w5500: initial version the driver (#788)

Thank you, @nrwiersma for working on this and @soypat for review. Now merging.
2026-07-26 10:38:41 +00:00 · 2025-11-12 10:00:21 +02:00
parent 09fd01340b
commit 4b831af52b
6 changed files with 923 additions and 0 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"machine"
+	"net"
+	"net/netip"
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/netdev"
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/w5500"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	machine.SPI0.Configure(machine.SPIConfig{
+		Frequency: 33 * machine.MHz,
+	})
+	machine.GPIO17.Configure(machine.PinConfig{Mode: machine.PinOutput})
+
+	eth := w5500.New(machine.SPI0, machine.GPIO17)
+	eth.Configure(w5500.Config{
+		MAC:        net.HardwareAddr{0xee, 0xbe, 0xe9, 0xa9, 0xb6, 0x4f},
+		IP:         netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte{192, 168, 1, 2}),
+		SubnetMask: netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte{255, 255, 255, 0}),
+		Gateway:    netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte{192, 168, 1, 1}),
+	})
+	netdev.UseNetdev(eth)
+
+	for {
+		if eth.LinkStatus() != w5500.LinkStatusUp {
+			println("Waiting for link to be up")
+
+			time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+			continue
+		}
+		break
+	}
+}
@@ -146,6 +146,7 @@ tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.uf2 -target=nicenano ./examples/sharpme
 tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=feather-nrf52840 ./examples/max6675/main.go
 tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=pico ./examples/ens160/main.go
 tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=pico ./examples/si5351/main.go
+tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=pico ./examples/w5500/main.go
 # network examples (espat)
 tinygo build -size short -o ./build/test.hex -target=challenger-rp2040 ./examples/net/ntpclient/
 # network examples (wifinina)
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+package w5500
+
+import "time"
+
+func (d *Device) irqPoll(sockn uint8, state uint8, deadline time.Time) uint8 {
+	waitTime := 500 * time.Microsecond
+	for {
+		if !deadline.IsZero() && time.Now().After(deadline) {
+			// If a deadline is set and it has passed, return 0.
+			return sockIntUnknown
+		}
+
+		irq := d.readByte(sockInt, sockAddr(sockn)) & 0b00011111
+		if got := irq & state; got != 0 {
+			// Acknowledge the interrupt.
+			d.writeByte(sockInt, sockAddr(sockn), got)
+
+			return got
+		}
+
+		d.mu.Unlock()
+
+		time.Sleep(waitTime)
+
+		// Exponential backoff for polling.
+		waitTime *= 2
+		if waitTime > 10*time.Millisecond {
+			waitTime = 10 * time.Millisecond
+		}
+
+		d.mu.Lock()
+	}
+}
+
+func (d *Device) read(addr uint16, bsb uint8, p []byte) {
+	d.cs(false)
+	if len(p) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	d.sendReadHeader(addr, bsb)
+	_ = d.bus.Tx(nil, p)
+	d.cs(true)
+}
+
+func (d *Device) readUint16(addr uint16, bsb uint8) uint16 {
+	d.cs(false)
+	d.sendReadHeader(addr, bsb)
+	buf := d.cmdBuf
+	_ = d.bus.Tx(nil, buf[:2])
+	d.cs(true)
+	return uint16(buf[1]) | uint16(buf[0])<<8
+}
+
+func (d *Device) readByte(addr uint16, bsb uint8) byte {
+	d.cs(false)
+	d.sendReadHeader(addr, bsb)
+	r, _ := d.bus.Transfer(byte(0))
+	d.cs(true)
+	return r
+}
+
+func (d *Device) write(addr uint16, bsb uint8, p []byte) {
+	d.cs(false)
+	if len(p) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	d.sendWriteHeader(addr, bsb)
+	_ = d.bus.Tx(p, nil)
+	d.cs(true)
+}
+
+func (d *Device) writeUint16(addr uint16, bsb uint8, v uint16) {
+	d.cs(false)
+	d.sendWriteHeader(addr, bsb)
+	buf := d.cmdBuf
+	buf[0] = byte(v >> 8)
+	buf[1] = byte(v & 0xff)
+	_ = d.bus.Tx(buf[:2], nil)
+	d.cs(true)
+}
+
+func (d *Device) writeByte(addr uint16, bsb uint8, b byte) {
+	d.cs(false)
+	d.sendWriteHeader(addr, bsb)
+	_, _ = d.bus.Transfer(b)
+	d.cs(true)
+}
+
+func (d *Device) sendReadHeader(addr uint16, bsb uint8) {
+	buf := d.cmdBuf
+	buf[0] = byte(addr >> 8)
+	buf[1] = byte(addr & 0xff)
+	buf[2] = bsb << 3
+	_ = d.bus.Tx(buf[:], nil)
+}
+
+func (d *Device) sendWriteHeader(addr uint16, bsb uint8) {
+	buf := d.cmdBuf
+	buf[0] = byte(addr >> 8)
+	buf[1] = byte(addr & 0xff)
+	buf[2] = bsb<<3 | 0b100
+	_ = d.bus.Tx(buf[:], nil)
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,445 @@
+package w5500
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"net"
+	"net/netip"
+	"os"
+	"runtime"
+	"time"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/netdev"
+)
+
+type socket struct {
+	sockn    uint8
+	protocol uint8
+	port     uint16
+	inUse    bool
+	closed   bool
+}
+
+func (s *socket) setProtocol(proto byte) *socket {
+	s.protocol = proto
+	return s
+}
+
+func (s *socket) setPort(port uint16) *socket {
+	s.port = port
+	return s
+}
+
+func (s *socket) setInUse(inUse bool) *socket {
+	s.inUse = inUse
+	return s
+}
+
+func (s *socket) setClosed(closed bool) *socket {
+	s.closed = closed
+	return s
+}
+
+func (s *socket) reset() {
+	s.protocol = 0
+	s.port = 0
+	s.inUse = false
+	s.closed = false
+}
+
+// GetHostByName resolves the given host name to an IP address.
+func (d *Device) GetHostByName(name string) (netip.Addr, error) {
+	d.mu.Lock()
+	dns := d.dns
+	d.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if dns == nil {
+		return netip.Addr{}, netdev.ErrNotSupported
+	}
+	return dns(name)
+}
+
+func (d *Device) Socket(domain int, stype int, protocol int) (int, error) {
+	if domain != netdev.AF_INET {
+		return -1, netdev.ErrFamilyNotSupported
+	}
+	switch {
+	case stype == netdev.SOCK_STREAM && protocol == netdev.IPPROTO_TCP:
+	case stype == netdev.SOCK_DGRAM && protocol == netdev.IPPROTO_UDP:
+	default:
+		return -1, errors.New("unsupported combination of socket type and protocol")
+	}
+
+	var proto byte
+	switch protocol {
+	case netdev.IPPROTO_TCP:
+		proto = 1 // TCP
+	case netdev.IPPROTO_UDP:
+		proto = 2 // UDP
+	default:
+		return -1, netdev.ErrNotSupported
+	}
+
+	d.mu.Lock()
+	defer d.mu.Unlock()
+
+	sockfd, sock, err := d.nextSocket()
+	if err != nil {
+		return -1, err
+	}
+
+	d.openSocket(sock.sockn, proto)
+
+	sock.setProtocol(proto).setInUse(true)
+	return sockfd, nil
+}
+
+func (d *Device) openSocket(sockn uint8, proto byte) {
+	d.writeByte(sockMode, sockAddr(sockn), proto&0x0F)
+}
+
+func (d *Device) Bind(sockfd int, ip netip.AddrPort) error {
+	// The IP address is irrelevant. The configured ip will always be used.
+	port := ip.Port()
+
+	d.mu.Lock()
+	defer d.mu.Unlock()
+
+	sock, err := d.socket(sockfd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err = d.bindSocket(sock.sockn, port); err != nil {
+		return errors.New("could not set socket port: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	sock.setPort(port)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (d *Device) bindSocket(sockn uint8, port uint16) error {
+	d.writeUint16(sockSrcPort, sockAddr(sockn), port)
+	d.socketSendCmd(sockn, sockCmdOpen)
+	if d.sockStatus(sockn) == sockStatusClosed {
+		return errors.New("socket is closed after binding")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// SetSockOpt sets the socket option for the given socket file descriptor.
+// It is not supported by the W5500, so it always returns an error.
+func (d *Device) SetSockOpt(int, int, int, any) error {
+	return netdev.ErrNotSupported
+}
+
+// Connect establishes a connection to the specified host and port or ip and port.
+//
+// If the host is an empty string, it will use the provided ip address and port,
+// otherwise it will resolve the host name to an IP address.
+func (d *Device) Connect(sockfd int, host string, ip netip.AddrPort) error {
+	destIP := ip.Addr()
+	if host != "" {
+		var err error
+		destIP, err = d.GetHostByName(host)
+		if err != nil {
+			return errors.New("could not resolve host " + host + ":" + err.Error())
+		}
+	}
+	if !destIP.IsValid() || !destIP.Is4() {
+		return errors.New("invalid destination IP address: " + destIP.String())
+	}
+	port := ip.Port()
+
+	d.mu.Lock()
+	defer d.mu.Unlock()
+
+	sock, err := d.socket(sockfd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	d.write(sockDestIP, sockAddr(sock.sockn), destIP.AsSlice())
+	d.writeUint16(sockDestPort, sockAddr(sock.sockn), port)
+	d.socketSendCmd(sock.sockn, sockCmdOpen)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Listen sets the socket to listen for incoming connections on the specified socket file descriptor.
+//
+// The backlog parameter is ignored, as the W5500 does not support it.
+func (d *Device) Listen(sockfd int, _ int) error {
+	d.mu.Lock()
+	defer d.mu.Unlock()
+
+	sock, err := d.socket(sockfd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if sock.protocol != 1 { // Only TCP sockets can listen
+		return errors.New("not a TCP socket")
+	}
+
+	if err = d.listen(sock.sockn); err != nil {
+		return errors.New("could not send listen command: " + err.Error())
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (d *Device) listen(sockn uint8) error {
+	state := d.sockStatus(sockn)
+	if state != sockStatusInit {
+		return errors.New("socket is not in the initial state")
+	}
+	d.socketSendCmd(sockn, sockCmdListen)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Accept waits for an incoming connection on the specified socket file descriptor.
+func (d *Device) Accept(sockfd int) (int, netip.AddrPort, error) {
+	d.mu.Lock()
+	defer d.mu.Unlock()
+
+	lsock, err := d.socket(sockfd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return -1, netip.AddrPort{}, errors.New("could not get socket: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	if err = d.waitForEstablished(lsock.sockn); err != nil {
+		return -1, netip.AddrPort{}, err
+	}
+
+	// Acquire a new socket for the listening connection.
+	csockfd, csock, err := d.nextSocket()
+	if err != nil {
+		return -1, netip.AddrPort{}, err
+	}
+	// Swap the socket numbers of the client and listening sockets.
+	lsock.sockn, csock.sockn = csock.sockn, lsock.sockn
+
+	// Rebind the listening socket to the local address and port and start listening.
+	d.openSocket(lsock.sockn, lsock.protocol)
+	if err = d.bindSocket(lsock.sockn, lsock.port); err != nil {
+		return -1, netip.AddrPort{}, errors.New("could not bind listening socket: " + err.Error())
+	}
+	if err = d.listen(lsock.sockn); err != nil {
+		return -1, netip.AddrPort{}, errors.New("could not set listening socket: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	csock.setInUse(true)
+
+	remoteIP := d.remoteIP(csock.sockn)
+	return csockfd, remoteIP, nil
+}
+
+func (d *Device) waitForEstablished(sockn uint8) error {
+	for {
+		status := d.sockStatus(sockn)
+		switch status {
+		case sockStatusEstablished:
+			return nil
+		case sockStatusClosed:
+			return net.ErrClosed
+		case sockStatusCloseWait:
+			// The server closed the connection, so we need to reset the socket
+			// and set it to listen again.
+			if err := d.listen(sockn); err != nil {
+				return errors.New("could not set socket to listen: " + err.Error())
+			}
+		}
+
+		d.irqPoll(sockn, sockIntConnect|sockIntDisconnect, time.Time{})
+	}
+}
+
+func (d *Device) remoteIP(sockn uint8) netip.AddrPort {
+	var rip [4]byte
+	d.read(sockDestIP, sockAddr(sockn), rip[:])
+
+	var rport [2]byte
+	d.read(sockDestPort, sockAddr(sockn), rport[:])
+
+	return netip.AddrPortFrom(netip.AddrFrom4(rip), uint16(rport[0])<<8|uint16(rport[1]))
+}
+
+// Send sends data to the socket with the given file descriptor.
+// It blocks until all data is sent or the deadline is reached.
+func (d *Device) Send(sockfd int, buf []byte, _ int, deadline time.Time) (int, error) {
+	bufLen := len(buf)
+	if bufLen <= d.maxSockSize {
+		// Fast path for small buffers.
+		return d.sendChunk(sockfd, buf, deadline)
+	}
+
+	var n int
+	for i := 0; i < bufLen; i += d.maxSockSize {
+		end := i + d.maxSockSize
+		if end > bufLen {
+			end = bufLen
+		}
+
+		sent, err := d.sendChunk(sockfd, buf[i:end], deadline)
+		if err != nil {
+			return n, errors.New("could not send chunk: " + err.Error())
+		}
+		n += sent
+	}
+	return n, nil
+}
+
+func (d *Device) sendChunk(sockfd int, buf []byte, deadline time.Time) (int, error) {
+	d.mu.Lock()
+	defer d.mu.Unlock()
+
+	sock, err := d.socket(sockfd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, errors.New("could not get socket: " + err.Error())
+	}
+	if sock.closed {
+		return 0, os.ErrClosed
+	}
+
+	bufLen := uint16(len(buf))
+	if err = d.waitForFreeBuffer(sock.sockn, bufLen, deadline); err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+
+	sendPtr := d.readUint16(sockTXWritePtr, sockAddr(sock.sockn))
+
+	d.write(sendPtr, sock.sockn<<2|0b10, buf)
+	d.writeUint16(sockTXWritePtr, sockAddr(sock.sockn), sendPtr+bufLen)
+	d.writeByte(sockCmd, sockAddr(sock.sockn), sockCmdSend)
+
+	irq := d.irqPoll(sock.sockn, sockIntSendOK|sockIntDisconnect|sockIntTimeout, deadline)
+	switch {
+	case irq == sockIntUnknown:
+		return 0, os.ErrDeadlineExceeded
+	case irq&sockIntDisconnect != 0:
+		sock.setClosed(true)
+		return 0, net.ErrClosed
+	case irq&sockIntTimeout != 0:
+		return 0, netdev.ErrTimeout
+	default:
+		return int(bufLen), nil
+	}
+}
+
+func (d *Device) waitForFreeBuffer(sockn uint8, len uint16, deadline time.Time) error {
+	for {
+		freeSize := d.readUint16(sockTXFreeSize, sockAddr(sockn))
+		if freeSize >= len {
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		if !deadline.IsZero() && time.Now().After(deadline) {
+			return netdev.ErrTimeout
+		}
+
+		status := d.sockStatus(sockn)
+		switch status {
+		case sockStatusEstablished, sockStatusCloseWait:
+		default:
+			return errors.New("socket is not in a valid state for sending data")
+		}
+
+		d.mu.Unlock()
+
+		time.Sleep(time.Millisecond)
+
+		d.mu.Lock()
+	}
+}
+
+// Recv reads data from the socket with the given file descriptor into the provided buffer.
+// It blocks until data is available or the deadline is reached.
+func (d *Device) Recv(sockfd int, buf []byte, _ int, deadline time.Time) (int, error) {
+	d.mu.Lock()
+	defer d.mu.Unlock()
+
+	sock, err := d.socket(sockfd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, errors.New("could not get socket: " + err.Error())
+	}
+	if sock.closed {
+		return 0, os.ErrClosed
+	}
+
+	size, err := d.waitForData(sock, deadline)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+
+	recvPtr := d.readUint16(sockRXReadPtr, sockAddr(sock.sockn))
+
+	buf = buf[:min(size, len(buf))]
+	d.read(recvPtr, sock.sockn<<2|0b00011, buf)
+	d.writeUint16(sockRXReadPtr, sockAddr(sock.sockn), recvPtr+uint16(len(buf)))
+	d.socketSendCmd(sock.sockn, sockCmdRecv)
+
+	return len(buf), nil
+}
+
+func (d *Device) waitForData(sock *socket, deadline time.Time) (int, error) {
+	for {
+		recvdSize := d.readUint16(sockRXReceivedSize, sockAddr(sock.sockn))
+		if recvdSize > 0 {
+			return int(recvdSize), nil
+		}
+
+		irq := d.irqPoll(sock.sockn, sockIntReceive|sockIntDisconnect, deadline)
+		switch {
+		case irq == sockIntUnknown:
+			return 0, os.ErrDeadlineExceeded
+		case irq&sockIntDisconnect != 0:
+			sock.setClosed(true)
+			return 0, net.ErrClosed
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Close closes the socket with the given file descriptor.
+func (d *Device) Close(sockfd int) error {
+	d.mu.Lock()
+	defer d.mu.Unlock()
+
+	sock, err := d.socket(sockfd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	d.socketSendCmd(sock.sockn, sockCmdClose)
+	sock.reset()
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (d *Device) nextSocket() (int, *socket, error) {
+	for i, sock := range d.sockets {
+		if sock.inUse {
+			continue
+		}
+		return i, sock, nil
+	}
+	return -1, nil, netdev.ErrNoMoreSockets
+}
+
+func (d *Device) socket(sockfd int) (*socket, error) {
+	if sockfd < 0 || sockfd >= len(d.sockets) {
+		return nil, netdev.ErrInvalidSocketFd
+	}
+	return d.sockets[sockfd], nil
+}
+
+func (d *Device) socketSendCmd(sockn uint8, cmd byte) {
+	d.writeByte(sockCmd, sockAddr(sockn), cmd)
+	for d.readByte(sockCmd, sockAddr(sockn)) != 0 {
+		runtime.Gosched()
+	}
+}
+
+func (d *Device) sockStatus(sockn uint8) int {
+	return int(d.readByte(sockStatus, sockAddr(sockn)))
+}
+
+func sockAddr(sockn uint8) uint8 {
+	return sockn<<2 | 0b0001
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+package w5500
+
+// Common Registers.
+const (
+	regMode        = 0x0000
+	regGatewayAddr = 0x0001
+	regSubnetMask  = 0x0005
+	regMAC         = 0x0009
+	regIPAddr      = 0x000F
+	regIntLevel    = 0x0013
+	regInt         = 0x0015
+	regIntMask     = 0x0016
+	regSockInt     = 0x0017
+	regSockIntMask = 0x0018
+	regRetryTime   = 0x0019
+	regRetryN      = 0x001B
+	// ... PPP registers, not needed
+	regPHYCfg  = 0x002E
+	regChipVer = 0x0039
+)
+
+// Socket Registers.
+const (
+	sockMode           = 0x0000
+	sockCmd            = 0x0001
+	sockInt            = 0x0002
+	sockStatus         = 0x0003
+	sockSrcPort        = 0x0004
+	sockDestMAC        = 0x0006
+	sockDestIP         = 0x000C
+	sockDestPort       = 0x0010
+	sockMaxSegSize     = 0x0012
+	sockIPTOS          = 0x0015
+	sockIPTTL          = 0x0016
+	sockRXBUFSize      = 0x001E
+	sockTXBUFSize      = 0x001F
+	sockTXFreeSize     = 0x0020
+	sockTXReadPtr      = 0x0022
+	sockTXWritePtr     = 0x0024
+	sockRXReceivedSize = 0x0026
+	sockRXReadPtr      = 0x0028
+	sockRXWritePtr     = 0x002A
+	sockIntMask        = 0x002C
+	sockKeepInt        = 0x002F
+)
+
+// Socket Commands.
+const (
+	sockCmdOpen       = 0x01
+	sockCmdClose      = 0x10
+	sockCmdListen     = 0x02
+	sockCmdConnect    = 0x04
+	sockCmdDisconnect = 0x08
+	sockCmdSend       = 0x20
+	sockCmdSendMacRaw = 0x21
+	sockCmdSendKeep   = 0x22
+	sockCmdRecv       = 0x40
+)
+
+// Socket Statuses.
+const (
+	sockStatusClosed      = 0x00
+	sockStatusInit        = 0x13
+	sockStatusListen      = 0x14
+	sockStatusEstablished = 0x17
+	sockStatusCloseWait   = 0x1C
+	sockStatusUdp         = 0x22
+	sockStatusMacRaw      = 0x42
+	// Temporary TCP states
+	sockStatusSynSent  = 0x15
+	sockStatusSynRecv  = 0x16
+	sockStatusFinWait  = 0x18
+	sockStatusClosing  = 0x1A
+	sockStatusTimeWait = 0x1B
+	sockStatusLastAck  = 0x1D
+	sockStatusUnknown  = 0xFF
+)
+
+// Socket Interrupts.
+const (
+	sockIntConnect uint8 = 1 << iota
+	sockIntDisconnect
+	sockIntReceive
+	sockIntTimeout
+	sockIntSendOK
+
+	sockIntUnknown uint8 = 0
+)
@@ -0,0 +1,248 @@
+// Package w5500 implements a driver for the W5500 Ethernet controller.
+//
+// The driver supports basic network functionality including TCP and UDP sockets.
+// It currently does not use the IRQ or RST pins.
+//
+// Datasheet: https://docs.wiznet.io/img/products/w5500/W5500_ds_v110e.pdf
+// Product Page: https://wiznet.io/products/ethernet-chips/w5500
+package w5500
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"net"
+	"net/netip"
+	"sync"
+
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers"
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/internal/pin"
+	"tinygo.org/x/drivers/netdev"
+)
+
+var _ netdev.Netdever = &Device{}
+
+// Resolver is a function that resolves a hostname to an IP address.
+type Resolver func(host string) (netip.Addr, error)
+
+// Device is a driver for the W5500 Ethernet controller.
+type Device struct {
+	maxSockets  int
+	maxSockSize int
+
+	mu  sync.Mutex
+	bus drivers.SPI
+	cs  pin.OutputFunc
+	dns Resolver
+
+	sockets []*socket
+	laddr   netip.Addr
+
+	cmdBuf [3]byte
+}
+
+// New returns a new w5500 driver.
+func New(bus drivers.SPI, csPin pin.Output) *Device {
+	return &Device{
+		bus: bus,
+		cs:  csPin.Set,
+	}
+}
+
+// Config is the configuration for the device.
+//
+// The SPI bus must be fully configured.
+type Config struct {
+	DNS Resolver
+
+	MAC        net.HardwareAddr
+	IP         netip.Addr
+	SubnetMask netip.Addr
+	Gateway    netip.Addr
+
+	// Optional, default is 8.
+	MaxSockets int
+}
+
+// Configure sets up the device.
+//
+// MAC address must be provided. The other fields are optional.
+func (d *Device) Configure(cfg Config) error {
+	d.cs(true)
+
+	d.mu.Lock()
+	defer d.mu.Unlock()
+
+	d.dns = cfg.DNS
+
+	d.reset()
+
+	if err := d.setupSockets(cfg.MaxSockets); err != nil {
+		return errors.New("could not setup sockets: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	// Set the MAC address and IP configuration.
+	d.write(regMAC, 0, cfg.MAC)
+	d.write(regIPAddr, 0, cfg.IP.AsSlice())
+	d.write(regSubnetMask, 0, cfg.SubnetMask.AsSlice())
+	d.write(regGatewayAddr, 0, cfg.Gateway.AsSlice())
+	d.laddr = cfg.IP
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (d *Device) setupSockets(maxSockets int) error {
+	if maxSockets == 0 {
+		maxSockets = 8 // Default to 8 sockets if not specified.
+	}
+	switch maxSockets {
+	case 1, 2, 4, 8:
+		// Valid socket counts.
+	default:
+		return errors.New("invalid number of sockets, must be one of 1, 2, 4, or 8")
+	}
+
+	socks := make([]*socket, maxSockets)
+	for i := range socks {
+		socks[i] = &socket{
+			sockn: uint8(i),
+		}
+	}
+
+	d.maxSockets = maxSockets
+	d.maxSockSize = 16 * 1024 / maxSockets
+	d.sockets = socks
+
+	// Set the RX and TX buffer sizes for each socket.
+	for i := 0; i < 8; i++ {
+		size := byte(d.maxSockSize >> 10)
+		if i >= maxSockets {
+			size = 0
+		}
+
+		d.writeByte(sockRXBUFSize, sockAddr(uint8(i)), size)
+		d.writeByte(sockTXBUFSize, sockAddr(uint8(i)), size)
+	}
+
+	mask := byte(0b11111111)
+	switch maxSockets {
+	case 1:
+		mask = 0b00000001
+	case 2:
+		mask = 0b00000011
+	case 4:
+		mask = 0b00001111
+	}
+	d.writeByte(regSockIntMask, 0, mask)
+	d.writeByte(regIntMask, 0, 0)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Reset performs a soft reset.
+func (d *Device) Reset() {
+	d.mu.Lock()
+	defer d.mu.Unlock()
+
+	d.reset()
+}
+
+func (d *Device) reset() {
+	// RST is bit 7 of regMode.
+	d.writeByte(regMode, 0, 0x80)
+}
+
+// GetHardwareAddr returns the hardware address of the device.
+func (d *Device) GetHardwareAddr() (net.HardwareAddr, error) {
+	d.mu.Lock()
+	defer d.mu.Unlock()
+
+	mac := make([]byte, 6)
+	d.read(regMAC, 0, mac)
+	return mac, nil
+}
+
+// Addr returns the IP address of the device.
+func (d *Device) Addr() (netip.Addr, error) {
+	d.mu.Lock()
+	defer d.mu.Unlock()
+
+	var ip [4]byte
+	d.read(regIPAddr, 0, ip[:])
+	return netip.AddrFrom4(ip), nil
+}
+
+// SetAddr sets the IP address of the device.
+//
+// The IP address must be a valid IPv4 address.
+func (d *Device) SetAddr(ip netip.Addr) error {
+	if err := d.setAddress(regIPAddr, ip); err != nil {
+		return errors.New("could not set IP address: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	d.mu.Lock()
+	defer d.mu.Unlock()
+
+	d.laddr = ip
+	return nil
+}
+
+// SetSubnetMask sets the subnet mask of the device.
+//
+// The subnet mask must be a valid IPv4 address.
+// It is not checked if the subnet mask is valid for the device's IP address.
+func (d *Device) SetSubnetMask(mask netip.Addr) error {
+	return d.setAddress(regSubnetMask, mask)
+}
+
+// SetGateway sets the gateway address of the device.
+//
+// The gateway must be a valid IPv4 address.
+// It is not checked if the gateway is in the same subnet as the device.
+func (d *Device) SetGateway(gateway netip.Addr) error {
+	return d.setAddress(regGatewayAddr, gateway)
+}
+
+func (d *Device) setAddress(addr uint16, ip netip.Addr) error {
+	if !ip.IsValid() || !ip.Is4() {
+		return errors.New("invalid IP address: " + ip.String())
+	}
+
+	d.mu.Lock()
+	defer d.mu.Unlock()
+
+	d.write(addr, 0, ip.AsSlice())
+	return nil
+}
+
+// LinkStatus is the link status of the device.
+type LinkStatus = uint8
+
+// LinkStatus values.
+const (
+	LinkStatusDown LinkStatus = iota
+	LinkStatusUp
+)
+
+// LinkStatus returns the current link status of the device.
+func (d *Device) LinkStatus() LinkStatus {
+	d.mu.Lock()
+	defer d.mu.Unlock()
+
+	return d.readByte(regPHYCfg, 0) & 0b00000001
+}
+
+// LinkInfo returns the current link information of the device.
+func (d *Device) LinkInfo() string {
+	d.mu.Lock()
+	defer d.mu.Unlock()
+
+	linkInfo := d.readByte(regPHYCfg, 0) & 0b00000110
+
+	speed := "10Mbps"
+	if linkInfo&0b00000010 != 0 {
+		speed = "100Mbps"
+	}
+	duplex := "Half Duplex"
+	if linkInfo&0b00000100 != 0 {
+		duplex = "Full Duplex"
+	}
+	return speed + " " + duplex
+}