all: pretend to be linux/arm in baremetal targets

So far, we've pretended to be js/wasm in baremetal targets to make the
stdlib happy. Unfortunately, this has various problems because
syscall/js (a dependency of many stdlib packages) thinks it can do JS
calls, and emulating them gets quite hard with all changes to the
syscall/js packages in Go 1.12.

This commit does a few things:
  * It lets baremetal targets pretend to be linux/arm instead of
    js/wasm.
  * It lets the loader only select particular packages from the src
    overlay, instead of inserting them just before GOROOT. This makes it
    possible to pick which packages to overlay for a given target.
  * It adds a baremetal-only syscall package that stubs out almost all
    syscalls.

src/syscall/str.go

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+// Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package syscall
+
+func itoa(val int) string { // do it here rather than with fmt to avoid dependency
+	if val < 0 {
+		return "-" + uitoa(uint(-val))
+	}
+	return uitoa(uint(val))
+}
+
+func uitoa(val uint) string {
+	var buf [32]byte // big enough for int64
+	i := len(buf) - 1
+	for val >= 10 {
+		buf[i] = byte(val%10 + '0')
+		i--
+		val /= 10
+	}
+	buf[i] = byte(val + '0')
+	return string(buf[i:])
+}