compiler: move LLVM math builtin support into the compiler

This simplifies src/runtime/math.go, which I eventually want to remove
entirely by moving the given functionality into the compiler.

compiler/testdata/intrinsics-cortex-m-qemu.ll

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+; ModuleID = 'intrinsics.go'
+source_filename = "intrinsics.go"
+target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-Fi8-i64:64-v128:64:128-a:0:32-n32-S64"
+target triple = "armv7m-none-eabi"
+
+declare noalias nonnull i8* @runtime.alloc(i32, i8*, i8*)
+
+define hidden void @main.init(i8* %context, i8* %parentHandle) unnamed_addr {
+entry:
+  ret void
+}
+
+define hidden double @main.mySqrt(double %x, i8* %context, i8* %parentHandle) unnamed_addr {
+entry:
+  %0 = call double @math.Sqrt(double %x, i8* undef, i8* undef)
+  ret double %0
+}
+
+declare double @math.Sqrt(double, i8*, i8*)
+
+define hidden double @main.myTrunc(double %x, i8* %context, i8* %parentHandle) unnamed_addr {
+entry:
+  %0 = call double @math.Trunc(double %x, i8* undef, i8* undef)
+  ret double %0
+}
+
+declare double @math.Trunc(double, i8*, i8*)

compiler/testdata/intrinsics-wasm.ll

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+; ModuleID = 'intrinsics.go'
+source_filename = "intrinsics.go"
+target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-i64:64-n32:64-S128"
+target triple = "wasm32--wasi"
+
+declare noalias nonnull i8* @runtime.alloc(i32, i8*, i8*)
+
+define hidden void @main.init(i8* %context, i8* %parentHandle) unnamed_addr {
+entry:
+  ret void
+}
+
+define hidden double @main.mySqrt(double %x, i8* %context, i8* %parentHandle) unnamed_addr {
+entry:
+  %0 = call double @llvm.sqrt.f64(double %x)
+  ret double %0
+}
+
+; Function Attrs: nounwind readnone speculatable willreturn
+declare double @llvm.sqrt.f64(double) #0
+
+define hidden double @main.myTrunc(double %x, i8* %context, i8* %parentHandle) unnamed_addr {
+entry:
+  %0 = call double @llvm.trunc.f64(double %x)
+  ret double %0
+}
+
+; Function Attrs: nounwind readnone speculatable willreturn
+declare double @llvm.trunc.f64(double) #0
+
+attributes #0 = { nounwind readnone speculatable willreturn }

compiler/testdata/intrinsics.go

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+package main
+
+// Test how intrinsics are lowered: either as regular calls to the math
+// functions or as LLVM builtins (such as llvm.sqrt.f64).
+
+import "math"
+
+func mySqrt(x float64) float64 {
+	return math.Sqrt(x)
+}
+
+func myTrunc(x float64) float64 {
+	return math.Trunc(x)
+}