main: version 0.4.1

Signed-off-by: Ron Evans <ron@hybridgroup.com>

.circleci/config.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+version: 2.1
+
+commands:
+  submodules:
+    steps:
+      - run:
+          name: "Pull submodules"
+          command: git submodule update --init
+  apt-dependencies:
+    parameters:
+      llvm:
+        type: string
+    steps:
+      - run:
+          name: "Install apt dependencies"
+          command: |
+            echo 'deb http://apt.llvm.org/stretch/ llvm-toolchain-stretch<<parameters.llvm>> main' | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/llvm.list
+            wget -O - https://apt.llvm.org/llvm-snapshot.gpg.key|sudo apt-key add -
+            sudo apt-get update
+            sudo apt-get install \
+                llvm \
+                python3 \
+                llvm<<parameters.llvm>>-dev \
+                clang<<parameters.llvm>> \
+                libclang<<parameters.llvm>>-dev \
+                lld<<parameters.llvm>> \
+                gcc-arm-linux-gnueabihf \
+                binutils-arm-none-eabi \
+                libc6-dev-armel-cross \
+                gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu \
+                libc6-dev-arm64-cross \
+                qemu-system-arm \
+                qemu-user \
+                gcc-avr \
+                avr-libc
+  install-node:
+    steps:
+      - run:
+          name: "Install node.js"
+          command: |
+            wget https://nodejs.org/dist/v10.15.1/node-v10.15.1-linux-x64.tar.xz
+            sudo tar -C /usr/local -xf node-v10.15.1-linux-x64.tar.xz
+            sudo ln -s /usr/local/node-v10.15.1-linux-x64/bin/node /usr/bin/node
+            rm node-v10.15.1-linux-x64.tar.xz
+  dep:
+    steps:
+      - run:
+          name: "Install Go dependencies"
+          command: |
+            curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/golang/dep/master/install.sh | sh
+            dep ensure --vendor-only
+  smoketest:
+    steps:
+      - run: tinygo build -size short -o test.elf -target=pca10040            examples/blinky1
+      - run: tinygo build -size short -o test.elf -target=pca10040            examples/blinky2
+      - run: tinygo build -size short -o blinky2                              examples/blinky2
+      - run: tinygo build -size short -o test.elf -target=pca10040            examples/test
+      - run: tinygo build -size short -o test.elf -target=microbit            examples/echo
+      - run: tinygo build -size short -o test.elf -target=nrf52840-mdk        examples/blinky1
+      - run: tinygo build -size short -o test.elf -target=pca10031            examples/blinky1
+      - run: tinygo build -size short -o test.elf -target=bluepill            examples/blinky1
+      - run: tinygo build -size short -o test.elf -target=arduino             examples/blinky1
+      - run: tinygo build -size short -o test.elf -target=digispark           examples/blinky1
+      - run: tinygo build -size short -o test.elf -target=reelboard           examples/blinky1
+      - run: tinygo build -size short -o test.elf -target=reelboard           examples/blinky2
+      - run: tinygo build -size short -o test.elf -target=pca10056            examples/blinky1
+      - run: tinygo build -size short -o test.elf -target=pca10056            examples/blinky2
+      - run: tinygo build -size short -o test.elf -target=itsybitsy-m0        examples/blinky1
+      - run: tinygo build -size short -o test.elf -target=circuitplay-express examples/blinky1
+
+
+jobs:
+  test-llvm7-go111:
+    docker:
+      - image: circleci/golang:1.11
+
+    working_directory: /go/src/github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo
+    steps:
+      - checkout
+      - submodules
+      - apt-dependencies:
+          llvm: "-7"
+      - install-node
+      - restore_cache:
+          keys:
+            - go-cache-{{ checksum "Gopkg.lock" }}-{{ .Environment.CIRCLE_PREVIOUS_BUILD_NUM }}
+            - go-cache-{{ checksum "Gopkg.lock" }}
+      - dep
+      - run: go install .
+      - run: make test
+      - run: make gen-device -j4
+      - smoketest
+      - save_cache:
+          key: go-cache-{{ checksum "Gopkg.lock" }}-{{ .Environment.CIRCLE_BUILD_NUM }}
+          paths:
+            - ~/.cache/go-build
+            - ~/.cache/tinygo
+
+workflows:
+  test-all:
+    jobs:
+      - test-llvm7-go111

.travis.yml

@@ -2,28 +2,20 @@ language: go
 
 matrix:
   include:
-  - dist: xenial
+  - os: osx
     go: "1.11"
+    env: PATH="/usr/local/opt/llvm/bin:$PATH"
+    before_install:
+    - mkdir -p /Users/travis/gopath/bin
 
 addons:
-  apt:
-    sources:
-    - sourceline: 'ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r'
-    - sourceline: 'deb http://apt.llvm.org/xenial/ llvm-toolchain-xenial-7 main'
-      key_url: 'https://apt.llvm.org/llvm-snapshot.gpg.key'
+  homebrew:
+    update: true
+    taps: ArmMbed/homebrew-formulae
     packages:
-    - llvm-7-dev
-    - clang-7
-    - libclang-7-dev
-    - gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi
-    - binutils-arm-none-eabi
-    - libc6-dev-armel-cross
-    - gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu
-    - libc6-dev-arm64-cross
-    - qemu-system-arm
-    - qemu-user
-    - gcc-avr
-    - avr-libc
+    - llvm@7
+    - qemu
+    - arm-none-eabi-gcc
 
 install:
   - curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/golang/dep/master/install.sh | sh
@@ -35,14 +27,12 @@ script:
   - make gen-device
   - tinygo build -size short -o blinky1.nrf.elf    -target=pca10040     examples/blinky1
   - tinygo build -size short -o blinky2.nrf.elf    -target=pca10040     examples/blinky2
-  - tinygo build -size short -o blinky2                                 examples/blinky2
+  - tinygo build             -o blinky2                                 examples/blinky2 # TODO: re-enable -size flag with MachO support
   - tinygo build -size short -o test.nrf.elf       -target=pca10040     examples/test
   - tinygo build -size short -o blinky1.nrf51.elf  -target=microbit     examples/echo
   - tinygo build -size short -o test.nrf.elf       -target=nrf52840-mdk examples/blinky1
   - tinygo build -size short -o blinky1.nrf51d.elf -target=pca10031     examples/blinky1
   - tinygo build -size short -o blinky1.stm32.elf  -target=bluepill     examples/blinky1
-  - tinygo build -size short -o blinky1.avr.elf    -target=arduino      examples/blinky1
-  - tinygo build -size short -o blinky1.avr.elf    -target=digispark    examples/blinky1
   - tinygo build -size short -o blinky1.reel.elf   -target=reelboard    examples/blinky1
   - tinygo build -size short -o blinky2.reel.elf   -target=reelboard    examples/blinky2
   - tinygo build -size short -o blinky1.pca10056.elf    -target=pca10056     examples/blinky1

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,3 +1,49 @@
+0.4.1
+---
+- **compiler**
+  - fix `objcopy` replacement to include the .data section in the firmware image
+  - use `llvm-ar-7` on Linux to fix the Docker image
+
+0.4.0
+---
+- **compiler**
+  - switch to the hardfloat ABI on ARM, which is more widely used
+  - avoid a dependency on `objcopy` (`arm-none-eabi-objcopy` etc.)
+  - fix a bug in `make([]T, n)` where `n` is 64-bits on a 32-bit platform
+  - adapt to a change in the AVR backend in LLVM 8
+  - directly support the .uf2 firmware format as used on Adafruit boards
+  - fix a bug when calling `panic()` at init time outside of the main package
+  - implement nil checks, which results in a ~5% increase in code size
+  - inline slice bounds checking, which results in a ~1% decrease in code size
+- **targets**
+  - `samd21`: fix a bug in port B pins
+  - `samd21`: implement SPI peripheral
+  - `samd21`: implement ADC peripheral
+  - `stm32`: fix a bug in timekeeping
+  - `wasm`: fix a bug in `wasm_exec.js` that caused corruption in linear memory
+     when running on Node.js.
+
+0.3.0
+---
+- **compiler**
+  - remove old `-initinterp` flag
+  - add support for macOS
+- **cgo**
+  - add support for bool/float/complex types
+- **standard library**
+  - `device/arm`: add support to disable/enable hardware interrupts
+  - `machine`: add CPU frequency for nrf-based boards
+  - `syscall`: add support for darwin/amd64
+- **targets**
+  - `circuitplay_express`: add support for this board
+  - `microbit`: add regular pin constants
+  - `samd21`: fix time function for goroutine support
+  - `samd21`: add support for USB-CDC (serial over USB)
+  - `samd21`: add support for pins in port B
+  - `samd21`: add support for pullup and pulldown pins
+  - `wasm`: add support for Safari in example
+
+
 0.2.0
 ---
 - **command line**

Gopkg.lock

@@ -1,6 +1,14 @@
 # This file is autogenerated, do not edit; changes may be undone by the next 'dep ensure'.
 
 
+[[projects]]
+  branch = "master"
+  digest = "1:00b45e06c7843541372fc17d982242bd6adfc2fc382b6f2e9ef9ce53d87a50b9"
+  name = "github.com/marcinbor85/gohex"
+  packages = ["."]
+  pruneopts = "UT"
+  revision = "7a43cd876e46e0f6ddc553f10f91731a78e6e949"
+
 [[projects]]
   branch = "master"
   digest = "1:ba70784a3deee74c0ca3c87bcac3c2f93d3b2d27d8f237b768c358b45ba47da8"
@@ -11,20 +19,21 @@
     "go/types/typeutil",
   ]
   pruneopts = "UT"
-  revision = "40960b6deb8ecdb8bcde6a8f44722731939b8ddc"
+  revision = "3744606dbb67b99c60d3f11cb10bd3f9e6dad472"
 
 [[projects]]
   branch = "master"
-  digest = "1:3611159788efdd4e0cfae18b6ebcccbad25a2815968b0e4323b42647d201031a"
+  digest = "1:a6a25fd8906c74978f1ed811bc9fd3422da8093be863b458874b02a782b6ae3e"
   name = "tinygo.org/x/go-llvm"
   packages = ["."]
   pruneopts = "UT"
-  revision = "f420620d1a0f54417a5712260153fe861780d030"
+  revision = "d5f730401f5069618b275a5241c6417eb0c38a65"
 
 [solve-meta]
   analyzer-name = "dep"
   analyzer-version = 1
   input-imports = [
+    "github.com/marcinbor85/gohex",
     "golang.org/x/tools/go/ast/astutil",
     "golang.org/x/tools/go/ssa",
     "tinygo.org/x/go-llvm",

LICENSE

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Copyright (c) 2018 Ayke van Laethem. All rights reserved.
+Copyright (c) 2018-2019 TinyGo Authors. All rights reserved.
 
 Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are

Makefile

@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ gen-device-stm32:
 	go fmt ./src/device/stm32
 
 # Build the Go compiler.
-tinygo:
+build/tinygo:
 	@mkdir -p build
 	go build -o build/tinygo .
 

README.md

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 # TinyGo - Go compiler for small places
 
-[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.com/tinygo-org/tinygo.svg?branch=dev)](https://travis-ci.com/tinygo-org/tinygo)
+[![Travis CI](https://travis-ci.com/tinygo-org/tinygo.svg?branch=dev)](https://travis-ci.com/tinygo-org/tinygo)
+[![CircleCI](https://circleci.com/gh/tinygo-org/tinygo/tree/dev.svg?style=svg)](https://circleci.com/gh/tinygo-org/tinygo/tree/dev)
 
 TinyGo is a Go compiler intended for use in small places such as microcontrollers, WebAssembly (WASM), and command-line tools.
 
@@ -45,6 +46,7 @@ You can compile TinyGo programs for microcontrollers, WebAssembly and Linux.
 
 The following microcontroller boards are currently supported:
 
+* [Adafruit Circuit Playground Express](https://www.adafruit.com/product/3333)
 * [Adafruit ItsyBitsy M0](https://www.adafruit.com/product/3727)
 * [Arduino Uno](https://store.arduino.cc/arduino-uno-rev3)
 * [BBC:Microbit](https://microbit.org/)

commands.go

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+// +build !darwin
+
+package main
+
+// commands used by the compilation process might have different file names on Linux than those used on macOS.
+var commands = map[string]string{
+	"ar":      "llvm-ar-7",
+	"clang":   "clang-7",
+	"ld.lld":  "ld.lld-7",
+	"wasm-ld": "wasm-ld-7",
+}

commands_macos.go

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+// +build darwin
+
+package main
+
+// commands used by the compilation process might have different file names on macOS than those used on Linux.
+var commands = map[string]string{
+	"ar":      "llvm-ar",
+	"clang":   "clang-7",
+	"ld.lld":  "ld.lld-7",
+	"wasm-ld": "wasm-ld-7",
+}

compiler/asserts.go

@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+package compiler
+
+// This file implements functions that do certain safety checks that are
+// required by the Go programming language.
+
+import (
+	"go/types"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/go-llvm"
+)
+
+// emitLookupBoundsCheck emits a bounds check before doing a lookup into a
+// slice. This is required by the Go language spec: an index out of bounds must
+// cause a panic.
+func (c *Compiler) emitLookupBoundsCheck(frame *Frame, arrayLen, index llvm.Value, indexType types.Type) {
+	if frame.fn.IsNoBounds() {
+		// The //go:nobounds pragma was added to the function to avoid bounds
+		// checking.
+		return
+	}
+
+	if index.Type().IntTypeWidth() < arrayLen.Type().IntTypeWidth() {
+		// Sometimes, the index can be e.g. an uint8 or int8, and we have to
+		// correctly extend that type.
+		if indexType.(*types.Basic).Info()&types.IsUnsigned == 0 {
+			index = c.builder.CreateZExt(index, arrayLen.Type(), "")
+		} else {
+			index = c.builder.CreateSExt(index, arrayLen.Type(), "")
+		}
+	} else if index.Type().IntTypeWidth() > arrayLen.Type().IntTypeWidth() {
+		// The index is bigger than the array length type, so extend it.
+		arrayLen = c.builder.CreateZExt(arrayLen, index.Type(), "")
+	}
+
+	faultBlock := c.ctx.AddBasicBlock(frame.fn.LLVMFn, "lookup.outofbounds")
+	nextBlock := c.ctx.AddBasicBlock(frame.fn.LLVMFn, "lookup.next")
+	frame.blockExits[frame.currentBlock] = nextBlock // adjust outgoing block for phi nodes
+
+	// Now do the bounds check: index >= arrayLen
+	outOfBounds := c.builder.CreateICmp(llvm.IntUGE, index, arrayLen, "")
+	c.builder.CreateCondBr(outOfBounds, faultBlock, nextBlock)
+
+	// Fail: this is a nil pointer, exit with a panic.
+	c.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(faultBlock)
+	c.createRuntimeCall("lookuppanic", nil, "")
+	c.builder.CreateUnreachable()
+
+	// Ok: this is a valid pointer.
+	c.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(nextBlock)
+}
+
+// emitSliceBoundsCheck emits a bounds check before a slicing operation to make
+// sure it is within bounds.
+func (c *Compiler) emitSliceBoundsCheck(frame *Frame, capacity, low, high llvm.Value, lowType, highType *types.Basic) {
+	if frame.fn.IsNoBounds() {
+		// The //go:nobounds pragma was added to the function to avoid bounds
+		// checking.
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Extend the capacity integer to be at least as wide as low and high.
+	capacityType := capacity.Type()
+	if low.Type().IntTypeWidth() > capacityType.IntTypeWidth() {
+		capacityType = low.Type()
+	}
+	if high.Type().IntTypeWidth() > capacityType.IntTypeWidth() {
+		capacityType = high.Type()
+	}
+	if capacityType != capacity.Type() {
+		capacity = c.builder.CreateZExt(capacity, capacityType, "")
+	}
+
+	// Extend low and high to be the same size as capacity.
+	if low.Type().IntTypeWidth() < capacityType.IntTypeWidth() {
+		if lowType.Info()&types.IsUnsigned != 0 {
+			low = c.builder.CreateZExt(low, capacityType, "")
+		} else {
+			low = c.builder.CreateSExt(low, capacityType, "")
+		}
+	}
+	if high.Type().IntTypeWidth() < capacityType.IntTypeWidth() {
+		if highType.Info()&types.IsUnsigned != 0 {
+			high = c.builder.CreateZExt(high, capacityType, "")
+		} else {
+			high = c.builder.CreateSExt(high, capacityType, "")
+		}
+	}
+
+	faultBlock := c.ctx.AddBasicBlock(frame.fn.LLVMFn, "slice.outofbounds")
+	nextBlock := c.ctx.AddBasicBlock(frame.fn.LLVMFn, "slice.next")
+	frame.blockExits[frame.currentBlock] = nextBlock // adjust outgoing block for phi nodes
+
+	// Now do the bounds check: low > high || high > capacity
+	outOfBounds1 := c.builder.CreateICmp(llvm.IntUGT, low, high, "slice.lowhigh")
+	outOfBounds2 := c.builder.CreateICmp(llvm.IntUGT, high, capacity, "slice.highcap")
+	outOfBounds := c.builder.CreateOr(outOfBounds1, outOfBounds2, "slice.outofbounds")
+	c.builder.CreateCondBr(outOfBounds, faultBlock, nextBlock)
+
+	// Fail: this is a nil pointer, exit with a panic.
+	c.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(faultBlock)
+	c.createRuntimeCall("slicepanic", nil, "")
+	c.builder.CreateUnreachable()
+
+	// Ok: this is a valid pointer.
+	c.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(nextBlock)
+}
+
+// emitNilCheck checks whether the given pointer is nil, and panics if it is. It
+// has no effect in well-behaved programs, but makes sure no uncaught nil
+// pointer dereferences exist in valid Go code.
+func (c *Compiler) emitNilCheck(frame *Frame, ptr llvm.Value, blockPrefix string) {
+	// Check whether this is a nil pointer.
+	faultBlock := c.ctx.AddBasicBlock(frame.fn.LLVMFn, blockPrefix+".nil")
+	nextBlock := c.ctx.AddBasicBlock(frame.fn.LLVMFn, blockPrefix+".next")
+	frame.blockExits[frame.currentBlock] = nextBlock // adjust outgoing block for phi nodes
+
+	// Compare against nil.
+	nilptr := llvm.ConstPointerNull(ptr.Type())
+	isnil := c.builder.CreateICmp(llvm.IntEQ, ptr, nilptr, "")
+	c.builder.CreateCondBr(isnil, faultBlock, nextBlock)
+
+	// Fail: this is a nil pointer, exit with a panic.
+	c.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(faultBlock)
+	c.createRuntimeCall("nilpanic", nil, "")
+	c.builder.CreateUnreachable()
+
+	// Ok: this is a valid pointer.
+	c.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(nextBlock)
+}

compiler/compiler.go

@@ -30,19 +30,18 @@ func init() {
 
 // Configure the compiler.
 type Config struct {
-	Triple     string   // LLVM target triple, e.g. x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu (empty string means default)
-	CPU        string   // LLVM CPU name, e.g. atmega328p (empty string means default)
-	GOOS       string   //
-	GOARCH     string   //
-	GC         string   // garbage collection strategy
-	CFlags     []string // cflags to pass to cgo
-	LDFlags    []string // ldflags to pass to cgo
-	DumpSSA    bool     // dump Go SSA, for compiler debugging
-	Debug      bool     // add debug symbols for gdb
-	RootDir    string   // GOROOT for TinyGo
-	GOPATH     string   // GOPATH, like `go env GOPATH`
-	BuildTags  []string // build tags for TinyGo (empty means {Config.GOOS/Config.GOARCH})
-	InitInterp bool     // use new init interpretation, meaning the old one is disabled
+	Triple    string   // LLVM target triple, e.g. x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu (empty string means default)
+	CPU       string   // LLVM CPU name, e.g. atmega328p (empty string means default)
+	GOOS      string   //
+	GOARCH    string   //
+	GC        string   // garbage collection strategy
+	CFlags    []string // cflags to pass to cgo
+	LDFlags   []string // ldflags to pass to cgo
+	DumpSSA   bool     // dump Go SSA, for compiler debugging
+	Debug     bool     // add debug symbols for gdb
+	RootDir   string   // GOROOT for TinyGo
+	GOPATH    string   // GOPATH, like `go env GOPATH`
+	BuildTags []string // build tags for TinyGo (empty means {Config.GOOS/Config.GOARCH})
 }
 
 type Compiler struct {
@@ -58,6 +57,7 @@ type Compiler struct {
 	targetData              llvm.TargetData
 	intType                 llvm.Type
 	i8ptrType               llvm.Type // for convenience
+	funcPtrAddrSpace        int
 	uintptrType             llvm.Type
 	initFuncs               []llvm.Value
 	interfaceInvokeWrappers []interfaceInvokeWrapper
@@ -126,6 +126,11 @@ func NewCompiler(pkgName string, config Config) (*Compiler, error) {
 	}
 	c.i8ptrType = llvm.PointerType(c.ctx.Int8Type(), 0)
 
+	dummyFuncType := llvm.FunctionType(c.ctx.VoidType(), nil, false)
+	dummyFunc := llvm.AddFunction(c.mod, "tinygo.dummy", dummyFuncType)
+	c.funcPtrAddrSpace = dummyFunc.Type().PointerAddressSpace()
+	dummyFunc.EraseFromParentAsFunction()
+
 	return c, nil
 }
 
@@ -250,8 +255,7 @@ func (c *Compiler) Compile(mainPath string) error {
 		}
 	}
 
-	// Declare all globals. These will get an initializer when parsing "package
-	// initializer" functions.
+	// Declare all globals.
 	for _, g := range c.ir.Globals {
 		typ := g.Type().(*types.Pointer).Elem()
 		llvmType, err := c.getLLVMType(typ)
@@ -282,54 +286,18 @@ func (c *Compiler) Compile(mainPath string) error {
 		frames = append(frames, frame)
 	}
 
-	// Find and interpret package initializers.
+	// Add definitions to declarations.
 	for _, frame := range frames {
 		if frame.fn.Synthetic == "package initializer" {
 			c.initFuncs = append(c.initFuncs, frame.fn.LLVMFn)
-			// Try to interpret as much as possible of the init() function.
-			// Whenever it hits an instruction that it doesn't understand, it
-			// bails out and leaves the rest to the compiler (so initialization
-			// continues at runtime).
-			// This should only happen when it hits a function call or the end
-			// of the block, ideally.
-			if !c.InitInterp {
-				err := c.ir.Interpret(frame.fn.Blocks[0], c.DumpSSA)
-				if err != nil {
-					return err
-				}
-			}
-			err = c.parseFunc(frame)
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
 		}
-	}
-
-	// Set values for globals (after package initializer has been interpreted).
-	for _, g := range c.ir.Globals {
-		if g.Initializer() == nil {
-			continue
-		}
-		err := c.parseGlobalInitializer(g)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	// Add definitions to declarations.
-	for _, frame := range frames {
 		if frame.fn.CName() != "" {
 			continue
 		}
 		if frame.fn.Blocks == nil {
 			continue // external function
 		}
-		var err error
-		if frame.fn.Synthetic == "package initializer" {
-			continue // already done
-		} else {
-			err = c.parseFunc(frame)
-		}
+		err := c.parseFunc(frame)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -376,6 +344,14 @@ func (c *Compiler) Compile(mainPath string) error {
 	c.mod.NamedFunction("runtime.activateTask").SetLinkage(llvm.ExternalLinkage)
 	c.mod.NamedFunction("runtime.scheduler").SetLinkage(llvm.ExternalLinkage)
 
+	// Tell the optimizer that runtime.alloc is an allocator, meaning that it
+	// returns values that are never null and never alias to an existing value.
+	for _, name := range []string{"noalias", "nonnull"} {
+		attrKind := llvm.AttributeKindID(name)
+		attr := c.ctx.CreateEnumAttribute(attrKind, 0)
+		c.mod.NamedFunction("runtime.alloc").AddAttributeAtIndex(0, attr)
+	}
+
 	// see: https://reviews.llvm.org/D18355
 	if c.Debug {
 		c.mod.AddNamedMetadataOperand("llvm.module.flags",
@@ -418,9 +394,9 @@ func (c *Compiler) getLLVMType(goType types.Type) (llvm.Type, error) {
 		case types.Float64:
 			return c.ctx.DoubleType(), nil
 		case types.Complex64:
-			return llvm.VectorType(c.ctx.FloatType(), 2), nil
+			return c.ctx.StructType([]llvm.Type{c.ctx.FloatType(), c.ctx.FloatType()}, false), nil
 		case types.Complex128:
-			return llvm.VectorType(c.ctx.DoubleType(), 2), nil
+			return c.ctx.StructType([]llvm.Type{c.ctx.DoubleType(), c.ctx.DoubleType()}, false), nil
 		case types.String, types.UntypedString:
 			return c.mod.GetTypeByName("runtime._string"), nil
 		case types.Uintptr:
@@ -500,7 +476,7 @@ func (c *Compiler) getLLVMType(goType types.Type) (llvm.Type, error) {
 		// {context, funcptr}
 		paramTypes = append(paramTypes, c.i8ptrType) // context
 		paramTypes = append(paramTypes, c.i8ptrType) // parent coroutine
-		ptr := llvm.PointerType(llvm.FunctionType(returnType, paramTypes, false), 0)
+		ptr := llvm.PointerType(llvm.FunctionType(returnType, paramTypes, false), c.funcPtrAddrSpace)
 		ptr = c.ctx.StructType([]llvm.Type{c.i8ptrType, ptr}, false)
 		return ptr, nil
 	case *types.Slice:
@@ -567,16 +543,6 @@ func (c *Compiler) getZeroValue(typ llvm.Type) (llvm.Value, error) {
 		} else {
 			return c.ctx.ConstStruct(vals, false), nil
 		}
-	case llvm.VectorTypeKind:
-		zero, err := c.getZeroValue(typ.ElementType())
-		if err != nil {
-			return llvm.Value{}, err
-		}
-		vals := make([]llvm.Value, typ.VectorSize())
-		for i := range vals {
-			vals[i] = zero
-		}
-		return llvm.ConstVector(vals, false), nil
 	default:
 		return llvm.Value{}, errors.New("todo: LLVM zero initializer: " + typ.String())
 	}
@@ -735,282 +701,6 @@ func (c *Compiler) attachDebugInfoRaw(f *ir.Function, llvmFn llvm.Value, suffix,
 	return difunc, nil
 }
 
-// Create a new global hashmap bucket, for map initialization.
-func (c *Compiler) initMapNewBucket(prefix string, mapType *types.Map) (llvm.Value, uint64, uint64, error) {
-	llvmKeyType, err := c.getLLVMType(mapType.Key().Underlying())
-	if err != nil {
-		return llvm.Value{}, 0, 0, err
-	}
-	llvmValueType, err := c.getLLVMType(mapType.Elem().Underlying())
-	if err != nil {
-		return llvm.Value{}, 0, 0, err
-	}
-	keySize := c.targetData.TypeAllocSize(llvmKeyType)
-	valueSize := c.targetData.TypeAllocSize(llvmValueType)
-	bucketType := c.ctx.StructType([]llvm.Type{
-		llvm.ArrayType(c.ctx.Int8Type(), 8), // tophash
-		c.i8ptrType,                         // next bucket
-		llvm.ArrayType(llvmKeyType, 8),      // key type
-		llvm.ArrayType(llvmValueType, 8),    // value type
-	}, false)
-	bucketValue, err := c.getZeroValue(bucketType)
-	if err != nil {
-		return llvm.Value{}, 0, 0, err
-	}
-	bucket := llvm.AddGlobal(c.mod, bucketType, prefix+"$hashmap$bucket")
-	bucket.SetInitializer(bucketValue)
-	bucket.SetLinkage(llvm.InternalLinkage)
-	return bucket, keySize, valueSize, nil
-}
-
-func (c *Compiler) parseGlobalInitializer(g *ir.Global) error {
-	if g.IsExtern() {
-		return nil
-	}
-	llvmValue, err := c.getInterpretedValue(g.LinkName(), g.Initializer())
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	g.LLVMGlobal.SetInitializer(llvmValue)
-	return nil
-}
-
-// Turn a computed Value type (ConstValue, ArrayValue, etc.) into a LLVM value.
-// This is used to set the initializer of globals after they have been
-// calculated by the package initializer interpreter.
-func (c *Compiler) getInterpretedValue(prefix string, value ir.Value) (llvm.Value, error) {
-	switch value := value.(type) {
-	case *ir.ArrayValue:
-		vals := make([]llvm.Value, len(value.Elems))
-		for i, elem := range value.Elems {
-			val, err := c.getInterpretedValue(prefix+"$arrayval", elem)
-			if err != nil {
-				return llvm.Value{}, err
-			}
-			vals[i] = val
-		}
-		subTyp, err := c.getLLVMType(value.ElemType)
-		if err != nil {
-			return llvm.Value{}, err
-		}
-		return llvm.ConstArray(subTyp, vals), nil
-
-	case *ir.ConstValue:
-		return c.parseConst(prefix, value.Expr)
-
-	case *ir.FunctionValue:
-		if value.Elem == nil {
-			llvmType, err := c.getLLVMType(value.Type)
-			if err != nil {
-				return llvm.Value{}, err
-			}
-			return c.getZeroValue(llvmType)
-		}
-		fn := c.ir.GetFunction(value.Elem)
-		ptr := fn.LLVMFn
-		// Create closure value: {context, function pointer}
-		ptr = c.ctx.ConstStruct([]llvm.Value{llvm.ConstPointerNull(c.i8ptrType), ptr}, false)
-		return ptr, nil
-
-	case *ir.GlobalValue:
-		zero := llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int32Type(), 0, false)
-		ptr := llvm.ConstInBoundsGEP(value.Global.LLVMGlobal, []llvm.Value{zero})
-		return ptr, nil
-
-	case *ir.MapValue:
-		// Create initial bucket.
-		firstBucketGlobal, keySize, valueSize, err := c.initMapNewBucket(prefix, value.Type)
-		if err != nil {
-			return llvm.Value{}, err
-		}
-
-		// Insert each key/value pair in the hashmap.
-		bucketGlobal := firstBucketGlobal
-		for i, key := range value.Keys {
-			llvmKey, err := c.getInterpretedValue(prefix, key)
-			if err != nil {
-				return llvm.Value{}, nil
-			}
-			llvmValue, err := c.getInterpretedValue(prefix, value.Values[i])
-			if err != nil {
-				return llvm.Value{}, nil
-			}
-
-			constVal := key.(*ir.ConstValue).Expr
-			var keyBuf []byte
-			switch constVal.Type().Underlying().(*types.Basic).Kind() {
-			case types.String, types.UntypedString:
-				keyBuf = []byte(constant.StringVal(constVal.Value))
-			case types.Int:
-				keyBuf = make([]byte, c.targetData.TypeAllocSize(c.intType))
-				n, _ := constant.Uint64Val(constVal.Value)
-				for i := range keyBuf {
-					keyBuf[i] = byte(n)
-					n >>= 8
-				}
-			default:
-				return llvm.Value{}, errors.New("todo: init: map key not implemented: " + constVal.Type().Underlying().String())
-			}
-			hash := hashmapHash(keyBuf)
-
-			if i%8 == 0 && i != 0 {
-				// Bucket is full, create a new one.
-				newBucketGlobal, _, _, err := c.initMapNewBucket(prefix, value.Type)
-				if err != nil {
-					return llvm.Value{}, err
-				}
-				zero := llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int32Type(), 0, false)
-				newBucketPtr := llvm.ConstInBoundsGEP(newBucketGlobal, []llvm.Value{zero})
-				newBucketPtrCast := llvm.ConstBitCast(newBucketPtr, c.i8ptrType)
-				// insert pointer into old bucket
-				bucket := bucketGlobal.Initializer()
-				bucket = llvm.ConstInsertValue(bucket, newBucketPtrCast, []uint32{1})
-				bucketGlobal.SetInitializer(bucket)
-				// switch to next bucket
-				bucketGlobal = newBucketGlobal
-			}
-
-			tophashValue := llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int8Type(), uint64(hashmapTopHash(hash)), false)
-			bucket := bucketGlobal.Initializer()
-			bucket = llvm.ConstInsertValue(bucket, tophashValue, []uint32{0, uint32(i % 8)})
-			bucket = llvm.ConstInsertValue(bucket, llvmKey, []uint32{2, uint32(i % 8)})
-			bucket = llvm.ConstInsertValue(bucket, llvmValue, []uint32{3, uint32(i % 8)})
-			bucketGlobal.SetInitializer(bucket)
-		}
-
-		// Create the hashmap itself.
-		zero := llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int32Type(), 0, false)
-		bucketPtr := llvm.ConstInBoundsGEP(firstBucketGlobal, []llvm.Value{zero})
-		hashmapType := c.mod.GetTypeByName("runtime.hashmap")
-		hashmap := llvm.ConstNamedStruct(hashmapType, []llvm.Value{
-			llvm.ConstPointerNull(llvm.PointerType(hashmapType, 0)),      // next
-			llvm.ConstBitCast(bucketPtr, c.i8ptrType),                    // buckets
-			llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, uint64(len(value.Keys)), false), // count
-			llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int8Type(), keySize, false),              // keySize
-			llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int8Type(), valueSize, false),            // valueSize
-			llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int8Type(), 0, false),                    // bucketBits
-		})
-
-		// Create a pointer to this hashmap.
-		hashmapPtr := llvm.AddGlobal(c.mod, hashmap.Type(), prefix+"$hashmap")
-		hashmapPtr.SetInitializer(hashmap)
-		hashmapPtr.SetLinkage(llvm.InternalLinkage)
-		return llvm.ConstInBoundsGEP(hashmapPtr, []llvm.Value{zero}), nil
-
-	case *ir.PointerBitCastValue:
-		elem, err := c.getInterpretedValue(prefix, value.Elem)
-		if err != nil {
-			return llvm.Value{}, err
-		}
-		llvmType, err := c.getLLVMType(value.Type)
-		if err != nil {
-			return llvm.Value{}, err
-		}
-		return llvm.ConstBitCast(elem, llvmType), nil
-
-	case *ir.PointerToUintptrValue:
-		elem, err := c.getInterpretedValue(prefix, value.Elem)
-		if err != nil {
-			return llvm.Value{}, err
-		}
-		return llvm.ConstPtrToInt(elem, c.uintptrType), nil
-
-	case *ir.PointerValue:
-		if value.Elem == nil {
-			typ, err := c.getLLVMType(value.Type)
-			if err != nil {
-				return llvm.Value{}, err
-			}
-			return llvm.ConstPointerNull(typ), nil
-		}
-		elem, err := c.getInterpretedValue(prefix, *value.Elem)
-		if err != nil {
-			return llvm.Value{}, err
-		}
-
-		obj := llvm.AddGlobal(c.mod, elem.Type(), prefix+"$ptrvalue")
-		obj.SetInitializer(elem)
-		obj.SetLinkage(llvm.InternalLinkage)
-		elem = obj
-
-		zero := llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int32Type(), 0, false)
-		ptr := llvm.ConstInBoundsGEP(elem, []llvm.Value{zero})
-		return ptr, nil
-
-	case *ir.SliceValue:
-		var globalPtr llvm.Value
-		var arrayLength uint64
-		if value.Array == nil {
-			arrayType, err := c.getLLVMType(value.Type.Elem())
-			if err != nil {
-				return llvm.Value{}, err
-			}
-			globalPtr = llvm.ConstPointerNull(llvm.PointerType(arrayType, 0))
-		} else {
-			// make array
-			array, err := c.getInterpretedValue(prefix, value.Array)
-			if err != nil {
-				return llvm.Value{}, err
-			}
-			// make global from array
-			global := llvm.AddGlobal(c.mod, array.Type(), prefix+"$array")
-			global.SetInitializer(array)
-			global.SetLinkage(llvm.InternalLinkage)
-
-			// get pointer to global
-			zero := llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int32Type(), 0, false)
-			globalPtr = c.builder.CreateInBoundsGEP(global, []llvm.Value{zero, zero}, "")
-
-			arrayLength = uint64(len(value.Array.Elems))
-		}
-
-		// make slice
-		sliceTyp, err := c.getLLVMType(value.Type)
-		if err != nil {
-			return llvm.Value{}, err
-		}
-		llvmLen := llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, arrayLength, false)
-		slice := llvm.ConstNamedStruct(sliceTyp, []llvm.Value{
-			globalPtr, // ptr
-			llvmLen,   // len
-			llvmLen,   // cap
-		})
-		return slice, nil
-
-	case *ir.StructValue:
-		fields := make([]llvm.Value, len(value.Fields))
-		for i, elem := range value.Fields {
-			field, err := c.getInterpretedValue(prefix, elem)
-			if err != nil {
-				return llvm.Value{}, err
-			}
-			fields[i] = field
-		}
-		switch value.Type.(type) {
-		case *types.Named:
-			llvmType, err := c.getLLVMType(value.Type)
-			if err != nil {
-				return llvm.Value{}, err
-			}
-			return llvm.ConstNamedStruct(llvmType, fields), nil
-		case *types.Struct:
-			return c.ctx.ConstStruct(fields, false), nil
-		default:
-			return llvm.Value{}, errors.New("init: unknown struct type: " + value.Type.String())
-		}
-
-	case *ir.ZeroBasicValue:
-		llvmType, err := c.getLLVMType(value.Type)
-		if err != nil {
-			return llvm.Value{}, err
-		}
-		return c.getZeroValue(llvmType)
-
-	default:
-		return llvm.Value{}, errors.New("init: unknown initializer type: " + fmt.Sprintf("%#v", value))
-	}
-}
-
 func (c *Compiler) parseFunc(frame *Frame) error {
 	if c.DumpSSA {
 		fmt.Printf("\nfunc %s:\n", frame.fn.Function)
@@ -1195,10 +885,6 @@ func (c *Compiler) parseInstr(frame *Frame, instr ssa.Instruction) error {
 	switch instr := instr.(type) {
 	case ssa.Value:
 		value, err := c.parseExpr(frame, instr)
-		if err == ir.ErrCGoWrapper {
-			// Ignore CGo global variables which we don't use.
-			return nil
-		}
 		frame.locals[instr] = value
 		return err
 	case *ssa.DebugRef:
@@ -1309,10 +995,6 @@ func (c *Compiler) parseInstr(frame *Frame, instr ssa.Instruction) error {
 		return c.emitChanSend(frame, instr)
 	case *ssa.Store:
 		llvmAddr, err := c.parseExpr(frame, instr.Addr)
-		if err == ir.ErrCGoWrapper {
-			// Ignore CGo global variables which we don't use.
-			return nil
-		}
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -1396,14 +1078,14 @@ func (c *Compiler) parseBuiltin(frame *Frame, args []ssa.Value, callName string,
 		var cplx llvm.Value
 		switch t.Kind() {
 		case types.Float32:
-			cplx = llvm.Undef(llvm.VectorType(c.ctx.FloatType(), 2))
+			cplx = llvm.Undef(c.ctx.StructType([]llvm.Type{c.ctx.FloatType(), c.ctx.FloatType()}, false))
 		case types.Float64:
-			cplx = llvm.Undef(llvm.VectorType(c.ctx.DoubleType(), 2))
+			cplx = llvm.Undef(c.ctx.StructType([]llvm.Type{c.ctx.DoubleType(), c.ctx.DoubleType()}, false))
 		default:
 			return llvm.Value{}, c.makeError(pos, "unsupported type in complex builtin: "+t.String())
 		}
-		cplx = c.builder.CreateInsertElement(cplx, r, llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int8Type(), 0, false), "")
-		cplx = c.builder.CreateInsertElement(cplx, i, llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int8Type(), 1, false), "")
+		cplx = c.builder.CreateInsertValue(cplx, r, 0, "")
+		cplx = c.builder.CreateInsertValue(cplx, i, 1, "")
 		return cplx, nil
 	case "copy":
 		dst, err := c.parseExpr(frame, args[0])
@@ -1438,8 +1120,7 @@ func (c *Compiler) parseBuiltin(frame *Frame, args []ssa.Value, callName string,
 		if err != nil {
 			return llvm.Value{}, err
 		}
-		index := llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int32Type(), 1, false)
-		return c.builder.CreateExtractElement(cplx, index, "imag"), nil
+		return c.builder.CreateExtractValue(cplx, 1, "imag"), nil
 	case "len":
 		value, err := c.parseExpr(frame, args[0])
 		if err != nil {
@@ -1528,8 +1209,7 @@ func (c *Compiler) parseBuiltin(frame *Frame, args []ssa.Value, callName string,
 		if err != nil {
 			return llvm.Value{}, err
 		}
-		index := llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int32Type(), 0, false)
-		return c.builder.CreateExtractElement(cplx, index, "real"), nil
+		return c.builder.CreateExtractValue(cplx, 0, "real"), nil
 	case "recover":
 		return c.createRuntimeCall("_recover", nil, ""), nil
 	case "ssa:wrapnilchk":
@@ -1687,7 +1367,7 @@ func (c *Compiler) parseCall(frame *Frame, instr *ssa.CallCommon) (llvm.Value, e
 		}
 
 		switch fn.RelString(nil) {
-		case "syscall.Syscall", "syscall.Syscall6":
+		case "syscall.Syscall", "syscall.Syscall6", "syscall.Syscall9":
 			return c.emitSyscall(frame, instr)
 		}
 
@@ -1728,76 +1408,11 @@ func (c *Compiler) parseCall(frame *Frame, instr *ssa.CallCommon) (llvm.Value, e
 		// closure: {context, function pointer}
 		context := c.builder.CreateExtractValue(value, 0, "")
 		value = c.builder.CreateExtractValue(value, 1, "")
+		c.emitNilCheck(frame, value, "fpcall")
 		return c.parseFunctionCall(frame, instr.Args, value, context, false)
 	}
 }
 
-func (c *Compiler) emitBoundsCheck(frame *Frame, arrayLen, index llvm.Value, indexType types.Type) {
-	if frame.fn.IsNoBounds() {
-		// The //go:nobounds pragma was added to the function to avoid bounds
-		// checking.
-		return
-	}
-
-	// Sometimes, the index can be e.g. an uint8 or int8, and we have to
-	// correctly extend that type.
-	if index.Type().IntTypeWidth() < arrayLen.Type().IntTypeWidth() {
-		if indexType.(*types.Basic).Info()&types.IsUnsigned == 0 {
-			index = c.builder.CreateZExt(index, arrayLen.Type(), "")
-		} else {
-			index = c.builder.CreateSExt(index, arrayLen.Type(), "")
-		}
-	}
-
-	// Optimize away trivial cases.
-	// LLVM would do this anyway with interprocedural optimizations, but it
-	// helps to see cases where bounds check elimination would really help.
-	if index.IsConstant() && arrayLen.IsConstant() && !arrayLen.IsUndef() {
-		index := index.SExtValue()
-		arrayLen := arrayLen.SExtValue()
-		if index >= 0 && index < arrayLen {
-			return
-		}
-	}
-
-	if index.Type().IntTypeWidth() > c.intType.IntTypeWidth() {
-		// Index is too big for the regular bounds check. Use the one for int64.
-		c.createRuntimeCall("lookupBoundsCheckLong", []llvm.Value{arrayLen, index}, "")
-	} else {
-		c.createRuntimeCall("lookupBoundsCheck", []llvm.Value{arrayLen, index}, "")
-	}
-}
-
-func (c *Compiler) emitSliceBoundsCheck(frame *Frame, capacity, low, high llvm.Value, lowType, highType *types.Basic) {
-	if frame.fn.IsNoBounds() {
-		// The //go:nobounds pragma was added to the function to avoid bounds
-		// checking.
-		return
-	}
-
-	uintptrWidth := c.uintptrType.IntTypeWidth()
-	if low.Type().IntTypeWidth() > uintptrWidth || high.Type().IntTypeWidth() > uintptrWidth {
-		if low.Type().IntTypeWidth() < 64 {
-			if lowType.Info()&types.IsUnsigned != 0 {
-				low = c.builder.CreateZExt(low, c.ctx.Int64Type(), "")
-			} else {
-				low = c.builder.CreateSExt(low, c.ctx.Int64Type(), "")
-			}
-		}
-		if high.Type().IntTypeWidth() < 64 {
-			if highType.Info()&types.IsUnsigned != 0 {
-				high = c.builder.CreateZExt(high, c.ctx.Int64Type(), "")
-			} else {
-				high = c.builder.CreateSExt(high, c.ctx.Int64Type(), "")
-			}
-		}
-		// TODO: 32-bit or even 16-bit slice bounds checks for 8-bit platforms
-		c.createRuntimeCall("sliceBoundsCheck64", []llvm.Value{capacity, low, high}, "")
-	} else {
-		c.createRuntimeCall("sliceBoundsCheck", []llvm.Value{capacity, low, high}, "")
-	}
-}
-
 func (c *Compiler) parseExpr(frame *Frame, expr ssa.Value) (llvm.Value, error) {
 	if value, ok := frame.locals[expr]; ok {
 		// Value is a local variable that has already been computed.
@@ -1815,9 +1430,16 @@ func (c *Compiler) parseExpr(frame *Frame, expr ssa.Value) (llvm.Value, error) {
 		}
 		var buf llvm.Value
 		if expr.Heap {
+			size := c.targetData.TypeAllocSize(typ)
+			// Calculate ^uintptr(0)
+			maxSize := llvm.ConstNot(llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, 0, false)).ZExtValue()
+			if size > maxSize {
+				// Size would be truncated if truncated to uintptr.
+				return llvm.Value{}, c.makeError(expr.Pos(), fmt.Sprintf("value is too big (%v bytes)", size))
+			}
 			// TODO: escape analysis
-			size := llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, c.targetData.TypeAllocSize(typ), false)
-			buf = c.createRuntimeCall("alloc", []llvm.Value{size}, expr.Comment)
+			sizeValue := llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, size, false)
+			buf = c.createRuntimeCall("alloc", []llvm.Value{sizeValue}, expr.Comment)
 			buf = c.builder.CreateBitCast(buf, llvm.PointerType(typ, 0), "")
 		} else {
 			buf = c.builder.CreateAlloca(typ, expr.Comment)
@@ -1899,6 +1521,11 @@ func (c *Compiler) parseExpr(frame *Frame, expr ssa.Value) (llvm.Value, error) {
 			llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int32Type(), 0, false),
 			llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int32Type(), uint64(expr.Field), false),
 		}
+		// Check for nil pointer before calculating the address, from the spec:
+		// > For an operand x of type T, the address operation &x generates a
+		// > pointer of type *T to x. [...] If the evaluation of x would cause a
+		// > run-time panic, then the evaluation of &x does too.
+		c.emitNilCheck(frame, val, "gep")
 		return c.builder.CreateGEP(val, indices, ""), nil
 	case *ssa.Function:
 		fn := c.ir.GetFunction(expr)
@@ -1912,10 +1539,6 @@ func (c *Compiler) parseExpr(frame *Frame, expr ssa.Value) (llvm.Value, error) {
 			fn.LLVMFn,
 		}, false), nil
 	case *ssa.Global:
-		if strings.HasPrefix(expr.Name(), "__cgofn__cgo_") || strings.HasPrefix(expr.Name(), "_cgo_") {
-			// Ignore CGo global variables which we don't use.
-			return llvm.Value{}, ir.ErrCGoWrapper
-		}
 		value := c.ir.GetGlobal(expr).LLVMGlobal
 		if value.IsNil() {
 			return llvm.Value{}, c.makeError(expr.Pos(), "global not found: "+c.ir.GetGlobal(expr).LinkName())
@@ -1934,7 +1557,7 @@ func (c *Compiler) parseExpr(frame *Frame, expr ssa.Value) (llvm.Value, error) {
 		// Check bounds.
 		arrayLen := expr.X.Type().(*types.Array).Len()
 		arrayLenLLVM := llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, uint64(arrayLen), false)
-		c.emitBoundsCheck(frame, arrayLenLLVM, index, expr.Index.Type())
+		c.emitLookupBoundsCheck(frame, arrayLenLLVM, index, expr.Index.Type())
 
 		// Can't load directly from array (as index is non-constant), so have to
 		// do it using an alloca+gep+load.
@@ -1962,6 +1585,13 @@ func (c *Compiler) parseExpr(frame *Frame, expr ssa.Value) (llvm.Value, error) {
 			case *types.Array:
 				bufptr = val
 				buflen = llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, uint64(typ.Len()), false)
+				// Check for nil pointer before calculating the address, from
+				// the spec:
+				// > For an operand x of type T, the address operation &x
+				// > generates a pointer of type *T to x. [...] If the
+				// > evaluation of x would cause a run-time panic, then the
+				// > evaluation of &x does too.
+				c.emitNilCheck(frame, bufptr, "gep")
 			default:
 				return llvm.Value{}, c.makeError(expr.Pos(), "todo: indexaddr: "+typ.String())
 			}
@@ -1973,8 +1603,7 @@ func (c *Compiler) parseExpr(frame *Frame, expr ssa.Value) (llvm.Value, error) {
 		}
 
 		// Bounds check.
-		// LLVM optimizes this away in most cases.
-		c.emitBoundsCheck(frame, buflen, index, expr.Index.Type())
+		c.emitLookupBoundsCheck(frame, buflen, index, expr.Index.Type())
 
 		switch expr.X.Type().Underlying().(type) {
 		case *types.Pointer:
@@ -2005,9 +1634,8 @@ func (c *Compiler) parseExpr(frame *Frame, expr ssa.Value) (llvm.Value, error) {
 			}
 
 			// Bounds check.
-			// LLVM optimizes this away in most cases.
 			length := c.builder.CreateExtractValue(value, 1, "len")
-			c.emitBoundsCheck(frame, length, index, expr.Index.Type())
+			c.emitLookupBoundsCheck(frame, length, index, expr.Index.Type())
 
 			// Lookup byte
 			buf := c.builder.CreateExtractValue(value, 0, "")
@@ -2033,7 +1661,7 @@ func (c *Compiler) parseExpr(frame *Frame, expr ssa.Value) (llvm.Value, error) {
 		if err != nil {
 			return llvm.Value{}, err
 		}
-		return c.parseMakeInterface(val, expr.X.Type(), "", expr.Pos())
+		return c.parseMakeInterface(val, expr.X.Type(), expr.Pos())
 	case *ssa.MakeMap:
 		mapType := expr.Type().Underlying().(*types.Map)
 		llvmKeyType, err := c.getLLVMType(mapType.Key().Underlying())
@@ -2065,29 +1693,52 @@ func (c *Compiler) parseExpr(frame *Frame, expr ssa.Value) (llvm.Value, error) {
 			return llvm.Value{}, nil
 		}
 		elemSize := c.targetData.TypeAllocSize(llvmElemType)
+		elemSizeValue := llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, elemSize, false)
+
+		// Calculate (^uintptr(0)) >> 1, which is the max value that fits in
+		// uintptr if uintptr were signed.
+		maxSize := llvm.ConstLShr(llvm.ConstNot(llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, 0, false)), llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, 1, false))
+		if elemSize > maxSize.ZExtValue() {
+			// This seems to be checked by the typechecker already, but let's
+			// check it again just to be sure.
+			return llvm.Value{}, c.makeError(expr.Pos(), fmt.Sprintf("slice element type is too big (%v bytes)", elemSize))
+		}
 
 		// Bounds checking.
 		if !frame.fn.IsNoBounds() {
-			if sliceLen.Type().IntTypeWidth() < c.uintptrType.IntTypeWidth() {
+			checkFunc := "sliceBoundsCheckMake"
+			capacityType := c.uintptrType
+			capacityTypeWidth := capacityType.IntTypeWidth()
+			if sliceLen.Type().IntTypeWidth() > capacityTypeWidth || sliceCap.Type().IntTypeWidth() > capacityTypeWidth {
+				// System that is less than 64bit, meaning that the slice make
+				// params are bigger than uintptr.
+				checkFunc = "sliceBoundsCheckMake64"
+				capacityType = c.ctx.Int64Type()
+				capacityTypeWidth = capacityType.IntTypeWidth()
+			}
+			if sliceLen.Type().IntTypeWidth() < capacityTypeWidth {
 				if expr.Len.Type().(*types.Basic).Info()&types.IsUnsigned != 0 {
-					sliceLen = c.builder.CreateZExt(sliceLen, c.uintptrType, "")
+					sliceLen = c.builder.CreateZExt(sliceLen, capacityType, "")
 				} else {
-					sliceLen = c.builder.CreateSExt(sliceLen, c.uintptrType, "")
+					sliceLen = c.builder.CreateSExt(sliceLen, capacityType, "")
 				}
 			}
-			if sliceCap.Type().IntTypeWidth() < c.uintptrType.IntTypeWidth() {
+			if sliceCap.Type().IntTypeWidth() < capacityTypeWidth {
 				if expr.Cap.Type().(*types.Basic).Info()&types.IsUnsigned != 0 {
-					sliceCap = c.builder.CreateZExt(sliceCap, c.uintptrType, "")
+					sliceCap = c.builder.CreateZExt(sliceCap, capacityType, "")
 				} else {
-					sliceCap = c.builder.CreateSExt(sliceCap, c.uintptrType, "")
+					sliceCap = c.builder.CreateSExt(sliceCap, capacityType, "")
 				}
 			}
-			c.createRuntimeCall("sliceBoundsCheckMake", []llvm.Value{sliceLen, sliceCap}, "")
+			maxSliceSize := maxSize
+			if elemSize != 0 { // avoid divide by zero
+				maxSliceSize = llvm.ConstSDiv(maxSize, llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, elemSize, false))
+			}
+			c.createRuntimeCall(checkFunc, []llvm.Value{sliceLen, sliceCap, maxSliceSize}, "")
 		}
 
 		// Allocate the backing array.
 		// TODO: escape analysis
-		elemSizeValue := llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, elemSize, false)
 		sliceCapCast, err := c.parseConvert(expr.Cap.Type(), types.Typ[types.Uintptr], sliceCap, expr.Pos())
 		if err != nil {
 			return llvm.Value{}, err
@@ -2230,7 +1881,6 @@ func (c *Compiler) parseExpr(frame *Frame, expr ssa.Value) (llvm.Value, error) {
 				low,
 			}
 
-			// This check is optimized away in most cases.
 			c.emitSliceBoundsCheck(frame, llvmLen, low, high, lowType, highType)
 
 			if c.targetData.TypeAllocSize(high.Type()) > c.targetData.TypeAllocSize(c.uintptrType) {
@@ -2440,12 +2090,10 @@ func (c *Compiler) parseBinOp(op token.Token, typ types.Type, x, y llvm.Value, p
 				panic("binop on float: " + op.String())
 			}
 		} else if typ.Info()&types.IsComplex != 0 {
-			indexr := llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int32Type(), 0, false)
-			indexi := llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int32Type(), 1, false)
-			r1 := c.builder.CreateExtractElement(x, indexr, "r1")
-			r2 := c.builder.CreateExtractElement(y, indexr, "r2")
-			i1 := c.builder.CreateExtractElement(x, indexi, "i1")
-			i2 := c.builder.CreateExtractElement(y, indexi, "i2")
+			r1 := c.builder.CreateExtractValue(x, 0, "r1")
+			r2 := c.builder.CreateExtractValue(y, 0, "r2")
+			i1 := c.builder.CreateExtractValue(x, 1, "i1")
+			i2 := c.builder.CreateExtractValue(y, 1, "i2")
 			switch op {
 			case token.EQL: // ==
 				req := c.builder.CreateFCmp(llvm.FloatOEQ, r1, r2, "")
@@ -2579,7 +2227,6 @@ func (c *Compiler) parseBinOp(op token.Token, typ types.Type, x, y llvm.Value, p
 		default:
 			return llvm.Value{}, c.makeError(pos, "unknown: binop on struct: "+op.String())
 		}
-		return result, nil
 	case *types.Struct:
 		// Compare each struct field and combine the result. From the spec:
 		//     Struct values are comparable if all their fields are comparable.
@@ -2608,7 +2255,6 @@ func (c *Compiler) parseBinOp(op token.Token, typ types.Type, x, y llvm.Value, p
 		default:
 			return llvm.Value{}, c.makeError(pos, "unknown: binop on struct: "+op.String())
 		}
-		return result, nil
 	default:
 		return llvm.Value{}, c.makeError(pos, "todo: binop type: "+typ.String())
 	}
@@ -2665,9 +2311,9 @@ func (c *Compiler) parseConst(prefix string, expr *ssa.Const) (llvm.Value, error
 			if err != nil {
 				return llvm.Value{}, err
 			}
-			cplx := llvm.Undef(llvm.VectorType(c.ctx.FloatType(), 2))
-			cplx = c.builder.CreateInsertElement(cplx, r, llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int8Type(), 0, false), "")
-			cplx = c.builder.CreateInsertElement(cplx, i, llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int8Type(), 1, false), "")
+			cplx := llvm.Undef(c.ctx.StructType([]llvm.Type{c.ctx.FloatType(), c.ctx.FloatType()}, false))
+			cplx = c.builder.CreateInsertValue(cplx, r, 0, "")
+			cplx = c.builder.CreateInsertValue(cplx, i, 1, "")
 			return cplx, nil
 		} else if typ.Kind() == types.Complex128 {
 			r, err := c.parseConst(prefix, ssa.NewConst(constant.Real(expr.Value), types.Typ[types.Float64]))
@@ -2678,9 +2324,9 @@ func (c *Compiler) parseConst(prefix string, expr *ssa.Const) (llvm.Value, error
 			if err != nil {
 				return llvm.Value{}, err
 			}
-			cplx := llvm.Undef(llvm.VectorType(c.ctx.DoubleType(), 2))
-			cplx = c.builder.CreateInsertElement(cplx, r, llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int8Type(), 0, false), "")
-			cplx = c.builder.CreateInsertElement(cplx, i, llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int8Type(), 1, false), "")
+			cplx := llvm.Undef(c.ctx.StructType([]llvm.Type{c.ctx.DoubleType(), c.ctx.DoubleType()}, false))
+			cplx = c.builder.CreateInsertValue(cplx, r, 0, "")
+			cplx = c.builder.CreateInsertValue(cplx, i, 1, "")
 			return cplx, nil
 		} else {
 			return llvm.Value{}, errors.New("todo: unknown constant: " + expr.String())
@@ -2848,25 +2494,25 @@ func (c *Compiler) parseConvert(typeFrom, typeTo types.Type, value llvm.Value, p
 
 		if typeFrom.Kind() == types.Complex128 && typeTo.Kind() == types.Complex64 {
 			// Conversion from complex128 to complex64.
-			r := c.builder.CreateExtractElement(value, llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int32Type(), 0, false), "real.f64")
-			i := c.builder.CreateExtractElement(value, llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int32Type(), 1, false), "imag.f64")
+			r := c.builder.CreateExtractValue(value, 0, "real.f64")
+			i := c.builder.CreateExtractValue(value, 1, "imag.f64")
 			r = c.builder.CreateFPTrunc(r, c.ctx.FloatType(), "real.f32")
 			i = c.builder.CreateFPTrunc(i, c.ctx.FloatType(), "imag.f32")
-			cplx := llvm.Undef(llvm.VectorType(c.ctx.FloatType(), 2))
-			cplx = c.builder.CreateInsertElement(cplx, r, llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int8Type(), 0, false), "")
-			cplx = c.builder.CreateInsertElement(cplx, i, llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int8Type(), 1, false), "")
+			cplx := llvm.Undef(c.ctx.StructType([]llvm.Type{c.ctx.FloatType(), c.ctx.FloatType()}, false))
+			cplx = c.builder.CreateInsertValue(cplx, r, 0, "")
+			cplx = c.builder.CreateInsertValue(cplx, i, 1, "")
 			return cplx, nil
 		}
 
 		if typeFrom.Kind() == types.Complex64 && typeTo.Kind() == types.Complex128 {
 			// Conversion from complex64 to complex128.
-			r := c.builder.CreateExtractElement(value, llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int32Type(), 0, false), "real.f32")
-			i := c.builder.CreateExtractElement(value, llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int32Type(), 1, false), "imag.f32")
+			r := c.builder.CreateExtractValue(value, 0, "real.f32")
+			i := c.builder.CreateExtractValue(value, 1, "imag.f32")
 			r = c.builder.CreateFPExt(r, c.ctx.DoubleType(), "real.f64")
 			i = c.builder.CreateFPExt(i, c.ctx.DoubleType(), "imag.f64")
-			cplx := llvm.Undef(llvm.VectorType(c.ctx.DoubleType(), 2))
-			cplx = c.builder.CreateInsertElement(cplx, r, llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int8Type(), 0, false), "")
-			cplx = c.builder.CreateInsertElement(cplx, i, llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int8Type(), 1, false), "")
+			cplx := llvm.Undef(c.ctx.StructType([]llvm.Type{c.ctx.DoubleType(), c.ctx.DoubleType()}, false))
+			cplx = c.builder.CreateInsertValue(cplx, r, 0, "")
+			cplx = c.builder.CreateInsertValue(cplx, i, 1, "")
 			return cplx, nil
 		}
 
@@ -3001,6 +2647,7 @@ func (c *Compiler) parseUnOp(frame *Frame, unop *ssa.UnOp) (llvm.Value, error) {
 			fn := c.mod.NamedFunction(name)
 			return c.builder.CreateBitCast(fn, c.i8ptrType, ""), nil
 		} else {
+			c.emitNilCheck(frame, x, "deref")
 			load := c.builder.CreateLoad(x, "")
 			if c.ir.IsVolatile(valType) {
 				// Volatile load, for memory-mapped registers.

compiler/interface-lowering.go

@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ func (p *lowerInterfacesPass) run() {
 			// interface value should already have returned false.
 			// Replace the function pointer with undef (which will then be
 			// called), indicating to the optimizer this code is unreachable.
-			use.ReplaceAllUsesWith(llvm.Undef(p.i8ptrType))
+			use.ReplaceAllUsesWith(llvm.Undef(p.uintptrType))
 			use.EraseFromParentAsInstruction()
 		} else if len(itf.types) == 1 {
 			// There is only one implementation of the given type.
@@ -314,12 +314,12 @@ func (p *lowerInterfacesPass) run() {
 			// There are multiple types implementing this interface, thus there
 			// are multiple possible functions to call. Delegate calling the
 			// right function to a special wrapper function.
-			bitcasts := getUses(use)
-			if len(bitcasts) != 1 || bitcasts[0].IsABitCastInst().IsNil() {
-				panic("expected exactly one bitcast use of runtime.interfaceMethod")
+			inttoptrs := getUses(use)
+			if len(inttoptrs) != 1 || inttoptrs[0].IsAIntToPtrInst().IsNil() {
+				panic("expected exactly one inttoptr use of runtime.interfaceMethod")
 			}
-			bitcast := bitcasts[0]
-			calls := getUses(bitcast)
+			inttoptr := inttoptrs[0]
+			calls := getUses(inttoptr)
 			if len(calls) != 1 || calls[0].IsACallInst().IsNil() {
 				panic("expected exactly one call use of runtime.interfaceMethod")
 			}
@@ -340,14 +340,14 @@ func (p *lowerInterfacesPass) run() {
 			// call, after selecting the right concrete type.
 			redirector := p.getInterfaceMethodFunc(itf, signature, call.Type(), paramTypes)
 
-			// Replace the old lookup/bitcast/call with the new call.
+			// Replace the old lookup/inttoptr/call with the new call.
 			p.builder.SetInsertPointBefore(call)
 			retval := p.builder.CreateCall(redirector, params, "")
 			if retval.Type().TypeKind() != llvm.VoidTypeKind {
 				call.ReplaceAllUsesWith(retval)
 			}
 			call.EraseFromParentAsInstruction()
-			bitcast.EraseFromParentAsInstruction()
+			inttoptr.EraseFromParentAsInstruction()
 			use.EraseFromParentAsInstruction()
 		}
 	}
@@ -542,22 +542,22 @@ func (p *lowerInterfacesPass) getSignature(name string) *signatureInfo {
 	return p.signatures[name]
 }
 
-// replaceInvokeWithCall replaces a runtime.interfaceMethod + bitcast with a
+// replaceInvokeWithCall replaces a runtime.interfaceMethod + inttoptr with a
 // concrete method. This can be done when only one type implements the
 // interface.
 func (p *lowerInterfacesPass) replaceInvokeWithCall(use llvm.Value, typ *typeInfo, signature *signatureInfo) {
-	bitcasts := getUses(use)
-	if len(bitcasts) != 1 || bitcasts[0].IsABitCastInst().IsNil() {
-		panic("expected exactly one bitcast use of runtime.interfaceMethod")
+	inttoptrs := getUses(use)
+	if len(inttoptrs) != 1 || inttoptrs[0].IsAIntToPtrInst().IsNil() {
+		panic("expected exactly one inttoptr use of runtime.interfaceMethod")
 	}
-	bitcast := bitcasts[0]
+	inttoptr := inttoptrs[0]
 	function := typ.getMethod(signature).function
-	if bitcast.Type() != function.Type() {
+	if inttoptr.Type() != function.Type() {
 		p.builder.SetInsertPointBefore(use)
-		function = p.builder.CreateBitCast(function, bitcast.Type(), "")
+		function = p.builder.CreateBitCast(function, inttoptr.Type(), "")
 	}
-	bitcast.ReplaceAllUsesWith(function)
-	bitcast.EraseFromParentAsInstruction()
+	inttoptr.ReplaceAllUsesWith(function)
+	inttoptr.EraseFromParentAsInstruction()
 	use.EraseFromParentAsInstruction()
 }
 

compiler/interface.go

@@ -22,28 +22,17 @@ import (
 // value field.
 //
 // An interface value is a {typecode, value} tuple, or {i16, i8*} to be exact.
-func (c *Compiler) parseMakeInterface(val llvm.Value, typ types.Type, global string, pos token.Pos) (llvm.Value, error) {
+func (c *Compiler) parseMakeInterface(val llvm.Value, typ types.Type, pos token.Pos) (llvm.Value, error) {
 	var itfValue llvm.Value
 	size := c.targetData.TypeAllocSize(val.Type())
 	if size > c.targetData.TypeAllocSize(c.i8ptrType) {
-		if global != "" {
-			// Allocate in a global variable.
-			global := llvm.AddGlobal(c.mod, val.Type(), global+"$itfvalue")
-			global.SetInitializer(val)
-			global.SetLinkage(llvm.InternalLinkage)
-			global.SetGlobalConstant(true)
-			zero := llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int32Type(), 0, false)
-			itfValueRaw := llvm.ConstInBoundsGEP(global, []llvm.Value{zero, zero})
-			itfValue = llvm.ConstBitCast(itfValueRaw, c.i8ptrType)
-		} else {
-			// Allocate on the heap and put a pointer in the interface.
-			// TODO: escape analysis.
-			sizeValue := llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, size, false)
-			alloc := c.createRuntimeCall("alloc", []llvm.Value{sizeValue}, "makeinterface.alloc")
-			itfValueCast := c.builder.CreateBitCast(alloc, llvm.PointerType(val.Type(), 0), "makeinterface.cast.value")
-			c.builder.CreateStore(val, itfValueCast)
-			itfValue = c.builder.CreateBitCast(itfValueCast, c.i8ptrType, "makeinterface.cast.i8ptr")
-		}
+		// Allocate on the heap and put a pointer in the interface.
+		// TODO: escape analysis.
+		sizeValue := llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, size, false)
+		alloc := c.createRuntimeCall("alloc", []llvm.Value{sizeValue}, "makeinterface.alloc")
+		itfValueCast := c.builder.CreateBitCast(alloc, llvm.PointerType(val.Type(), 0), "makeinterface.cast.value")
+		c.builder.CreateStore(val, itfValueCast)
+		itfValue = c.builder.CreateBitCast(itfValueCast, c.i8ptrType, "makeinterface.cast.i8ptr")
 	} else if size == 0 {
 		itfValue = llvm.ConstPointerNull(c.i8ptrType)
 	} else {
@@ -53,7 +42,7 @@ func (c *Compiler) parseMakeInterface(val llvm.Value, typ types.Type, global str
 			itfValue = c.builder.CreateIntToPtr(val, c.i8ptrType, "makeinterface.cast.int")
 		case llvm.PointerTypeKind:
 			itfValue = c.builder.CreateBitCast(val, c.i8ptrType, "makeinterface.cast.ptr")
-		case llvm.StructTypeKind, llvm.FloatTypeKind, llvm.DoubleTypeKind, llvm.VectorTypeKind:
+		case llvm.StructTypeKind, llvm.FloatTypeKind, llvm.DoubleTypeKind:
 			// A bitcast would be useful here, but bitcast doesn't allow
 			// aggregate types. So we'll bitcast it using an alloca.
 			// Hopefully this will get optimized away.
@@ -214,7 +203,7 @@ func (c *Compiler) getTypeMethodSet(typ types.Type) (llvm.Value, error) {
 		}
 		methodInfo := llvm.ConstNamedStruct(interfaceMethodInfoType, []llvm.Value{
 			signatureGlobal,
-			llvm.ConstBitCast(fn, c.i8ptrType),
+			llvm.ConstPtrToInt(fn, c.uintptrType),
 		})
 		methods[i] = methodInfo
 	}
@@ -411,7 +400,7 @@ func (c *Compiler) getInvokeCall(frame *Frame, instr *ssa.CallCommon) (llvm.Valu
 		c.getMethodSignature(instr.Method),
 	}
 	fn := c.createRuntimeCall("interfaceMethod", values, "invoke.func")
-	fnCast := c.builder.CreateBitCast(fn, llvmFnType, "invoke.func.cast")
+	fnCast := c.builder.CreateIntToPtr(fn, llvmFnType, "invoke.func.cast")
 	receiverValue := c.builder.CreateExtractValue(itf, 1, "invoke.func.receiver")
 
 	args := []llvm.Value{receiverValue}

compiler/syscall.go

@@ -17,7 +17,20 @@ func (c *Compiler) emitSyscall(frame *Frame, call *ssa.CallCommon) (llvm.Value,
 	num, _ := constant.Uint64Val(call.Args[0].(*ssa.Const).Value)
 	var syscallResult llvm.Value
 	switch {
-	case c.GOARCH == "amd64" && c.GOOS == "linux":
+	case c.GOARCH == "amd64":
+		if c.GOOS == "darwin" {
+			// Darwin adds this magic number to system call numbers:
+			//
+			// > Syscall classes for 64-bit system call entry.
+			// > For 64-bit users, the 32-bit syscall number is partitioned
+			// > with the high-order bits representing the class and low-order
+			// > bits being the syscall number within that class.
+			// > The high-order 32-bits of the 64-bit syscall number are unused.
+			// > All system classes enter the kernel via the syscall instruction.
+			//
+			// Source: https://opensource.apple.com/source/xnu/xnu-792.13.8/osfmk/mach/i386/syscall_sw.h
+			num += 0x2000000
+		}
 		// Sources:
 		//   https://stackoverflow.com/a/2538212
 		//   https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/X86_Assembly/Interfacing_with_Linux#syscall
@@ -34,6 +47,9 @@ func (c *Compiler) emitSyscall(frame *Frame, call *ssa.CallCommon) (llvm.Value,
 				"{r10}",
 				"{r8}",
 				"{r9}",
+				"{r11}",
+				"{r12}",
+				"{r13}",
 			}[i]
 			llvmValue, err := c.parseExpr(frame, arg)
 			if err != nil {
@@ -119,21 +135,42 @@ func (c *Compiler) emitSyscall(frame *Frame, call *ssa.CallCommon) (llvm.Value,
 	default:
 		return llvm.Value{}, c.makeError(call.Pos(), "unknown GOOS/GOARCH for syscall: "+c.GOOS+"/"+c.GOARCH)
 	}
-	// Return values: r0, r1, err uintptr
-	// Pseudocode:
-	//     var err uintptr
-	//     if syscallResult < 0 && syscallResult > -4096 {
-	//         err = -syscallResult
-	//     }
-	//     return syscallResult, 0, err
-	zero := llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, 0, false)
-	inrange1 := c.builder.CreateICmp(llvm.IntSLT, syscallResult, llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, 0, false), "")
-	inrange2 := c.builder.CreateICmp(llvm.IntSGT, syscallResult, llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, 0xfffffffffffff000, true), "") // -4096
-	hasError := c.builder.CreateAnd(inrange1, inrange2, "")
-	errResult := c.builder.CreateSelect(hasError, c.builder.CreateNot(syscallResult, ""), zero, "syscallError")
-	retval := llvm.Undef(llvm.StructType([]llvm.Type{c.uintptrType, c.uintptrType, c.uintptrType}, false))
-	retval = c.builder.CreateInsertValue(retval, syscallResult, 0, "")
-	retval = c.builder.CreateInsertValue(retval, zero, 1, "")
-	retval = c.builder.CreateInsertValue(retval, errResult, 2, "")
-	return retval, nil
+	switch c.GOOS {
+	case "linux":
+		// Return values: r0, r1 uintptr, err Errno
+		// Pseudocode:
+		//     var err uintptr
+		//     if syscallResult < 0 && syscallResult > -4096 {
+		//         err = -syscallResult
+		//     }
+		//     return syscallResult, 0, err
+		zero := llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, 0, false)
+		inrange1 := c.builder.CreateICmp(llvm.IntSLT, syscallResult, llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, 0, false), "")
+		inrange2 := c.builder.CreateICmp(llvm.IntSGT, syscallResult, llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, 0xfffffffffffff000, true), "") // -4096
+		hasError := c.builder.CreateAnd(inrange1, inrange2, "")
+		errResult := c.builder.CreateSelect(hasError, c.builder.CreateSub(zero, syscallResult, ""), zero, "syscallError")
+		retval := llvm.Undef(llvm.StructType([]llvm.Type{c.uintptrType, c.uintptrType, c.uintptrType}, false))
+		retval = c.builder.CreateInsertValue(retval, syscallResult, 0, "")
+		retval = c.builder.CreateInsertValue(retval, zero, 1, "")
+		retval = c.builder.CreateInsertValue(retval, errResult, 2, "")
+		return retval, nil
+	case "darwin":
+		// Return values: r0, r1 uintptr, err Errno
+		// Pseudocode:
+		//     var err uintptr
+		//     if syscallResult != 0 {
+		//         err = syscallResult
+		//     }
+		//     return syscallResult, 0, err
+		zero := llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, 0, false)
+		hasError := c.builder.CreateICmp(llvm.IntNE, syscallResult, llvm.ConstInt(c.uintptrType, 0, false), "")
+		errResult := c.builder.CreateSelect(hasError, syscallResult, zero, "syscallError")
+		retval := llvm.Undef(llvm.StructType([]llvm.Type{c.uintptrType, c.uintptrType, c.uintptrType}, false))
+		retval = c.builder.CreateInsertValue(retval, syscallResult, 0, "")
+		retval = c.builder.CreateInsertValue(retval, zero, 1, "")
+		retval = c.builder.CreateInsertValue(retval, errResult, 2, "")
+		return retval, nil
+	default:
+		return llvm.Value{}, c.makeError(call.Pos(), "unknown GOOS/GOARCH for syscall: "+c.GOOS+"/"+c.GOARCH)
+	}
 }

interp/frame.go

@@ -84,15 +84,18 @@ func (fr *frame) evalBasicBlock(bb, incoming llvm.BasicBlock, indent string) (re
 
 		// Memory operators
 		case !inst.IsAAllocaInst().IsNil():
-			fr.locals[inst] = &AllocaValue{
-				Underlying: getZeroValue(inst.Type().ElementType()),
-				Dirty:      false,
+			allocType := inst.Type().ElementType()
+			alloca := llvm.AddGlobal(fr.Mod, allocType, fr.pkgName+"$alloca")
+			alloca.SetInitializer(getZeroValue(allocType))
+			alloca.SetLinkage(llvm.InternalLinkage)
+			fr.locals[inst] = &LocalValue{
+				Underlying: alloca,
 				Eval:       fr.Eval,
 			}
 		case !inst.IsALoadInst().IsNil():
-			operand := fr.getLocal(inst.Operand(0))
+			operand := fr.getLocal(inst.Operand(0)).(*LocalValue)
 			var value llvm.Value
-			if !operand.IsConstant() || inst.IsVolatile() {
+			if !operand.IsConstant() || inst.IsVolatile() || operand.Underlying.Opcode() == llvm.BitCast {
 				value = fr.builder.CreateLoad(operand.Value(), inst.Name())
 			} else {
 				value = operand.Load()
@@ -173,11 +176,8 @@ func (fr *frame) evalBasicBlock(bb, incoming llvm.BasicBlock, indent string) (re
 					continue // special case: bitcast of alloc
 				}
 			}
-			value := fr.getLocal(operand)
-			if bc, ok := value.(*PointerCastValue); ok {
-				value = bc.Underlying // avoid double bitcasts
-			}
-			fr.locals[inst] = &PointerCastValue{Eval: fr.Eval, Underlying: value, CastType: inst.Type()}
+			value := fr.getLocal(operand).(*LocalValue)
+			fr.locals[inst] = &LocalValue{fr.Eval, fr.builder.CreateBitCast(value.Value(), inst.Type(), "")}
 
 		// Other operators
 		case !inst.IsAICmpInst().IsNil():
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ func (fr *frame) evalBasicBlock(bb, incoming llvm.BasicBlock, indent string) (re
 				alloc := llvm.AddGlobal(fr.Mod, allocType, fr.pkgName+"$alloc")
 				alloc.SetInitializer(getZeroValue(allocType))
 				alloc.SetLinkage(llvm.InternalLinkage)
-				result := &GlobalValue{
+				result := &LocalValue{
 					Underlying: alloc,
 					Eval:       fr.Eval,
 				}
@@ -246,15 +246,15 @@ func (fr *frame) evalBasicBlock(bb, incoming llvm.BasicBlock, indent string) (re
 				m := fr.getLocal(inst.Operand(0)).(*MapValue)
 				// "key" is a Go string value, which in the TinyGo calling convention is split up
 				// into separate pointer and length parameters.
-				keyBuf := fr.getLocal(inst.Operand(1))
-				keyLen := fr.getLocal(inst.Operand(2))
-				valPtr := fr.getLocal(inst.Operand(3))
+				keyBuf := fr.getLocal(inst.Operand(1)).(*LocalValue)
+				keyLen := fr.getLocal(inst.Operand(2)).(*LocalValue)
+				valPtr := fr.getLocal(inst.Operand(3)).(*LocalValue)
 				m.PutString(keyBuf, keyLen, valPtr)
 			case callee.Name() == "runtime.hashmapBinarySet":
 				// set a binary (int etc.) key in the map
 				m := fr.getLocal(inst.Operand(0)).(*MapValue)
-				keyBuf := fr.getLocal(inst.Operand(1))
-				valPtr := fr.getLocal(inst.Operand(2))
+				keyBuf := fr.getLocal(inst.Operand(1)).(*LocalValue)
+				valPtr := fr.getLocal(inst.Operand(2)).(*LocalValue)
 				m.PutBinary(keyBuf, valPtr)
 			case callee.Name() == "runtime.stringConcat":
 				// adding two strings together

interp/interp.go

@@ -42,10 +42,19 @@ func Run(mod llvm.Module, targetData llvm.TargetData, debug bool) error {
 
 	initAll := mod.NamedFunction(name)
 	bb := initAll.EntryBasicBlock()
-	e.builder.SetInsertPointBefore(bb.LastInstruction())
+	// Create a dummy alloca in the entry block that we can set the insert point
+	// to. This is necessary because otherwise we might be removing the
+	// instruction (init call) that we are removing after successful
+	// interpretation.
+	e.builder.SetInsertPointBefore(bb.FirstInstruction())
+	dummy := e.builder.CreateAlloca(e.Mod.Context().Int8Type(), "dummy")
+	e.builder.SetInsertPointBefore(dummy)
 	e.builder.SetInstDebugLocation(bb.FirstInstruction())
 	var initCalls []llvm.Value
 	for inst := bb.FirstInstruction(); !inst.IsNil(); inst = llvm.NextInstruction(inst) {
+		if inst == dummy {
+			continue
+		}
 		if !inst.IsAReturnInst().IsNil() {
 			break // ret void
 		}
@@ -115,11 +124,7 @@ func (e *Eval) function(fn llvm.Value, params []Value, pkgName, indent string) (
 // getValue determines what kind of LLVM value it gets and returns the
 // appropriate Value type.
 func (e *Eval) getValue(v llvm.Value) Value {
-	if !v.IsAGlobalVariable().IsNil() {
-		return &GlobalValue{e, v}
-	} else {
-		return &LocalValue{e, v}
-	}
+	return &LocalValue{e, v}
 }
 
 // markDirty marks the passed-in LLVM value dirty, recursively. For example,

interp/values.go

@@ -36,11 +36,17 @@ func (v *LocalValue) Type() llvm.Type {
 }
 
 func (v *LocalValue) IsConstant() bool {
+	if _, ok := v.Eval.dirtyGlobals[v.Underlying]; ok {
+		return false
+	}
 	return v.Underlying.IsConstant()
 }
 
-// Load loads a constant value if this is a constant GEP, otherwise it panics.
+// Load loads a constant value if this is a constant pointer.
 func (v *LocalValue) Load() llvm.Value {
+	if !v.Underlying.IsAGlobalVariable().IsNil() {
+		return v.Underlying.Initializer()
+	}
 	switch v.Underlying.Opcode() {
 	case llvm.GetElementPtr:
 		indices := v.getConstGEPIndices()
@@ -50,21 +56,32 @@ func (v *LocalValue) Load() llvm.Value {
 		global := v.Eval.getValue(v.Underlying.Operand(0))
 		agg := global.Load()
 		return llvm.ConstExtractValue(agg, indices[1:])
+	case llvm.BitCast:
+		panic("interp: load from a bitcast")
 	default:
 		panic("interp: load from a constant")
 	}
 }
 
-// Store stores to the underlying value if the value type is a constant GEP,
+// Store stores to the underlying value if the value type is a pointer type,
 // otherwise it panics.
 func (v *LocalValue) Store(value llvm.Value) {
+	if !v.Underlying.IsAGlobalVariable().IsNil() {
+		if !value.IsConstant() {
+			v.MarkDirty()
+			v.Eval.builder.CreateStore(value, v.Underlying)
+		} else {
+			v.Underlying.SetInitializer(value)
+		}
+		return
+	}
 	switch v.Underlying.Opcode() {
 	case llvm.GetElementPtr:
 		indices := v.getConstGEPIndices()
 		if indices[0] != 0 {
 			panic("invalid GEP")
 		}
-		global := &GlobalValue{v.Eval, v.Underlying.Operand(0)}
+		global := &LocalValue{v.Eval, v.Underlying.Operand(0)}
 		agg := global.Load()
 		agg = llvm.ConstInsertValue(agg, value, indices[1:])
 		global.Store(agg)
@@ -74,10 +91,13 @@ func (v *LocalValue) Store(value llvm.Value) {
 	}
 }
 
-// GetElementPtr returns a constant GEP when the underlying value is also a
-// constant GEP. It panics when the underlying value is not a constant GEP:
-// getting the pointer to a constant is not possible.
+// GetElementPtr returns a GEP when the underlying value is of pointer type.
 func (v *LocalValue) GetElementPtr(indices []uint32) Value {
+	if !v.Underlying.IsAGlobalVariable().IsNil() {
+		int32Type := v.Underlying.Type().Context().Int32Type()
+		gep := llvm.ConstGEP(v.Underlying, getLLVMIndices(int32Type, indices))
+		return &LocalValue{v.Eval, gep}
+	}
 	switch v.Underlying.Opcode() {
 	case llvm.GetElementPtr, llvm.IntToPtr:
 		int32Type := v.Underlying.Type().Context().Int32Type()
@@ -107,283 +127,18 @@ func (v *LocalValue) getConstGEPIndices() []uint32 {
 	return indices
 }
 
-// GlobalValue wraps a LLVM global variable.
-type GlobalValue struct {
-	Eval       *Eval
-	Underlying llvm.Value
-}
-
-// Value returns the initializer for this global variable.
-func (v *GlobalValue) Value() llvm.Value {
-	return v.Underlying
-}
-
-// Type returns the type of this global variable, which is a pointer type. Use
-// Type().ElementType() to get the actual global variable type.
-func (v *GlobalValue) Type() llvm.Type {
-	return v.Underlying.Type()
-}
-
-// IsConstant returns true if this global is not dirty, false otherwise.
-func (v *GlobalValue) IsConstant() bool {
-	if _, ok := v.Eval.dirtyGlobals[v.Underlying]; ok {
-		return false
-	}
-	return true
-}
-
-// Load returns the initializer of the global variable.
-func (v *GlobalValue) Load() llvm.Value {
-	return v.Underlying.Initializer()
-}
-
-// Store sets the initializer of the global variable.
-func (v *GlobalValue) Store(value llvm.Value) {
-	if !value.IsConstant() {
-		v.MarkDirty()
-		v.Eval.builder.CreateStore(value, v.Underlying)
-	} else {
-		v.Underlying.SetInitializer(value)
-	}
-}
-
-// GetElementPtr returns a constant GEP on this global, which can be used in
-// load and store instructions.
-func (v *GlobalValue) GetElementPtr(indices []uint32) Value {
-	int32Type := v.Underlying.Type().Context().Int32Type()
-	gep := llvm.ConstGEP(v.Underlying, getLLVMIndices(int32Type, indices))
-	return &LocalValue{v.Eval, gep}
-}
-
-func (v *GlobalValue) String() string {
-	return "&GlobalValue{" + v.Underlying.Name() + "}"
-}
-
 // MarkDirty marks this global as dirty, meaning that every load from and store
 // to this global (from now on) must be performed at runtime.
-func (v *GlobalValue) MarkDirty() {
+func (v *LocalValue) MarkDirty() {
+	if v.Underlying.IsAGlobalVariable().IsNil() {
+		panic("trying to mark a non-global as dirty")
+	}
 	if !v.IsConstant() {
 		return // already dirty
 	}
 	v.Eval.dirtyGlobals[v.Underlying] = struct{}{}
 }
 
-// An alloca represents a local alloca, which is a stack allocated variable.
-// It is emulated by storing the constant of the alloca.
-type AllocaValue struct {
-	Eval       *Eval
-	Underlying llvm.Value // the constant value itself if not dirty, otherwise the alloca instruction
-	Dirty      bool       // this value must be evaluated at runtime
-}
-
-// Value turns this alloca into a runtime alloca instead of a compile-time
-// constant (if not already converted), and returns the alloca itself.
-func (v *AllocaValue) Value() llvm.Value {
-	if !v.Dirty {
-		// Mark this alloca a dirty, meaning it is run at runtime instead of
-		// compile time.
-		alloca := v.Eval.builder.CreateAlloca(v.Underlying.Type(), "")
-		v.Eval.builder.CreateStore(v.Underlying, alloca)
-		v.Dirty = true
-		v.Underlying = alloca
-	}
-	return v.Underlying
-}
-
-// Type returns the type of this alloca, which is always a pointer.
-func (v *AllocaValue) Type() llvm.Type {
-	if v.Dirty {
-		return v.Underlying.Type()
-	} else {
-		return llvm.PointerType(v.Underlying.Type(), 0)
-	}
-}
-
-func (v *AllocaValue) IsConstant() bool {
-	return !v.Dirty
-}
-
-// Load returns the value this alloca contains, which may be evaluated at
-// runtime.
-func (v *AllocaValue) Load() llvm.Value {
-	if v.Dirty {
-		ret := v.Eval.builder.CreateLoad(v.Underlying, "")
-		if ret.IsNil() {
-			panic("alloca is nil")
-		}
-		return ret
-	} else {
-		if v.Underlying.IsNil() {
-			panic("alloca is nil")
-		}
-		return v.Underlying
-	}
-}
-
-// Store updates the value of this alloca.
-func (v *AllocaValue) Store(value llvm.Value) {
-	if v.Underlying.Type() != value.Type() {
-		panic("interp: trying to store to an alloca with a different type")
-	}
-	if v.Dirty || !value.IsConstant() {
-		v.Eval.builder.CreateStore(value, v.Value())
-	} else {
-		v.Underlying = value
-	}
-}
-
-// GetElementPtr returns a value (a *GetElementPtrValue) that keeps a reference
-// to this alloca, so that Load() and Store() continue to work.
-func (v *AllocaValue) GetElementPtr(indices []uint32) Value {
-	return &GetElementPtrValue{v, indices}
-}
-
-func (v *AllocaValue) String() string {
-	return "&AllocaValue{Type: " + v.Type().String() + "}"
-}
-
-// GetElementPtrValue wraps an alloca, keeping track of what the GEP points to
-// so it can be used as a pointer value (with Load() and Store()).
-type GetElementPtrValue struct {
-	Alloca  *AllocaValue
-	Indices []uint32
-}
-
-// Type returns the type of this GEP, which is always of type pointer.
-func (v *GetElementPtrValue) Type() llvm.Type {
-	if v.Alloca.Dirty {
-		return v.Value().Type()
-	} else {
-		return llvm.PointerType(v.Load().Type(), 0)
-	}
-}
-
-func (v *GetElementPtrValue) IsConstant() bool {
-	return v.Alloca.IsConstant()
-}
-
-// Value creates the LLVM GEP instruction of this GetElementPtrValue wrapper and
-// returns it.
-func (v *GetElementPtrValue) Value() llvm.Value {
-	if v.Alloca.Dirty {
-		alloca := v.Alloca.Value()
-		int32Type := v.Alloca.Type().Context().Int32Type()
-		llvmIndices := getLLVMIndices(int32Type, v.Indices)
-		return v.Alloca.Eval.builder.CreateGEP(alloca, llvmIndices, "")
-	} else {
-		panic("interp: todo: pointer to alloca gep")
-	}
-}
-
-// Load deferences the pointer this GEP points to. For a constant GEP, it
-// extracts the value from the underlying alloca.
-func (v *GetElementPtrValue) Load() llvm.Value {
-	if v.Alloca.Dirty {
-		gep := v.Value()
-		return v.Alloca.Eval.builder.CreateLoad(gep, "")
-	} else {
-		underlying := v.Alloca.Load()
-		indices := v.Indices
-		if indices[0] != 0 {
-			panic("invalid GEP")
-		}
-		return llvm.ConstExtractValue(underlying, indices[1:])
-	}
-}
-
-// Store stores to the pointer this GEP points to. For a constant GEP, it
-// updates the underlying allloca.
-func (v *GetElementPtrValue) Store(value llvm.Value) {
-	if v.Alloca.Dirty || !value.IsConstant() {
-		alloca := v.Alloca.Value()
-		int32Type := v.Alloca.Type().Context().Int32Type()
-		llvmIndices := getLLVMIndices(int32Type, v.Indices)
-		gep := v.Alloca.Eval.builder.CreateGEP(alloca, llvmIndices, "")
-		v.Alloca.Eval.builder.CreateStore(value, gep)
-	} else {
-		underlying := v.Alloca.Load()
-		indices := v.Indices
-		if indices[0] != 0 {
-			panic("invalid GEP")
-		}
-		underlying = llvm.ConstInsertValue(underlying, value, indices[1:])
-		v.Alloca.Store(underlying)
-	}
-}
-
-func (v *GetElementPtrValue) GetElementPtr(indices []uint32) Value {
-	if v.Alloca.Dirty {
-		panic("interp: todo: gep on a dirty gep")
-	} else {
-		combined := append([]uint32{}, v.Indices...)
-		combined[len(combined)-1] += indices[0]
-		combined = append(combined, indices[1:]...)
-		return &GetElementPtrValue{v.Alloca, combined}
-	}
-}
-
-func (v *GetElementPtrValue) String() string {
-	indices := ""
-	for _, n := range v.Indices {
-		if indices != "" {
-			indices += ", "
-		}
-		indices += strconv.Itoa(int(n))
-	}
-	return "&GetElementPtrValue{Alloca: " + v.Alloca.String() + ", Indices: [" + indices + "]}"
-}
-
-// PointerCastValue represents a bitcast operation on a pointer.
-type PointerCastValue struct {
-	Eval       *Eval
-	Underlying Value
-	CastType   llvm.Type
-}
-
-// Value returns a constant bitcast value.
-func (v *PointerCastValue) Value() llvm.Value {
-	from := v.Underlying.Value()
-	return llvm.ConstBitCast(from, v.CastType)
-}
-
-// Type returns the type this pointer has been cast to.
-func (v *PointerCastValue) Type() llvm.Type {
-	return v.CastType
-}
-
-func (v *PointerCastValue) IsConstant() bool {
-	return v.Underlying.IsConstant()
-}
-
-// Load tries to load and bitcast the given value. If this value cannot be
-// bitcasted, Load panics.
-func (v *PointerCastValue) Load() llvm.Value {
-	if v.Underlying.IsConstant() {
-		typeFrom := v.Underlying.Type().ElementType()
-		typeTo := v.CastType.ElementType()
-		if isScalar(typeFrom) && isScalar(typeTo) && v.Eval.TargetData.TypeAllocSize(typeFrom) == v.Eval.TargetData.TypeAllocSize(typeTo) {
-			return llvm.ConstBitCast(v.Underlying.Load(), v.CastType.ElementType())
-		}
-	}
-
-	panic("interp: load from a pointer bitcast: " + v.String())
-}
-
-// Store panics: it is not (yet) possible to store directly to a bitcast.
-func (v *PointerCastValue) Store(value llvm.Value) {
-	panic("interp: store on a pointer bitcast")
-}
-
-// GetElementPtr panics: it is not (yet) possible to do a GEP operation on a
-// bitcast.
-func (v *PointerCastValue) GetElementPtr(indices []uint32) Value {
-	panic("interp: GEP on a pointer bitcast")
-}
-
-func (v *PointerCastValue) String() string {
-	return "&PointerCastValue{Value: " + v.Underlying.String() + ", CastType: " + v.CastType.String() + "}"
-}
-
 // MapValue implements a Go map which is created at compile time and stored as a
 // global variable.
 type MapValue struct {
@@ -534,27 +289,24 @@ func (v *MapValue) GetElementPtr(indices []uint32) Value {
 
 // PutString does a map assign operation, assuming that the map is of type
 // map[string]T.
-func (v *MapValue) PutString(keyBuf, keyLen, valPtr Value) {
+func (v *MapValue) PutString(keyBuf, keyLen, valPtr *LocalValue) {
 	if !v.Underlying.IsNil() {
 		panic("map already created")
 	}
 
-	var value llvm.Value
-	switch valPtr := valPtr.(type) {
-	case *PointerCastValue:
-		value = valPtr.Underlying.Load()
-		if v.ValueType.IsNil() {
-			v.ValueType = value.Type()
-			if int(v.Eval.TargetData.TypeAllocSize(v.ValueType)) != v.ValueSize {
-				panic("interp: map store value type has the wrong size")
-			}
-		} else {
-			if value.Type() != v.ValueType {
-				panic("interp: map store value type is inconsistent")
-			}
+	if valPtr.Underlying.Opcode() == llvm.BitCast {
+		valPtr = &LocalValue{v.Eval, valPtr.Underlying.Operand(0)}
+	}
+	value := valPtr.Load()
+	if v.ValueType.IsNil() {
+		v.ValueType = value.Type()
+		if int(v.Eval.TargetData.TypeAllocSize(v.ValueType)) != v.ValueSize {
+			panic("interp: map store value type has the wrong size")
+		}
+	} else {
+		if value.Type() != v.ValueType {
+			panic("interp: map store value type is inconsistent")
 		}
-	default:
-		panic("interp: todo: handle map value pointer")
 	}
 
 	keyType := v.Eval.Mod.GetTypeByName("runtime._string")
@@ -569,31 +321,42 @@ func (v *MapValue) PutString(keyBuf, keyLen, valPtr Value) {
 }
 
 // PutBinary does a map assign operation.
-func (v *MapValue) PutBinary(keyPtr, valPtr Value) {
+func (v *MapValue) PutBinary(keyPtr, valPtr *LocalValue) {
 	if !v.Underlying.IsNil() {
 		panic("map already created")
 	}
 
-	var value llvm.Value
-	switch valPtr := valPtr.(type) {
-	case *PointerCastValue:
-		value = valPtr.Underlying.Load()
-		if v.ValueType.IsNil() {
-			v.ValueType = value.Type()
-			if int(v.Eval.TargetData.TypeAllocSize(v.ValueType)) != v.ValueSize {
-				panic("interp: map store value type has the wrong size")
-			}
-		} else {
-			if value.Type() != v.ValueType {
-				panic("interp: map store value type is inconsistent")
-			}
+	if valPtr.Underlying.Opcode() == llvm.BitCast {
+		valPtr = &LocalValue{v.Eval, valPtr.Underlying.Operand(0)}
+	}
+	value := valPtr.Load()
+	if v.ValueType.IsNil() {
+		v.ValueType = value.Type()
+		if int(v.Eval.TargetData.TypeAllocSize(v.ValueType)) != v.ValueSize {
+			panic("interp: map store value type has the wrong size")
+		}
+	} else {
+		if value.Type() != v.ValueType {
+			panic("interp: map store value type is inconsistent")
 		}
-	default:
-		panic("interp: todo: handle map value pointer")
 	}
 
-	key := keyPtr.(*PointerCastValue).Underlying.Load()
-	v.KeyType = key.Type()
+	if keyPtr.Underlying.Opcode() == llvm.BitCast {
+		keyPtr = &LocalValue{v.Eval, keyPtr.Underlying.Operand(0)}
+	} else if keyPtr.Underlying.Opcode() == llvm.GetElementPtr {
+		keyPtr = &LocalValue{v.Eval, keyPtr.Underlying.Operand(0)}
+	}
+	key := keyPtr.Load()
+	if v.KeyType.IsNil() {
+		v.KeyType = key.Type()
+		if int(v.Eval.TargetData.TypeAllocSize(v.KeyType)) != v.KeySize {
+			panic("interp: map store key type has the wrong size")
+		}
+	} else {
+		if key.Type() != v.KeyType {
+			panic("interp: map store key type is inconsistent")
+		}
+	}
 
 	// TODO: avoid duplicate keys
 	v.Keys = append(v.Keys, &LocalValue{v.Eval, key})

ir/interpreter.go

@@ -1,522 +0,0 @@
-package ir
-
-// This file provides functionality to interpret very basic Go SSA, for
-// compile-time initialization of globals.
-
-import (
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"go/constant"
-	"go/token"
-	"go/types"
-	"strings"
-
-	"golang.org/x/tools/go/ssa"
-)
-
-var ErrCGoWrapper = errors.New("tinygo internal: cgo wrapper") // a signal, not an error
-
-// Ignore these calls (replace with a zero return value) when encountered during
-// interpretation.
-var ignoreInitCalls = map[string]struct{}{
-	"syscall.runtime_envs":   struct{}{},
-	"syscall/js.predefValue": struct{}{},
-	"(syscall/js.Value).Get": struct{}{},
-	"(syscall/js.Value).New": struct{}{},
-	"(syscall/js.Value).Int": struct{}{},
-	"os.init$1":              struct{}{},
-}
-
-// Interpret instructions as far as possible, and drop those instructions from
-// the basic block.
-func (p *Program) Interpret(block *ssa.BasicBlock, dumpSSA bool) error {
-	if dumpSSA {
-		fmt.Printf("\ninterpret: %s\n", block.Parent().Pkg.Pkg.Path())
-	}
-	for {
-		i, err := p.interpret(block.Instrs, nil, nil, nil, dumpSSA)
-		if err == ErrCGoWrapper {
-			// skip this instruction
-			block.Instrs = block.Instrs[i+1:]
-			continue
-		}
-		block.Instrs = block.Instrs[i:]
-		return err
-	}
-}
-
-// Interpret instructions as far as possible, and return the index of the first
-// unknown instruction.
-func (p *Program) interpret(instrs []ssa.Instruction, paramKeys []*ssa.Parameter, paramValues []Value, results []Value, dumpSSA bool) (int, error) {
-	locals := map[ssa.Value]Value{}
-	for i, key := range paramKeys {
-		locals[key] = paramValues[i]
-	}
-	for i, instr := range instrs {
-		if _, ok := instr.(*ssa.DebugRef); ok {
-			continue
-		}
-		if dumpSSA {
-			if val, ok := instr.(ssa.Value); ok && val.Name() != "" {
-				fmt.Printf("\t%s: %s = %s\n", instr.Parent().RelString(nil), val.Name(), val.String())
-			} else {
-				fmt.Printf("\t%s: %s\n", instr.Parent().RelString(nil), instr.String())
-			}
-		}
-		switch instr := instr.(type) {
-		case *ssa.Alloc:
-			alloc, err := p.getZeroValue(instr.Type().Underlying().(*types.Pointer).Elem())
-			if err != nil {
-				return i, err
-			}
-			locals[instr] = &PointerValue{nil, &alloc}
-		case *ssa.BinOp:
-			if typ, ok := instr.Type().(*types.Basic); ok && typ.Kind() == types.String {
-				// Concatenate two strings.
-				// This happens in the time package, for example.
-				x, err := p.getValue(instr.X, locals)
-				if err != nil {
-					return i, err
-				}
-				y, err := p.getValue(instr.Y, locals)
-				if err != nil {
-					return i, err
-				}
-				xstr := constant.StringVal(x.(*ConstValue).Expr.Value)
-				ystr := constant.StringVal(y.(*ConstValue).Expr.Value)
-				locals[instr] = &ConstValue{ssa.NewConst(constant.MakeString(xstr+ystr), types.Typ[types.String])}
-			} else {
-				return i, errors.New("init: unknown binop: " + instr.String())
-			}
-		case *ssa.Call:
-			common := instr.Common()
-			callee := common.StaticCallee()
-			if callee == nil {
-				return i, nil // don't understand dynamic dispatch
-			}
-			if _, ok := ignoreInitCalls[callee.String()]; ok {
-				// These calls are not needed and can be ignored, for the time
-				// being.
-				results := make([]Value, callee.Signature.Results().Len())
-				for i := range results {
-					var err error
-					results[i], err = p.getZeroValue(callee.Signature.Results().At(i).Type())
-					if err != nil {
-						return i, err
-					}
-				}
-				if len(results) == 1 {
-					locals[instr] = results[0]
-				} else if len(results) > 1 {
-					locals[instr] = &StructValue{Fields: results}
-				}
-				continue
-			}
-			if callee.String() == "os.NewFile" {
-				// Emulate the creation of os.Stdin, os.Stdout and os.Stderr.
-				resultPtrType := callee.Signature.Results().At(0).Type().(*types.Pointer)
-				resultStructOuterType := resultPtrType.Elem().Underlying().(*types.Struct)
-				if resultStructOuterType.NumFields() != 1 {
-					panic("expected 1 field in os.File struct")
-				}
-				fileInnerPtrType := resultStructOuterType.Field(0).Type().(*types.Pointer)
-				fileInnerType := fileInnerPtrType.Elem().(*types.Named)
-				fileInnerStructType := fileInnerType.Underlying().(*types.Struct)
-				fileInner, err := p.getZeroValue(fileInnerType) // os.file
-				if err != nil {
-					return i, err
-				}
-				for fieldIndex := 0; fieldIndex < fileInnerStructType.NumFields(); fieldIndex++ {
-					field := fileInnerStructType.Field(fieldIndex)
-					if field.Name() == "name" {
-						// Set the 'name' field.
-						name, err := p.getValue(common.Args[1], locals)
-						if err != nil {
-							return i, err
-						}
-						fileInner.(*StructValue).Fields[fieldIndex] = name
-					} else if field.Type().String() == "internal/poll.FD" {
-						// Set the file descriptor field.
-						field := field.Type().Underlying().(*types.Struct)
-						for subfieldIndex := 0; subfieldIndex < field.NumFields(); subfieldIndex++ {
-							subfield := field.Field(subfieldIndex)
-							if subfield.Name() == "Sysfd" {
-								sysfd, err := p.getValue(common.Args[0], locals)
-								if err != nil {
-									return i, err
-								}
-								sysfd = &ConstValue{Expr: ssa.NewConst(sysfd.(*ConstValue).Expr.Value, subfield.Type())}
-								fileInner.(*StructValue).Fields[fieldIndex].(*StructValue).Fields[subfieldIndex] = sysfd
-							}
-						}
-					}
-				}
-				fileInnerPtr := &PointerValue{fileInnerPtrType, &fileInner}                                   // *os.file
-				var fileOuter Value = &StructValue{Type: resultPtrType.Elem(), Fields: []Value{fileInnerPtr}} // os.File
-				result := &PointerValue{resultPtrType.Elem(), &fileOuter}                                     // *os.File
-				locals[instr] = result
-				continue
-			}
-			if canInterpret(callee) {
-				params := make([]Value, len(common.Args))
-				for i, arg := range common.Args {
-					val, err := p.getValue(arg, locals)
-					if err != nil {
-						return i, err
-					}
-					params[i] = val
-				}
-				results := make([]Value, callee.Signature.Results().Len())
-				subi, err := p.interpret(callee.Blocks[0].Instrs, callee.Params, params, results, dumpSSA)
-				if err != nil {
-					return i, err
-				}
-				if subi != len(callee.Blocks[0].Instrs) {
-					return i, errors.New("init: could not interpret all instructions of subroutine")
-				}
-				if len(results) == 1 {
-					locals[instr] = results[0]
-				} else {
-					panic("unimplemented: not exactly 1 result")
-				}
-				continue
-			}
-			if callee.Object() == nil || callee.Object().Name() == "init" {
-				return i, nil // arrived at the init#num functions
-			}
-			return i, errors.New("todo: init call: " + callee.String())
-		case *ssa.ChangeType:
-			x, err := p.getValue(instr.X, locals)
-			if err != nil {
-				return i, err
-			}
-			// The only case when we need to bitcast is when casting between named
-			// struct types, as those are actually different in LLVM. Let's just
-			// bitcast all struct types for ease of use.
-			if _, ok := instr.Type().Underlying().(*types.Struct); ok {
-				return i, errors.New("todo: init: " + instr.String())
-			}
-			locals[instr] = x
-		case *ssa.Convert:
-			x, err := p.getValue(instr.X, locals)
-			if err != nil {
-				return i, err
-			}
-			typeFrom := instr.X.Type().Underlying()
-			switch typeTo := instr.Type().Underlying().(type) {
-			case *types.Basic:
-				if typeTo.Kind() == types.String {
-					return i, nil
-				}
-
-				if _, ok := typeFrom.(*types.Pointer); ok && typeTo.Kind() == types.UnsafePointer {
-					locals[instr] = &PointerBitCastValue{typeTo, x}
-				} else if typeFrom, ok := typeFrom.(*types.Basic); ok {
-					if typeFrom.Kind() == types.UnsafePointer && typeTo.Kind() == types.Uintptr {
-						locals[instr] = &PointerToUintptrValue{x}
-					} else if typeFrom.Info()&types.IsInteger != 0 && typeTo.Info()&types.IsInteger != 0 {
-						locals[instr] = &ConstValue{Expr: ssa.NewConst(x.(*ConstValue).Expr.Value, typeTo)}
-					} else {
-						return i, nil
-					}
-				} else {
-					return i, nil
-				}
-			case *types.Pointer:
-				if typeFrom, ok := typeFrom.(*types.Basic); ok && typeFrom.Kind() == types.UnsafePointer {
-					locals[instr] = &PointerBitCastValue{typeTo, x}
-				} else {
-					panic("expected unsafe pointer conversion")
-				}
-			default:
-				return i, nil
-			}
-		case *ssa.DebugRef:
-			// ignore
-		case *ssa.Extract:
-			tuple, err := p.getValue(instr.Tuple, locals)
-			if err != nil {
-				return i, err
-			}
-			locals[instr] = tuple.(*StructValue).Fields[instr.Index]
-		case *ssa.FieldAddr:
-			x, err := p.getValue(instr.X, locals)
-			if err != nil {
-				return i, err
-			}
-			var structVal *StructValue
-			switch x := x.(type) {
-			case *GlobalValue:
-				structVal = x.Global.initializer.(*StructValue)
-			case *PointerValue:
-				structVal = (*x.Elem).(*StructValue)
-			default:
-				panic("expected a pointer")
-			}
-			locals[instr] = &PointerValue{nil, &structVal.Fields[instr.Field]}
-		case *ssa.IndexAddr:
-			x, err := p.getValue(instr.X, locals)
-			if err != nil {
-				return i, err
-			}
-			if cnst, ok := instr.Index.(*ssa.Const); ok {
-				index, _ := constant.Int64Val(cnst.Value)
-				switch xPtr := x.(type) {
-				case *GlobalValue:
-					x = xPtr.Global.initializer
-				case *PointerValue:
-					x = *xPtr.Elem
-				default:
-					panic("expected a pointer")
-				}
-				switch x := x.(type) {
-				case *ArrayValue:
-					locals[instr] = &PointerValue{nil, &x.Elems[index]}
-				default:
-					return i, errors.New("todo: init IndexAddr not on an array or struct")
-				}
-			} else {
-				return i, errors.New("todo: init IndexAddr index: " + instr.Index.String())
-			}
-		case *ssa.MakeMap:
-			locals[instr] = &MapValue{instr.Type().Underlying().(*types.Map), nil, nil}
-		case *ssa.MapUpdate:
-			// Assume no duplicate keys exist. This is most likely true for
-			// autogenerated code, but may not be true when trying to interpret
-			// user code.
-			key, err := p.getValue(instr.Key, locals)
-			if err != nil {
-				return i, err
-			}
-			value, err := p.getValue(instr.Value, locals)
-			if err != nil {
-				return i, err
-			}
-			x := locals[instr.Map].(*MapValue)
-			x.Keys = append(x.Keys, key)
-			x.Values = append(x.Values, value)
-		case *ssa.Return:
-			for i, r := range instr.Results {
-				val, err := p.getValue(r, locals)
-				if err != nil {
-					return i, err
-				}
-				results[i] = val
-			}
-		case *ssa.Slice:
-			// Turn a just-allocated array into a slice.
-			if instr.Low != nil || instr.High != nil || instr.Max != nil {
-				return i, errors.New("init: slice expression with bounds")
-			}
-			source, err := p.getValue(instr.X, locals)
-			if err != nil {
-				return i, err
-			}
-			switch source := source.(type) {
-			case *PointerValue: // pointer to array
-				array := (*source.Elem).(*ArrayValue)
-				locals[instr] = &SliceValue{instr.Type().Underlying().(*types.Slice), array}
-			default:
-				return i, errors.New("init: unknown slice type")
-			}
-		case *ssa.Store:
-			if addr, ok := instr.Addr.(*ssa.Global); ok {
-				if strings.HasPrefix(instr.Addr.Name(), "__cgofn__cgo_") || strings.HasPrefix(instr.Addr.Name(), "_cgo_") {
-					// Ignore CGo global variables which we don't use.
-					continue
-				}
-				value, err := p.getValue(instr.Val, locals)
-				if err != nil {
-					return i, err
-				}
-				p.GetGlobal(addr).initializer = value
-			} else if addr, ok := locals[instr.Addr]; ok {
-				value, err := p.getValue(instr.Val, locals)
-				if err != nil {
-					return i, err
-				}
-				if addr, ok := addr.(*PointerValue); ok {
-					*(addr.Elem) = value
-				} else {
-					panic("store to non-pointer")
-				}
-			} else {
-				return i, errors.New("todo: init Store: " + instr.String())
-			}
-		case *ssa.UnOp:
-			if instr.Op != token.MUL || instr.CommaOk {
-				return i, errors.New("init: unknown unop: " + instr.String())
-			}
-			valPtr, err := p.getValue(instr.X, locals)
-			if err != nil {
-				return i, err
-			}
-			switch valPtr := valPtr.(type) {
-			case *GlobalValue:
-				locals[instr] = valPtr.Global.initializer
-			case *PointerValue:
-				locals[instr] = *valPtr.Elem
-			default:
-				panic("expected a pointer")
-			}
-		default:
-			return i, nil
-		}
-	}
-	return len(instrs), nil
-}
-
-// Check whether this function can be interpreted at compile time. For that, it
-// needs to only contain relatively simple instructions (for example, no control
-// flow).
-func canInterpret(callee *ssa.Function) bool {
-	if len(callee.Blocks) != 1 || callee.Signature.Results().Len() != 1 {
-		// No control flow supported so only one basic block.
-		// Only exactly one return value supported right now so check that as
-		// well.
-		return false
-	}
-	for _, instr := range callee.Blocks[0].Instrs {
-		switch instr.(type) {
-		// Ignore all functions fully supported by Program.interpret()
-		// above.
-		case *ssa.Alloc:
-		case *ssa.ChangeType:
-		case *ssa.DebugRef:
-		case *ssa.Extract:
-		case *ssa.FieldAddr:
-		case *ssa.IndexAddr:
-		case *ssa.MakeMap:
-		case *ssa.MapUpdate:
-		case *ssa.Return:
-		case *ssa.Slice:
-		case *ssa.Store:
-		case *ssa.UnOp:
-		default:
-			return false
-		}
-	}
-	return true
-}
-
-func (p *Program) getValue(value ssa.Value, locals map[ssa.Value]Value) (Value, error) {
-	switch value := value.(type) {
-	case *ssa.Const:
-		return &ConstValue{value}, nil
-	case *ssa.Function:
-		return &FunctionValue{value.Type(), value}, nil
-	case *ssa.Global:
-		if strings.HasPrefix(value.Name(), "__cgofn__cgo_") || strings.HasPrefix(value.Name(), "_cgo_") {
-			// Ignore CGo global variables which we don't use.
-			return nil, ErrCGoWrapper
-		}
-		g := p.GetGlobal(value)
-		if g.initializer == nil {
-			value, err := p.getZeroValue(value.Type().Underlying().(*types.Pointer).Elem())
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-			g.initializer = value
-		}
-		return &GlobalValue{g}, nil
-	default:
-		if local, ok := locals[value]; ok {
-			return local, nil
-		} else {
-			return nil, errors.New("todo: init: unknown value: " + value.String())
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func (p *Program) getZeroValue(t types.Type) (Value, error) {
-	switch typ := t.Underlying().(type) {
-	case *types.Array:
-		elems := make([]Value, typ.Len())
-		for i := range elems {
-			elem, err := p.getZeroValue(typ.Elem())
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-			elems[i] = elem
-		}
-		return &ArrayValue{typ.Elem(), elems}, nil
-	case *types.Basic:
-		return &ZeroBasicValue{typ}, nil
-	case *types.Signature:
-		return &FunctionValue{typ, nil}, nil
-	case *types.Map:
-		return &MapValue{typ, nil, nil}, nil
-	case *types.Pointer:
-		return &PointerValue{typ, nil}, nil
-	case *types.Struct:
-		elems := make([]Value, typ.NumFields())
-		for i := range elems {
-			elem, err := p.getZeroValue(typ.Field(i).Type())
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-			elems[i] = elem
-		}
-		return &StructValue{t, elems}, nil
-	case *types.Slice:
-		return &SliceValue{typ, nil}, nil
-	default:
-		return nil, errors.New("todo: init: unknown global type: " + typ.String())
-	}
-}
-
-// Boxed value for interpreter.
-type Value interface {
-}
-
-type ConstValue struct {
-	Expr *ssa.Const
-}
-
-type ZeroBasicValue struct {
-	Type *types.Basic
-}
-
-type PointerValue struct {
-	Type types.Type
-	Elem *Value
-}
-
-type FunctionValue struct {
-	Type types.Type
-	Elem *ssa.Function
-}
-
-type PointerBitCastValue struct {
-	Type types.Type
-	Elem Value
-}
-
-type PointerToUintptrValue struct {
-	Elem Value
-}
-
-type GlobalValue struct {
-	Global *Global
-}
-
-type ArrayValue struct {
-	ElemType types.Type
-	Elems    []Value
-}
-
-type StructValue struct {
-	Type   types.Type // types.Struct or types.Named
-	Fields []Value
-}
-
-type SliceValue struct {
-	Type  *types.Slice
-	Array *ArrayValue
-}
-
-type MapValue struct {
-	Type   *types.Map
-	Keys   []Value
-	Values []Value
-}

ir/ir.go

@@ -43,11 +43,10 @@ type Function struct {
 // Global variable, possibly constant.
 type Global struct {
 	*ssa.Global
-	program     *Program
-	LLVMGlobal  llvm.Value
-	linkName    string // go:extern
-	extern      bool   // go:extern
-	initializer Value
+	program    *Program
+	LLVMGlobal llvm.Value
+	linkName   string // go:extern
+	extern     bool   // go:extern
 }
 
 // Type with a name and possibly methods.
@@ -188,9 +187,6 @@ func NewProgram(lprogram *loader.Program, mainPath string) *Program {
 func (p *Program) AddPackage(pkg *ssa.Package) {
 	memberNames := make([]string, 0)
 	for name := range pkg.Members {
-		if isCGoInternal(name) {
-			continue
-		}
 		memberNames = append(memberNames, name)
 	}
 	sort.Strings(memberNames)
@@ -199,9 +195,6 @@ func (p *Program) AddPackage(pkg *ssa.Package) {
 		member := pkg.Members[name]
 		switch member := member.(type) {
 		case *ssa.Function:
-			if isCGoInternal(member.Name()) {
-				continue
-			}
 			p.addFunction(member)
 		case *ssa.Type:
 			t := &NamedType{Type: member}
@@ -416,10 +409,6 @@ func (g *Global) CName() string {
 	return ""
 }
 
-func (g *Global) Initializer() Value {
-	return g.initializer
-}
-
 // Return true if this named type is annotated with the //go:volatile pragma,
 // for volatile loads and stores.
 func (p *Program) IsVolatile(t types.Type) bool {
@@ -443,18 +432,6 @@ func (p *Program) IsVolatile(t types.Type) bool {
 	}
 }
 
-// Return true if this is a CGo-internal function that can be ignored.
-func isCGoInternal(name string) bool {
-	if strings.HasPrefix(name, "_Cgo_") || strings.HasPrefix(name, "_cgo") {
-		// _Cgo_ptr, _Cgo_use, _cgoCheckResult, _cgo_runtime_cgocall
-		return true // CGo-internal functions
-	}
-	if strings.HasPrefix(name, "__cgofn__cgo_") {
-		return true // CGo function pointer in global scope
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
 // Get all methods of a type.
 func getAllMethods(prog *ssa.Program, typ types.Type) []*types.Selection {
 	ms := prog.MethodSets.MethodSet(typ)

ir/passes.go

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ func (p *Program) SimpleDCE() {
 	worklist := []*ssa.Function{main}
 	for _, f := range p.Functions {
 		if f.exported || f.Synthetic == "package initializer" || f.Pkg == runtimePkg || (f.Pkg == mathPkg && f.Pkg != nil) {
-			if f.flag || isCGoInternal(f.Name()) {
+			if f.flag {
 				continue
 			}
 			f.flag = true
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ func (p *Program) SimpleDCE() {
 					}
 				}
 				for _, operand := range instr.Operands(nil) {
-					if operand == nil || *operand == nil || isCGoInternal((*operand).Name()) {
+					if operand == nil || *operand == nil {
 						continue
 					}
 					switch operand := (*operand).(type) {

loader/libclang.go

@@ -177,25 +177,44 @@ func (info *fileInfo) makeASTType(typ C.CXType) ast.Expr {
 	var typeName string
 	switch typ.kind {
 	case C.CXType_SChar:
-		typeName = "schar"
+		typeName = "C.schar"
 	case C.CXType_UChar:
-		typeName = "uchar"
+		typeName = "C.uchar"
 	case C.CXType_Short:
-		typeName = "short"
+		typeName = "C.short"
 	case C.CXType_UShort:
-		typeName = "ushort"
+		typeName = "C.ushort"
 	case C.CXType_Int:
-		typeName = "int"
+		typeName = "C.int"
 	case C.CXType_UInt:
-		typeName = "uint"
+		typeName = "C.uint"
 	case C.CXType_Long:
-		typeName = "long"
+		typeName = "C.long"
 	case C.CXType_ULong:
-		typeName = "ulong"
+		typeName = "C.ulong"
 	case C.CXType_LongLong:
-		typeName = "longlong"
+		typeName = "C.longlong"
 	case C.CXType_ULongLong:
-		typeName = "ulonglong"
+		typeName = "C.ulonglong"
+	case C.CXType_Bool:
+		typeName = "bool"
+	case C.CXType_Float, C.CXType_Double, C.CXType_LongDouble:
+		switch C.clang_Type_getSizeOf(typ) {
+		case 4:
+			typeName = "float32"
+		case 8:
+			typeName = "float64"
+		default:
+			// Don't do anything, rely on the fallback code to show a somewhat
+			// sensible error message like "undeclared name: C.long double".
+		}
+	case C.CXType_Complex:
+		switch C.clang_Type_getSizeOf(typ) {
+		case 8:
+			typeName = "complex64"
+		case 16:
+			typeName = "complex128"
+		}
 	case C.CXType_Pointer:
 		return &ast.StarExpr{
 			Star: info.importCPos,
@@ -218,13 +237,14 @@ func (info *fileInfo) makeASTType(typ C.CXType) ast.Expr {
 				Name:    "byte",
 			},
 		}
-	default:
+	}
+	if typeName == "" {
 		// Fallback, probably incorrect but at least the error points to an odd
 		// type name.
-		typeName = getString(C.clang_getTypeSpelling(typ))
+		typeName = "C." + getString(C.clang_getTypeSpelling(typ))
 	}
 	return &ast.Ident{
 		NamePos: info.importCPos,
-		Name:    "C." + typeName,
+		Name:    typeName,
 	}
 }

loader/libclang_config.go

@@ -3,7 +3,9 @@
 package loader
 
 /*
-#cgo CFLAGS: -I/usr/lib/llvm-7/include
-#cgo LDFLAGS: -L/usr/lib/llvm-7/lib -lclang
+#cgo linux  CFLAGS: -I/usr/lib/llvm-7/include
+#cgo darwin CFLAGS: -I/usr/local/opt/llvm/include
+#cgo linux  LDFLAGS: -L/usr/lib/llvm-7/lib -lclang
+#cgo darwin LDFLAGS: -L/usr/local/opt/llvm/lib -lclang -lffi
 */
 import "C"

main.go

@@ -21,13 +21,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/loader"
 )
 
-var commands = map[string]string{
-	"ar":      "ar",
-	"clang":   "clang-7",
-	"ld.lld":  "ld.lld-7",
-	"wasm-ld": "wasm-ld-7",
-}
-
 // commandError is an error type to wrap os/exec.Command errors. This provides
 // some more information regarding what went wrong while running a command.
 type commandError struct {
@@ -47,7 +40,6 @@ type BuildConfig struct {
 	dumpSSA    bool
 	debug      bool
 	printSizes string
-	initInterp bool
 	cFlags     []string
 	ldFlags    []string
 	wasmAbi    string
@@ -64,19 +56,18 @@ func Compile(pkgName, outpath string, spec *TargetSpec, config *BuildConfig, act
 	spec.LDFlags = append(spec.LDFlags, config.ldFlags...)
 
 	compilerConfig := compiler.Config{
-		Triple:     spec.Triple,
-		CPU:        spec.CPU,
-		GOOS:       spec.GOOS,
-		GOARCH:     spec.GOARCH,
-		GC:         config.gc,
-		CFlags:     spec.CFlags,
-		LDFlags:    spec.LDFlags,
-		Debug:      config.debug,
-		DumpSSA:    config.dumpSSA,
-		RootDir:    sourceDir(),
-		GOPATH:     getGopath(),
-		BuildTags:  spec.BuildTags,
-		InitInterp: config.initInterp,
+		Triple:    spec.Triple,
+		CPU:       spec.CPU,
+		GOOS:      spec.GOOS,
+		GOARCH:    spec.GOARCH,
+		GC:        config.gc,
+		CFlags:    spec.CFlags,
+		LDFlags:   spec.LDFlags,
+		Debug:     config.debug,
+		DumpSSA:   config.dumpSSA,
+		RootDir:   sourceDir(),
+		GOPATH:    getGopath(),
+		BuildTags: spec.BuildTags,
 	}
 	c, err := compiler.NewCompiler(pkgName, compilerConfig)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -96,17 +87,17 @@ func Compile(pkgName, outpath string, spec *TargetSpec, config *BuildConfig, act
 		return errors.New("verification error after IR construction")
 	}
 
-	if config.initInterp {
-		err = interp.Run(c.Module(), c.TargetData(), config.dumpSSA)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		if err := c.Verify(); err != nil {
-			return errors.New("verification error after interpreting runtime.initAll")
-		}
+	err = interp.Run(c.Module(), c.TargetData(), config.dumpSSA)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := c.Verify(); err != nil {
+		return errors.New("verification error after interpreting runtime.initAll")
 	}
 
-	c.ApplyFunctionSections() // -ffunction-sections
+	if spec.GOOS != "darwin" {
+		c.ApplyFunctionSections() // -ffunction-sections
+	}
 	if err := c.Verify(); err != nil {
 		return errors.New("verification error after applying function sections")
 	}
@@ -261,19 +252,19 @@ func Compile(pkgName, outpath string, spec *TargetSpec, config *BuildConfig, act
 			}
 		}
 
+		// Get an Intel .hex file or .bin file from the .elf file.
 		if outext == ".hex" || outext == ".bin" {
-			// Get an Intel .hex file or .bin file from the .elf file.
 			tmppath = filepath.Join(dir, "main"+outext)
-			format := map[string]string{
-				".hex": "ihex",
-				".bin": "binary",
-			}[outext]
-			cmd := exec.Command(spec.Objcopy, "-O", format, executable, tmppath)
-			cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
-			cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
-			err = cmd.Run()
+			err := Objcopy(executable, tmppath)
 			if err != nil {
-				return &commandError{"failed to extract " + format + " from", executable, err}
+				return err
+			}
+		} else if outext == ".uf2" {
+			// Get UF2 from the .elf file.
+			tmppath = filepath.Join(dir, "main"+outext)
+			err := ConvertELFFileToUF2File(executable, tmppath)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
 			}
 		}
 		return action(tmppath)
@@ -320,14 +311,31 @@ func Flash(pkgName, target, port string, config *BuildConfig) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	return Compile(pkgName, ".hex", spec, config, func(tmppath string) error {
+	// determine the type of file to compile
+	var fileExt string
+
+	switch {
+	case strings.Contains(spec.Flasher, "{hex}"):
+		fileExt = ".hex"
+	case strings.Contains(spec.Flasher, "{elf}"):
+		fileExt = ".elf"
+	case strings.Contains(spec.Flasher, "{bin}"):
+		fileExt = ".bin"
+	case strings.Contains(spec.Flasher, "{uf2}"):
+		fileExt = ".uf2"
+	default:
+		return errors.New("invalid target file - did you forget the {hex} token in the 'flash' section?")
+	}
+
+	return Compile(pkgName, fileExt, spec, config, func(tmppath string) error {
 		if spec.Flasher == "" {
 			return errors.New("no flash command specified - did you miss a -target flag?")
 		}
 
 		// Create the command.
 		flashCmd := spec.Flasher
-		flashCmd = strings.Replace(flashCmd, "{hex}", tmppath, -1)
+		fileToken := "{" + fileExt[1:] + "}"
+		flashCmd = strings.Replace(flashCmd, fileToken, tmppath, -1)
 		flashCmd = strings.Replace(flashCmd, "{port}", port, -1)
 
 		// Execute the command.
@@ -501,7 +509,6 @@ func main() {
 	printSize := flag.String("size", "", "print sizes (none, short, full)")
 	nodebug := flag.Bool("no-debug", false, "disable DWARF debug symbol generation")
 	ocdOutput := flag.Bool("ocd-output", false, "print OCD daemon output during debug")
-	initInterp := flag.Bool("initinterp", true, "enable/disable partial evaluator of generated IR")
 	port := flag.String("port", "/dev/ttyACM0", "flash port")
 	cFlags := flag.String("cflags", "", "additional cflags for compiler")
 	ldFlags := flag.String("ldflags", "", "additional ldflags for linker")
@@ -522,7 +529,6 @@ func main() {
 		dumpSSA:    *dumpSSA,
 		debug:      !*nodebug,
 		printSizes: *printSize,
-		initInterp: *initInterp,
 		wasmAbi:    *wasmAbi,
 	}
 

main_test.go

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"os/exec"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"runtime"
 	"sort"
 	"testing"
 )
@@ -53,32 +54,44 @@ func TestCompiler(t *testing.T) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	t.Log("running tests for linux/arm...")
-	for _, path := range matches {
-		if path == "testdata/cgo/" {
-			continue // TODO: improve CGo
-		}
-		t.Run(path, func(t *testing.T) {
-			runTest(path, tmpdir, "arm--linux-gnueabi", t)
-		})
-	}
-
-	t.Log("running tests for linux/arm64...")
-	for _, path := range matches {
-		if path == "testdata/cgo/" {
-			continue // TODO: improve CGo
-		}
-		t.Run(path, func(t *testing.T) {
-			runTest(path, tmpdir, "aarch64--linux-gnueabi", t)
-		})
-	}
-
 	t.Log("running tests for emulated cortex-m3...")
 	for _, path := range matches {
 		t.Run(path, func(t *testing.T) {
 			runTest(path, tmpdir, "qemu", t)
 		})
 	}
+
+	if runtime.GOOS == "linux" {
+		t.Log("running tests for linux/arm...")
+		for _, path := range matches {
+			if path == "testdata/cgo/" {
+				continue // TODO: improve CGo
+			}
+			t.Run(path, func(t *testing.T) {
+				runTest(path, tmpdir, "arm--linux-gnueabihf", t)
+			})
+		}
+
+		t.Log("running tests for linux/arm64...")
+		for _, path := range matches {
+			if path == "testdata/cgo/" {
+				continue // TODO: improve CGo
+			}
+			t.Run(path, func(t *testing.T) {
+				runTest(path, tmpdir, "aarch64--linux-gnu", t)
+			})
+		}
+
+		t.Log("running tests for WebAssembly...")
+		for _, path := range matches {
+			if path == "testdata/gc.go" {
+				continue // known to fail
+			}
+			t.Run(path, func(t *testing.T) {
+				runTest(path, tmpdir, "wasm", t)
+			})
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 func runTest(path, tmpdir string, target string, t *testing.T) {
@@ -103,7 +116,7 @@ func runTest(path, tmpdir string, target string, t *testing.T) {
 		dumpSSA:    false,
 		debug:      false,
 		printSizes: "",
-		initInterp: true,
+		wasmAbi:    "js",
 	}
 	binary := filepath.Join(tmpdir, "test")
 	err = Build("./"+path, binary, target, config)

objcopy.go

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"debug/elf"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"sort"
+
+	"github.com/marcinbor85/gohex"
+)
+
+// ObjcopyError is an error returned by functions that act like objcopy.
+type ObjcopyError struct {
+	Op  string
+	Err error
+}
+
+func (e ObjcopyError) Error() string {
+	if e.Err == nil {
+		return e.Op
+	}
+	return e.Op + ": " + e.Err.Error()
+}
+
+type ProgSlice []*elf.Prog
+
+func (s ProgSlice) Len() int           { return len(s) }
+func (s ProgSlice) Less(i, j int) bool { return s[i].Paddr < s[j].Paddr }
+func (s ProgSlice) Swap(i, j int)      { s[i], s[j] = s[j], s[i] }
+
+// ExtractROM extracts a firmware image and the first load address from the
+// given ELF file. It tries to emulate the behavior of objcopy.
+func ExtractROM(path string) (uint64, []byte, error) {
+	f, err := elf.Open(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, nil, ObjcopyError{"failed to open ELF file to extract text segment", err}
+	}
+	defer f.Close()
+
+	// The GNU objcopy command does the following for firmware extraction (from
+	// the man page):
+	// > When objcopy generates a raw binary file, it will essentially produce a
+	// > memory dump of the contents of the input object file. All symbols and
+	// > relocation information will be discarded. The memory dump will start at
+	// > the load address of the lowest section copied into the output file.
+
+	// Find the lowest section address.
+	startAddr := ^uint64(0)
+	for _, section := range f.Sections {
+		if section.Type != elf.SHT_PROGBITS || section.Flags&elf.SHF_ALLOC == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		if section.Addr < startAddr {
+			startAddr = section.Addr
+		}
+	}
+
+	progs := make(ProgSlice, 0, 2)
+	for _, prog := range f.Progs {
+		if prog.Type != elf.PT_LOAD || prog.Filesz == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		progs = append(progs, prog)
+	}
+	if len(progs) == 0 {
+		return 0, nil, ObjcopyError{"file does not contain ROM segments: " + path, nil}
+	}
+	sort.Sort(progs)
+
+	var rom []byte
+	for _, prog := range progs {
+		if prog.Paddr != progs[0].Paddr+uint64(len(rom)) {
+			return 0, nil, ObjcopyError{"ROM segments are non-contiguous: " + path, nil}
+		}
+		data, err := ioutil.ReadAll(prog.Open())
+		if err != nil {
+			return 0, nil, ObjcopyError{"failed to extract segment from ELF file: " + path, err}
+		}
+		rom = append(rom, data...)
+	}
+	if progs[0].Paddr < startAddr {
+		// The lowest memory address is before the first section. This means
+		// that there is some extra data loaded at the start of the image that
+		// should be discarded.
+		// Example: ELF files where .text doesn't start at address 0 because
+		// there is a bootloader at the start.
+		return startAddr, rom[startAddr-progs[0].Paddr:], nil
+	} else {
+		return progs[0].Paddr, rom, nil
+	}
+}
+
+// Objcopy converts an ELF file to a different (simpler) output file format:
+// .bin or .hex. It extracts only the .text section.
+func Objcopy(infile, outfile string) error {
+	f, err := os.OpenFile(outfile, os.O_RDWR|os.O_CREATE|os.O_TRUNC, 0666)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer f.Close()
+
+	// Read the .text segment.
+	addr, data, err := ExtractROM(infile)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// Write to the file, in the correct format.
+	switch filepath.Ext(outfile) {
+	case ".bin":
+		// The address is not stored in a .bin file (therefore you
+		// should use .hex files in most cases).
+		_, err := f.Write(data)
+		return err
+	case ".hex":
+		mem := gohex.NewMemory()
+		err := mem.AddBinary(uint32(addr), data)
+		if err != nil {
+			return ObjcopyError{"failed to create .hex file", err}
+		}
+		mem.DumpIntelHex(f, 16) // TODO: handle error
+		return nil
+	default:
+		panic("unreachable")
+	}
+}

src/device/arm/arm.go

@@ -118,3 +118,21 @@ func SetPriority(irq uint32, priority uint32) {
 	priority = priority << (regpos * 8)  // bits to set
 	NVIC.IPR[regnum] = RegValue((uint32(NVIC.IPR[regnum]) &^ mask) | priority)
 }
+
+// DisableInterrupts disables all interrupts, and returns the old state.
+//
+// TODO: it doesn't actually return the old state, meaning that it cannot be
+// nested.
+func DisableInterrupts() uintptr {
+	Asm("cpsid if")
+	return 0
+}
+
+// EnableInterrupts enables all interrupts again. The value passed in must be
+// the mask returned by DisableInterrupts.
+//
+// TODO: it doesn't actually use the old state, meaning that it cannot be
+// nested.
+func EnableInterrupts(mask uintptr) {
+	Asm("cpsie if")
+}

src/examples/wasm/wasm.js

@@ -13,11 +13,23 @@ function init() {
   document.querySelector('#b').oninput = updateResult;
 
   const go = new Go();
-  WebAssembly.instantiateStreaming(fetch(WASM_URL), go.importObject).then(function(obj) {
-    wasm = obj.instance;
-    go.run(wasm);
-    updateResult();
-  })
+  if ('instantiateStreaming' in WebAssembly) {
+    WebAssembly.instantiateStreaming(fetch(WASM_URL), go.importObject).then(function(obj) {
+      wasm = obj.instance;
+      go.run(wasm);
+      updateResult();
+    })
+  } else {
+    fetch(WASM_URL).then(resp =>
+      resp.arrayBuffer()
+    ).then(bytes =>
+      WebAssembly.instantiate(bytes, go.importObject).then(function(obj) {
+        wasm = obj.instance;
+        go.run(wasm);
+        updateResult();
+      })
+    )
+  }
 }
 
 init();

src/machine/board_circuitplay_express.go

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+// +build sam,atsamd21,circuitplay_express
+
+package machine
+
+import "device/sam"
+
+// GPIO Pins
+const (
+	D0  = PB09
+	D1  = PB08
+	D2  = PB02
+	D3  = PB03
+	D4  = PA28
+	D5  = PA14
+	D6  = PA05
+	D7  = PA15
+	D8  = PB23
+	D9  = PA06
+	D10 = PA07
+	D11 = 0xff // does not seem to exist
+	D12 = PA02
+	D13 = PA17 // PWM available
+)
+
+// Analog Pins
+const (
+	A0  = PA02 // PWM available, also ADC/AIN[0]
+	A1  = PA05 // ADC/AIN[5]
+	A2  = PA06 // PWM available, also ADC/AIN[6]
+	A3  = PA07 // PWM available, also ADC/AIN[7]
+	A4  = PB03 // PORTB
+	A5  = PB02 // PORTB
+	A6  = PB09 // PORTB
+	A7  = PB08 // PORTB
+	A8  = PA11 // ADC/AIN[19]
+	A9  = PA09 // ADC/AIN[17]
+	A10 = PA04
+)
+
+const (
+	LED       = D13
+	NEOPIXELS = D8
+
+	BUTTONA = D4
+	BUTTONB = D5
+	SLIDER  = D7 // built-in slide switch
+
+	BUTTON  = BUTTONA
+	BUTTON1 = BUTTONB
+
+	LIGHTSENSOR = A8
+	TEMPSENSOR  = A9
+	PROXIMITY   = A10
+)
+
+// USBCDC pins (logical UART0)
+const (
+	USBCDC_DM_PIN = PA24
+	USBCDC_DP_PIN = PA25
+)
+
+// UART0 pins (logical UART1)
+const (
+	UART_TX_PIN = PB08 // PORTB
+	UART_RX_PIN = PB09 // PORTB
+)
+
+// I2C pins
+const (
+	SDA_PIN = PB02 // I2C0 external
+	SCL_PIN = PB03 // I2C0 external
+
+	SDA1_PIN = PA00 // I2C1 internal
+	SCL1_PIN = PA01 // I2C1 internal
+)
+
+// I2C on the Circuit Playground Express.
+var (
+	I2C0 = I2C{Bus: sam.SERCOM5_I2CM} // external device
+	I2C1 = I2C{Bus: sam.SERCOM1_I2CM} // internal device
+)
+
+// SPI pins (internal flash)
+const (
+	SPI0_SCK_PIN  = PA21 // SCK: SERCOM3/PAD[3]
+	SPI0_MOSI_PIN = PA20 // MOSI: SERCOM3/PAD[2]
+	SPI0_MISO_PIN = PA16 // MISO: SERCOM3/PAD[0]
+)
+
+// SPI on the Circuit Playground Express.
+var (
+	SPI0 = SPI{Bus: sam.SERCOM3_SPI}
+)

src/machine/board_itsybitsy-m0.go

@@ -1,40 +1,48 @@
-// +build sam,atsamd21g18a,itsybitsy_m0
+// +build sam,atsamd21,itsybitsy_m0
 
 package machine
 
+import "device/sam"
+
 // GPIO Pins
 const (
-	D0  = 11 // UART0 RX
-	D1  = 10 // UART0 TX
-	D2  = 14
-	D3  = 9  // PWM available
-	D4  = 8  // PWM available
-	D5  = 15 // PWM available
-	D6  = 20 // PWM available
-	D7  = 21 // PWM available
-	D8  = 6  // PWM available
-	D9  = 7  // PWM available
-	D10 = 18 // can be used for PWM or UART1 TX
-	D11 = 16 // can be used for PWM or UART1 RX
-	D12 = 19 // PWM available
-	D13 = 17 // PWM available
+	D0  = PA11 // UART0 RX
+	D1  = PA10 // UART0 TX
+	D2  = PA14
+	D3  = PA09 // PWM available
+	D4  = PA08 // PWM available
+	D5  = PA15 // PWM available
+	D6  = PA20 // PWM available
+	D7  = PA21 // PWM available
+	D8  = PA06 // PWM available
+	D9  = PA07 // PWM available
+	D10 = PA18 // can be used for PWM or UART1 TX
+	D11 = PA16 // can be used for PWM or UART1 RX
+	D12 = PA19 // PWM available
+	D13 = PA17 // PWM available
 )
 
 // Analog pins
 const (
-	A0 = 2 // ADC/AIN[0]
-	// A1 = 8 // ADC/AIN[2] TODO: requires PORTB
-	// A2 = 9 // ADC/AIN[3] TODO: requires PORTB
-	A3 = 4 // ADC/AIN[4]
-	A4 = 5 // ADC/AIN[5]
-	//A5 = 2 // ADC/AIN[10] TODO: requires PORTB
+	A0 = PA02 // ADC/AIN[0]
+	A1 = PB08 // ADC/AIN[2]
+	A2 = PB09 // ADC/AIN[3]
+	A3 = PA04 // ADC/AIN[4]
+	A4 = PA05 // ADC/AIN[5]
+	A5 = PB02 // ADC/AIN[10]
 )
 
 const (
 	LED = D13
 )
 
-// UART0 pins
+// UART0 aka USBCDC pins
+const (
+	USBCDC_DM_PIN = PA24
+	USBCDC_DP_PIN = PA25
+)
+
+// UART1 pins
 const (
 	UART_TX_PIN = D1
 	UART_RX_PIN = D0
@@ -42,6 +50,23 @@ const (
 
 // I2C pins
 const (
-	SDA_PIN = 22 // SDA: SERCOM3/PAD[0]
-	SCL_PIN = 23 // SCL: SERCOM3/PAD[1]
+	SDA_PIN = PA22 // SDA: SERCOM3/PAD[0]
+	SCL_PIN = PA23 // SCL: SERCOM3/PAD[1]
+)
+
+// I2C on the ItsyBitsy M0.
+var (
+	I2C0 = I2C{Bus: sam.SERCOM3_I2CM}
+)
+
+// SPI pins
+const (
+	SPI0_SCK_PIN  = PB11 // SCK: SERCOM4/PAD[3]
+	SPI0_MOSI_PIN = PB10 // MOSI: SERCOM4/PAD[2]
+	SPI0_MISO_PIN = PA12 // MISO: SERCOM4/PAD[0]
+)
+
+// SPI on the ItsyBitsy M0.
+var (
+	SPI0 = SPI{Bus: sam.SERCOM4_SPI}
 )

src/machine/board_microbit.go

@@ -43,6 +43,27 @@ const (
 	SPI0_MISO_PIN = 22 // P14 on the board
 )
 
+// GPIO/Analog pins
+const (
+	P0  = 3
+	P1  = 2
+	P2  = 1
+	P3  = 4
+	P4  = 5
+	P5  = 17
+	P6  = 12
+	P7  = 11
+	P8  = 18
+	P9  = 10
+	P10 = 6
+	P11 = 26
+	P12 = 20
+	P13 = 23
+	P14 = 22
+	P15 = 21
+	P16 = 16
+)
+
 // LED matrix pins
 const (
 	LED_COL_1 = 4

src/machine/machine_atsamd21g18.go

@@ -1,908 +0,0 @@
-// +build sam,atsamd21g18a
-
-// Peripheral abstraction layer for the atsamd21.
-//
-// Datasheet:
-// http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/SAMD21-Family-DataSheet-DS40001882D.pdf
-//
-package machine
-
-import (
-	"device/arm"
-	"device/sam"
-	"errors"
-)
-
-const CPU_FREQUENCY = 48000000
-
-type GPIOMode uint8
-
-const (
-	GPIO_ANALOG       = 1
-	GPIO_SERCOM       = 2
-	GPIO_SERCOM_ALT   = 3
-	GPIO_TIMER        = 4
-	GPIO_TIMER_ALT    = 5
-	GPIO_COM          = 6
-	GPIO_AC_CLK       = 7
-	GPIO_DIGITAL      = 8
-	GPIO_INPUT        = 9
-	GPIO_INPUT_PULLUP = 10
-	GPIO_OUTPUT       = 11
-	GPIO_PWM          = GPIO_TIMER
-	GPIO_PWM_ALT      = GPIO_TIMER_ALT
-)
-
-// Configure this pin with the given configuration.
-func (p GPIO) Configure(config GPIOConfig) {
-	switch config.Mode {
-	case GPIO_OUTPUT:
-		sam.PORT.DIRSET0 = (1 << p.Pin)
-		// output is also set to input enable so pin can read back its own value
-		p.setPinCfg(sam.PORT_PINCFG0_INEN)
-
-	case GPIO_INPUT:
-		sam.PORT.DIRCLR0 = (1 << p.Pin)
-		p.setPinCfg(sam.PORT_PINCFG0_INEN)
-
-	case GPIO_SERCOM:
-		if p.Pin&1 > 0 {
-			// odd pin, so save the even pins
-			val := p.getPMux() & sam.PORT_PMUX0_PMUXE_Msk
-			p.setPMux(val | (GPIO_SERCOM << sam.PORT_PMUX0_PMUXO_Pos))
-		} else {
-			// even pin, so save the odd pins
-			val := p.getPMux() & sam.PORT_PMUX0_PMUXO_Msk
-			p.setPMux(val | (GPIO_SERCOM << sam.PORT_PMUX0_PMUXE_Pos))
-		}
-		// enable port config
-		p.setPinCfg(sam.PORT_PINCFG0_PMUXEN | sam.PORT_PINCFG0_DRVSTR | sam.PORT_PINCFG0_INEN)
-	}
-}
-
-// Get returns the current value of a GPIO pin.
-func (p GPIO) Get() bool {
-	return (sam.PORT.IN0>>p.Pin)&1 > 0
-}
-
-// Set the pin to high or low.
-// Warning: only use this on an output pin!
-func (p GPIO) Set(high bool) {
-	if high {
-		sam.PORT.OUTSET0 = (1 << p.Pin)
-	} else {
-		sam.PORT.OUTCLR0 = (1 << p.Pin)
-	}
-}
-
-// getPMux returns the value for the correct PMUX register for this pin.
-func (p GPIO) getPMux() sam.RegValue8 {
-	return getPMux(p.Pin)
-}
-
-// setPMux sets the value for the correct PMUX register for this pin.
-func (p GPIO) setPMux(val sam.RegValue8) {
-	setPMux(p.Pin, val)
-}
-
-// getPinCfg returns the value for the correct PINCFG register for this pin.
-func (p GPIO) getPinCfg() sam.RegValue8 {
-	return getPinCfg(p.Pin)
-}
-
-// setPinCfg sets the value for the correct PINCFG register for this pin.
-func (p GPIO) setPinCfg(val sam.RegValue8) {
-	setPinCfg(p.Pin, val)
-}
-
-// UART on the SAMD21.
-type UART struct {
-	Buffer *RingBuffer
-	Bus    *sam.SERCOM_USART_Type
-}
-
-var (
-	// The first hardware serial port on the SAMD21. Uses the SERCOM0 interface.
-	UART0 = UART{Bus: sam.SERCOM0_USART, Buffer: NewRingBuffer()}
-
-	// The second hardware serial port on the SAMD21. Uses the SERCOM1 interface.
-	UART1 = UART{Bus: sam.SERCOM1_USART, Buffer: NewRingBuffer()}
-)
-
-const (
-	sampleRate16X  = 16
-	lsbFirst       = 1
-	sercomRXPad0   = 0
-	sercomRXPad1   = 1
-	sercomRXPad2   = 2
-	sercomRXPad3   = 3
-	sercomTXPad0   = 0 // Only for UART
-	sercomTXPad2   = 1 // Only for UART
-	sercomTXPad023 = 2 // Only for UART with TX on PAD0, RTS on PAD2 and CTS on PAD3
-)
-
-// Configure the UART.
-func (uart UART) Configure(config UARTConfig) {
-	// Default baud rate to 115200.
-	if config.BaudRate == 0 {
-		config.BaudRate = 115200
-	}
-
-	// determine pins
-	if config.TX == 0 {
-		// use default pins
-		config.TX = UART_TX_PIN
-		config.RX = UART_RX_PIN
-	}
-
-	// determine pads
-	var txpad, rxpad int
-	switch config.TX {
-	case UART_TX_PIN:
-		txpad = sercomTXPad2
-	case D10:
-		txpad = sercomTXPad2
-	case D11:
-		txpad = sercomTXPad0
-	default:
-		panic("Invalid TX pin for UART")
-	}
-
-	switch config.RX {
-	case UART_RX_PIN:
-		rxpad = sercomRXPad3
-	case D10:
-		rxpad = sercomRXPad2
-	case D11:
-		rxpad = sercomRXPad0
-	case D12:
-		rxpad = sercomRXPad3
-	case D13:
-		rxpad = sercomRXPad1
-	default:
-		panic("Invalid RX pin for UART")
-	}
-
-	// configure pins
-	GPIO{config.TX}.Configure(GPIOConfig{Mode: GPIO_SERCOM})
-	GPIO{config.RX}.Configure(GPIOConfig{Mode: GPIO_SERCOM})
-
-	// reset SERCOM0
-	uart.Bus.CTRLA |= sam.SERCOM_USART_CTRLA_SWRST
-	for (uart.Bus.CTRLA&sam.SERCOM_USART_CTRLA_SWRST) > 0 ||
-		(uart.Bus.SYNCBUSY&sam.SERCOM_USART_SYNCBUSY_SWRST) > 0 {
-	}
-
-	// set UART mode/sample rate
-	// SERCOM_USART_CTRLA_MODE(mode) |
-	// SERCOM_USART_CTRLA_SAMPR(sampleRate);
-	uart.Bus.CTRLA = (sam.SERCOM_USART_CTRLA_MODE_USART_INT_CLK << sam.SERCOM_USART_CTRLA_MODE_Pos) |
-		(1 << sam.SERCOM_USART_CTRLA_SAMPR_Pos) // sample rate of 16x
-
-	// Set baud rate
-	uart.SetBaudRate(config.BaudRate)
-
-	// setup UART frame
-	// SERCOM_USART_CTRLA_FORM( (parityMode == SERCOM_NO_PARITY ? 0 : 1) ) |
-	// dataOrder << SERCOM_USART_CTRLA_DORD_Pos;
-	uart.Bus.CTRLA |= (0 << sam.SERCOM_USART_CTRLA_FORM_Pos) | // no parity
-		(lsbFirst << sam.SERCOM_USART_CTRLA_DORD_Pos) // data order
-
-	// set UART stop bits/parity
-	// SERCOM_USART_CTRLB_CHSIZE(charSize) |
-	// 	nbStopBits << SERCOM_USART_CTRLB_SBMODE_Pos |
-	// 	(parityMode == SERCOM_NO_PARITY ? 0 : parityMode) << SERCOM_USART_CTRLB_PMODE_Pos; //If no parity use default value
-	uart.Bus.CTRLB |= (0 << sam.SERCOM_USART_CTRLB_CHSIZE_Pos) | // 8 bits is 0
-		(0 << sam.SERCOM_USART_CTRLB_SBMODE_Pos) | // 1 stop bit is zero
-		(0 << sam.SERCOM_USART_CTRLB_PMODE_Pos) // no parity
-
-	// set UART pads. This is not same as pins...
-	//  SERCOM_USART_CTRLA_TXPO(txPad) |
-	//   SERCOM_USART_CTRLA_RXPO(rxPad);
-	uart.Bus.CTRLA |= sam.RegValue((txpad << sam.SERCOM_USART_CTRLA_TXPO_Pos) |
-		(rxpad << sam.SERCOM_USART_CTRLA_RXPO_Pos))
-
-	// Enable Transceiver and Receiver
-	//sercom->USART.CTRLB.reg |= SERCOM_USART_CTRLB_TXEN | SERCOM_USART_CTRLB_RXEN ;
-	uart.Bus.CTRLB |= (sam.SERCOM_USART_CTRLB_TXEN | sam.SERCOM_USART_CTRLB_RXEN)
-
-	// Enable USART1 port.
-	// sercom->USART.CTRLA.bit.ENABLE = 0x1u;
-	uart.Bus.CTRLA |= sam.SERCOM_USART_CTRLA_ENABLE
-	for (uart.Bus.SYNCBUSY & sam.SERCOM_USART_SYNCBUSY_ENABLE) > 0 {
-	}
-
-	// setup interrupt on receive
-	uart.Bus.INTENSET = sam.SERCOM_USART_INTENSET_RXC
-
-	// Enable RX IRQ.
-	if config.TX == UART_TX_PIN {
-		// UART0
-		arm.EnableIRQ(sam.IRQ_SERCOM0)
-	} else {
-		// UART1
-		arm.EnableIRQ(sam.IRQ_SERCOM1)
-	}
-}
-
-// SetBaudRate sets the communication speed for the UART.
-func (uart UART) SetBaudRate(br uint32) {
-	// Asynchronous fractional mode (Table 24-2 in datasheet)
-	//   BAUD = fref / (sampleRateValue * fbaud)
-	// (multiply by 8, to calculate fractional piece)
-	// uint32_t baudTimes8 = (SystemCoreClock * 8) / (16 * baudrate);
-	baud := (CPU_FREQUENCY * 8) / (sampleRate16X * br)
-
-	// sercom->USART.BAUD.FRAC.FP   = (baudTimes8 % 8);
-	// sercom->USART.BAUD.FRAC.BAUD = (baudTimes8 / 8);
-	uart.Bus.BAUD = sam.RegValue16(((baud % 8) << sam.SERCOM_USART_BAUD_FRAC_MODE_FP_Pos) |
-		((baud / 8) << sam.SERCOM_USART_BAUD_FRAC_MODE_BAUD_Pos))
-}
-
-// WriteByte writes a byte of data to the UART.
-func (uart UART) WriteByte(c byte) error {
-	// wait until ready to receive
-	for (uart.Bus.INTFLAG & sam.SERCOM_USART_INTFLAG_DRE) == 0 {
-	}
-	uart.Bus.DATA = sam.RegValue16(c)
-	return nil
-}
-
-//go:export SERCOM0_IRQHandler
-func handleUART0() {
-	// should reset IRQ
-	UART0.Receive(byte((UART0.Bus.DATA & 0xFF)))
-	UART0.Bus.INTFLAG |= sam.SERCOM_USART_INTFLAG_RXC
-}
-
-//go:export SERCOM1_IRQHandler
-func handleUART1() {
-	// should reset IRQ
-	UART1.Receive(byte((UART1.Bus.DATA & 0xFF)))
-	UART1.Bus.INTFLAG |= sam.SERCOM_USART_INTFLAG_RXC
-}
-
-// I2C on the SAMD21.
-type I2C struct {
-	Bus *sam.SERCOM_I2CM_Type
-}
-
-// Since the I2C interfaces on the SAMD21 use the SERCOMx peripherals,
-// you can have multiple ones. we currently only implement one.
-var (
-	I2C0 = I2C{Bus: sam.SERCOM3_I2CM}
-)
-
-// I2CConfig is used to store config info for I2C.
-type I2CConfig struct {
-	Frequency uint32
-	SCL       uint8
-	SDA       uint8
-}
-
-const (
-	// Default rise time in nanoseconds, based on 4.7K ohm pull up resistors
-	riseTimeNanoseconds = 125
-
-	// wire bus states
-	wireUnknownState = 0
-	wireIdleState    = 1
-	wireOwnerState   = 2
-	wireBusyState    = 3
-
-	// wire commands
-	wireCmdNoAction    = 0
-	wireCmdRepeatStart = 1
-	wireCmdRead        = 2
-	wireCmdStop        = 3
-)
-
-const i2cTimeout = 1000
-
-// Configure is intended to setup the I2C interface.
-func (i2c I2C) Configure(config I2CConfig) {
-	// Default I2C bus speed is 100 kHz.
-	if config.Frequency == 0 {
-		config.Frequency = TWI_FREQ_100KHZ
-	}
-
-	// reset SERCOM3
-	i2c.Bus.CTRLA |= sam.SERCOM_I2CM_CTRLA_SWRST
-	for (i2c.Bus.CTRLA&sam.SERCOM_I2CM_CTRLA_SWRST) > 0 ||
-		(i2c.Bus.SYNCBUSY&sam.SERCOM_I2CM_SYNCBUSY_SWRST) > 0 {
-	}
-
-	// Set i2c master mode
-	//SERCOM_I2CM_CTRLA_MODE( I2C_MASTER_OPERATION )
-	i2c.Bus.CTRLA = (sam.SERCOM_I2CM_CTRLA_MODE_I2C_MASTER << sam.SERCOM_I2CM_CTRLA_MODE_Pos) // |
-
-	i2c.SetBaudRate(config.Frequency)
-
-	// Enable I2CM port.
-	// sercom->USART.CTRLA.bit.ENABLE = 0x1u;
-	i2c.Bus.CTRLA |= sam.SERCOM_I2CM_CTRLA_ENABLE
-	for (i2c.Bus.SYNCBUSY & sam.SERCOM_I2CM_SYNCBUSY_ENABLE) > 0 {
-	}
-
-	// set bus idle mode
-	i2c.Bus.STATUS |= (wireIdleState << sam.SERCOM_I2CM_STATUS_BUSSTATE_Pos)
-	for (i2c.Bus.SYNCBUSY & sam.SERCOM_I2CM_SYNCBUSY_SYSOP) > 0 {
-	}
-
-	// enable pins
-	GPIO{SDA_PIN}.Configure(GPIOConfig{Mode: GPIO_SERCOM})
-	GPIO{SCL_PIN}.Configure(GPIOConfig{Mode: GPIO_SERCOM})
-}
-
-// SetBaudRate sets the communication speed for the I2C.
-func (i2c I2C) SetBaudRate(br uint32) {
-	// Synchronous arithmetic baudrate, via Arduino SAMD implementation:
-	// SystemCoreClock / ( 2 * baudrate) - 5 - (((SystemCoreClock / 1000000) * WIRE_RISE_TIME_NANOSECONDS) / (2 * 1000));
-	baud := CPU_FREQUENCY/(2*br) - 5 - (((CPU_FREQUENCY / 1000000) * riseTimeNanoseconds) / (2 * 1000))
-	i2c.Bus.BAUD = sam.RegValue(baud)
-}
-
-// Tx does a single I2C transaction at the specified address.
-// It clocks out the given address, writes the bytes in w, reads back len(r)
-// bytes and stores them in r, and generates a stop condition on the bus.
-func (i2c I2C) Tx(addr uint16, w, r []byte) error {
-	var err error
-	if len(w) != 0 {
-		// send start/address for write
-		i2c.sendAddress(addr, true)
-
-		// wait until transmission complete
-		timeout := i2cTimeout
-		for (i2c.Bus.INTFLAG & sam.SERCOM_I2CM_INTFLAG_MB) == 0 {
-			timeout--
-			if timeout == 0 {
-				return errors.New("I2C timeout on ready to write data")
-			}
-		}
-
-		// ACK received (0: ACK, 1: NACK)
-		if (i2c.Bus.STATUS & sam.SERCOM_I2CM_STATUS_RXNACK) > 0 {
-			return errors.New("I2C write error: expected ACK not NACK")
-		}
-
-		// write data
-		for _, b := range w {
-			err = i2c.WriteByte(b)
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-		}
-
-		err = i2c.signalStop()
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-	if len(r) != 0 {
-		// send start/address for read
-		i2c.sendAddress(addr, false)
-
-		// wait transmission complete
-		for (i2c.Bus.INTFLAG & sam.SERCOM_I2CM_INTFLAG_SB) == 0 {
-			// If the slave NACKS the address, the MB bit will be set.
-			// In that case, send a stop condition and return error.
-			if (i2c.Bus.INTFLAG & sam.SERCOM_I2CM_INTFLAG_MB) > 0 {
-				i2c.Bus.CTRLB |= (wireCmdStop << sam.SERCOM_I2CM_CTRLB_CMD_Pos) // Stop condition
-				return errors.New("I2C read error: expected ACK not NACK")
-			}
-		}
-
-		// ACK received (0: ACK, 1: NACK)
-		if (i2c.Bus.STATUS & sam.SERCOM_I2CM_STATUS_RXNACK) > 0 {
-			return errors.New("I2C read error: expected ACK not NACK")
-		}
-
-		// read first byte
-		r[0] = i2c.readByte()
-		for i := 1; i < len(r); i++ {
-			// Send an ACK
-			i2c.Bus.CTRLB &^= sam.SERCOM_I2CM_CTRLB_ACKACT
-
-			i2c.signalRead()
-
-			// Read data and send the ACK
-			r[i] = i2c.readByte()
-		}
-
-		// Send NACK to end transmission
-		i2c.Bus.CTRLB |= sam.SERCOM_I2CM_CTRLB_ACKACT
-
-		err = i2c.signalStop()
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// WriteByte writes a single byte to the I2C bus.
-func (i2c I2C) WriteByte(data byte) error {
-	// Send data byte
-	i2c.Bus.DATA = sam.RegValue8(data)
-
-	// wait until transmission successful
-	timeout := i2cTimeout
-	for (i2c.Bus.INTFLAG & sam.SERCOM_I2CM_INTFLAG_MB) == 0 {
-		// check for bus error
-		if (sam.SERCOM3_I2CM.STATUS & sam.SERCOM_I2CM_STATUS_BUSERR) > 0 {
-			return errors.New("I2C bus error")
-		}
-		timeout--
-		if timeout == 0 {
-			return errors.New("I2C timeout on write data")
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (i2c.Bus.STATUS & sam.SERCOM_I2CM_STATUS_RXNACK) > 0 {
-		return errors.New("I2C write error: expected ACK not NACK")
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// sendAddress sends the address and start signal
-func (i2c I2C) sendAddress(address uint16, write bool) error {
-	data := (address << 1)
-	if !write {
-		data |= 1 // set read flag
-	}
-
-	// wait until bus ready
-	timeout := i2cTimeout
-	for (i2c.Bus.STATUS&(wireIdleState<<sam.SERCOM_I2CM_STATUS_BUSSTATE_Pos)) == 0 &&
-		(i2c.Bus.STATUS&(wireOwnerState<<sam.SERCOM_I2CM_STATUS_BUSSTATE_Pos)) == 0 {
-		timeout--
-		if timeout == 0 {
-			return errors.New("I2C timeout on bus ready")
-		}
-	}
-	i2c.Bus.ADDR = sam.RegValue(data)
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (i2c I2C) signalStop() error {
-	i2c.Bus.CTRLB |= (wireCmdStop << sam.SERCOM_I2CM_CTRLB_CMD_Pos) // Stop command
-	timeout := i2cTimeout
-	for (i2c.Bus.SYNCBUSY & sam.SERCOM_I2CM_SYNCBUSY_SYSOP) > 0 {
-		timeout--
-		if timeout == 0 {
-			return errors.New("I2C timeout on signal stop")
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (i2c I2C) signalRead() error {
-	i2c.Bus.CTRLB |= (wireCmdRead << sam.SERCOM_I2CM_CTRLB_CMD_Pos) // Read command
-	timeout := i2cTimeout
-	for (i2c.Bus.SYNCBUSY & sam.SERCOM_I2CM_SYNCBUSY_SYSOP) > 0 {
-		timeout--
-		if timeout == 0 {
-			return errors.New("I2C timeout on signal read")
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (i2c I2C) readByte() byte {
-	for (i2c.Bus.INTFLAG & sam.SERCOM_I2CM_INTFLAG_SB) == 0 {
-	}
-	return byte(i2c.Bus.DATA)
-}
-
-// PWM
-const period = 0xFFFF
-
-// InitPWM initializes the PWM interface.
-func InitPWM() {
-	// turn on timer clocks used for PWM
-	sam.PM.APBCMASK |= sam.PM_APBCMASK_TCC0_ | sam.PM_APBCMASK_TCC1_ | sam.PM_APBCMASK_TCC2_
-
-	// Use GCLK0 for TCC0/TCC1
-	sam.GCLK.CLKCTRL = sam.RegValue16((sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_ID_TCC0_TCC1 << sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_ID_Pos) |
-		(sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_GEN_GCLK0 << sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_GEN_Pos) |
-		sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_CLKEN)
-	for (sam.GCLK.STATUS & sam.GCLK_STATUS_SYNCBUSY) > 0 {
-	}
-
-	// Use GCLK0 for TCC2/TC3
-	sam.GCLK.CLKCTRL = sam.RegValue16((sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_ID_TCC2_TC3 << sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_ID_Pos) |
-		(sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_GEN_GCLK0 << sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_GEN_Pos) |
-		sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_CLKEN)
-	for (sam.GCLK.STATUS & sam.GCLK_STATUS_SYNCBUSY) > 0 {
-	}
-}
-
-// Configure configures a PWM pin for output.
-func (pwm PWM) Configure() {
-	// figure out which TCCX timer for this pin
-	timer := pwm.getTimer()
-
-	// disable timer
-	timer.CTRLA &^= sam.TCC_CTRLA_ENABLE
-	// Wait for synchronization
-	for (timer.SYNCBUSY & sam.TCC_SYNCBUSY_ENABLE) > 0 {
-	}
-
-	// Use "Normal PWM" (single-slope PWM)
-	timer.WAVE |= sam.TCC_WAVE_WAVEGEN_NPWM
-	// Wait for synchronization
-	for (timer.SYNCBUSY & sam.TCC_SYNCBUSY_WAVE) > 0 {
-	}
-
-	// Set the period (the number to count to (TOP) before resetting timer)
-	//TCC0->PER.reg = period;
-	timer.PER = period
-	// Wait for synchronization
-	for (timer.SYNCBUSY & sam.TCC_SYNCBUSY_PER) > 0 {
-	}
-
-	// Set pin as output
-	sam.PORT.DIRSET0 = (1 << pwm.Pin)
-	// Set pin to low
-	sam.PORT.OUTCLR0 = (1 << pwm.Pin)
-
-	// Enable the port multiplexer for pin
-	pwm.setPinCfg(sam.PORT_PINCFG0_PMUXEN)
-
-	// Connect TCCX timer to pin.
-	// we normally use the F channel aka ALT
-	pwmConfig := GPIO_PWM_ALT
-
-	// in the case of PA6 or PA7 we have to use E channel
-	if pwm.Pin == 6 || pwm.Pin == 7 {
-		pwmConfig = GPIO_PWM
-	}
-
-	if pwm.Pin&1 > 0 {
-		// odd pin, so save the even pins
-		val := pwm.getPMux() & sam.PORT_PMUX0_PMUXE_Msk
-		pwm.setPMux(val | sam.RegValue8(pwmConfig<<sam.PORT_PMUX0_PMUXO_Pos))
-	} else {
-		// even pin, so save the odd pins
-		val := pwm.getPMux() & sam.PORT_PMUX0_PMUXO_Msk
-		pwm.setPMux(val | sam.RegValue8(pwmConfig<<sam.PORT_PMUX0_PMUXE_Pos))
-	}
-}
-
-// Set turns on the duty cycle for a PWM pin using the provided value.
-func (pwm PWM) Set(value uint16) {
-	// figure out which TCCX timer for this pin
-	timer := pwm.getTimer()
-
-	// disable output
-	timer.CTRLA &^= sam.TCC_CTRLA_ENABLE
-
-	// Wait for synchronization
-	for (timer.SYNCBUSY & sam.TCC_SYNCBUSY_ENABLE) > 0 {
-	}
-
-	// Set PWM signal to output duty cycle
-	pwm.setChannel(sam.RegValue(value))
-
-	// Wait for synchronization on all channels
-	for (timer.SYNCBUSY & (sam.TCC_SYNCBUSY_CC0 |
-		sam.TCC_SYNCBUSY_CC1 |
-		sam.TCC_SYNCBUSY_CC2 |
-		sam.TCC_SYNCBUSY_CC3)) > 0 {
-	}
-
-	// enable
-	timer.CTRLA |= sam.TCC_CTRLA_ENABLE
-	// Wait for synchronization
-	for (timer.SYNCBUSY & sam.TCC_SYNCBUSY_ENABLE) > 0 {
-	}
-}
-
-// getPMux returns the value for the correct PMUX register for this pin.
-func (pwm PWM) getPMux() sam.RegValue8 {
-	return getPMux(pwm.Pin)
-}
-
-// setPMux sets the value for the correct PMUX register for this pin.
-func (pwm PWM) setPMux(val sam.RegValue8) {
-	setPMux(pwm.Pin, val)
-}
-
-// getPinCfg returns the value for the correct PINCFG register for this pin.
-func (pwm PWM) getPinCfg() sam.RegValue8 {
-	return getPinCfg(pwm.Pin)
-}
-
-// setPinCfg sets the value for the correct PINCFG register for this pin.
-func (pwm PWM) setPinCfg(val sam.RegValue8) {
-	setPinCfg(pwm.Pin, val)
-}
-
-// getPMux returns the value for the correct PMUX register for this pin.
-func getPMux(p uint8) sam.RegValue8 {
-	pin := p >> 1
-	switch pin {
-	case 0:
-		return sam.PORT.PMUX0_0
-	case 1:
-		return sam.PORT.PMUX0_1
-	case 2:
-		return sam.PORT.PMUX0_2
-	case 3:
-		return sam.PORT.PMUX0_3
-	case 4:
-		return sam.PORT.PMUX0_4
-	case 5:
-		return sam.PORT.PMUX0_5
-	case 6:
-		return sam.PORT.PMUX0_6
-	case 7:
-		return sam.PORT.PMUX0_7
-	case 8:
-		return sam.PORT.PMUX0_8
-	case 9:
-		return sam.PORT.PMUX0_9
-	case 10:
-		return sam.PORT.PMUX0_10
-	case 11:
-		return sam.PORT.PMUX0_11
-	case 12:
-		return sam.PORT.PMUX0_12
-	case 13:
-		return sam.PORT.PMUX0_13
-	case 14:
-		return sam.PORT.PMUX0_14
-	case 15:
-		return sam.PORT.PMUX0_15
-	default:
-		return 0
-	}
-}
-
-// setPMux sets the value for the correct PMUX register for this pin.
-func setPMux(p uint8, val sam.RegValue8) {
-	pin := p >> 1
-	switch pin {
-	case 0:
-		sam.PORT.PMUX0_0 = val
-	case 1:
-		sam.PORT.PMUX0_1 = val
-	case 2:
-		sam.PORT.PMUX0_2 = val
-	case 3:
-		sam.PORT.PMUX0_3 = val
-	case 4:
-		sam.PORT.PMUX0_4 = val
-	case 5:
-		sam.PORT.PMUX0_5 = val
-	case 6:
-		sam.PORT.PMUX0_6 = val
-	case 7:
-		sam.PORT.PMUX0_7 = val
-	case 8:
-		sam.PORT.PMUX0_8 = val
-	case 9:
-		sam.PORT.PMUX0_9 = val
-	case 10:
-		sam.PORT.PMUX0_10 = val
-	case 11:
-		sam.PORT.PMUX0_11 = val
-	case 12:
-		sam.PORT.PMUX0_12 = val
-	case 13:
-		sam.PORT.PMUX0_13 = val
-	case 14:
-		sam.PORT.PMUX0_14 = val
-	case 15:
-		sam.PORT.PMUX0_15 = val
-	}
-}
-
-// getPinCfg returns the value for the correct PINCFG register for this pin.
-func getPinCfg(p uint8) sam.RegValue8 {
-	switch p {
-	case 0:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_0
-	case 1:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_1
-	case 2:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_2
-	case 3:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_3
-	case 4:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_4
-	case 5:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_5
-	case 6:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_6
-	case 7:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_7
-	case 8:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_8
-	case 9:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_9
-	case 10:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_10
-	case 11:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_11
-	case 12:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_12
-	case 13:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_13
-	case 14:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_14
-	case 15:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_15
-	case 16:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_16
-	case 17:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_17
-	case 18:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_18
-	case 19:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_19
-	case 20:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_20
-	case 21:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_21
-	case 22:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_22
-	case 23:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_23
-	case 24:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_24
-	case 25:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_25
-	case 26:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_26
-	case 27:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_27
-	case 28:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_28
-	case 29:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_29
-	case 30:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_30
-	case 31:
-		return sam.PORT.PINCFG0_31
-	default:
-		return 0
-	}
-}
-
-// setPinCfg sets the value for the correct PINCFG register for this pin.
-func setPinCfg(p uint8, val sam.RegValue8) {
-	switch p {
-	case 0:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_0 = val
-	case 1:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_1 = val
-	case 2:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_2 = val
-	case 3:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_3 = val
-	case 4:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_4 = val
-	case 5:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_5 = val
-	case 6:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_6 = val
-	case 7:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_7 = val
-	case 8:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_8 = val
-	case 9:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_9 = val
-	case 10:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_10 = val
-	case 11:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_11 = val
-	case 12:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_12 = val
-	case 13:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_13 = val
-	case 14:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_14 = val
-	case 15:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_15 = val
-	case 16:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_16 = val
-	case 17:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_17 = val
-	case 18:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_18 = val
-	case 19:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_19 = val
-	case 20:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_20 = val
-	case 21:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_21 = val
-	case 22:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_22 = val
-	case 23:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_23 = val
-	case 24:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_24 = val
-	case 25:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_25 = val
-	case 26:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_26 = val
-	case 27:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_27 = val
-	case 28:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_28 = val
-	case 29:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_29 = val
-	case 30:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_30 = val
-	case 31:
-		sam.PORT.PINCFG0_31 = val
-	}
-}
-
-// getTimer returns the timer to be used for PWM on this pin
-func (pwm PWM) getTimer() *sam.TCC_Type {
-	switch pwm.Pin {
-	case 6:
-		return sam.TCC1
-	case 7:
-		return sam.TCC1
-	case 8:
-		return sam.TCC1
-	case 9:
-		return sam.TCC1
-	case 14:
-		return sam.TCC0
-	case 15:
-		return sam.TCC0
-	case 16:
-		return sam.TCC0
-	case 17:
-		return sam.TCC0
-	case 18:
-		return sam.TCC0
-	case 19:
-		return sam.TCC0
-	case 20:
-		return sam.TCC0
-	case 21:
-		return sam.TCC0
-	default:
-		return nil // not supported on this pin
-	}
-}
-
-// setChannel sets the value for the correct channel for PWM on this pin
-func (pwm PWM) setChannel(val sam.RegValue) {
-	switch pwm.Pin {
-	case 6:
-		pwm.getTimer().CC0 = val
-	case 7:
-		pwm.getTimer().CC1 = val
-	case 8:
-		pwm.getTimer().CC0 = val
-	case 9:
-		pwm.getTimer().CC1 = val
-	case 14:
-		pwm.getTimer().CC0 = val
-	case 15:
-		pwm.getTimer().CC1 = val
-	case 16:
-		pwm.getTimer().CC2 = val
-	case 17:
-		pwm.getTimer().CC3 = val
-	case 18:
-		pwm.getTimer().CC2 = val
-	case 19:
-		pwm.getTimer().CC3 = val
-	case 20:
-		pwm.getTimer().CC2 = val
-	case 21:
-		pwm.getTimer().CC3 = val
-	default:
-		return // not supported on this pin
-	}
-}

src/machine/machine_nrf51.go

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ import (
 	"device/nrf"
 )
 
+const CPU_FREQUENCY = 16000000
+
 // Get peripheral and pin number for this GPIO pin.
 func (p GPIO) getPortPin() (*nrf.GPIO_Type, uint8) {
 	return nrf.GPIO, p.Pin

src/machine/machine_nrf52.go

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ import (
 	"unsafe"
 )
 
+const CPU_FREQUENCY = 64000000
+
 // Get peripheral and pin number for this GPIO pin.
 func (p GPIO) getPortPin() (*nrf.GPIO_Type, uint8) {
 	return nrf.P0, p.Pin

src/machine/machine_nrf52840.go

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ import (
 	"unsafe"
 )
 
+const CPU_FREQUENCY = 64000000
+
 // Get peripheral and pin number for this GPIO pin.
 func (p GPIO) getPortPin() (*nrf.GPIO_Type, uint8) {
 	if p.Pin >= 32 {

src/machine/spi.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// +build nrf stm32f103xx
+// +build nrf stm32f103xx atsamd21g18a
 
 package machine
 

src/machine/usb.go

@@ -0,0 +1,599 @@
+// +build sam
+
+package machine
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"device/sam"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"errors"
+)
+
+const deviceDescriptorSize = 18
+
+// DeviceDescriptor implements the USB standard device descriptor.
+//
+// Table 9-8. Standard Device Descriptor
+// bLength, bDescriptorType, bcdUSB, bDeviceClass, bDeviceSubClass, bDeviceProtocol, bMaxPacketSize0,
+//    idVendor, idProduct, bcdDevice, iManufacturer, iProduct, iSerialNumber, bNumConfigurations */
+//
+type DeviceDescriptor struct {
+	bLength            uint8  // 18
+	bDescriptorType    uint8  // 1 USB_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE
+	bcdUSB             uint16 // 0x200
+	bDeviceClass       uint8
+	bDeviceSubClass    uint8
+	bDeviceProtocol    uint8
+	bMaxPacketSize0    uint8 // Packet 0
+	idVendor           uint16
+	idProduct          uint16
+	bcdDevice          uint16 // 0x100
+	iManufacturer      uint8
+	iProduct           uint8
+	iSerialNumber      uint8
+	bNumConfigurations uint8
+}
+
+// NewDeviceDescriptor returns a USB DeviceDescriptor.
+func NewDeviceDescriptor(class, subClass, proto, packetSize0 uint8, vid, pid, version uint16, im, ip, is, configs uint8) DeviceDescriptor {
+	return DeviceDescriptor{deviceDescriptorSize, 1, 0x200, class, subClass, proto, packetSize0, vid, pid, version, im, ip, is, configs}
+}
+
+// Bytes returns DeviceDescriptor data
+func (d DeviceDescriptor) Bytes() []byte {
+	buf := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, deviceDescriptorSize))
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bLength)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bDescriptorType)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bcdUSB)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bDeviceClass)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bDeviceSubClass)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bDeviceProtocol)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bMaxPacketSize0)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.idVendor)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.idProduct)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bcdDevice)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.iManufacturer)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.iProduct)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.iSerialNumber)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bNumConfigurations)
+	return buf.Bytes()
+}
+
+const configDescriptorSize = 9
+
+// ConfigDescriptor implements the standard USB configuration descriptor.
+//
+// Table 9-10. Standard Configuration Descriptor
+// bLength, bDescriptorType, wTotalLength, bNumInterfaces, bConfigurationValue, iConfiguration
+// bmAttributes, bMaxPower
+//
+type ConfigDescriptor struct {
+	bLength             uint8  // 9
+	bDescriptorType     uint8  // 2
+	wTotalLength        uint16 // total length
+	bNumInterfaces      uint8
+	bConfigurationValue uint8
+	iConfiguration      uint8
+	bmAttributes        uint8
+	bMaxPower           uint8
+}
+
+// NewConfigDescriptor returns a new USB ConfigDescriptor.
+func NewConfigDescriptor(totalLength uint16, interfaces uint8) ConfigDescriptor {
+	return ConfigDescriptor{configDescriptorSize, 2, totalLength, interfaces, 1, 0, usb_CONFIG_BUS_POWERED | usb_CONFIG_REMOTE_WAKEUP, 50}
+}
+
+// Bytes returns ConfigDescriptor data.
+func (d ConfigDescriptor) Bytes() []byte {
+	buf := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, configDescriptorSize))
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bLength)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bDescriptorType)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.wTotalLength)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bNumInterfaces)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bConfigurationValue)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.iConfiguration)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bmAttributes)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bMaxPower)
+	return buf.Bytes()
+}
+
+const interfaceDescriptorSize = 9
+
+// InterfaceDescriptor implements the standard USB interface descriptor.
+//
+// Table 9-12. Standard Interface Descriptor
+// bLength, bDescriptorType, bInterfaceNumber, bAlternateSetting, bNumEndpoints, bInterfaceClass,
+// bInterfaceSubClass, bInterfaceProtocol, iInterface
+//
+type InterfaceDescriptor struct {
+	bLength            uint8 // 9
+	bDescriptorType    uint8 // 4
+	bInterfaceNumber   uint8
+	bAlternateSetting  uint8
+	bNumEndpoints      uint8
+	bInterfaceClass    uint8
+	bInterfaceSubClass uint8
+	bInterfaceProtocol uint8
+	iInterface         uint8
+}
+
+// NewInterfaceDescriptor returns a new USB InterfaceDescriptor.
+func NewInterfaceDescriptor(n, numEndpoints, class, subClass, protocol uint8) InterfaceDescriptor {
+	return InterfaceDescriptor{interfaceDescriptorSize, 4, n, 0, numEndpoints, class, subClass, protocol, 0}
+}
+
+// Bytes returns InterfaceDescriptor data.
+func (d InterfaceDescriptor) Bytes() []byte {
+	buf := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, interfaceDescriptorSize))
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bLength)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bDescriptorType)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bInterfaceNumber)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bAlternateSetting)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bNumEndpoints)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bInterfaceClass)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bInterfaceSubClass)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bInterfaceProtocol)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.iInterface)
+	return buf.Bytes()
+}
+
+const endpointDescriptorSize = 7
+
+// EndpointDescriptor implements the standard USB endpoint descriptor.
+//
+// Table 9-13. Standard Endpoint Descriptor
+// bLength, bDescriptorType, bEndpointAddress, bmAttributes, wMaxPacketSize, bInterval
+//
+type EndpointDescriptor struct {
+	bLength          uint8 // 7
+	bDescriptorType  uint8 // 5
+	bEndpointAddress uint8
+	bmAttributes     uint8
+	wMaxPacketSize   uint16
+	bInterval        uint8
+}
+
+// NewEndpointDescriptor returns a new USB EndpointDescriptor.
+func NewEndpointDescriptor(addr, attr uint8, packetSize uint16, interval uint8) EndpointDescriptor {
+	return EndpointDescriptor{endpointDescriptorSize, 5, addr, attr, packetSize, interval}
+}
+
+// Bytes returns EndpointDescriptor data.
+func (d EndpointDescriptor) Bytes() []byte {
+	buf := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, endpointDescriptorSize))
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bLength)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bDescriptorType)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bEndpointAddress)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bmAttributes)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.wMaxPacketSize)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bInterval)
+	return buf.Bytes()
+}
+
+const iadDescriptorSize = 8
+
+// IADDescriptor is an Interface Association Descriptor, which is used
+// to bind 2 interfaces together in CDC composite device.
+//
+// Standard Interface Association Descriptor:
+// bLength, bDescriptorType, bFirstInterface, bInterfaceCount, bFunctionClass, bFunctionSubClass,
+// bFunctionProtocol, iFunction
+//
+type IADDescriptor struct {
+	bLength           uint8 // 8
+	bDescriptorType   uint8 // 11
+	bFirstInterface   uint8
+	bInterfaceCount   uint8
+	bFunctionClass    uint8
+	bFunctionSubClass uint8
+	bFunctionProtocol uint8
+	iFunction         uint8
+}
+
+// NewIADDescriptor returns a new USB IADDescriptor.
+func NewIADDescriptor(firstInterface, count, class, subClass, protocol uint8) IADDescriptor {
+	return IADDescriptor{iadDescriptorSize, 11, firstInterface, count, class, subClass, protocol, 0}
+}
+
+// Bytes returns IADDescriptor data.
+func (d IADDescriptor) Bytes() []byte {
+	buf := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, iadDescriptorSize))
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bLength)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bDescriptorType)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bFirstInterface)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bInterfaceCount)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bFunctionClass)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bFunctionSubClass)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bFunctionProtocol)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.iFunction)
+	return buf.Bytes()
+}
+
+const cdcCSInterfaceDescriptorSize = 5
+
+// CDCCSInterfaceDescriptor is a CDC CS interface descriptor.
+type CDCCSInterfaceDescriptor struct {
+	len     uint8 // 5
+	dtype   uint8 // 0x24
+	subtype uint8
+	d0      uint8
+	d1      uint8
+}
+
+// NewCDCCSInterfaceDescriptor returns a new USB CDCCSInterfaceDescriptor.
+func NewCDCCSInterfaceDescriptor(subtype, d0, d1 uint8) CDCCSInterfaceDescriptor {
+	return CDCCSInterfaceDescriptor{cdcCSInterfaceDescriptorSize, 0x24, subtype, d0, d1}
+}
+
+// Bytes returns CDCCSInterfaceDescriptor data.
+func (d CDCCSInterfaceDescriptor) Bytes() []byte {
+	buf := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, cdcCSInterfaceDescriptorSize))
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.len)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.dtype)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.subtype)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.d0)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.d1)
+	return buf.Bytes()
+}
+
+const cmFunctionalDescriptorSize = 5
+
+// CMFunctionalDescriptor is the functional descriptor general format.
+type CMFunctionalDescriptor struct {
+	bFunctionLength    uint8
+	bDescriptorType    uint8 // 0x24
+	bDescriptorSubtype uint8 // 1
+	bmCapabilities     uint8
+	bDataInterface     uint8
+}
+
+// NewCMFunctionalDescriptor returns a new USB CMFunctionalDescriptor.
+func NewCMFunctionalDescriptor(subtype, d0, d1 uint8) CMFunctionalDescriptor {
+	return CMFunctionalDescriptor{5, 0x24, subtype, d0, d1}
+}
+
+// Bytes returns the CMFunctionalDescriptor data.
+func (d CMFunctionalDescriptor) Bytes() []byte {
+	buf := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, cmFunctionalDescriptorSize))
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bFunctionLength)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bDescriptorType)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bDescriptorSubtype)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bmCapabilities)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bDataInterface)
+	return buf.Bytes()
+}
+
+const acmFunctionalDescriptorSize = 4
+
+// ACMFunctionalDescriptor is a Abstract Control Model (ACM) USB descriptor.
+type ACMFunctionalDescriptor struct {
+	len            uint8
+	dtype          uint8 // 0x24
+	subtype        uint8 // 1
+	bmCapabilities uint8
+}
+
+// NewACMFunctionalDescriptor returns a new USB ACMFunctionalDescriptor.
+func NewACMFunctionalDescriptor(subtype, d0 uint8) ACMFunctionalDescriptor {
+	return ACMFunctionalDescriptor{4, 0x24, subtype, d0}
+}
+
+// Bytes returns the ACMFunctionalDescriptor data.
+func (d ACMFunctionalDescriptor) Bytes() []byte {
+	buf := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, acmFunctionalDescriptorSize))
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.len)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.dtype)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.subtype)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, d.bmCapabilities)
+	return buf.Bytes()
+}
+
+// CDCDescriptor is the Communication Device Class (CDC) descriptor.
+type CDCDescriptor struct {
+	//	IAD
+	iad IADDescriptor // Only needed on compound device
+
+	//	Control
+	cif    InterfaceDescriptor
+	header CDCCSInterfaceDescriptor
+
+	// CDC control
+	controlManagement    ACMFunctionalDescriptor  // ACM
+	functionalDescriptor CDCCSInterfaceDescriptor // CDC_UNION
+	callManagement       CMFunctionalDescriptor   // Call Management
+	cifin                EndpointDescriptor
+
+	//	CDC Data
+	dif InterfaceDescriptor
+	in  EndpointDescriptor
+	out EndpointDescriptor
+}
+
+func NewCDCDescriptor(i IADDescriptor, c InterfaceDescriptor,
+	h CDCCSInterfaceDescriptor,
+	cm ACMFunctionalDescriptor,
+	fd CDCCSInterfaceDescriptor,
+	callm CMFunctionalDescriptor,
+	ci EndpointDescriptor,
+	di InterfaceDescriptor,
+	inp EndpointDescriptor,
+	outp EndpointDescriptor) CDCDescriptor {
+	return CDCDescriptor{iad: i,
+		cif:                  c,
+		header:               h,
+		controlManagement:    cm,
+		functionalDescriptor: fd,
+		callManagement:       callm,
+		cifin:                ci,
+		dif:                  di,
+		in:                   inp,
+		out:                  outp}
+}
+
+const cdcSize = iadDescriptorSize +
+	interfaceDescriptorSize +
+	cdcCSInterfaceDescriptorSize +
+	acmFunctionalDescriptorSize +
+	cdcCSInterfaceDescriptorSize +
+	cmFunctionalDescriptorSize +
+	endpointDescriptorSize +
+	interfaceDescriptorSize +
+	endpointDescriptorSize +
+	endpointDescriptorSize
+
+// Bytes returns CDCDescriptor data.
+func (d CDCDescriptor) Bytes() []byte {
+	buf := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, cdcSize))
+	buf.Write(d.iad.Bytes())
+	buf.Write(d.cif.Bytes())
+	buf.Write(d.header.Bytes())
+	buf.Write(d.controlManagement.Bytes())
+	buf.Write(d.functionalDescriptor.Bytes())
+	buf.Write(d.callManagement.Bytes())
+	buf.Write(d.cifin.Bytes())
+	buf.Write(d.dif.Bytes())
+	buf.Write(d.in.Bytes())
+	buf.Write(d.out.Bytes())
+	return buf.Bytes()
+}
+
+// MSCDescriptor is not used yet.
+type MSCDescriptor struct {
+	msc InterfaceDescriptor
+	in  EndpointDescriptor
+	out EndpointDescriptor
+}
+
+type cdcLineInfo struct {
+	dwDTERate   uint32
+	bCharFormat uint8
+	bParityType uint8
+	bDataBits   uint8
+	lineState   uint8
+}
+
+var (
+	// TODO: allow setting these
+	usb_STRING_LANGUAGE     = [2]uint16{(3 << 8) | (2 + 2), 0x0409} // English
+	usb_STRING_PRODUCT      = "Arduino Zero"
+	usb_STRING_MANUFACTURER = "Arduino"
+
+	usb_VID uint16 = 0x2341
+	usb_PID uint16 = 0x004d
+)
+
+const (
+	usb_IMANUFACTURER = 1
+	usb_IPRODUCT      = 2
+	usb_ISERIAL       = 3
+
+	usb_ENDPOINT_TYPE_CONTROL     = 0x00
+	usb_ENDPOINT_TYPE_ISOCHRONOUS = 0x01
+	usb_ENDPOINT_TYPE_BULK        = 0x02
+	usb_ENDPOINT_TYPE_INTERRUPT   = 0x03
+
+	usb_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE        = 1
+	usb_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE = 2
+	usb_STRING_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE        = 3
+	usb_INTERFACE_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE     = 4
+	usb_ENDPOINT_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE      = 5
+	usb_DEVICE_QUALIFIER              = 6
+	usb_OTHER_SPEED_CONFIGURATION     = 7
+
+	usbEndpointOut = 0x00
+	usbEndpointIn  = 0x80
+
+	usbEndpointPacketSize = 64 // 64 for Full Speed, EPT size max is 1024
+	usb_EPT_NUM           = 7
+
+	// standard requests
+	usb_GET_STATUS        = 0
+	usb_CLEAR_FEATURE     = 1
+	usb_SET_FEATURE       = 3
+	usb_SET_ADDRESS       = 5
+	usb_GET_DESCRIPTOR    = 6
+	usb_SET_DESCRIPTOR    = 7
+	usb_GET_CONFIGURATION = 8
+	usb_SET_CONFIGURATION = 9
+	usb_GET_INTERFACE     = 10
+	usb_SET_INTERFACE     = 11
+
+	usb_DEVICE_CLASS_COMMUNICATIONS  = 0x02
+	usb_DEVICE_CLASS_HUMAN_INTERFACE = 0x03
+	usb_DEVICE_CLASS_STORAGE         = 0x08
+	usb_DEVICE_CLASS_VENDOR_SPECIFIC = 0xFF
+
+	usb_CONFIG_POWERED_MASK  = 0x40
+	usb_CONFIG_BUS_POWERED   = 0x80
+	usb_CONFIG_SELF_POWERED  = 0xC0
+	usb_CONFIG_REMOTE_WAKEUP = 0x20
+
+	// CDC
+	usb_CDC_ACM_INTERFACE  = 0 // CDC ACM
+	usb_CDC_DATA_INTERFACE = 1 // CDC Data
+	usb_CDC_FIRST_ENDPOINT = 1
+	usb_CDC_ENDPOINT_ACM   = 1
+	usb_CDC_ENDPOINT_OUT   = 2
+	usb_CDC_ENDPOINT_IN    = 3
+
+	// bmRequestType
+	usb_REQUEST_HOSTTODEVICE = 0x00
+	usb_REQUEST_DEVICETOHOST = 0x80
+	usb_REQUEST_DIRECTION    = 0x80
+
+	usb_REQUEST_STANDARD = 0x00
+	usb_REQUEST_CLASS    = 0x20
+	usb_REQUEST_VENDOR   = 0x40
+	usb_REQUEST_TYPE     = 0x60
+
+	usb_REQUEST_DEVICE    = 0x00
+	usb_REQUEST_INTERFACE = 0x01
+	usb_REQUEST_ENDPOINT  = 0x02
+	usb_REQUEST_OTHER     = 0x03
+	usb_REQUEST_RECIPIENT = 0x1F
+
+	usb_REQUEST_DEVICETOHOST_CLASS_INTERFACE    = (usb_REQUEST_DEVICETOHOST | usb_REQUEST_CLASS | usb_REQUEST_INTERFACE)
+	usb_REQUEST_HOSTTODEVICE_CLASS_INTERFACE    = (usb_REQUEST_HOSTTODEVICE | usb_REQUEST_CLASS | usb_REQUEST_INTERFACE)
+	usb_REQUEST_DEVICETOHOST_STANDARD_INTERFACE = (usb_REQUEST_DEVICETOHOST | usb_REQUEST_STANDARD | usb_REQUEST_INTERFACE)
+
+	// CDC Class requests
+	usb_CDC_SET_LINE_CODING        = 0x20
+	usb_CDC_GET_LINE_CODING        = 0x21
+	usb_CDC_SET_CONTROL_LINE_STATE = 0x22
+	usb_CDC_SEND_BREAK             = 0x23
+
+	usb_CDC_V1_10                         = 0x0110
+	usb_CDC_COMMUNICATION_INTERFACE_CLASS = 0x02
+
+	usb_CDC_CALL_MANAGEMENT             = 0x01
+	usb_CDC_ABSTRACT_CONTROL_MODEL      = 0x02
+	usb_CDC_HEADER                      = 0x00
+	usb_CDC_ABSTRACT_CONTROL_MANAGEMENT = 0x02
+	usb_CDC_UNION                       = 0x06
+	usb_CDC_CS_INTERFACE                = 0x24
+	usb_CDC_CS_ENDPOINT                 = 0x25
+	usb_CDC_DATA_INTERFACE_CLASS        = 0x0A
+)
+
+// usbDeviceDescBank is the USB device endpoint descriptor.
+// typedef struct {
+// 	__IO USB_DEVICE_ADDR_Type      ADDR;        /**< \brief Offset: 0x000 (R/W 32) DEVICE_DESC_BANK Endpoint Bank, Adress of Data Buffer */
+// 	__IO USB_DEVICE_PCKSIZE_Type   PCKSIZE;     /**< \brief Offset: 0x004 (R/W 32) DEVICE_DESC_BANK Endpoint Bank, Packet Size */
+// 	__IO USB_DEVICE_EXTREG_Type    EXTREG;      /**< \brief Offset: 0x008 (R/W 16) DEVICE_DESC_BANK Endpoint Bank, Extended */
+// 	__IO USB_DEVICE_STATUS_BK_Type STATUS_BK;   /**< \brief Offset: 0x00A (R/W  8) DEVICE_DESC_BANK Enpoint Bank, Status of Bank */
+// 		 RoReg8                    Reserved1[0x5];
+//   } UsbDeviceDescBank;
+type usbDeviceDescBank struct {
+	ADDR      sam.RegValue
+	PCKSIZE   sam.RegValue
+	EXTREG    sam.RegValue16
+	STATUS_BK sam.RegValue8
+	_reserved [5]sam.RegValue8
+}
+
+type usbDeviceDescriptor struct {
+	DeviceDescBank [2]usbDeviceDescBank
+}
+
+// typedef struct {
+// 	union {
+// 		uint8_t bmRequestType;
+// 		struct {
+// 			uint8_t direction : 5;
+// 			uint8_t type : 2;
+// 			uint8_t transferDirection : 1;
+// 		};
+// 	};
+// 	uint8_t bRequest;
+// 	uint8_t wValueL;
+// 	uint8_t wValueH;
+// 	uint16_t wIndex;
+// 	uint16_t wLength;
+// } USBSetup;
+type usbSetup struct {
+	bmRequestType uint8
+	bRequest      uint8
+	wValueL       uint8
+	wValueH       uint8
+	wIndex        uint16
+	wLength       uint16
+}
+
+func newUSBSetup(data []byte) usbSetup {
+	buf := bytes.NewBuffer(data)
+	u := usbSetup{}
+	binary.Read(buf, binary.LittleEndian, &(u.bmRequestType))
+	binary.Read(buf, binary.LittleEndian, &(u.bRequest))
+	binary.Read(buf, binary.LittleEndian, &(u.wValueL))
+	binary.Read(buf, binary.LittleEndian, &(u.wValueH))
+	binary.Read(buf, binary.LittleEndian, &(u.wIndex))
+	binary.Read(buf, binary.LittleEndian, &(u.wLength))
+	return u
+}
+
+// USBCDC is the serial interface that works over the USB port.
+// To implement the USBCDC interface for a board, you must declare a concrete type as follows:
+//
+// 		type USBCDC struct {
+// 			Buffer *RingBuffer
+// 		}
+//
+// You can also add additional members to this struct depending on your implementation,
+// but the *RingBuffer is required.
+// When you are declaring the USBCDC for your board, make sure that you also declare the
+// RingBuffer using the NewRingBuffer() function:
+//
+//		USBCDC{Buffer: NewRingBuffer()}
+//
+
+// Read from the RX buffer.
+func (usbcdc USBCDC) Read(data []byte) (n int, err error) {
+	// check if RX buffer is empty
+	size := usbcdc.Buffered()
+	if size == 0 {
+		return 0, nil
+	}
+
+	// Make sure we do not read more from buffer than the data slice can hold.
+	if len(data) < size {
+		size = len(data)
+	}
+
+	// only read number of bytes used from buffer
+	for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
+		v, _ := usbcdc.ReadByte()
+		data[i] = v
+	}
+
+	return size, nil
+}
+
+// Write data to the USBCDC.
+func (usbcdc USBCDC) Write(data []byte) (n int, err error) {
+	for _, v := range data {
+		usbcdc.WriteByte(v)
+	}
+	return len(data), nil
+}
+
+// ReadByte reads a single byte from the RX buffer.
+// If there is no data in the buffer, returns an error.
+func (usbcdc USBCDC) ReadByte() (byte, error) {
+	// check if RX buffer is empty
+	buf, ok := usbcdc.Buffer.Get()
+	if !ok {
+		return 0, errors.New("Buffer empty")
+	}
+	return buf, nil
+}
+
+// Buffered returns the number of bytes currently stored in the RX buffer.
+func (usbcdc USBCDC) Buffered() int {
+	return int(usbcdc.Buffer.Used())
+}
+
+// Receive handles adding data to the UART's data buffer.
+// Usually called by the IRQ handler for a machine.
+func (usbcdc USBCDC) Receive(data byte) {
+	usbcdc.Buffer.Put(data)
+}

src/os/file_unix.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// +build linux
+// +build darwin linux
 
 package os
 

src/runtime/interface.go

@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@ func interfaceTypeAssert(ok bool) {
 // See compiler/interface-lowering.go for details.
 
 type interfaceMethodInfo struct {
-	signature *uint8 // external *i8 with a name identifying the Go function signature
-	funcptr   *uint8 // bitcast from the actual function pointer
+	signature *uint8  // external *i8 with a name identifying the Go function signature
+	funcptr   uintptr // bitcast from the actual function pointer
 }
 
 // Pseudo function call used while putting a concrete value in an interface,
@@ -59,4 +59,4 @@ func interfaceImplements(typecode uintptr, interfaceMethodSet **uint8) bool
 
 // Pseudo function that returns a function pointer to the method to call.
 // See the interface lowering pass for how this is lowered to a real call.
-func interfaceMethod(typecode uintptr, interfaceMethodSet **uint8, signature *uint8) *uint8
+func interfaceMethod(typecode uintptr, interfaceMethodSet **uint8, signature *uint8) uintptr

src/runtime/os_darwin.go

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// +build darwin
+
+package runtime
+
+const GOOS = "darwin"

src/runtime/panic.go

@@ -27,38 +27,31 @@ func _recover() interface{} {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// Check for bounds in *ssa.Index, *ssa.IndexAddr and *ssa.Lookup.
-func lookupBoundsCheck(length uintptr, index int) {
-	if index < 0 || index >= int(length) {
-		runtimePanic("index out of range")
-	}
+// Panic when trying to dereference a nil pointer.
+func nilpanic() {
+	runtimePanic("nil pointer dereference")
 }
 
-// Check for bounds in *ssa.Index, *ssa.IndexAddr and *ssa.Lookup.
-// Supports 64-bit indexes.
-func lookupBoundsCheckLong(length uintptr, index int64) {
-	if index < 0 || index >= int64(length) {
-		runtimePanic("index out of range")
-	}
+// Panic when trying to acces an array or slice out of bounds.
+func lookuppanic() {
+	runtimePanic("index out of range")
 }
 
-// Check for bounds in *ssa.Slice.
-func sliceBoundsCheck(capacity, low, high uintptr) {
-	if !(0 <= low && low <= high && high <= capacity) {
-		runtimePanic("slice out of range")
-	}
-}
-
-// Check for bounds in *ssa.Slice. Supports 64-bit indexes.
-func sliceBoundsCheck64(capacity uintptr, low, high uint64) {
-	if !(0 <= low && low <= high && high <= uint64(capacity)) {
-		runtimePanic("slice out of range")
-	}
+// Panic when trying to slice a slice out of bounds.
+func slicepanic() {
+	runtimePanic("slice out of range")
 }
 
 // Check for bounds in *ssa.MakeSlice.
-func sliceBoundsCheckMake(length, capacity uint) {
-	if !(0 <= length && length <= capacity) {
+func sliceBoundsCheckMake(length, capacity uintptr, max uintptr) {
+	if length > capacity || capacity > max {
+		runtimePanic("slice size out of range")
+	}
+}
+
+// Check for bounds in *ssa.MakeSlice. Supports 64-bit indexes.
+func sliceBoundsCheckMake64(length, capacity uint64, max uintptr) {
+	if length > capacity || capacity > uint64(max) {
 		runtimePanic("slice size out of range")
 	}
 }

src/runtime/runtime_atsamd21.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// +build sam,atsamd21g18a
+// +build sam,atsamd21
 
 package runtime
 
@@ -22,10 +22,11 @@ func main() {
 func init() {
 	initClocks()
 	initRTC()
-	initUARTClock()
-	initI2CClock()
+	initSERCOMClocks()
+	initUSBClock()
+	initADCClock()
 
-	// connect to UART
+	// connect to USB CDC interface
 	machine.UART0.Configure(machine.UARTConfig{})
 }
 
@@ -205,11 +206,7 @@ func initRTC() {
 
 	// set Mode0 to 32-bit counter (mode 0) with prescaler 1 and GCLK2 is 32KHz/1
 	sam.RTC_MODE0.CTRL = sam.RegValue16((sam.RTC_MODE0_CTRL_MODE_COUNT32 << sam.RTC_MODE0_CTRL_MODE_Pos) |
-		(sam.RTC_MODE0_CTRL_PRESCALER_DIV1 << sam.RTC_MODE0_CTRL_PRESCALER_Pos) |
-		sam.RTC_MODE0_CTRL_MATCHCLR)
-	waitForSync()
-
-	sam.RTC_MODE0.COMP0 = 0xffffffff
+		(sam.RTC_MODE0_CTRL_PRESCALER_DIV1 << sam.RTC_MODE0_CTRL_PRESCALER_Pos))
 	waitForSync()
 
 	// re-enable RTC
@@ -256,8 +253,8 @@ func ticks() timeUnit {
 	sam.RTC_MODE0.READREQ = sam.RTC_MODE0_READREQ_RREQ
 	waitForSync()
 
-	rtcCounter := uint64(sam.RTC_MODE0.COUNT) * 30 // each counter tick == 30.5us
-	offset := (rtcCounter - timerLastCounter)      // change since last measurement
+	rtcCounter := (uint64(sam.RTC_MODE0.COUNT) * 305) / 10 // each counter tick == 30.5us
+	offset := (rtcCounter - timerLastCounter)              // change since last measurement
 	timerLastCounter = rtcCounter
 	timestamp += timeUnit(offset) // TODO: not precise
 	return timestamp
@@ -277,7 +274,7 @@ func timerSleep(ticks uint32) {
 
 	// set compare value
 	cnt := sam.RTC_MODE0.COUNT
-	sam.RTC_MODE0.COMP0 = sam.RegValue(uint32(cnt) + (ticks / 30)) // each counter tick == 30.5us
+	sam.RTC_MODE0.COMP0 = sam.RegValue(uint32(cnt) + (ticks * 10 / 305)) // each counter tick == 30.5us
 	waitForSync()
 
 	// enable IRQ for CMP0 compare
@@ -296,7 +293,7 @@ func handleRTC() {
 	timerWakeup = true
 }
 
-func initUARTClock() {
+func initSERCOMClocks() {
 	// Turn on clock to SERCOM0 for UART0
 	sam.PM.APBCMASK |= sam.PM_APBCMASK_SERCOM0_
 
@@ -309,29 +306,64 @@ func initUARTClock() {
 		sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_CLKEN)
 	waitForSync()
 
-	// Turn on clock to SERCOM1 for UART1
+	// Turn on clock to SERCOM1
 	sam.PM.APBCMASK |= sam.PM_APBCMASK_SERCOM1_
-
-	// Use GCLK0 for SERCOM1 aka UART1
-	// GCLK_CLKCTRL_ID( clockId ) | // Generic Clock 0 (SERCOMx)
-	// GCLK_CLKCTRL_GEN_GCLK0 | // Generic Clock Generator 0 is source
-	// GCLK_CLKCTRL_CLKEN ;
 	sam.GCLK.CLKCTRL = sam.RegValue16((sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_ID_SERCOM1_CORE << sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_ID_Pos) |
 		(sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_GEN_GCLK0 << sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_GEN_Pos) |
 		sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_CLKEN)
 	waitForSync()
-}
 
-func initI2CClock() {
-	// Turn on clock to SERCOM3 for I2C0
+	// Turn on clock to SERCOM2
+	sam.PM.APBCMASK |= sam.PM_APBCMASK_SERCOM2_
+	sam.GCLK.CLKCTRL = sam.RegValue16((sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_ID_SERCOM2_CORE << sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_ID_Pos) |
+		(sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_GEN_GCLK0 << sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_GEN_Pos) |
+		sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_CLKEN)
+	waitForSync()
+
+	// Turn on clock to SERCOM3
 	sam.PM.APBCMASK |= sam.PM_APBCMASK_SERCOM3_
-
-	// Use GCLK0 for SERCOM3 aka I2C0
-	// GCLK_CLKCTRL_ID( clockId ) | // Generic Clock 0 (SERCOMx)
-	// GCLK_CLKCTRL_GEN_GCLK0 | // Generic Clock Generator 0 is source
-	// GCLK_CLKCTRL_CLKEN ;
 	sam.GCLK.CLKCTRL = sam.RegValue16((sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_ID_SERCOM3_CORE << sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_ID_Pos) |
 		(sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_GEN_GCLK0 << sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_GEN_Pos) |
 		sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_CLKEN)
 	waitForSync()
+
+	// Turn on clock to SERCOM4
+	sam.PM.APBCMASK |= sam.PM_APBCMASK_SERCOM4_
+
+	// Use GCLK0 for SERCOM4
+	sam.GCLK.CLKCTRL = sam.RegValue16((sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_ID_SERCOM4_CORE << sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_ID_Pos) |
+		(sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_GEN_GCLK0 << sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_GEN_Pos) |
+		sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_CLKEN)
+	waitForSync()
+
+	// Turn on clock to SERCOM5
+	sam.PM.APBCMASK |= sam.PM_APBCMASK_SERCOM5_
+
+	// Use GCLK0 for SERCOM5
+	sam.GCLK.CLKCTRL = sam.RegValue16((sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_ID_SERCOM5_CORE << sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_ID_Pos) |
+		(sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_GEN_GCLK0 << sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_GEN_Pos) |
+		sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_CLKEN)
+	waitForSync()
+}
+
+func initUSBClock() {
+	// Turn on clock for USB
+	sam.PM.APBBMASK |= sam.PM_APBBMASK_USB_
+
+	// Put Generic Clock Generator 0 as source for Generic Clock Multiplexer 6 (USB reference)
+	sam.GCLK.CLKCTRL = sam.RegValue16((sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_ID_USB << sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_ID_Pos) |
+		(sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_GEN_GCLK0 << sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_GEN_Pos) |
+		sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_CLKEN)
+	waitForSync()
+}
+
+func initADCClock() {
+	// Turn on clock for ADC
+	sam.PM.APBCMASK |= sam.PM_APBCMASK_ADC_
+
+	// Put Generic Clock Generator 0 as source for Generic Clock Multiplexer for ADC.
+	sam.GCLK.CLKCTRL = sam.RegValue16((sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_ID_ADC << sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_ID_Pos) |
+		(sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_GEN_GCLK0 << sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_GEN_Pos) |
+		sam.GCLK_CLKCTRL_CLKEN)
+	waitForSync()
 }

src/runtime/runtime_stm32f103xx.go

@@ -124,8 +124,8 @@ func ticks() timeUnit {
 	// convert RTC counter from seconds to microseconds
 	timerCounter := uint64(stm32.RTC.CNTH<<16|stm32.RTC.CNTL) * 1000 * 1000
 
-	// add the fractional part of current time using DIV registers
-	timerCounter += (uint64(stm32.RTC.DIVH<<16|stm32.RTC.DIVL) / 1024 * 32 * 32) * 1000 * 1000
+	// add the fractional part of current time using DIV register
+	timerCounter += uint64(0x8000-stm32.RTC.DIVL) * 31
 
 	// change since last measurement
 	offset := (timerCounter - timerLastCounter)

src/runtime/runtime_unix.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// +build linux
+// +build darwin linux
 
 package runtime
 

target.go

@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ type TargetSpec struct {
 	CFlags     []string `json:"cflags"`
 	LDFlags    []string `json:"ldflags"`
 	ExtraFiles []string `json:"extra-files"`
-	Objcopy    string   `json:"objcopy"`
 	Emulator   []string `json:"emulator"`
 	Flasher    string   `json:"flash"`
 	OCDDaemon  []string `json:"ocd-daemon"`
@@ -72,9 +71,6 @@ func (spec *TargetSpec) copyProperties(spec2 *TargetSpec) {
 	spec.CFlags = append(spec.CFlags, spec2.CFlags...)
 	spec.LDFlags = append(spec.LDFlags, spec2.LDFlags...)
 	spec.ExtraFiles = append(spec.ExtraFiles, spec2.ExtraFiles...)
-	if spec2.Objcopy != "" {
-		spec.Objcopy = spec2.Objcopy
-	}
 	if len(spec2.Emulator) != 0 {
 		spec.Emulator = spec2.Emulator
 	}
@@ -162,6 +158,9 @@ func LoadTarget(target string) (*TargetSpec, error) {
 			llvmarch = goarch
 		}
 		target = llvmarch + "--" + llvmos
+		if goarch == "arm" {
+			target += "-gnueabihf"
+		}
 		return defaultTarget(goos, goarch, target)
 	}
 
@@ -189,6 +188,9 @@ func LoadTarget(target string) (*TargetSpec, error) {
 			return nil, errors.New("expected a full LLVM target or a custom target in -target flag")
 		}
 		goos := tripleSplit[2]
+		if strings.HasPrefix(goos, "darwin") {
+			goos = "darwin"
+		}
 		goarch := map[string]string{ // map from LLVM arch to Go arch
 			"i386":    "386",
 			"x86_64":  "amd64",
@@ -211,22 +213,23 @@ func defaultTarget(goos, goarch, triple string) (*TargetSpec, error) {
 		BuildTags: []string{goos, goarch},
 		Compiler:  commands["clang"],
 		Linker:    "cc",
-		LDFlags:   []string{"-no-pie", "-Wl,--gc-sections"}, // WARNING: clang < 5.0 requires -nopie
-		Objcopy:   "objcopy",
 		GDB:       "gdb",
 		GDBCmds:   []string{"run"},
 	}
+	if goos == "darwin" {
+		spec.LDFlags = append(spec.LDFlags, "-Wl,-dead_strip")
+	} else {
+		spec.LDFlags = append(spec.LDFlags, "-no-pie", "-Wl,--gc-sections") // WARNING: clang < 5.0 requires -nopie
+	}
 	if goarch != runtime.GOARCH {
 		// Some educated guesses as to how to invoke helper programs.
 		if goarch == "arm" && goos == "linux" {
-			spec.Linker = "arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc"
-			spec.Objcopy = "arm-linux-gnueabi-objcopy"
-			spec.GDB = "arm-linux-gnueabi-gdb"
-			spec.Emulator = []string{"qemu-arm", "-L", "/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi"}
+			spec.Linker = "arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc"
+			spec.GDB = "arm-linux-gnueabihf-gdb"
+			spec.Emulator = []string{"qemu-arm", "-L", "/usr/arm-linux-gnueabihf"}
 		}
 		if goarch == "arm64" && goos == "linux" {
 			spec.Linker = "aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc"
-			spec.Objcopy = "aarch64-linux-gnu-objcopy"
 			spec.GDB = "aarch64-linux-gnu-gdb"
 			spec.Emulator = []string{"qemu-aarch64", "-L", "/usr/aarch64-linux-gnu"}
 		}

targets/atsamd21g18a.json

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 {
 	"inherits": ["cortex-m"],
 	"llvm-target": "armv6m-none-eabi",
-	"build-tags": ["atsamd21g18", "sam"],
+	"build-tags": ["atsamd21g18", "atsamd21", "sam"],
 	"cflags": [
 		"--target=armv6m-none-eabi",
 		"-Qunused-arguments"
 	],
 	"ldflags": [
-		"-T", "targets/atsamd21g18.ld"
+		"-T", "targets/atsamd21.ld"
 	],
 	"extra-files": [
 		"src/device/sam/atsamd21g18a.s"

targets/avr.json

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 	"goarch": "wasm",
 	"compiler": "avr-gcc",
 	"linker": "avr-gcc",
-	"objcopy": "avr-objcopy",
 	"ldflags": [
 		"-T", "targets/avr.ld",
 		"-Wl,--gc-sections"

targets/circuitplay-express.json

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+    "inherits": ["atsamd21g18a"],
+    "build-tags": ["sam", "atsamd21g18a", "circuitplay_express"],
+    "flash": "uf2conv.py {bin}"
+}

targets/cortex-m.json

@@ -16,6 +16,5 @@
 	"ldflags": [
 		"--gc-sections"
 	],
-	"objcopy": "arm-none-eabi-objcopy",
 	"gdb": "arm-none-eabi-gdb"
 }

targets/itsybitsy-m0.json

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 {
-    "inherits": ["atsamd21g18"],
+    "inherits": ["atsamd21g18a"],
     "build-tags": ["sam", "atsamd21g18a", "itsybitsy_m0"],
     "flash": "bossac -d -i -e -w -v -R --offset=0x2000 {hex}"
 }

targets/wasm.json

@@ -12,5 +12,5 @@
 	"ldflags": [
 		"-allow-undefined"
 	],
-	"emulator":      ["cwa"]
+	"emulator":      ["node", "targets/wasm_exec.js"]
 }

targets/wasm_exec.js

@@ -73,13 +73,6 @@
 
 	global.Go = class {
 		constructor() {
-			this.argv = ["js"];
-			this.env = {};
-			this.exit = (code) => {
-				if (code !== 0) {
-					console.warn("exit code:", code);
-				}
-			};
 			this._callbackTimeouts = new Map();
 			this._nextCallbackTimeoutID = 1;
 
@@ -342,36 +335,6 @@
 
 			const mem = new DataView(this._inst.exports.memory.buffer)
 
-			// Pass command line arguments and environment variables to WebAssembly by writing them to the linear memory.
-			let offset = 4096;
-
-			const strPtr = (str) => {
-				let ptr = offset;
-				new Uint8Array(mem.buffer, offset, str.length + 1).set(encoder.encode(str + "\0"));
-				offset += str.length + (8 - (str.length % 8));
-				return ptr;
-			};
-
-			const argc = this.argv.length;
-
-			const argvPtrs = [];
-			this.argv.forEach((arg) => {
-				argvPtrs.push(strPtr(arg));
-			});
-
-			const keys = Object.keys(this.env).sort();
-			argvPtrs.push(keys.length);
-			keys.forEach((key) => {
-				argvPtrs.push(strPtr(`${key}=${this.env[key]}`));
-			});
-
-			const argv = offset;
-			argvPtrs.forEach((ptr) => {
-				mem.setUint32(offset, ptr, true);
-				mem.setUint32(offset + 4, 0, true);
-				offset += 8;
-			});
-
 			while (true) {
 				const callbackPromise = new Promise((resolve) => {
 					this._resolveCallbackPromise = () => {
@@ -381,7 +344,7 @@
 						setTimeout(resolve, 0); // make sure it is asynchronous
 					};
 				});
-				this._inst.exports.cwa_main(argc, argv);
+				this._inst.exports.cwa_main();
 				if (this.exited) {
 					break;
 				}
@@ -413,21 +376,17 @@
 	}
 
 	if (isNodeJS) {
-		if (process.argv.length < 3) {
+		if (process.argv.length != 3) {
 			process.stderr.write("usage: go_js_wasm_exec [wasm binary] [arguments]\n");
 			process.exit(1);
 		}
 
 		const go = new Go();
-		go.argv = process.argv.slice(2);
-		go.env = process.env;
-		go.exit = process.exit;
 		WebAssembly.instantiate(fs.readFileSync(process.argv[2]), go.importObject).then((result) => {
 			process.on("exit", (code) => { // Node.js exits if no callback is pending
 				if (code === 0 && !go.exited) {
 					// deadlock, make Go print error and stack traces
 					go._callbackShutdown = true;
-					go._inst.exports.run();
 				}
 			});
 			return go.run(result.instance);

testdata/cgo/main.c

@@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
 #include "main.h"
 
 int global = 3;
+_Bool globalBool = 1;
+_Bool globalBool2 = 10; // test narrowing
+float globalFloat = 3.1;
+double globalDouble = 3.2;
+_Complex float globalComplexFloat = 4.1+3.3i;
+_Complex double globalComplexDouble = 4.2+3.4i;
+_Complex double globalComplexLongDouble = 4.3+3.5i;
 
 int fortytwo() {
 	return 42;

testdata/cgo/main.go

@@ -28,6 +28,14 @@ func main() {
 	println("callback 1:", C.doCallback(20, 30, cb))
 	cb = C.binop_t(C.mul)
 	println("callback 2:", C.doCallback(20, 30, cb))
+
+	// more globals
+	println("bool:", C.globalBool, C.globalBool2 == true)
+	println("float:", C.globalFloat)
+	println("double:", C.globalDouble)
+	println("complex float:", C.globalComplexFloat)
+	println("complex double:", C.globalComplexDouble)
+	println("complex long double:", C.globalComplexLongDouble)
 }
 
 //export mul

testdata/cgo/main.h

@@ -3,9 +3,18 @@ int add(int a, int b);
 typedef int (*binop_t) (int, int);
 int doCallback(int a, int b, binop_t cb);
 typedef int * intPointer;
-extern int global;
 void store(int value, int *ptr);
 
+// test globals
+extern int global;
+extern _Bool globalBool;
+extern _Bool globalBool2;
+extern float globalFloat;
+extern double globalDouble;
+extern _Complex float globalComplexFloat;
+extern _Complex double globalComplexDouble;
+extern _Complex double globalComplexLongDouble;
+
 // test duplicate definitions
 int add(int a, int b);
 extern int global;

testdata/cgo/out.txt

@@ -8,3 +8,9 @@ global: 3
 25: 25
 callback 1: 50
 callback 2: 600
+bool: true true
+float: +3.100000e+000
+double: +3.200000e+000
+complex float: (+4.100000e+000+3.300000e+000i)
+complex double: (+4.200000e+000+3.400000e+000i)
+complex long double: (+4.300000e+000+3.500000e+000i)

testdata/slice.go

@@ -13,17 +13,17 @@ func main() {
 	println("sum foo:", sum(foo))
 
 	// creating a slice with uncommon len, cap types
-	assert(len(make([]int, int(2), int(3))) == 2)
-	assert(len(make([]int, int8(2), int8(3))) == 2)
-	assert(len(make([]int, int16(2), int16(3))) == 2)
-	assert(len(make([]int, int32(2), int32(3))) == 2)
-	assert(len(make([]int, int64(2), int64(3))) == 2)
-	assert(len(make([]int, uint(2), uint(3))) == 2)
-	assert(len(make([]int, uint8(2), uint8(3))) == 2)
-	assert(len(make([]int, uint16(2), uint16(3))) == 2)
-	assert(len(make([]int, uint32(2), uint32(3))) == 2)
-	assert(len(make([]int, uint64(2), uint64(3))) == 2)
-	assert(len(make([]int, uintptr(2), uintptr(3))) == 2)
+	assert(len(make([]int, makeInt(2), makeInt(3))) == 2)
+	assert(len(make([]int, makeInt8(2), makeInt8(3))) == 2)
+	assert(len(make([]int, makeInt16(2), makeInt16(3))) == 2)
+	assert(len(make([]int, makeInt32(2), makeInt32(3))) == 2)
+	assert(len(make([]int, makeInt64(2), makeInt64(3))) == 2)
+	assert(len(make([]int, makeUint(2), makeUint(3))) == 2)
+	assert(len(make([]int, makeUint8(2), makeUint8(3))) == 2)
+	assert(len(make([]int, makeUint16(2), makeUint16(3))) == 2)
+	assert(len(make([]int, makeUint32(2), makeUint32(3))) == 2)
+	assert(len(make([]int, makeUint64(2), makeUint64(3))) == 2)
+	assert(len(make([]int, makeUintptr(2), makeUintptr(3))) == 2)
 
 	// indexing into a slice with uncommon index types
 	assert(foo[int(2)] == 4)
@@ -120,3 +120,18 @@ func assert(ok bool) {
 		panic("assert failed")
 	}
 }
+
+// Helper functions used to hide const values from the compiler during IR
+// construction.
+
+func makeInt(x int) int             { return x }
+func makeInt8(x int8) int8          { return x }
+func makeInt16(x int16) int16       { return x }
+func makeInt32(x int32) int32       { return x }
+func makeInt64(x int64) int64       { return x }
+func makeUint(x uint) uint          { return x }
+func makeUint8(x uint8) uint8       { return x }
+func makeUint16(x uint16) uint16    { return x }
+func makeUint32(x uint32) uint32    { return x }
+func makeUint64(x uint64) uint64    { return x }
+func makeUintptr(x uintptr) uintptr { return x }

uf2.go

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+// Converts firmware files from BIN to UF2 format before flashing.
+//
+// For more information about the UF2 firmware file format, please see:
+// https://github.com/Microsoft/uf2
+//
+//
+package main
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"io/ioutil"
+)
+
+// ConvertELFFileToUF2File converts an ELF file to a UF2 file.
+func ConvertELFFileToUF2File(infile, outfile string) error {
+	// Read the .text segment.
+	_, data, err := ExtractROM(infile)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	output, _ := ConvertBinToUF2(data)
+	return ioutil.WriteFile(outfile, output, 0644)
+}
+
+// ConvertBinToUF2 converts the binary bytes in input to UF2 formatted data.
+func ConvertBinToUF2(input []byte) ([]byte, int) {
+	blocks := split(input, 256)
+	output := make([]byte, 0)
+
+	bl := NewUF2Block()
+	bl.SetNumBlocks(len(blocks))
+
+	for i := 0; i < len(blocks); i++ {
+		bl.SetBlockNo(i)
+		bl.SetData(blocks[i])
+
+		output = append(output, bl.Bytes()...)
+		bl.IncrementAddress(bl.payloadSize)
+	}
+
+	return output, len(blocks)
+}
+
+const (
+	uf2MagicStart0  = 0x0A324655 // "UF2\n"
+	uf2MagicStart1  = 0x9E5D5157 // Randomly selected
+	uf2MagicEnd     = 0x0AB16F30 // Ditto
+	uf2StartAddress = 0x2000
+)
+
+// UF2Block is the structure used for each UF2 code block sent to device.
+type UF2Block struct {
+	magicStart0 uint32
+	magicStart1 uint32
+	flags       uint32
+	targetAddr  uint32
+	payloadSize uint32
+	blockNo     uint32
+	numBlocks   uint32
+	familyID    uint32
+	data        []uint8
+	magicEnd    uint32
+}
+
+// NewUF2Block returns a new UF2Block struct that has been correctly populated
+func NewUF2Block() *UF2Block {
+	return &UF2Block{magicStart0: uf2MagicStart0,
+		magicStart1: uf2MagicStart1,
+		magicEnd:    uf2MagicEnd,
+		targetAddr:  uf2StartAddress,
+		flags:       0x0,
+		familyID:    0x0,
+		payloadSize: 256,
+		data:        make([]byte, 476),
+	}
+}
+
+// Bytes converts the UF2Block to a slice of bytes that can be written to file.
+func (b *UF2Block) Bytes() []byte {
+	buf := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, 512))
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, b.magicStart0)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, b.magicStart1)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, b.flags)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, b.targetAddr)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, b.payloadSize)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, b.blockNo)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, b.numBlocks)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, b.familyID)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, b.data)
+	binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, b.magicEnd)
+
+	return buf.Bytes()
+}
+
+// IncrementAddress moves the target address pointer forward by count bytes.
+func (b *UF2Block) IncrementAddress(count uint32) {
+	b.targetAddr += b.payloadSize
+}
+
+// SetData sets the data to be used for the current block.
+func (b *UF2Block) SetData(d []byte) {
+	b.data = make([]byte, 476)
+	copy(b.data[:], d)
+}
+
+// SetBlockNo sets the current block number to be used.
+func (b *UF2Block) SetBlockNo(bn int) {
+	b.blockNo = uint32(bn)
+}
+
+// SetNumBlocks sets the total number of blocks for this UF2 file.
+func (b *UF2Block) SetNumBlocks(total int) {
+	b.numBlocks = uint32(total)
+}
+
+// split splits a slice of bytes into a slice of byte slices of a specific size limit.
+func split(input []byte, limit int) [][]byte {
+	var block []byte
+	output := make([][]byte, 0, len(input)/limit+1)
+	for len(input) >= limit {
+		block, input = input[:limit], input[limit:]
+		output = append(output, block)
+	}
+	if len(input) > 0 {
+		output = append(output, input[:len(input)])
+	}
+	return output
+}

version.go

@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@ package main
 
 // version of this package.
 // Update this value before release of new version of software.
-const version = "0.2.0"
+const version = "0.4.1"