+// or (zero value of OK, Err, true) if r represents the error case.
+// This does not have a pointer receiver, so it can be chained.
+func (r result[Shape, OK, Err]) Result() (ok OK, err Err, isErr bool) {
+	if r.isErr {
+		return ok, *(*Err)(unsafe.Pointer(&r.data)), true
+	}
+	return *(*OK)(unsafe.Pointer(&r.data)), err, false
+}
+
 // This function is sized so it can be inlined and optimized away.
 func (r *result[Shape, OK, Err]) validate() {
 	var shape Shape
@@ -88,8 +110,8 @@ func (r *result[Shape, OK, Err]) validate() {

 // OK returns an OK result with shape Shape and type OK and Err.
 // Pass Result[OK, OK, Err] or Result[Err, OK, Err] as the first type argument.
-func OK[R ~struct{ result[Shape, OK, Err] }, Shape, OK, Err any](ok OK) R {
-	var r struct{ result[Shape, OK, Err] }
+func OK[R AnyResult[Shape, OK, Err], Shape, OK, Err any](ok OK) R {
+	var r Result[Shape, OK, Err]
 	r.validate()
 	r.isErr = ResultOK
 	*((*OK)(unsafe.Pointer(&r.data))) = ok
@@ -98,8 +120,8 @@ func OK[R ~struct{ result[Shape, OK, Err] }, Shape, OK, Err any](ok OK) R {

 // Err returns an error result with shape Shape and type OK and Err.
 // Pass Result[OK, OK, Err] or Result[Err, OK, Err] as the first type argument.
-func Err[R ~struct{ result[Shape, OK, Err] }, Shape, OK, Err any](err Err) R {
-	var r struct{ result[Shape, OK, Err] }
+func Err[R AnyResult[Shape, OK, Err], Shape, OK, Err any](err Err) R {
+	var r Result[Shape, OK, Err]
 	r.validate()
 	r.isErr = ResultErr
 	*((*Err)(unsafe.Pointer(&r.data))) = err
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ package cm
 //
 // [Component Model tuple]: https://component-model.bytecodealliance.org/design/wit.html#tuples
 type Tuple[T0, T1 any] struct {
+	_  HostLayout
 	F0 T0
 	F1 T1
 }
@@ -12,6 +13,7 @@ type Tuple[T0, T1 any] struct {
 //
 // [Component Model tuple]: https://component-model.bytecodealliance.org/design/wit.html#tuples
 type Tuple3[T0, T1, T2 any] struct {
+	_  HostLayout
 	F0 T0
 	F1 T1
 	F2 T2
@@ -21,6 +23,7 @@ type Tuple3[T0, T1, T2 any] struct {
 //
 // [Component Model tuple]: https://component-model.bytecodealliance.org/design/wit.html#tuples
 type Tuple4[T0, T1, T2, T3 any] struct {
+	_  HostLayout
 	F0 T0
 	F1 T1
 	F2 T2
@@ -31,6 +34,7 @@ type Tuple4[T0, T1, T2, T3 any] struct {
 //
 // [Component Model tuple]: https://component-model.bytecodealliance.org/design/wit.html#tuples
 type Tuple5[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4 any] struct {
+	_  HostLayout
 	F0 T0
 	F1 T1
 	F2 T2
@@ -42,6 +46,7 @@ type Tuple5[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4 any] struct {
 //
 // [Component Model tuple]: https://component-model.bytecodealliance.org/design/wit.html#tuples
 type Tuple6[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 any] struct {
+	_  HostLayout
 	F0 T0
 	F1 T1
 	F2 T2
@@ -54,6 +59,7 @@ type Tuple6[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 any] struct {
 //
 // [Component Model tuple]: https://component-model.bytecodealliance.org/design/wit.html#tuples
 type Tuple7[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 any] struct {
+	_  HostLayout
 	F0 T0
 	F1 T1
 	F2 T2
@@ -67,6 +73,7 @@ type Tuple7[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 any] struct {
 //
 // [Component Model tuple]: https://component-model.bytecodealliance.org/design/wit.html#tuples
 type Tuple8[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7 any] struct {
+	_  HostLayout
 	F0 T0
 	F1 T1
 	F2 T2
@@ -81,6 +88,7 @@ type Tuple8[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7 any] struct {
 //
 // [Component Model tuple]: https://component-model.bytecodealliance.org/design/wit.html#tuples
 type Tuple9[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8 any] struct {
+	_  HostLayout
 	F0 T0
 	F1 T1
 	F2 T2
@@ -96,6 +104,7 @@ type Tuple9[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8 any] struct {
 //
 // [Component Model tuple]: https://component-model.bytecodealliance.org/design/wit.html#tuples
 type Tuple10[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9 any] struct {
+	_  HostLayout
 	F0 T0
 	F1 T1
 	F2 T2
@@ -112,6 +121,7 @@ type Tuple10[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9 any] struct {
 //
 // [Component Model tuple]: https://component-model.bytecodealliance.org/design/wit.html#tuples
 type Tuple11[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10 any] struct {
+	_   HostLayout
 	F0  T0
 	F1  T1
 	F2  T2
@@ -129,6 +139,7 @@ type Tuple11[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10 any] struct {
 //
 // [Component Model tuple]: https://component-model.bytecodealliance.org/design/wit.html#tuples
 type Tuple12[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11 any] struct {
+	_   HostLayout
 	F0  T0
 	F1  T1
 	F2  T2
@@ -147,6 +158,7 @@ type Tuple12[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11 any] struct {
 //
 // [Component Model tuple]: https://component-model.bytecodealliance.org/design/wit.html#tuples
 type Tuple13[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12 any] struct {
+	_   HostLayout
 	F0  T0
 	F1  T1
 	F2  T2
@@ -166,6 +178,7 @@ type Tuple13[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12 any] struct {
 //
 // [Component Model tuple]: https://component-model.bytecodealliance.org/design/wit.html#tuples
 type Tuple14[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13 any] struct {
+	_   HostLayout
 	F0  T0
 	F1  T1
 	F2  T2
@@ -186,6 +199,7 @@ type Tuple14[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13 any] str
 //
 // [Component Model tuple]: https://component-model.bytecodealliance.org/design/wit.html#tuples
 type Tuple15[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14 any] struct {
+	_   HostLayout
 	F0  T0
 	F1  T1
 	F2  T2
@@ -207,6 +221,7 @@ type Tuple15[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14 any
 //
 // [Component Model tuple]: https://component-model.bytecodealliance.org/design/wit.html#tuples
 type Tuple16[T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15 any] struct {
+	_   HostLayout
 	F0  T0
 	F1  T1
 	F2  T2
@@ -12,7 +12,18 @@ type Discriminant interface {
 // Variant represents a loosely-typed Component Model variant.
 // Shape and Align must be non-zero sized types. To create a variant with no associated
 // types, use an enum.
-type Variant[Tag Discriminant, Shape, Align any] struct{ variant[Tag, Shape, Align] }
+type Variant[Tag Discriminant, Shape, Align any] struct {
+	_ HostLayout
+	variant[Tag, Shape, Align]
+}
+
+// AnyVariant is a type constraint for generic functions that accept any [Variant] type.
+type AnyVariant[Tag Discriminant, Shape, Align any] interface {
+	~struct {
+		_ HostLayout
+		variant[Tag, Shape, Align]
+	}
+}

 // NewVariant returns a [Variant] with tag of type Disc, storage and GC shape of type Shape,
 // aligned to type Align, with a value of type T.
@@ -26,7 +37,7 @@ func NewVariant[Tag Discriminant, Shape, Align any, T any](tag Tag, data T) Vari

 // New returns a [Variant] with tag of type Disc, storage and GC shape of type Shape,
 // aligned to type Align, with a value of type T.
-func New[V ~struct{ variant[Tag, Shape, Align] }, Tag Discriminant, Shape, Align any, T any](tag Tag, data T) V {
+func New[V AnyVariant[Tag, Shape, Align], Tag Discriminant, Shape, Align any, T any](tag Tag, data T) V {
 	validateVariant[Tag, Shape, Align, T]()
 	var v variant[Tag, Shape, Align]
 	v.tag = tag
@@ -35,7 +46,7 @@ func New[V ~struct{ variant[Tag, Shape, Align] }, Tag Discriminant, Shape, Align
 }

 // Case returns a non-nil *T if the [Variant] case is equal to tag, otherwise it returns nil.
-func Case[T any, V ~struct{ variant[Tag, Shape, Align] }, Tag Discriminant, Shape, Align any](v *V, tag Tag) *T {
+func Case[T any, V AnyVariant[Tag, Shape, Align], Tag Discriminant, Shape, Align any](v *V, tag Tag) *T {
 	validateVariant[Tag, Shape, Align, T]()
 	v2 := (*variant[Tag, Shape, Align])(unsafe.Pointer(v))
 	if v2.tag == tag {
@@ -47,6 +58,7 @@ func Case[T any, V ~struct{ variant[Tag, Shape, Align] }, Tag Discriminant, Shap
 // variant is the internal representation of a Component Model variant.
 // Shape and Align must be non-zero sized types.
 type variant[Tag Discriminant, Shape, Align any] struct {
+	_    HostLayout
 	tag  Tag
 	_    [0]Align
 	data Shape // [unsafe.Sizeof(*(*Shape)(unsafe.Pointer(nil)))]byte
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+package gclayout
+
+import "unsafe"
+
+// Internal constants for gc layout
+// See runtime/gc_precise.go
+
+var (
+	NoPtrs  unsafe.Pointer
+	Pointer unsafe.Pointer
+	String  unsafe.Pointer
+	Slice   unsafe.Pointer
+)
+
+func init() {
+	var sizeBits uintptr
+
+	switch unsafe.Sizeof(uintptr(0)) {
+	case 8:
+		sizeBits = 6
+	case 4:
+		sizeBits = 5
+	case 2:
+		sizeBits = 4
+	}
+
+	var sizeShift = sizeBits + 1
+
+	NoPtrs = unsafe.Pointer(uintptr(0b0<<sizeShift) | uintptr(0b1<<1) | uintptr(1))
+	Pointer = unsafe.Pointer(uintptr(0b1<<sizeShift) | uintptr(0b1<<1) | uintptr(1))
+	String = unsafe.Pointer(uintptr(0b01<<sizeShift) | uintptr(0b10<<1) | uintptr(1))
+	Slice = unsafe.Pointer(uintptr(0b001<<sizeShift) | uintptr(0b11<<1) | uintptr(1))
+}
@@ -30,3 +30,6 @@ type Task struct {
 // the given function and falls back to the default stack size. It is replaced
 // with a load from a special section just before codegen.
 func getGoroutineStackSize(fn uintptr) uintptr
+
+//go:linkname runtime_alloc runtime.alloc
+func runtime_alloc(size uintptr, layout unsafe.Pointer) unsafe.Pointer
@@ -35,11 +35,16 @@ type state struct {
 type stackState struct {
 	// asyncify is the stack pointer of the asyncify stack.
 	// This starts from the bottom and grows upwards.
-	asyncifysp uintptr
+	asyncifysp unsafe.Pointer

 	// asyncify is stack pointer of the C stack.
 	// This starts from the top and grows downwards.
-	csp uintptr
+	csp unsafe.Pointer
+
+	// Pointer to the first (lowest address) of the stack. It must never be
+	// overwritten. It can be checked from time to time to see whether a stack
+	// overflow happened in the past.
+	canaryPtr *uintptr
 }

 // start creates and starts a new goroutine with the given function and arguments.
@@ -63,12 +68,18 @@ func (s *state) initialize(fn uintptr, args unsafe.Pointer, stackSize uintptr) {
 	s.args = args

 	// Create a stack.
-	stack := make([]uintptr, stackSize/unsafe.Sizeof(uintptr(0)))
+	stack := runtime_alloc(stackSize, nil)
+
+	// Set up the stack canary, a random number that should be checked when
+	// switching from the task back to the scheduler. The stack canary pointer
+	// points to the first word of the stack. If it has changed between now and
+	// the next stack switch, there was a stack overflow.
+	s.canaryPtr = (*uintptr)(stack)
+	*s.canaryPtr = stackCanary

 	// Calculate stack base addresses.
-	s.asyncifysp = uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&stack[0]))
-	s.csp = uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&stack[0])) + uintptr(len(stack))*unsafe.Sizeof(uintptr(0))
-	stack[0] = stackCanary
+	s.asyncifysp = unsafe.Add(stack, unsafe.Sizeof(uintptr(0)))
+	s.csp = unsafe.Add(stack, stackSize)
 }

 //go:linkname runqueuePushBack runtime.runqueuePushBack
@@ -85,14 +96,11 @@ func Current() *Task {
 // Pause suspends the current task and returns to the scheduler.
 // This function may only be called when running on a goroutine stack, not when running on the system stack.
 func Pause() {
-	// This is mildly unsafe but this is also the only place we can do this.
-	if *(*uintptr)(unsafe.Pointer(currentTask.state.asyncifysp)) != stackCanary {
+	if *currentTask.state.canaryPtr != stackCanary {
 		runtimePanic("stack overflow")
 	}

 	currentTask.state.unwind()
-
-	*(*uintptr)(unsafe.Pointer(currentTask.state.asyncifysp)) = stackCanary
 }

 //export tinygo_unwind
@@ -113,7 +121,7 @@ func (t *Task) Resume() {
 	}
 	currentTask = prevTask
 	t.gcData.swap()
-	if t.state.asyncifysp > t.state.csp {
+	if uintptr(t.state.asyncifysp) > uintptr(t.state.csp) {
 		runtimePanic("stack overflow")
 	}
 }
@@ -104,9 +104,6 @@ var startTask [0]uint8
 //go:linkname runqueuePushBack runtime.runqueuePushBack
 func runqueuePushBack(*Task)

-//go:linkname runtime_alloc runtime.alloc
-func runtime_alloc(size uintptr, layout unsafe.Pointer) unsafe.Pointer
-
 // start creates and starts a new goroutine with the given function and arguments.
 // The new goroutine is scheduled to run later.
 func start(fn uintptr, args unsafe.Pointer, stackSize uintptr) {
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// Code generated by wit-bindgen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
+
+package environment
+
+import (
+	"internal/cm"
+)
+
+// This file contains wasmimport and wasmexport declarations for "wasi:cli@0.2.0".
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:cli/environment@0.2.0 get-environment
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_GetEnvironment(result *cm.List[[2]string])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:cli/environment@0.2.0 get-arguments
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_GetArguments(result *cm.List[string])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:cli/environment@0.2.0 initial-cwd
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_InitialCWD(result *cm.Option[string])
@@ -26,10 +26,6 @@ func GetEnvironment() (result cm.List[[2]string]) {
 	return
 }

-//go:wasmimport wasi:cli/environment@0.2.0 get-environment
-//go:noescape
-func wasmimport_GetEnvironment(result *cm.List[[2]string])
-
 // GetArguments represents the imported function "get-arguments".
 //
 // Get the POSIX-style arguments to the program.
@@ -42,10 +38,6 @@ func GetArguments() (result cm.List[string]) {
 	return
 }

-//go:wasmimport wasi:cli/environment@0.2.0 get-arguments
-//go:noescape
-func wasmimport_GetArguments(result *cm.List[string])
-
 // InitialCWD represents the imported function "initial-cwd".
 //
 // Return a path that programs should use as their initial current working
@@ -58,7 +50,3 @@ func InitialCWD() (result cm.Option[string]) {
 	wasmimport_InitialCWD(&result)
 	return
 }
-
-//go:wasmimport wasi:cli/environment@0.2.0 initial-cwd
-//go:noescape
-func wasmimport_InitialCWD(result *cm.Option[string])
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// Code generated by wit-bindgen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
+
+package exit
+
+// This file contains wasmimport and wasmexport declarations for "wasi:cli@0.2.0".
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:cli/exit@0.2.0 exit
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_Exit(status0 uint32)
@@ -19,7 +19,3 @@ func Exit(status cm.BoolResult) {
 	wasmimport_Exit((uint32)(status0))
 	return
 }
-
-//go:wasmimport wasi:cli/exit@0.2.0 exit
-//go:noescape
-func wasmimport_Exit(status0 uint32)
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// Code generated by wit-bindgen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
+
+package run
+
+import (
+	"internal/cm"
+)
+
+// This file contains wasmimport and wasmexport declarations for "wasi:cli@0.2.0".
+
+//go:wasmexport wasi:cli/run@0.2.0#run
+//export wasi:cli/run@0.2.0#run
+func wasmexport_Run() (result0 uint32) {
+	result := Exports.Run()
+	result0 = cm.BoolToU32(result)
+	return
+}
@@ -2,15 +2,3 @@

 // Package run represents the exported interface "wasi:cli/run@0.2.0".
 package run
-
-import (
-	"internal/cm"
-)
-
-//go:wasmexport wasi:cli/run@0.2.0#run
-//export wasi:cli/run@0.2.0#run
-func wasmexport_Run() (result0 uint32) {
-	result := Exports.Run()
-	result0 = cm.BoolToU32(result)
-	return
-}
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// Code generated by wit-bindgen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
+
+package stderr
+
+// This file contains wasmimport and wasmexport declarations for "wasi:cli@0.2.0".
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:cli/stderr@0.2.0 get-stderr
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_GetStderr() (result0 uint32)
@@ -8,17 +8,18 @@ import (
 	"internal/wasi/io/v0.2.0/streams"
 )

+// OutputStream represents the imported type alias "wasi:cli/stderr@0.2.0#output-stream".
+//
+// See [streams.OutputStream] for more information.
+type OutputStream = streams.OutputStream
+
 // GetStderr represents the imported function "get-stderr".
 //
 //	get-stderr: func() -> output-stream
 //
 //go:nosplit
-func GetStderr() (result streams.OutputStream) {
+func GetStderr() (result OutputStream) {
 	result0 := wasmimport_GetStderr()
-	result = cm.Reinterpret[streams.OutputStream]((uint32)(result0))
+	result = cm.Reinterpret[OutputStream]((uint32)(result0))
 	return
 }
-
-//go:wasmimport wasi:cli/stderr@0.2.0 get-stderr
-//go:noescape
-func wasmimport_GetStderr() (result0 uint32)
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// Code generated by wit-bindgen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
+
+package stdin
+
+// This file contains wasmimport and wasmexport declarations for "wasi:cli@0.2.0".
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:cli/stdin@0.2.0 get-stdin
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_GetStdin() (result0 uint32)
@@ -8,17 +8,18 @@ import (
 	"internal/wasi/io/v0.2.0/streams"
 )

+// InputStream represents the imported type alias "wasi:cli/stdin@0.2.0#input-stream".
+//
+// See [streams.InputStream] for more information.
+type InputStream = streams.InputStream
+
 // GetStdin represents the imported function "get-stdin".
 //
 //	get-stdin: func() -> input-stream
 //
 //go:nosplit
-func GetStdin() (result streams.InputStream) {
+func GetStdin() (result InputStream) {
 	result0 := wasmimport_GetStdin()
-	result = cm.Reinterpret[streams.InputStream]((uint32)(result0))
+	result = cm.Reinterpret[InputStream]((uint32)(result0))
 	return
 }
-
-//go:wasmimport wasi:cli/stdin@0.2.0 get-stdin
-//go:noescape
-func wasmimport_GetStdin() (result0 uint32)
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// Code generated by wit-bindgen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
+
+package stdout
+
+// This file contains wasmimport and wasmexport declarations for "wasi:cli@0.2.0".
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:cli/stdout@0.2.0 get-stdout
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_GetStdout() (result0 uint32)
@@ -8,17 +8,18 @@ import (
 	"internal/wasi/io/v0.2.0/streams"
 )

+// OutputStream represents the imported type alias "wasi:cli/stdout@0.2.0#output-stream".
+//
+// See [streams.OutputStream] for more information.
+type OutputStream = streams.OutputStream
+
 // GetStdout represents the imported function "get-stdout".
 //
 //	get-stdout: func() -> output-stream
 //
 //go:nosplit
-func GetStdout() (result streams.OutputStream) {
+func GetStdout() (result OutputStream) {
 	result0 := wasmimport_GetStdout()
-	result = cm.Reinterpret[streams.OutputStream]((uint32)(result0))
+	result = cm.Reinterpret[OutputStream]((uint32)(result0))
 	return
 }
-
-//go:wasmimport wasi:cli/stdout@0.2.0 get-stdout
-//go:noescape
-func wasmimport_GetStdout() (result0 uint32)
@@ -30,7 +30,3 @@ func (self TerminalInput) ResourceDrop() {
 	wasmimport_TerminalInputResourceDrop((uint32)(self0))
 	return
 }
-
-//go:wasmimport wasi:cli/terminal-input@0.2.0 [resource-drop]terminal-input
-//go:noescape
-func wasmimport_TerminalInputResourceDrop(self0 uint32)
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// Code generated by wit-bindgen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
+
+package terminalinput
+
+// This file contains wasmimport and wasmexport declarations for "wasi:cli@0.2.0".
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:cli/terminal-input@0.2.0 [resource-drop]terminal-input
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_TerminalInputResourceDrop(self0 uint32)
@@ -30,7 +30,3 @@ func (self TerminalOutput) ResourceDrop() {
 	wasmimport_TerminalOutputResourceDrop((uint32)(self0))
 	return
 }
-
-//go:wasmimport wasi:cli/terminal-output@0.2.0 [resource-drop]terminal-output
-//go:noescape
-func wasmimport_TerminalOutputResourceDrop(self0 uint32)
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// Code generated by wit-bindgen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
+
+package terminaloutput
+
+// This file contains wasmimport and wasmexport declarations for "wasi:cli@0.2.0".
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:cli/terminal-output@0.2.0 [resource-drop]terminal-output
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_TerminalOutputResourceDrop(self0 uint32)
@@ -11,6 +11,11 @@ import (
 	terminaloutput "internal/wasi/cli/v0.2.0/terminal-output"
 )

+// TerminalOutput represents the imported type alias "wasi:cli/terminal-stderr@0.2.0#terminal-output".
+//
+// See [terminaloutput.TerminalOutput] for more information.
+type TerminalOutput = terminaloutput.TerminalOutput
+
 // GetTerminalStderr represents the imported function "get-terminal-stderr".
 //
 // If stderr is connected to a terminal, return a `terminal-output` handle
@@ -19,11 +24,7 @@ import (
 //	get-terminal-stderr: func() -> option<terminal-output>
 //
 //go:nosplit
-func GetTerminalStderr() (result cm.Option[terminaloutput.TerminalOutput]) {
+func GetTerminalStderr() (result cm.Option[TerminalOutput]) {
 	wasmimport_GetTerminalStderr(&result)
 	return
 }
-
-//go:wasmimport wasi:cli/terminal-stderr@0.2.0 get-terminal-stderr
-//go:noescape
-func wasmimport_GetTerminalStderr(result *cm.Option[terminaloutput.TerminalOutput])
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Code generated by wit-bindgen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
+
+package terminalstderr
+
+import (
+	"internal/cm"
+)
+
+// This file contains wasmimport and wasmexport declarations for "wasi:cli@0.2.0".
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:cli/terminal-stderr@0.2.0 get-terminal-stderr
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_GetTerminalStderr(result *cm.Option[TerminalOutput])
@@ -11,6 +11,11 @@ import (
 	terminalinput "internal/wasi/cli/v0.2.0/terminal-input"
 )

+// TerminalInput represents the imported type alias "wasi:cli/terminal-stdin@0.2.0#terminal-input".
+//
+// See [terminalinput.TerminalInput] for more information.
+type TerminalInput = terminalinput.TerminalInput
+
 // GetTerminalStdin represents the imported function "get-terminal-stdin".
 //
 // If stdin is connected to a terminal, return a `terminal-input` handle
@@ -19,11 +24,7 @@ import (
 //	get-terminal-stdin: func() -> option<terminal-input>
 //
 //go:nosplit
-func GetTerminalStdin() (result cm.Option[terminalinput.TerminalInput]) {
+func GetTerminalStdin() (result cm.Option[TerminalInput]) {
 	wasmimport_GetTerminalStdin(&result)
 	return
 }
-
-//go:wasmimport wasi:cli/terminal-stdin@0.2.0 get-terminal-stdin
-//go:noescape
-func wasmimport_GetTerminalStdin(result *cm.Option[terminalinput.TerminalInput])
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Code generated by wit-bindgen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
+
+package terminalstdin
+
+import (
+	"internal/cm"
+)
+
+// This file contains wasmimport and wasmexport declarations for "wasi:cli@0.2.0".
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:cli/terminal-stdin@0.2.0 get-terminal-stdin
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_GetTerminalStdin(result *cm.Option[TerminalInput])
@@ -11,6 +11,11 @@ import (
 	terminaloutput "internal/wasi/cli/v0.2.0/terminal-output"
 )

+// TerminalOutput represents the imported type alias "wasi:cli/terminal-stdout@0.2.0#terminal-output".
+//
+// See [terminaloutput.TerminalOutput] for more information.
+type TerminalOutput = terminaloutput.TerminalOutput
+
 // GetTerminalStdout represents the imported function "get-terminal-stdout".
 //
 // If stdout is connected to a terminal, return a `terminal-output` handle
@@ -19,11 +24,7 @@ import (
 //	get-terminal-stdout: func() -> option<terminal-output>
 //
 //go:nosplit
-func GetTerminalStdout() (result cm.Option[terminaloutput.TerminalOutput]) {
+func GetTerminalStdout() (result cm.Option[TerminalOutput]) {
 	wasmimport_GetTerminalStdout(&result)
 	return
 }
-
-//go:wasmimport wasi:cli/terminal-stdout@0.2.0 get-terminal-stdout
-//go:noescape
-func wasmimport_GetTerminalStdout(result *cm.Option[terminaloutput.TerminalOutput])
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Code generated by wit-bindgen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
+
+package terminalstdout
+
+import (
+	"internal/cm"
+)
+
+// This file contains wasmimport and wasmexport declarations for "wasi:cli@0.2.0".
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:cli/terminal-stdout@0.2.0 get-terminal-stdout
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_GetTerminalStdout(result *cm.Option[TerminalOutput])
@@ -19,6 +19,11 @@ import (
 	"internal/wasi/io/v0.2.0/poll"
 )

+// Pollable represents the imported type alias "wasi:clocks/monotonic-clock@0.2.0#pollable".
+//
+// See [poll.Pollable] for more information.
+type Pollable = poll.Pollable
+
 // Instant represents the u64 "wasi:clocks/monotonic-clock@0.2.0#instant".
 //
 // An instant in time, in nanoseconds. An instant is relative to an
@@ -51,10 +56,6 @@ func Now() (result Instant) {
 	return
 }

-//go:wasmimport wasi:clocks/monotonic-clock@0.2.0 now
-//go:noescape
-func wasmimport_Now() (result0 uint64)
-
 // Resolution represents the imported function "resolution".
 //
 // Query the resolution of the clock. Returns the duration of time
@@ -69,10 +70,6 @@ func Resolution() (result Duration) {
 	return
 }

-//go:wasmimport wasi:clocks/monotonic-clock@0.2.0 resolution
-//go:noescape
-func wasmimport_Resolution() (result0 uint64)
-
 // SubscribeInstant represents the imported function "subscribe-instant".
 //
 // Create a `pollable` which will resolve once the specified instant
@@ -81,17 +78,13 @@ func wasmimport_Resolution() (result0 uint64)
 //	subscribe-instant: func(when: instant) -> pollable
 //
 //go:nosplit
-func SubscribeInstant(when Instant) (result poll.Pollable) {
+func SubscribeInstant(when Instant) (result Pollable) {
 	when0 := (uint64)(when)
 	result0 := wasmimport_SubscribeInstant((uint64)(when0))
-	result = cm.Reinterpret[poll.Pollable]((uint32)(result0))
+	result = cm.Reinterpret[Pollable]((uint32)(result0))
 	return
 }

-//go:wasmimport wasi:clocks/monotonic-clock@0.2.0 subscribe-instant
-//go:noescape
-func wasmimport_SubscribeInstant(when0 uint64) (result0 uint32)
-
 // SubscribeDuration represents the imported function "subscribe-duration".
 //
 // Create a `pollable` which will resolve once the given duration has
@@ -101,13 +94,9 @@ func wasmimport_SubscribeInstant(when0 uint64) (result0 uint32)
 //	subscribe-duration: func(when: duration) -> pollable
 //
 //go:nosplit
-func SubscribeDuration(when Duration) (result poll.Pollable) {
+func SubscribeDuration(when Duration) (result Pollable) {
 	when0 := (uint64)(when)
 	result0 := wasmimport_SubscribeDuration((uint64)(when0))
-	result = cm.Reinterpret[poll.Pollable]((uint32)(result0))
+	result = cm.Reinterpret[Pollable]((uint32)(result0))
 	return
 }
-
-//go:wasmimport wasi:clocks/monotonic-clock@0.2.0 subscribe-duration
-//go:noescape
-func wasmimport_SubscribeDuration(when0 uint64) (result0 uint32)
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// Code generated by wit-bindgen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
+
+package monotonicclock
+
+// This file contains wasmimport and wasmexport declarations for "wasi:clocks@0.2.0".
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:clocks/monotonic-clock@0.2.0 now
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_Now() (result0 uint64)
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:clocks/monotonic-clock@0.2.0 resolution
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_Resolution() (result0 uint64)
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:clocks/monotonic-clock@0.2.0 subscribe-instant
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_SubscribeInstant(when0 uint64) (result0 uint32)
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:clocks/monotonic-clock@0.2.0 subscribe-duration
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_SubscribeDuration(when0 uint64) (result0 uint32)
@@ -18,6 +18,10 @@
 // It is intended for reporting the current date and time for humans.
 package wallclock

+import (
+	"internal/cm"
+)
+
 // DateTime represents the record "wasi:clocks/wall-clock@0.2.0#datetime".
 //
 // A time and date in seconds plus nanoseconds.
@@ -27,6 +31,7 @@ package wallclock
 //		nanoseconds: u32,
 //	}
 type DateTime struct {
+	_           cm.HostLayout
 	Seconds     uint64
 	Nanoseconds uint32
 }
@@ -55,10 +60,6 @@ func Now() (result DateTime) {
 	return
 }

-//go:wasmimport wasi:clocks/wall-clock@0.2.0 now
-//go:noescape
-func wasmimport_Now(result *DateTime)
-
 // Resolution represents the imported function "resolution".
 //
 // Query the resolution of the clock.
@@ -72,7 +73,3 @@ func Resolution() (result DateTime) {
 	wasmimport_Resolution(&result)
 	return
 }
-
-//go:wasmimport wasi:clocks/wall-clock@0.2.0 resolution
-//go:noescape
-func wasmimport_Resolution(result *DateTime)
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Code generated by wit-bindgen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
+
+package wallclock
+
+// This file contains wasmimport and wasmexport declarations for "wasi:clocks@0.2.0".
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:clocks/wall-clock@0.2.0 now
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_Now(result *DateTime)
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:clocks/wall-clock@0.2.0 resolution
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_Resolution(result *DateTime)
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Code generated by wit-bindgen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
+
+package preopens
+
+import (
+	"internal/cm"
+)
+
+// This file contains wasmimport and wasmexport declarations for "wasi:filesystem@0.2.0".
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/preopens@0.2.0 get-directories
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_GetDirectories(result *cm.List[cm.Tuple[Descriptor, string]])
@@ -8,6 +8,11 @@ import (
 	"internal/wasi/filesystem/v0.2.0/types"
 )

+// Descriptor represents the imported type alias "wasi:filesystem/preopens@0.2.0#descriptor".
+//
+// See [types.Descriptor] for more information.
+type Descriptor = types.Descriptor
+
 // GetDirectories represents the imported function "get-directories".
 //
 // Return the set of preopened directories, and their path.
@@ -15,11 +20,7 @@ import (
 //	get-directories: func() -> list<tuple<descriptor, string>>
 //
 //go:nosplit
-func GetDirectories() (result cm.List[cm.Tuple[types.Descriptor, string]]) {
+func GetDirectories() (result cm.List[cm.Tuple[Descriptor, string]]) {
 	wasmimport_GetDirectories(&result)
 	return
 }
-
-//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/preopens@0.2.0 get-directories
-//go:noescape
-func wasmimport_GetDirectories(result *cm.List[cm.Tuple[types.Descriptor, string]])
@@ -8,18 +8,15 @@ import (
 	"unsafe"
 )

-// DateTimeShape is used for storage in variant or result types.
-type DateTimeShape struct {
-	shape [unsafe.Sizeof(wallclock.DateTime{})]byte
-}
-
 // MetadataHashValueShape is used for storage in variant or result types.
 type MetadataHashValueShape struct {
+	_     cm.HostLayout
 	shape [unsafe.Sizeof(MetadataHashValue{})]byte
 }

 // TupleListU8BoolShape is used for storage in variant or result types.
 type TupleListU8BoolShape struct {
+	_     cm.HostLayout
 	shape [unsafe.Sizeof(cm.Tuple[cm.List[uint8], bool]{})]byte
 }

@@ -42,10 +39,12 @@ func lower_NewTimestamp(v NewTimestamp) (f0 uint32, f1 uint64, f2 uint32) {

 // DescriptorStatShape is used for storage in variant or result types.
 type DescriptorStatShape struct {
+	_     cm.HostLayout
 	shape [unsafe.Sizeof(DescriptorStat{})]byte
 }

 // OptionDirectoryEntryShape is used for storage in variant or result types.
 type OptionDirectoryEntryShape struct {
+	_     cm.HostLayout
 	shape [unsafe.Sizeof(cm.Option[DirectoryEntry]{})]byte
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+// Code generated by wit-bindgen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
+
+package types
+
+import (
+	"internal/cm"
+)
+
+// This file contains wasmimport and wasmexport declarations for "wasi:filesystem@0.2.0".
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [resource-drop]descriptor
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DescriptorResourceDrop(self0 uint32)
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [method]descriptor.advise
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DescriptorAdvise(self0 uint32, offset0 uint64, length0 uint64, advice0 uint32, result *cm.Result[ErrorCode, struct{}, ErrorCode])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [method]descriptor.append-via-stream
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DescriptorAppendViaStream(self0 uint32, result *cm.Result[OutputStream, OutputStream, ErrorCode])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [method]descriptor.create-directory-at
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DescriptorCreateDirectoryAt(self0 uint32, path0 *uint8, path1 uint32, result *cm.Result[ErrorCode, struct{}, ErrorCode])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [method]descriptor.get-flags
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DescriptorGetFlags(self0 uint32, result *cm.Result[DescriptorFlags, DescriptorFlags, ErrorCode])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [method]descriptor.get-type
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DescriptorGetType(self0 uint32, result *cm.Result[DescriptorType, DescriptorType, ErrorCode])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [method]descriptor.is-same-object
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DescriptorIsSameObject(self0 uint32, other0 uint32) (result0 uint32)
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [method]descriptor.link-at
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DescriptorLinkAt(self0 uint32, oldPathFlags0 uint32, oldPath0 *uint8, oldPath1 uint32, newDescriptor0 uint32, newPath0 *uint8, newPath1 uint32, result *cm.Result[ErrorCode, struct{}, ErrorCode])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [method]descriptor.metadata-hash
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DescriptorMetadataHash(self0 uint32, result *cm.Result[MetadataHashValueShape, MetadataHashValue, ErrorCode])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [method]descriptor.metadata-hash-at
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DescriptorMetadataHashAt(self0 uint32, pathFlags0 uint32, path0 *uint8, path1 uint32, result *cm.Result[MetadataHashValueShape, MetadataHashValue, ErrorCode])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [method]descriptor.open-at
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DescriptorOpenAt(self0 uint32, pathFlags0 uint32, path0 *uint8, path1 uint32, openFlags0 uint32, flags0 uint32, result *cm.Result[Descriptor, Descriptor, ErrorCode])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [method]descriptor.read
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DescriptorRead(self0 uint32, length0 uint64, offset0 uint64, result *cm.Result[TupleListU8BoolShape, cm.Tuple[cm.List[uint8], bool], ErrorCode])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [method]descriptor.read-directory
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DescriptorReadDirectory(self0 uint32, result *cm.Result[DirectoryEntryStream, DirectoryEntryStream, ErrorCode])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [method]descriptor.read-via-stream
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DescriptorReadViaStream(self0 uint32, offset0 uint64, result *cm.Result[InputStream, InputStream, ErrorCode])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [method]descriptor.readlink-at
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DescriptorReadLinkAt(self0 uint32, path0 *uint8, path1 uint32, result *cm.Result[string, string, ErrorCode])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [method]descriptor.remove-directory-at
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DescriptorRemoveDirectoryAt(self0 uint32, path0 *uint8, path1 uint32, result *cm.Result[ErrorCode, struct{}, ErrorCode])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [method]descriptor.rename-at
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DescriptorRenameAt(self0 uint32, oldPath0 *uint8, oldPath1 uint32, newDescriptor0 uint32, newPath0 *uint8, newPath1 uint32, result *cm.Result[ErrorCode, struct{}, ErrorCode])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [method]descriptor.set-size
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DescriptorSetSize(self0 uint32, size0 uint64, result *cm.Result[ErrorCode, struct{}, ErrorCode])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [method]descriptor.set-times
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DescriptorSetTimes(self0 uint32, dataAccessTimestamp0 uint32, dataAccessTimestamp1 uint64, dataAccessTimestamp2 uint32, dataModificationTimestamp0 uint32, dataModificationTimestamp1 uint64, dataModificationTimestamp2 uint32, result *cm.Result[ErrorCode, struct{}, ErrorCode])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [method]descriptor.set-times-at
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DescriptorSetTimesAt(self0 uint32, pathFlags0 uint32, path0 *uint8, path1 uint32, dataAccessTimestamp0 uint32, dataAccessTimestamp1 uint64, dataAccessTimestamp2 uint32, dataModificationTimestamp0 uint32, dataModificationTimestamp1 uint64, dataModificationTimestamp2 uint32, result *cm.Result[ErrorCode, struct{}, ErrorCode])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [method]descriptor.stat
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DescriptorStat(self0 uint32, result *cm.Result[DescriptorStatShape, DescriptorStat, ErrorCode])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [method]descriptor.stat-at
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DescriptorStatAt(self0 uint32, pathFlags0 uint32, path0 *uint8, path1 uint32, result *cm.Result[DescriptorStatShape, DescriptorStat, ErrorCode])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [method]descriptor.symlink-at
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DescriptorSymlinkAt(self0 uint32, oldPath0 *uint8, oldPath1 uint32, newPath0 *uint8, newPath1 uint32, result *cm.Result[ErrorCode, struct{}, ErrorCode])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [method]descriptor.sync
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DescriptorSync(self0 uint32, result *cm.Result[ErrorCode, struct{}, ErrorCode])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [method]descriptor.sync-data
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DescriptorSyncData(self0 uint32, result *cm.Result[ErrorCode, struct{}, ErrorCode])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [method]descriptor.unlink-file-at
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DescriptorUnlinkFileAt(self0 uint32, path0 *uint8, path1 uint32, result *cm.Result[ErrorCode, struct{}, ErrorCode])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [method]descriptor.write
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DescriptorWrite(self0 uint32, buffer0 *uint8, buffer1 uint32, offset0 uint64, result *cm.Result[uint64, FileSize, ErrorCode])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [method]descriptor.write-via-stream
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DescriptorWriteViaStream(self0 uint32, offset0 uint64, result *cm.Result[OutputStream, OutputStream, ErrorCode])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [resource-drop]directory-entry-stream
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DirectoryEntryStreamResourceDrop(self0 uint32)
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 [method]directory-entry-stream.read-directory-entry
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_DirectoryEntryStreamReadDirectoryEntry(self0 uint32, result *cm.Result[OptionDirectoryEntryShape, cm.Option[DirectoryEntry], ErrorCode])
+
+//go:wasmimport wasi:filesystem/types@0.2.0 filesystem-error-code
+//go:noescape
+func wasmimport_FilesystemErrorCode(err0 uint32, result *cm.Option[ErrorCode])
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More